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Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of the compounds of the formula
• R 2 (CH 2 ) n Het, (CH 2 ) n Ar, cycloalkyl with 3 to 7 C atoms or CF 3l
• R 5 H or A A unsubstituted or substituted by shark or CN straight-chain or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl 4 to 7 carbon atoms,
• Het an organic radical containing heteroatoms in particular an unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by A and / or shark, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic mono- or bicyclic heterocyclic or a linear radical containing one or two heteroatoms and having 1 to 15 carbon atoms,
• Ar is an aromatic organic radical, in particular an unsubstituted or singly or multiply by A and / or
• n 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5
• the object of the invention was to find compounds which can be used for the production of medicaments. It has been found that the compounds of the formula I and their salts and solvates have very valuable pharmacological properties with good tolerability.
• the invention relates in particular to the compounds mentioned in the examples, which have the properties and properties which are described in the present application
• the compounds of the formula I according to the invention are particularly suitable as ligands of 5 HT receptors, in particular of 5 HT2A and / or 5HT2C receptors, and can be used in human and veterinary medicine for the prophylaxis and treatment of various diseases of the central nervous system, such as e.g. Schizophrenia, Depression, Dementia, Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Lewy Bodies Dementia, Huntington's, Tourette's Syndrome, Anxiety, Learning and
• the compounds of the formula I and / or their physiologically acceptable salts or solvates are particularly preferred for the preparation of a medicament for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of psychoses, neurological disorders, amyotrophic lateral skierosis, eating disorders such as bulimia, nervous anorexia, premenstrual syndrome and / or positive influence on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
• psychoses neurological disorders, amyotrophic lateral skierosis, eating disorders such as bulimia, nervous anorexia, premenstrual syndrome and / or positive influence on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
• OCD obsessive-compulsive disorder
• the compounds have a central nervous system.
• the compounds have a strong affinity for 5-HT 2A receptors, furthermore they show 5-HT 2A receptor antagonistic properties.
• test can be used, for example, for in-vitro detection of the affinity for 5-HT 2A receptors.
• the ⁇ -HT ⁇ Receptors are exposed to both [ 3 H] ketanserin (a substance known for its affinity for the receptor) and the test compound.
• the decrease in the affinity of [ 3 H] ketanserin for the receptor is an indication of the affinity of the test substances for the 5-HT 2 A receptor.
• the proof is made analogously to the description by JE Leysen et al.,
• the effectiveness of the compounds of the invention as 5-HT 2A receptor antagonists can be used in vitro analog W. Feniuk et al, Mechanisms of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced vasoconstriction in. The Peripheral Actions of 5-Hydroxytryptamine, ed Fozard JR, Oxford. University Press, New York, 1989, p.110.
• the contractility of the rat tail artery, caused by 5-hydroxytryptamine is mediated by 5-HT 2 A receptors.
• vascular rings prepared from the ventral rat tail artery, are perfused in an organ bath with an oxygen-saturated solution. A response to the cumulative concentration of 5-HT is obtained by adding increasing concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine to the solution. Then the test compound in suitable concentrations in the
• the 5-HT 2A antagonistic property can be determined in vivo analogously to MDSerdar et al., Psychopharmacology, 1996, 128: 198-205.
• the compounds of the formula I are therefore suitable both in veterinary and in human medicine for the treatment of functional disorders of the central nervous system and of inflammation. They can be used for prophylaxis and for combating the consequences of cerebral infarction (apoplexia cerebri) such as stroke and cerebral ischemia, as well as for the treatment of extrapyramidal-motor side effects of neuroleptics and Parkinson's disease, for the acute and symptomatic therapy of Alzheimer's disease and for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral Sclerosis can be used. They are also suitable as therapeutic agents for the treatment of brain and spinal cord trauma.
• OCD e.g. WO 9524194
• anxiety and physiological changes associated with anxiety such as Tachycardia, tremor or sweating (e.g. EP 319962), panic attacks, psychoses, schizophrenia, anorexia, compulsive delusions, agoraphobia, migraines, Alzheimer's disease, sleep disorders as well as sleep apnea, tardive dyskinesias, learning disorders, age-related memory disorders, e.g. drug abuse disorders such as bulimia disorders alcohol, opiates, nicotine, psychostimulants such as Cocaine or amphetamines (e.g. US 6004980), sexual dysfunction, all types of pain and fibromyalgia (e.g. WO 9946245).
