EP1724446A1 - Soupape de moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Soupape de moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1724446A1
EP1724446A1 EP05405346A EP05405346A EP1724446A1 EP 1724446 A1 EP1724446 A1 EP 1724446A1 EP 05405346 A EP05405346 A EP 05405346A EP 05405346 A EP05405346 A EP 05405346A EP 1724446 A1 EP1724446 A1 EP 1724446A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
cooling
coolant
gas exchange
stem
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05405346A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dietmar Schlager
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG filed Critical Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Priority to EP05405346A priority Critical patent/EP1724446A1/fr
Publication of EP1724446A1 publication Critical patent/EP1724446A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/12—Cooling of valves
    • F01L3/16—Cooling of valves by means of a fluid flowing through or along valve, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/12—Cooling of valves
    • F01L3/14—Cooling of valves by means of a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in a valve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas exchange valve for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, and to a method for producing a gas exchange valve according to the preamble of the independent claim of the respective category.
  • the gas exchange valves in particular the intake and exhaust valves of internal combustion engines can be subjected to enormously high thermal and corrosive loads in the operating state.
  • these loads are very high, because the exhaust valves are flowed around by the hot combustion gases, which can cause local damage to the valve in the long term.
  • the loads are especially pronounced in diesel engines, because they usually work with higher ignition pressures than, for example, gasoline engines.
  • valve body of such valves are usually made of very high quality and expensive Alloys made.
  • nickel base alloys such as those sold under the names Nimonic 80A (trademark) and Nimonic 81 (trademark) have been proven.
  • an internally cooled gas exchange valve is known in which from the end of the shaft to the valve plate two longitudinally extending, adjacent channels are incorporated, which serve as a flow and return passages for a cooling medium.
  • a cooling system is provided in the interior of the valve disk, which consists of a system of one or more, extending substantially parallel to the underside of the valve disk in the radial direction cooling tubes.
  • cooling systems for the valve disk consist of cooling channels, starting in the valve plate from a supply line for the coolant, which may be provided for example as a longitudinal bore in the valve stem, starting from the valve stem substantially parallel to the top of the valve disk extend towards the valve plate bottom. That a system of bores in the valve disk area is provided, which lie substantially on an imaginary conical surface, so that the valve disk upper surface with respect to a longitudinal axis in the circumferential direction optimally, i. with respect to the circumferential direction, can be cooled symmetrically.
  • valve plate cooling systems can be provided in one and the same valve plate, which then form a system of nested cooling systems, each of these cooling system can lie on an imaginary conical surface, and each of these imaginary cone has a different opening angle.
  • valve plate cooling is namely common that the cooling holes, they are now arranged as in the DE 42 42 398 A1 proposed, or they are realized in the form of arranged on imaginary conical surfaces cooling channels, made in the solid material Heatsink, usually through the valve plate bottom, must be introduced from the outside.
  • the cooling channels must be drilled from the outside through the valve disc bottom of the valve plate underside with suitable methods in the direction of the valve stem. This inevitably inevitably results in the need to re-close the cooling holes on the Ventitellergeber so that the coolant can not escape from the valve disc bottom in the combustion chamber in the operating state.
  • the z. B. used to drive ships, or stationary serve to generate electrical energy, and in which the valve body of an exhaust valve can have a total length of more than one meter and a diameter of the valve disk, for example, over half a meter, make the manufacturing and maintenance costs is a very important factor.
  • the reliability plays an outstanding role, so that the use of known from the prior art gas exchange valves, for example for use in ships, hardly to represent.
  • the invention thus relates to a gas exchange valve for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, in particular an exhaust valve for a Two-stroke large diesel engine comprising a valve body having a valve plate and a valve stem, wherein the valve stem connects in the axial direction of the valve disc.
  • a cooling system for receiving a coolant is provided, which cooling system in the valve stem in the form of a coolant line and in the valve plate is designed as a valve plate cooling.
  • the coolant line and the valve plate cooling communicate with each other at a connection point such that the coolant is exchangeable between the coolant line and the valve plate cooling.
  • the valve stem is by means of a mechanical connection, ie for example screwed, welded, soldered or other mechanical non-positive or positive connection or mechanically connected in any other suitable manner at the junction with the valve disk.
  • the gas exchange valve is divided into two, namely the gas exchange valve comprises a valve stem and a valve disk, wherein the valve stem and the valve disk are connected to one another at a connection point.
