EP1264155B1 - Balle deformable pauvre en substances nocives, de preference pour des armes de poing - Google Patents

Balle deformable pauvre en substances nocives, de preference pour des armes de poing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1264155B1
EP1264155B1 EP01905802A EP01905802A EP1264155B1 EP 1264155 B1 EP1264155 B1 EP 1264155B1 EP 01905802 A EP01905802 A EP 01905802A EP 01905802 A EP01905802 A EP 01905802A EP 1264155 B1 EP1264155 B1 EP 1264155B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bullet
approximately
cavity
deformable
bullet according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01905802A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1264155A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Knappworst
Bernd Krause
Erich Muskat
Friedrich Riess
Irene Schikora
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWS GmbH
Original Assignee
RUAG Ammotec GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RUAG Ammotec GmbH filed Critical RUAG Ammotec GmbH
Publication of EP1264155A1 publication Critical patent/EP1264155A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a deformation floor according to the preamble of first claim.
  • a deformation floor is known from WO 01/02791 A2, which in particular is designed for hunting purposes.
  • tapered part of the floor extends in its longitudinal axis a cave, the cross section of which extends from the top starting from narrowed several times.
  • the invention has for its object the external and target ballistics of such Optimize storey.
  • the deformation floor according to the invention consists of a jacket Metal body with a front that tapers towards the top of the projectile Part and a rear, essentially cylindrical part.
  • In the front, yourself tapering part of the projectile extends in the direction of its longitudinal axis Cavity consisting of a cylindrical and at least one attached to it adjoining conical part and a blind hole.
  • the Projectile tip is formed by a so-called ram tappet, which The opening of the projectile closes to the cavity.
  • the break-open ram is there from a head which closes the opening of the top of the floor, to which an in connects the narrowest part of the cavity, the blind hole, extending shaft.
  • a targeted deformation is achieved with the projectile according to the invention.
  • the Break-open plunger with its head opening the cavity in the floor closes, is pressed into the cavity when it hits the target body.
  • there the tapered part of the projectile body becomes from the opening of the cavity from mushroomed.
  • the projectile is deformed into a mushroom-like shape.
  • the Deformation of the projectile body stops when it hits the projectile body acting energy is no longer sufficient for deformation
  • the deformation behavior of the projectile body is determined by the following factors significantly influenced: the composition of the material and its Properties and the geometry of the cavity and the tappet.
  • An annealing treatment with subsequent tempering achieves a tensile strength R m of 250 N / mm 2 to 450 N / mn 2 and a yield strength of R p0.2 of 150 N / mm 2 to 250 N / mm 2 .
  • the material composition and the ratio of yield strength to tensile strength achieved by the heat treatment cause the projectile to deform when it hits the target body without the fear of splitting.
  • the material composition and the subsequent heat treatment lead to optimal deformation behavior, which prevents splinters from tearing off when the projectile body is mushroomed when penetrating into the target body.
  • the mushrooming without tearing off splinters leads to a defined release of energy and thus braking of the projectile in the target body. As a result, apart from within an extremely close range, a bullet through the target body is effectively avoided when using this projectile.
  • the projectile body is tinned on its surface.
  • the thickness of the tin layer is approximately between 1 ⁇ m and 150 ⁇ m, preferably approximately between 2 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m.
  • Tinning improves the sliding properties in the barrel and supports an optimal mushrooming of the projectile body.
  • the deformation behavior of the projectile body continues to be due to its optimal Shape determined, here in particular by the shape of the cavity and the ram tappet closing it.
  • the opening to the cavity of the The ram tappet which closes the projectile body, is composed of one Head and an adjoining shaft.
  • the shaft is usually cylindrical and is guided in the blind hole in the projectile body.
  • the shaft has a diameter of about 2 mm and is opposite Blind hole diameter so much larger that an interference fit takes place. With that at Driving the shaft into the blind hole allows the air in the blind hole to escape the shaft flattened on one side.
  • the head of the break-open plunger is in two halves divided, of which the one facing the projectile body and the opening closing half is conical.
  • the protruding from the floor the second half, the tip or cap has the shape of a parabola in the sectional view. This makes the top of the floor particularly aerodynamic. Furthermore, the Cap of the break-open plunger centered on the longitudinal axis of the projectile body Have hole. Through the hole, the force and the Deformation behavior especially in soft targets intensified.