• Tachycardia tremor or sweating
• panic attacks e.g. EP 319962
• psychoses schizophrenia, anorexia, compulsive delusions, agoraphobia, migraines, Alzheimer's disease, sleep disorders as well as sleep apnea,
• EPS extrapyramidal side effects
• EPS is characterized by Parkinson's-like syndromes, akathisia and dystonic reactions (e.g. EP 337136). They are also suitable for the treatment of nervous anorexia, angina,
• Reynaud's phenomenon coronary vasospasm, in the prophylaxis of migraines (e.g. EP 208235), pain and neuralgia (e.g. EP 320983), for the treatment of Rett syndrome with autistic traits, Asperger's syndrome, autism and autistic disorders, in cases of poor concentration, Developmental disorders, hyperactivity states with mental underdevelopment and stereotypical behavioral states (eg WO 9524194).
• endocrine diseases such as hyperprolactinaemia, also for vasospasm, thrombotic
• the compounds according to the invention are further suitable for reducing the intraocular pressure and for glaucoma treatment. They are also suitable for the prophylaxis and treatment of poisoning symptoms when ergovalin is administered to animals.
• the compounds are also suitable for the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system (WO 99/11641, page 3, lines 14-15).
• the compounds according to the invention can also be used together with other active substances in the treatment of schizophrenia.
• Other compounds which may be used are the compounds mentioned in WO 99/11641 on page 13, lines 20-26.
• the compounds of formula I can be used as active pharmaceutical ingredients in human and veterinary medicine. They can also be used as intermediates for the production of further active pharmaceutical ingredients.
• the invention accordingly relates to the use of the compounds of the formula I in human and veterinary medicine.
• the compounds of formula I are preferably prepared by firstly preparing a compound of formula II
• R 1 and X have the meanings given above, with a compound of the formula III
• R 1 and X have the meanings given above, with a compound of the formula IV
• the compounds of formula IA and IB can be obtained by using reducing agents such as e.g. Lithium aluminum hydride in the corresponding alcohols of the formulas IC and ID
• the compounds of the formulas IE and IF can in turn be prepared using known nucleophiles, such as nitrogen bases, in particular hydroxylamine, O-methylhydroxylamine, morpholine, piperidine, piperain, N-ivlethylpiperazine, 4-methylpiperain-1-ylarnine, pyrrolidine, Pyrazolidine or Imida ⁇ olidin, optionally aminated in the presence of a reducing agent such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride or reacted to the corresponding imines.
• nucleophiles such as nitrogen bases, in particular hydroxylamine, O-methylhydroxylamine, morpholine, piperidine, piperain, N-ivlethylpiperazine, 4-methylpiperain-1-ylarnine, pyrrolidine, Pyrazolidine or Imida ⁇ olidin, optionally aminated in the presence of a reducing agent such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride or reacted to the corresponding imines.
• the compounds of the formulas IE and IF can be converted by Wittig reaction with methoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium salts to the corresponding enol ethers, which by treatment with an acid in the homologated aldehydes IG and IH
• the compounds of the formulas IG and IH can be converted analogously to the compounds of the formulas IE and IF to the further compounds of the formula I.
• Solvates of the compounds of the formula I are understood to mean the addition of inert solvent molecules to the compounds of the formula I, which are formed on account of their mutual attraction. Solvates are e.g. Mono- or dihydrates or alcoholates.
• R 1 preferably represents A, shark, (CH 2 ) n Het or (CH 2 ) n Ar, in particular A, (CH 2 ) n Het or (CH 2 ) n Ar.
• R 1 very particularly preferably denotes phenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-cyanophenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-fluorophenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl- or n-butylphenyl , 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4-, 3,5- or 3,6-difluoro-, dichloro- or dicyanophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl , 3,4,5-
• R 2 preferably denotes (CH 2 ) n Het, (CH 2 ) nNHA, (CH 2 ) nNHCH 2 Het or (CH 2 ) n Ar, in particular (CH 2 ) n Het, (CH 2 ) n NHA, (CH 2 ) n NHCH 2 Het.
• R 2 very particularly preferably denotes phenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-cyanophenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-fluorophenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl- or n-butylphenyl , 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-difluoro- or dicyanophenyl, thiophene-2-yl or thiophene-3-yl, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, 2-, 4- or 5-oxazolyl, 2-, 4- or 5-thiazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, 2- or 4-pyridazyl, 2-, 4- or 5-
• R 4 particularly preferably denotes H.
• R 5 preferably has the meaning A.
• A is preferably alkyl, is preferably unbranched and has 1, 2, 3,
• 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 carbon atoms preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms and preferably means methyl, ethyl, n- or propyl, further preferably isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl, but also n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl or n-hexyl. Is particularly preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl 'pyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl or n-decyl.