  • the gas exchange valve according to the invention is assembled, in the valve disk starting from the connection point, the valve plate cooling, e.g. in the form of cooling holes.
  • the gas exchange valve after it is assembled on the valve disk itself or on the valve stem no more openings to the combustion chamber out.
  • the known two-part gas exchange valves have an upper part and a lower part, which are mechanically connected to one another at a separation point.
  • the decisive difference with the novel gas exchange valve lies in the fact that in the known valves, the lower part not only comprises the valve disk as such, which is formed substantially as a rotationally symmetrical body, which in a conventional manner, starting from the valve stem, in the radial direction extended. But, the lower part additionally includes a piece of the valve stem, which adjoins the valve disc as a substantially cylindrical body.
  • connection point of the gas exchange valve according to the invention is placed directly at the transition between the actual valve stem and the valve disk.
  • the valve disk cooling e.g. in the form of holes
  • the holes can have a sufficiently large angle of inclination, without the holes penetrate the wall of the valve stem and wherein the holes at the same time sufficiently deep and at a sufficiently large inclination angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the gas exchange valve in the valve disk can be introduced.
  • the valve disk cooling preferably comprises a blind bore in the valve disk.
  • the valve disk cooling does not necessarily have to be made up of only blind bores isolated from each other.
  • one or more bores may also be introduced from the joint, which have different angles of inclination, so that two or more bores, i. Crossing cooling channels, and so there is a kind of networking of the cooling channels, thus not present as pure blind holes.
  • two blind holes are provided, which extend in relation to a longitudinal axis of the valve body on an imaginary conical surface at a predefinable opening angle in the valve disk. It is of course possible that a plurality of nested systems of cooling channels are provided, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the valve body on an imaginary cone surface, or any other suitable Geomotrie, eg a pyramid or as a ramified parallel or non-parallel cooling system, each under different predefinable opening angles extend into the valve disk.
  • Geomotrie eg a pyramid or as a ramified parallel or non-parallel cooling system
  • the cooling channels for example, all be provided as a separate blind holes, or it is also possible that in special cases two or more cooling channels by a suitable choice of mutual inclination angle or orientation communicate with each other, so that there is a cross-linking of the cooling channels with each other.
  • the cooling system in the valve body may be present as a closed cooling system, which contains, for example, in a conventional manner an easy to evaporate coolant, such as sodium as a coolant which condenses in the operating condition preferably in the valve head in the Ventililtellerkühlung first, then by Heat absorption evaporates and rises into the coolant line to condense there again and returns to the cooling back into the Ventililtellerkühlung.
  • an easy to evaporate coolant such as sodium as a coolant which condenses in the operating condition preferably in the valve head in the Ventililtellerkühlung first, then by Heat absorption evaporates and rises into the coolant line to condense there again and returns to the cooling back into the Ventililtellerkühlung.
  • other coolants can also be used for a closed cooling system, and all other closed coolant circuits known per se in preferred exemplary embodiments of the gas exchange valve according to the invention can also be realized.
  • the cooling system may also be an open cooling system, so that the coolant is interchangeable with an external coolant supply.
  • Suitable coolants are, for example, water or oils, alcohol, metals or other suitable coolants, which can be cooled, for example, by external flow cooling systems, such as suitable flow coolers.
  • gases can also be used advantageously as coolant.
  • fluids are used as a coolant, which is already available in the reciprocating internal combustion engine, for example, lubricating oils, which then additionally perform the function of cooling the gas exchange valve.
  • the coolant does not necessarily have to be closed, for example via a flow cooler outside the cooling system.
  • It may also be a fully open cooling system, in which a coolant is removed from a supply, for example from a lubricant reservoir, is passed through the gas exchange valve for cooling, and then another task, eg the lubrication of certain machine parts is supplied.
  • a coolant is removed from a supply, for example from a lubricant reservoir, is passed through the gas exchange valve for cooling, and then another task, eg the lubrication of certain machine parts is supplied.
  • a first coolant line for supplying coolant in the Ventililtellerkühlung and a second coolant line for the discharge of coolant from the Ventililtellerkühlung can be provided in a conventional manner in the valve stem, a first coolant line for supplying coolant in the Ventililtellerkühlung and a second coolant line for the discharge of coolant from the Ventililtellerkühlung.
  • the coolant line can be connected to the valve disk cooling by means of a connecting part, in particular by means of a heat-resistant ceramic connecting tube.