  • This hole can be cylindrical, conical, conical or rounded. It has a depth of approximately 0.5 mm to 4 mm, preferably from about 1 mm to 2 mm, and a diameter the opening of about 0.5 mm to 4 mm, preferably of about 2 mm.
  • the opening in the tip of the projectile body has a cylindrical shape with a Diameter approximately between 4 mm and 6 mm, preferably approximately between 5 mm and 5.5 mm.
  • the wall thickness in the tip of the projectile body becomes so wide reduced that an optimal mushrooming of the projectile body takes place.
  • the cylindrical part of the The cavity has a length of approximately 2 mm to 7 mm, preferably approximately 3 mm up to 5 mm. This is followed by a conical part of about 1 mm to 2 mm, preferably from about 1.5 mm. This conical part is on the previous one cylindrical part matched in length.
  • the cone angle is approximately between 50 ° and 70 °, preferably at about 60 °. This conical part can still be much shorter conical part with a cone angle that is about twice as large connect before opening in the blind hole to guide the shaft of the Break-open ram passes.
  • the cylindrical bore is at least a few tenths of a millimeter longer than that Shaft of the break-open ram and has a length of about 2 mm to 7 mm, preferably from about 1 mm to 3 mm, and is to the length of the shaft of the Broken ram tuned.
  • the break-open ram is made of a lead-free material. It can for example plastics such as polyethylene (PE) or for example metals such as Tin, zinc, aluminum or copper can be used. Biological are also advantageous degradable plastics.
  • PE polyethylene
  • metals such as Tin, zinc, aluminum or copper
  • Biological are also advantageous degradable plastics.
  • the small amount of lead in the projectile body also contributes to this to avoid toxic contamination of the tissue as far as possible. The Projectile can thus be described as reduced in pollutants.
  • break-open plunger is made of plastic, a metal powder is enclosed in the head of the break-open plunger, which causes a particularly good scattering of X-rays, such as iron or tungsten or the material barium sulfite (BaSO 4 ). This makes it possible to find the break-open plunger again, in particular in the tissue of the target body, when the break-open plunger has separated from the rest of the projectile core due to an unfortunate circumstance.
  • the conical part the head of the break-open plunger is in the opening to the cavity of the Pinched body, which is shaped like a bevel.
  • the impact of the head of the Break-open ram through the opening of the projectile body first in the cylindrical part of the cavity pressed.
  • the conical part of the projectile body meets the tapered conical part Part of the cavity is the penetration of the head of the ram stopped.
  • the cone angle of the tapered part of the head of the ram is a few degrees lower than the cone angle of the conical part of the Cavity of the projectile body so that it completely in this conical part of the Cavity penetrates and is then stopped there.
  • the geometry of the The projectile body and the ram tappet are coordinated so especially in relation to the geometry of the cavity that when the Projectile body in the target body during the expansion of the projectile body itself not broken down into fragments.
  • the depth is about 0.5 mm to 3 mm, preferably about 1 mm to 2 mm.
  • the cone angle is approximately between 70 ° and 120 °, preferably around 90 °.
  • the diameter depends on the cone angle and depth.
  • the The recess can be tapered, but it can also be a circular one Bottom surface can be provided so that the diameter of this bottom surface of about 0 mm to 2 mm can vary, preferably the diameter is about 1 mm.
  • the recess is also matched to the geometry of the projectile body. she favors the flow behavior of the propellant gases and thus stabilizes the Movement of the projectile.
  • the invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.
  • the present exemplary embodiment shows an inventive, sleeveless Deformation bullet (1) for a 9 mm x 19 mm cartridge for use in Small arms, especially in police weapons, on a greatly enlarged scale in Cut.
  • the deformation floor (1) consists of a floor body (2) which, as here not shown, is coated with a thin layer of tin of about 2 microns, and a ram tappet (3) composed of an opening (4) of a Cavity (5) in the tapered part (6) of the projectile body (2) closes.
  • the break-open ram (3) consists of a head (7) and a shaft (8), one has a much smaller diameter than the head (7).
  • the head (7) sits down of a cap (9) forming the tip of the projectile (1) and an opening (4) of the cavity (5) closing, here two-step conical part (10) together.
