EP1828487A1 - Procede pour installer des boulons d'ancrage et boulon d'ancrage utilisable avec ledit procede - Google Patents

Procede pour installer des boulons d'ancrage et boulon d'ancrage utilisable avec ledit procede

Info

Publication number
EP1828487A1
EP1828487A1 EP05809165A EP05809165A EP1828487A1 EP 1828487 A1 EP1828487 A1 EP 1828487A1 EP 05809165 A EP05809165 A EP 05809165A EP 05809165 A EP05809165 A EP 05809165A EP 1828487 A1 EP1828487 A1 EP 1828487A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
tube
end piece
borehole
adapter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05809165A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Bernthaler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Copco Mai GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Copco Mai GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Copco Mai GmbH filed Critical Atlas Copco Mai GmbH
Publication of EP1828487A1 publication Critical patent/EP1828487A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/028—Devices or accesories for injecting a grouting liquid in a bore-hole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0073—Anchoring-bolts having an inflatable sleeve, e.g. hollow sleeve expanded by a fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting anchors, such as ground anchors and rock anchors, with the features of the introductory part of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to an anchor which can be used in the method according to the invention.
  • an anchor rock bolt or rock bolt having a longitudinally inwardly folded tube is introduced into a borehole and expanded by increasing the pressure inside the folded tube, so that the outer surface of the tube to the inner surface of the borehole and thus fixes the anchor in the borehole.
  • a disadvantage of the known method and the known rock anchor is that this is determined solely by friction and positive fit in the hole, but the positive side effects of a Inj edictionsankers, such as solidification of the borehole surrounding soil or mountains are not given.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method of the type mentioned in the beginning and an anchor which can be used in this method, which does not have the described disadvantages and wherein a quickly achieved and permanently secure hold of the anchor is achieved.
  • An anchor set by the method according to the invention sits securely and permanently firmly, as it firmly against the inner surface of the Bore hole is applied because the wall of the expanded tube of the anchor deformed a positive and friction resulting in gaps, joints and / or areas with softer material into it, but also has the advantage that the mountains or the soil in which the anchor is inserted , is solidified in the area of the borehole deepest end of the borehole by the introduced, hardening mass and possibly in the borehole deep existing columns or cracks are filled with the mass.
  • the anchor according to the invention is a further development of the known Reibrohranker, as they are known for example from the above-mentioned US 4, 459, 067 A and which are also referred to as "Swellex".
  • the power transmission takes place in the subsoil both by friction and by mechanical (form-fitting) connection with the ground.
  • the anchor according to the invention also has the advantage that the anchor can also be used as an injection lance for soil improvement. Soil improvement at certain depths or above a certain depth is of particular importance if soil layers overlying the surface of the day or rock layers lying in front of it under tunneling would be affected by the pressure in such a way that under certain circumstances the entire stability of the structure would be jeopardized.
  • Portland cements and other cements with sufficiently small particle size but also synthetic resins and other Inj can be used in the context of the invention in principle.
  • the hardening composition used in the process according to the invention may also be a hydraulically setting compound, such as injection (essentially a mixture of water, cement and optionally fine aggregates, such as fly ash) or a mortar (essentially a mixture of water, Cement and aggregates with small grain size).
  • injection essentially a mixture of water, cement and optionally fine aggregates, such as fly ash
  • a mortar essentially a mixture of water, Cement and aggregates with small grain size.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that the interior of the anchor is protected by the hardened mass from corrosion.
  • the z. B. introduced molten and solidify by cooling or harden after introduction by chemical reaction.
  • the procedure used in the method according to the invention can be described as follows: It becomes a borehole in the required length and in each case manufactured for the product in question (anchor) required diameter.
  • the expandable anchor is introduced. This is then connected in particular using an adapter with a pump, filled with water and pressurized until the profile of the anchor unfolds and the tube fits snugly against the borehole wall. Subsequently, the profile expands in such a way that also irregularities in the borehole diameter are filled. In fractures or cavities, the profile expands to its maximum diameter, which also creates a mechanical (positive locking) anchoring relative to the limited expansion in the regular wellbore.
  • the pressure is further increased until the tip, in particular in the region of a groove provided for this purpose, opens and is cut off in the wellbore deepest.