  • a connecting part in particular by means of a heat-resistant ceramic connecting tube.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a gas exchange valve for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, comprising a valve body having a valve disk and a valve stem, wherein the valve stem is connected in the axial direction of the valve disk, and in the valve body, a cooling system is provided for receiving a coolant, which cooling system in the valve stem is designed in the form of a coolant line and in the valve disk as valve disk cooling.
  • Coolant line and the valve disc cooling at a junction by means of a mechanical connection, for example by screwing, welding, soldering or be brought in any other suitable type of mechanical connection, between the valve stem and the valve disc with each other in such a way that the coolant between the coolant line and the Valve plate cooling is replaced in the operating state, wherein bores are introduced for receiving coolant in the valve plate.
  • a mechanical connection for example by screwing, welding, soldering or be brought in any other suitable type of mechanical connection
  • the bores which are designed as cooling channels, introduced from the connection point in the valve disk at a predetermined angle, the holes penetrate at no point an outer wall of the valve disk, so that in the valve disk Ventililtellerkühlung is prepared, which without further sealing measures for Combustion chamber is already sealed towards.
  • At least two blind bores are introduced into the valve disk prior to the production of the mechanical connection from the valve stem to the valve disk, which extend into the valve disk at an imaginary cone angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of the valve body on an imaginary cone surface.
  • valve stem and valve disc in a conventional manner by means of a joining technique, in particular by means of friction welding, ion welding or laser welding or by means of a screw or connector or other mechanical non-positive or positive connection can be made.
  • a joining technique in particular by means of friction welding, ion welding or laser welding or by means of a screw or connector or other mechanical non-positive or positive connection
  • Establishing a mechanical connection between an upper part and a lower part of a two-part valve is known per se and for example in the EP 0 971 087 B1 for a non-internally cooled valve divided in the valve stem.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a known from the prior art one-piece internally cooled gas exchange valve 1 '.
  • the reference numerals in Fig. 1 in which a known valve 1 'is shown, are provided with an apostrophe, while the reference numerals in Fig. 2, showing a valve according to the invention, not with an apostrophe are provided.
  • the known from the prior art internally cooled gas exchange valve 1 'of Figure 1 comprises a valve body 2' with a valve plate 3 'and a valve stem 4' in one-piece design. For reasons of clarity, only the parts and sections of the gas exchange valve 1 'that are essential for understanding are shown.
  • the gas exchange valve 1 ' has in the valve stem 4' for supplying and / or discharge of coolant, a coolant line 51 ', which is connected to a valve plate cooling 52' for the exchange of coolant.
  • the valve plate cooling 52 ' is in the form of bores 52' which extend on an imaginary cone surface at a predeterminable angle ⁇ 'against a longitudinal axis L' of the valve stem 4 'from the coolant line 51' into the valve plate 52 '.
  • the bores 52 ' are not blind bores in the sense of the present invention, since the bores 52' have been introduced into the valve disk 3 'from the underside 53' and thus, if no sealing measures are taken, the valve disk cooling 52 'has open connections has in the form of bores 52 'in the combustion chamber, not shown here, a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
  • the bores 52' are closed by grafting 7 '.
  • the plugs 7 ' were introduced after the introduction of the bores 52' in the valve disk 3 'in the bores 52'.
  • the plugs 52 ' are preferably made of suitable metals or alloys, which are introduced, for example, in liquid or plastic form in the holes 52' and solidify there to plug 7 ', which close the holes 52'.
  • the gas exchange valve 1 may, in particular, be an exhaust valve 1 of a two-stroke large diesel engine, eg a large diesel engine type MC / MCC-C from MAN B & W or a large diesel engine from Wärtsilä of the Sulzer-RTA-Flex type or an intake or exhaust valve 1 from another reciprocating internal combustion engine Be it a large engine or an engine of a car or a truck, either a diesel, a gasoline-powered or a gas-powered engine.
  • a two-stroke large diesel engine eg a large diesel engine type MC / MCC-C from MAN B & W or a large diesel engine from Wärtsilves of the Sulzer-RTA-Flex type
  • the inventive internally cooled gas exchange valve 1 of FIG. 2 comprises a valve disk 3 and a valve stem 4 in two-part design. For reasons of clarity, only the parts and sections of the gas exchange valve 1 essential for understanding are shown.