  • the cap (9) has a for aerodynamic reasons parabolic section profile.
  • the cone angle (11) of the first conical part (12) the head (7) is 56 ° in the present exemplary embodiment. It is the same Angle of the bevel edge (13) of the opening (4) into which the conical part (12) of the head (7) of the break-open plunger (3) is pressed.
  • To the The first conical part (12) of the head (7) closes another conical part (14) with an approximately twice as large cone angle, which in the cylindrical Shaft (8) merges.
  • the shaft (8) has a total length of approximately 5 mm.
  • the cavity (5) in the projectile body (2) is symmetrical to the longitudinal axis (15) of the Projectile body (2) arranged.
  • the cylindrical part (16) of the cavity (5) has present embodiment a diameter (17) of 5.5 mm. Thereby the wall thickness of the tapered part (6) of the projectile body (2) up to , reduced below 1 mm. Due to this small wall thickness Deflection behavior of the projectile body is significantly supported.
  • the length (18) of the cylindrical part (16) of the cavity (5) is in the present Embodiment 3 mm. This is followed by a first conical part (19) of 1.5 mm length (20).
  • the cone angle (21) is 60 ° and is therefore present Embodiment 4 ° smaller than the cone angle (11) of the first conical Part (10) of the head (7) of the break-open plunger (3).
  • This first conical part (19) stops the ram tappet (3) from penetrating further into the projectile body (2) when hitting a target body.
  • the first conical part (19) is followed by a second conical part (22) of a few tenths of a millimeter in length. Its cone angle (23) is 120 ° here twice the cone angle (21) of the first conical part (19).
  • the second conical part (22) guides with a chamfer (24) for easier insertion of the shaft (8) into the blind hole (25).
  • the blind hole (25) serves to guide the shaft (8) and is only a few tenths of a millimeter longer than this.
  • the diameter (26) of the Blind hole (25) is 1.9 mm and is about 0.1 mm less than that Diameter (33) of the shaft (8), so that this by a clamp in the Blind hole (25) is held.
  • With (35) is a flattening of the shaft (8) referred to, the escape when driving the shaft into the blind hole (25) the air.
  • the first step is the head (7) of the break-open plunger (3) is pressed into the cavity (5).
  • the first conical part (12) of the head (7) presses the material of the wall of the cylindrical part (16) of the cavity (5) to the outside, so that this at Penetration into the target body without tearing and thus without splintering, mushrooms against the direction of penetration towards the end of the floor (27).
  • the Break-open plunger (3) is through its shaft (8) in the backward movement in the Blind hole (25) performed. This causes an even mushrooming of the Projectile body (2).
  • the movement of the break-open ram (3) is then stopped, when the first conical part (12) of the break-open plunger (3) on the wall of the first conical part (19) of the cavity (5) occurs.
  • the Projectile body (2) At the tail end (27) is centered on the longitudinal axis (15) of the Projectile body (2) has a recess (28). It is conical, the cone angle (29) Is 90 °. At the bottom of the depression there is a circular surface (30) a diameter (31) of 1 mm. The depth (32) of the depression is present embodiment about 2 mm, its diameter (34) about 5 mm. This deepening expands, especially when firing, the outflow of the Influence propellant gases and the movement of the deformation floor (1) too stabilize.
  • the cap (9) of the break-open tappet (3) is centered on the longitudinal axis (15) of the projectile body (2) has a cylindrical bore (36). She has with present exemplary embodiment a depth (37) of 1.5 mm and a Diameter (38) of 2 mm. Through the hole, the force and the Deformation behavior especially in soft targets intensified.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Balle déformable avec une partie avant effilée en direction de la pointe de la balle et une partie arrière essentiellement cylindrique, la balle (1) étant formée d'un corps de balle (2) non chemisé, dans la partie avant (5) effilée de laquelle est prévue une cavité (5) qui s'étend de manière centrée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (15) de la balle, la cavité (5) comprenant une portion cylindrique (16) et au moins une portion conique (19) située à la suite de celle-ci, un coulisseau-refouloir (3) formant la pointe de la balle, lequel coulisseau-refouloir (3) se compose d'une tête (7) qui ferme l'ouverture (4) de la cavité (5) et d'une tige (8) qui s'étend à l'intérieur de la cavité (5), la tête (7) reposant avec sa portion conique (12) sur le bord (13) conformé en chanfrein de l'ouverture (4) côté cavité (5), l'angle de cône (11) et l'angle de chanfrein étant égaux.