• A also preferably has the meaning of the group (CH 2 ) m OCH 3 or (CH 2 ) m C 2 H 5 , where m is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, but in particular 2.
• A is alkenyl, it is preferably allyl, 2- or 3-butenyl, isobutenyl, sec-butenyl, 4-pentenyl, iso-
• Het is preferably an unsubstituted or aromatic and in particular saturated heterocyclic radical which is substituted by A.
• Het preferably denotes 1-piperidyl, 1-piperazyl, 1- (4-methyl) -piperazyl, 4-
• Het is particularly preferably one of the following radicals:
• Ar preferably denotes an unsubstituted or by shark, OH, CN,
• n is preferably 0, 1 or 2, in particular 0 or 1.
• Cycloalkyl preferably has 3-7 C atoms and preferably represents cyclopropyl and cyclobutyl, further preferably cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl, furthermore also cycloheptyl, cyclopentyl is particularly preferred.
• the compounds of the formula I have one or more chiral carbon atoms, the enantiomers, diastereomers and mixtures thereof are the subject of the present invention.
• the invention relates in particular to those compounds of the formula I in which at least one of the radicals mentioned has one of the preferred meanings indicated above.
• Some preferred groups of compounds can be expressed by the following partial formulas 11 to 19, which correspond to the formula I and in which the radicals which are not specified are those given in the formula I.
• R 1 is (CH 2 ) n Het or (CH 2 ) ⁇ Ar;
• R 2 is (CH 2 ) n Ar
• R 1 is (CH 2 ) n Ar R 2 (CH 2 ) n Ar;
• R 2 (CH 2 ) ⁇ Ar R 4 H R 3 (CHzJn-Het, (CH 2 ) n NHA, (CH 2 ) n NHCH 2 -Het, (CH 2 ) n CO 2 R 5 , (CH 2 ) n CO-Het, CHO, CH 2 OR 5 , (CH 2 ) n -Het, (CH 2 ) n N (R 5 ) 2 or CH N-OA;
• Hexyl or n-decyl n is 0, 1 or 2;
• R 3 H R 4 (CH 2 ) nCO 2 R 5 , (CH 2 ) n CO-Het, CHO, CH 2 OR 5 , (CH 2 ) ⁇ -Het,
• Hexyl or n-decyl n is 0, 1 or 2;
• the compounds of the formula I and also the starting materials for their preparation are otherwise prepared by methods known per se, as described in the literature (for example in the standard works such as Houben-Weyl, methods of organic chemistry, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart) , are described, namely under reaction conditions which are known and suitable for the reactions mentioned. Use can also be made of variants which are known per se and are not mentioned here in detail.
• the compound of formula III is preferably by reacting
• R 2 and A have the meaning given above, obtained under conditions known for such reactions.
• the starting materials can also be formed in situ, so that they are not isolated from the reaction mixture, but instead are immediately reacted further to give the compounds of the formula I.
• the reactions of the compounds of the formula II with the compounds of the formula III and the compounds of the formula IV are carried out in the presence or absence of a preferably inert solvent at temperatures between about -20 and about 150 °, preferably between 20 and 100 °.
• Suitable inert solvents are e.g. Hydrocarbons such as hexane, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene or xylene; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichlorethylene, 1, 2-dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform or
• dichloromethane Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, n-butanol or tert-butanol; Ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF) or dioxane; Glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether (methyl glycol or ethyl glycol), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme); Ketones such as acetone or butanone; Amides such as acetamide, dimethylacetamide or dimethylformamide (DMF); Nitriles such as acetonitrile; Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); Nitro compounds such as nitromethane or nitrobenzene; Esters such as ethyl acetate or mixtures of the solvents mentioned.
• Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isoprop
• the pH value required for the reaction can be adjusted on the basis of pH values selected for similar reactions of carbonyl with amino compounds.
• the pH is preferably predetermined by the use of the respective acid addition salt, preferably a hydrogen halide addition salt of the compound of the formula II, ie there is no additional base or acid addition for reaction mix.
• Preferred acid addition salts are hydrochlorides or bromides
• a base of the formula I can be converted into the associated acid addition salt using an acid, for example by reacting equivalent amounts of the base and the acid in an inert solvent such as ethano! and then evaporating.
• acids that provide physiologically acceptable salts are suitable for this implementation.
• So inorganic acids can be used, e.g. Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrohalic acids such as hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acids such as orthophosphoric acid, sulfamic acid, also organic acids, especially aliphatic, alicyclic, araliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic mono- or polybasic carboxylic, sulfonic or sulfuric acids, e.g. Formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, pivalic acid, diethyl acetic acid,
• the free bases of formula I can be liberated from their salts with bases (e.g. sodium or potassium hydroxide or carbonate).