  • the adapter previously used was introduced through the water, replaced by a Inj edictionsadapter and introduced the injection material through the severed tip of the anchor in the ground.
  • the introduction of the pressed material (injection material) is carried out under pressure, wherein the pressure due to the friction and the mechanical connection anchor ground of the correspondingly dimensioned armature is intercepted so that the armature is not pushed out of the borehole in the manner of a piston.
  • the anchor which can be used in the method according to the invention has at its front end, that is to say at the end, with which it is introduced into the borehole, an end piece which is fastened, for example, to a sleeve provided there, which is connected to the pipe, wherein the tail opens at a pressure higher than that of expanding the pipe to apply it to the inside of the wellbore so that hardening mass can then be injected through the pipe and the then open end into the wellbore.
  • the armature according to the invention can carry at its end lying on a borehole an anchor plate which is supported on the ground or rock side on the outer end sleeve of the armature.
  • Anchors according to the invention can also be combined with Inj ectonsbohrankern. This has the advantage that the anchor according to the invention a rapid load capacity and the Inj ekomsanker ensure the continuous load capacity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a rock anchor
  • FIG. 2 the pipe of the rock anchor in the middle section
  • Fig. FIG. 3 shows the pipe of the rock bolt in section in the region of one end thereof
  • FIG. FIG. 4 shows an end piece at the front end of the rock bolt in a first embodiment
  • FIG. Fig. 5 schematically shows a tube of a rock bolt, widened in abutment with the inner surface of a borehole
  • FIG. 6 shows the end piece of the rock bolt in a second embodiment
  • FIG. 7 an adapter receptacle piece provided at the rear end of the rock bolt, that is, adjacent to the open end of the borehole
  • FIG. 8 an adapter for the introduction of a pressure medium for expanding the tube of the rock anchor
  • Fig. 9 an adapter for introducing the hardening mass into the borehole
  • Fig. 10 an anchor partially in section
  • Fig. 11 a further embodiment of an anchor partially in section.
  • rock anchors Although in the following the invention will be described mainly by the example of rock anchors, as they are also shown in the drawings, it should be noted that the invention in principle for all types of anchors, especially those of the aforementioned type, is applicable, including for the Use in soils and the like soft ground.
  • FIG. 1 shown rock anchor has a tube 1, which in its central region in FIG. 2 has cross-sectional shape shown in section.
  • the tube 1 thus has an inwardly directed longitudinal fold 3, wherein the inwardly folded part of the wall of the tube 1 in the middle region (FIG. 2) looks somewhat omega-shaped, whereas in the region of the ends of the tube 1 the longitudinally folded longitudinal fold 3 has two substantially mutually parallel wall parts 5 (Fig. 3).
  • the end piece 13 is closed, but designed so that it opens at a certain pressure (a pressure which is higher than the pressure required to expand the tube 1) and the access to the interior of the end piece 13 or. of the tube 1 releases.
  • a certain pressure a pressure which is higher than the pressure required to expand the tube 1
  • Possible embodiments for end pieces 13 are shown in FIGS. 4 and
  • the end piece 13 has a tapered end 15 which is connected to the tubular part of the end piece 13 by a groove 17, that is a weakening point. Upon reaching a certain pressure inside the tube 1, the wall of the end piece 13 breaks in the region of the groove 17, so that the end of the tube 1 connected to the sleeve 9, for example by a weld 10, is open.
  • the end piece 13 is formed as a tube, the free end 19 is provided with an internal thread. In the internal thread a plug 21 is screwed in, so that the end piece 13 of FIG. 6 embodiment is initially closed. Upon reaching a certain internal pressure in the pipe 1 or.
  • the plug 21 is pushed out of the plug holder designed as end 19 of the end piece 13, so that in this embodiment, the interior of the tube 1 with the environment, ie with the interior of the wellbore is connected.
  • the inner end of the tube 1 with the sleeve 7 and the end piece 13 opposite end of the tube 1 is connected via the sleeve 7, an adapter receptacle piece 31.
  • the adapter receptacle 31 is with the sleeve
  • the adapter receiving piece 31 is arranged in the region of the open end of the borehole in which the rock anchor is to be fixed.
  • the adapter receptacle 31 may be provided with a check valve 34 which opens into the tube 1 only in the direction of flow and thus prevents the escape of pressurized fluid and hardening mass from the rock bolt.
  • a check valve 34 which opens into the tube 1 only in the direction of flow and thus prevents the escape of pressurized fluid and hardening mass from the rock bolt.
  • Into the adapter receptacle 31 may be either a in Fig. 8 shown adapter 35 for the introduction of pressurized fluid, in particular water, are connected to the interior of the tube 1.
  • an adapter 37 can be attached to the adapter receptacle 31, which can be seen in FIG. 9 is shown and for impressing hardening mass, in particular hydraulically setting mass, such as injection or mortar, is used.
  • the adapter 37 of FIG. 9 may be equipped with a quick-release coupling 38, so that a hose coming from a pump, which conveys the hardening mass, can be connected quickly.