  • the gas exchange valve 1 has in the valve stem 4 for supplying and / or discharge of coolant, a coolant line 51, which with a Valve cell cooling 52 is connected to the exchange of coolant and together form the cooling system 5 of the gas exchange shuttle valve 1.
  • the valve plate cooling 52 is in the form of holes 521 formed on an imaginary cone surface at a predetermined angle ⁇ against a longitudinal axis L of the valve body 2, which is identical to the axis of symmetry of the valve stem 4, from the coolant line 51 into the valve disk third extend.
  • blind bores 521 in the sense of the present invention, since the bores 521 were not introduced into the valve disk 3 from the underside 53 and thus no additional sealing measures must be taken to prevent open connections in the combustion chamber, not shown here, a reciprocating internal combustion engine arise. Rather, the bores 521 were introduced prior to assembly of the valve body 2 from the separation point 6 ago in the valve disk 3, wherein the bores 521 of the Ventililtellerkühlung 52 are designed according to the invention as blind holes 521, that is, they pierce at any point an outer surface of the valve disk 3, In particular not the underside 53 of the valve disk 3, so that the blind holes 521 of the valve disk cooling 52, unlike in the prior art, need not be sealed or closed by additional measures.
  • a two-part, internally cooled gas exchange valve is proposed by the present invention, which on the one hand production technology with little effort, and thus is particularly economical to produce and on the other hand excellent cooling properties, both in terms of the amount of dissipated heat per unit time, and what the symmetry the cooling, in particular in the region of the valve disk concerns.
  • the inventive gas exchange valve thus has particularly good mechanical and thermal properties and is excellent against, mechanical, thermal, chemical and corrosive effects protected, since no additional expansion or connection points for the closure of the cooling holes are necessary because the cooling system can be easily worked out without further measures, from the full material of the valve disk.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Details Of Valves (AREA)
EP05405346A 2005-05-17 2005-05-17 Soupape de moteur à combustion interne Withdrawn EP1724446A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405346A EP1724446A1 (fr) 2005-05-17 2005-05-17 Soupape de moteur à combustion interne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405346A EP1724446A1 (fr) 2005-05-17 2005-05-17 Soupape de moteur à combustion interne

Publications (1)

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EP1724446A1 true EP1724446A1 (fr) 2006-11-22

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EP05405346A Withdrawn EP1724446A1 (fr) 2005-05-17 2005-05-17 Soupape de moteur à combustion interne

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EP (1) EP1724446A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013210897A1 (de) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-11 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gebauten Hohlventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102016206676A1 (de) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-20 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schweißnaht mittels Laserschweißen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB122171A (en) * 1918-01-10 1920-05-18 Domestic Engineering Company Improvements in Cooling Devices for Valves and other Devices.
DE2240572A1 (de) * 1972-08-18 1974-02-28 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Mit waermeleitfluessigkeit gefuelltes ventil
DE2727006A1 (de) * 1977-06-15 1978-12-21 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Tellerventil mit innenkuehlung, insbesondere auslassventil fuer hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen
JPS59108813A (ja) * 1982-12-14 1984-06-23 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気弁装置
DE4242398A1 (de) 1992-12-09 1994-06-16 Siegfried Pusch Kühlvorrichtung für Ein- und/oder Auslaßventile, insbesondere Pilzventile
EP0971097B1 (fr) 1998-07-08 2004-02-25 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Soupape pour moteur à combustion interne

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB122171A (en) * 1918-01-10 1920-05-18 Domestic Engineering Company Improvements in Cooling Devices for Valves and other Devices.
DE2240572A1 (de) * 1972-08-18 1974-02-28 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Mit waermeleitfluessigkeit gefuelltes ventil
DE2727006A1 (de) * 1977-06-15 1978-12-21 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Tellerventil mit innenkuehlung, insbesondere auslassventil fuer hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen
JPS59108813A (ja) * 1982-12-14 1984-06-23 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気弁装置
DE4242398A1 (de) 1992-12-09 1994-06-16 Siegfried Pusch Kühlvorrichtung für Ein- und/oder Auslaßventile, insbesondere Pilzventile
EP0971097B1 (fr) 1998-07-08 2004-02-25 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Soupape pour moteur à combustion interne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 227 (M - 332) 18 October 1984 (1984-10-18) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013210897A1 (de) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-11 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gebauten Hohlventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102016206676A1 (de) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-20 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schweißnaht mittels Laserschweißen

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