• the preferred object of the invention is the use of the compounds of formula I and / or their physiologically acceptable
• Salts and / or solvates for the production of pharmaceutical preparations, for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases which can be influenced by the binding of the compounds of the formula I to 5 HT receptors, in particular in a non-chemical way. They can be used together with at least one solid, liquid and / or semi-liquid
• Carrier or auxiliary and optionally in combination with an or several other active ingredients are brought into a suitable dosage form.
• the invention further relates to pharmaceutical preparations containing at least one compound of the formula I and / or one of its physiologically acceptable salts and / or solvates for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases which are influenced by the binding of the compounds of the formula I to 5 HT receptors ,
• Suitable carriers are organic or inorganic substances which are suitable for enteral (e.g. oral), parenteral or topical application and do not react with the new compounds, for example water, vegetable oils, benzyl alcohols, alkylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, glycerol triacetate,
• Gelatin carbohydrates such as lactose or starch, magnesium stearate, talc, petroleum jelly. Tablets, pills, dragees, capsules, powders, granules, syrups, juices or drops are used for oral use, suppositories for rectal use, solutions, preferably oily or aqueous solutions, and suspensions for parenteral use.
• Emulsions or implants for topical application of ointments, creams or powders.
• the new compounds can also be lyophilized and the lyophilizates obtained e.g. can be used for the production of injectables.
• the specified preparations can be sterilized and / or contain auxiliaries such as lubricants, preservatives, stabilizers and / or wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts for influencing the osmotic pressure, buffer substances, coloring, flavoring and / or one or more further active ingredients, eg one or more vitamins.
• the substances according to the invention are generally preferably administered in doses between 1 and 500 mg, in particular between 5 and 100 mg, per dosage unit.
• the daily dosage is preferably between about 0.02 and 10 mg / kg body weight.
• the specific dose for each patient depends on a wide variety of factors, for example on the effectiveness of the particular compound used, on age, body weight, in general Health status, gender, the diet, the time and route of administration, the rate of excretion, the combination of drugs and the severity of the disease to which the therapy applies. Oral application is preferred.
• Preferred compounds of the formula I have nanomolar affinity for the 5 HT2A receptors, some with low affinity for the 5 HT2C receptor.
• customary work-up means: if necessary, water is added, extracted with ethyl acetate or dichloromethane, the mixture is separated off, the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate, evaporated and purified by chromatography on silica gel and / or by crystallization.
• a solution of 2.090 g 9 in 25 ml THF is added dropwise to a suspension of 1.139 g lithium aluminum hydride in 25 ml tetrahydrofuran with stirring and ice cooling under a nitrogen atmosphere. After stirring for 1 h, a further 0.500 g of lithium aluminum hydride are added. After stirring for a further 2 h, saturated sodium chloride solution is added dropwise while cooling with ice and the mixture is worked up in the customary manner, giving 10.
• Methyl hydroxylamine hydrochloride 23 in 8.50 ml dichloroethane and 4.5 ml tetrahydrofuran are added 0.033 ml acetic acid and stirred for 3 hours.
• the mixture is stirred for 3 h and then 130.287 mg of sodium triacetoxyborohydride are added. After stirring for 5 hours, the mixture is worked up in the customary manner, giving 24.
• 0.160 g 17 and 0.087 ml 25 are mixed in a mixture of 3.00 ml dichloroethane and 1.50 ml tetrahydrofuran with 0.026 ml acetic acid and stirred for 3 hours. After the addition of 0.188 g of 26, the mixture is stirred overnight and worked up as usual, whereby 28, the free base of 27, is obtained.
• the hydrochloride 27 can be obtained by reaction with 1 equivalent of a 0.1 M solution of HCl in 2-propanol.
• Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether is given 4.00 ml of an aqueous 2M sodium carbonate solution and 150.00 mg of tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (O). The mixture is refluxed for 3 hours. After cooling, the mixture is worked up as usual, giving 32.
• acetic acid 0.10 ml of acetic acid is added to a solution of 430.00 mg of 34 and 0.210 ml of 35 in 10.0 ml of dichloroethane and 5.0 ml of tetrahydrofuran. The raction mixture is stirred for 3 hours. Then 0.50 g of sodium triacetoborohydride are added, the mixture is stirred for 2 hours and then worked up as usual, whereby the free base of 36 is obtained, from which 36 is obtained in crystalline form by addition of ethereal HCl (mp: 277 ° C. ).

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