  • the adapters 35 and 37 can be provided with an external thread 39 which can be screwed into an internal thread 41 of the adapter receptacle 31.
  • Components such as ring bolts (DIN 580) can be fastened to the adapter receptacle 31 after the rock bolt has been fixed in a borehole, as will be described below.
  • rock anchor rock bolt
  • pressurized fluid e.g., water at a pressure of the order of 100-500 bar
  • the tube 1 expands while opening its longitudinal fold 3, so that it is pressed with its outer surface close to the inner surface of the borehole (FIG. 5).
  • the adapter 35 can be removed from the adapter receptacle 31 by unscrewing it and replaced with the adapter 37 ( Figure 9) by screwing this adapter 37 into the adapter receptacle 31.
  • a hardening mass in particular injection or a mortar, which is conveyed from a corresponding pump, is now pressed in under pressure.
  • the pressure in the hardening mass is higher than the pressure previously prevailing during the expansion of the tube 1 by the fluid, so that the end piece 13 opens by either (FIG. 4) the tip 15 of the end piece 13 by breaking the wall in the region of the groove 17 is cut off or (FIG. 6) the plug 21 is pushed out of the plug holder 19.
  • rock anchor in combination with Inj edictionsbohrankern (so-called “hybrid anchor"), the benefits of using internal pressure expandable rock anchors (rapid strength and tight fit) with the advantages of hardening, z. B.
  • the hardening mass fills any clearances in the area of the borehole between the outside of the injection well anchor and also penetrates into cracks or fissures, which emanate from the borehole, and thus the rock, the soil respectively . generally solidified a ground around the wellbore around.
  • the anchor again consists of a profile tube 1 and the two provided at its ends sleeves 7 and 9.
  • the sleeves 7 and 9 are connected to the profile tube 1 of the anchor by pressing and welding.
  • an end piece 31 welded, in which the in Figs. 8 and 9 can be selectively screwed adapter shown.
  • the end piece 31 has an internal thread via which the in Fig. 8 shown coupling piece for the expansion of the profile tube 1 can be screwed.
  • this coupling water is introduced under pressure to expand the profile tube 1 and then blasting off the tip of the armature.
  • an end piece 13 is connected via the sleeve 9 with a tip 15 via a weld 10.
  • an outwardly open groove 14 is provided near the base of the tip 15.
  • the anchor again has the profile tube 1, which at the ends of the profile tube 1 by pressing and / or welding attached sleeves 7 and 9 and connected to the sleeve 7 (welded) end piece 31.
  • To the front sleeve 9 is connected via a Weld 55 an externally threaded coupling piece 54 is connected.
  • an internally threaded coupling piece 53 is screwed to the weld 10
  • the end piece 13 is connected to the tip 15.
  • the groove 17 at the foot of the tip 15 to the inside of the end piece 13 is open.
  • the tip 15 may be formed at different angles than the embodiment shown in the drawings. It can also end pieces 13 with curved front end (cambered) or be used with flat front end.
  • An armature having a longitudinally-folded tube 1 and a downhole end 13 of the anchor is inserted into a borehole and expanded by applying internal pressure to unfold the tube 1 until the tube 1 is frictionally locked / or positive fit rests against the borehole, whereupon the pressure in the armature is increased, so that the front tip 15 of the end piece 13 is separated.
  • hardening mass is pressed by the anchor into the well to fill cavities in the area of the well located in the wellbore end of the anchor and the ground (soil, rock) in which the anchor is fixed, and located in the adjacent subsurface cavities or cracks.
  • a hydraulically setting mass based on cement can be used as the hardening mass.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un boulon d'ancrage présentant un tube (1), plié longitudinalement, et une partie d'extrémité (13) pouvant être ouverte sous pression, prévue à l'extrémité du boulon d'ancrage située à l'intérieur du trou de mine. Ce boulon d'ancrage est introduit dans un trou de mine et élargi par application d'une pression interne qui déplie le tube (1) jusqu'à ce que ce dernier (1) soit appliqué sur le trou de mine par friction et/ou liaison de forme. Ensuite, la pression dans le boulon d'ancrage est augmentée de sorte que la pointe avant (15) de la partie d'extrémité (13) est séparée, puis une matière durcissable est injectée dans le trou de mine à travers le boulon ancrage pour colmater des cavités dans la région de l'extrémité du boulon d'ancrage se trouvant au point le plus profond du trou de mine et dans le substrat (sol, roche), dans lequel est fixé le moment d'ancrage, ainsi que des cavités ou des fissures se trouvant dans le substrat adjacent. Une matière à prise hydraulique à base de ciment peut en particulier être utilisée comme matière durcissable.
EP05809165A 2004-12-23 2005-11-24 Procede pour installer des boulons d'ancrage et boulon d'ancrage utilisable avec ledit procede Withdrawn EP1828487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0216404A AT501441A3 (de) 2004-12-23 2004-12-23 Verfahren zum setzen von gebirgsankern und bei diesem verfahren verwenbarer gebirgsanker
PCT/AT2005/000475 WO2006066288A1 (fr) 2004-12-23 2005-11-24 Procede pour installer des boulons d'ancrage et boulon d'ancrage utilisable avec ledit procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1828487A1 true EP1828487A1 (fr) 2007-09-05

Family

ID=35883496

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05809165A Withdrawn EP1828487A1 (fr) 2004-12-23 2005-11-24 Procede pour installer des boulons d'ancrage et boulon d'ancrage utilisable avec ledit procede

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US20080110640A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1828487A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4146878B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20070089895A (fr)
CN (1) CN1922365A (fr)
AT (1) AT501441A3 (fr)
AU (1) AU2005300238A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0506590A (fr)
CA (1) CA2552700A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL176115A0 (fr)
RU (1) RU2317374C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006066288A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200604867B (fr)

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AT9590U1 (de) * 2006-08-17 2007-12-15 Atlas Copco Mai Gmbh Reibrohranker und inflationsadapter für diesen
AT508761B1 (de) * 2009-09-24 2011-04-15 Atlas Copco Mai Gmbh Reibrohranker
AT13228U1 (de) 2011-01-31 2013-08-15 Atlas Copco Mai Gmbh Schutzvorrichtung für (gebirgs-)anker und reibrohranker
EP2721228B1 (fr) * 2011-06-14 2016-04-06 Wathne, John, M. Système de liaison, nettoyage et nouvelle cimentation de maçonnerie à l'aide d'ancres de bâbord
SE535912C2 (sv) * 2011-06-30 2013-02-12 Leif Eriksson Expanderbar bergbult och ett förfarande för tillverkning av en bergbult
KR101134189B1 (ko) 2012-01-09 2012-04-12 주식회사 에스오씨엔지니어링 고 에너지 압착형 록볼트
JP2014084691A (ja) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-12 Nisshin Kokan Kk ロックボルト
CN103074896B (zh) * 2013-01-25 2015-04-01 周卫 抓地装置
US20140234031A1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-21 9187-8850 Québec Inc. Method, kit and system for injecting grout into a borehole, method of deploying a tube into a borehole for grout injection and leader for use in a grout injection system
PL416170A1 (pl) * 2013-07-30 2016-08-16 Dywidag-Systems International Pty Limited Zespół kotwi ciernej
KR101884362B1 (ko) * 2014-03-14 2018-08-01 코오롱글로벌 주식회사 테이퍼형 삽입부를 구비한 락볼트
KR101912346B1 (ko) * 2016-10-07 2018-12-28 코오롱글로벌 주식회사 지반보강구조물 및 그 시공방법
US10669849B2 (en) * 2018-01-05 2020-06-02 Nevada Industrial LLC Rock anchor inflation and draining system
CN109763503B (zh) * 2019-01-29 2020-07-31 长沙理工大学 软岩边坡防渗加固的支护结构及其加固方法
CN112429341A (zh) * 2020-12-22 2021-03-02 安徽万秀园生态农业集团有限公司 一种用于柱状育苗基质端部封口的机构

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA200604867B (en) 2007-11-28
KR20070089895A (ko) 2007-09-04
IL176115A0 (en) 2008-02-09
AT501441A2 (de) 2006-09-15
JP2007519838A (ja) 2007-07-19
JP4146878B2 (ja) 2008-09-10
AU2005300238A1 (en) 2006-07-13
CA2552700A1 (fr) 2006-06-29
RU2317374C1 (ru) 2008-02-20
CN1922365A (zh) 2007-02-28
BRPI0506590A (pt) 2007-05-02
US20080110640A1 (en) 2008-05-15
WO2006066288A1 (fr) 2006-06-29
AT501441A3 (de) 2009-12-15

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