  2. Balle déformable selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la portion (12) de la tête (7) du coulisseau-refouloir (3) qui ferme l'ouverture (4) de la cavité (5) présente un angle de cône (11) d'environ 40° à 75°, de préférence d'environ 50° à 65°.
  3. Balle déformable selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par le fait que la portion cylindrique (16) de la cavité (5) a une longueur d'environ 2 mm à 7 mm, de préférence d'environ 3 mm à 5 mm et que son diamètre est compris environ entre 4 mm et 6 mm, de préférence environ entre 5 mm et 5,5 mm.
  4. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait que l'angle (21) de la portion conique (19) de la cavité (5) est compris environ entre 50° et 70°, de préférence est d'environ 60°.
  5. Balle déformable selon la revendication 4, caractérisée par le fait que l'angle (21) de la portion conique (19) de la cavité (5) est supérieur de quelques degrés d'angle à l'angle de cône (1) de la portion conique (12) de la tête (7) du coulisseau-refouloir (3).
  6. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée par le fait que la portion conique (19) de la cavité (5) a une longueur d'environ 1 mm à 2 mm, de préférence a une longueur d'environ 1,5 mm.
  7. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée par le fait que la tige (8) du coulisseau-refouloir (3) est tenue par ajustement serré dans le trou non débouchant (25).
  8. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisée par le fait que la tige du coulisseau-refouloir (3) a une longueur d'environ 2 mm à 7 mm, de préférence a une longueur d'environ 1 mm à 3 mm.
  9. Balle déformable selon la revendication 8, caractérisée par le fait que le trou non débouchant (25) est adapté à la longueur de la tige (8) et est plus long que celle-ci de quelques dizièmes de millimètre.
  10. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée par le fait que l'arrière (27) de la balle, de manière centrée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (15), présente une dépression (28) conique avec un angle de cône compris entre environ 70° et 120°, de préférence d'environ 90°.
  11. Balle déformable selon la revendication 10, caractérisée par le fait que la profondeur de la dépression (28) est d'environ 0,5 mm à 3 mm, de préférence d'environ 1 mm à 2 mm.
  12. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisée par le fait que la dépression (28), au fond, se termine par une surface circulaire (30) avec un diamètre d'environ 0 mm à 2 mm, de préférence d'environ 1 mm.
  13. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée par le fait que la composition du matériau du corps de balle (2) est la suivante : 55% à 100% de cuivre, 0% à 45% de zinc et 0% à 4% de plomb.
  14. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée par le fait que la résistance à la traction Rm du matériau de la balle est de 250 N/mm2 à 450 N/mm2 et sa limite d'élasticité Rp0,2 est de 150 N/mm2 à 250 N/mm2.
  15. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée par le fait que le coulisseau-refouloir (3) est en un matériau qui ne contient pas de plomb.
  16. Balle déformable selon la revendication 15, caractérisée par le fait que les matériaux du coulisseau-refouloir (3) sont des matières plastiques, par exemple du polyéthylène, de préférence des matières plastiques biodégradables ou des métaux, par exemple étain, zinc, aluminium ou cuivre.
  17. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée par le fait que de la poudre de métal est mélangée à une tête (7) du coulisseau-refouloir (3) en matériau non métallique.
  18. Balle déformable selon la revendication 17, caractérisée par le fait que le matériau non métallique est du sulfite de barium (BaSO4).
  19. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisée par le fait que le coulisseau-refouloir (3), dans sa coiffe (9), de manière centrée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (15) du corps de balle (2), comporte un trou cylindrique ou conique ou tronconique ou arrondi avec un diamètre compris entre environ 0,5 mm et 4 mm, de préférence d'environ 2 mm et une profondeur d'environ 0,5 mm à 4 mm, de préférence d'environ 1 mm à 2 mm.
  20. Balle déformable selon une des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de balle (2) est étamé et que la couche d'étain présente une épaisseur d'environ 1 µm à 150 µm, de préférence entre 2 µm et 5 µm.
EP01905802A 2000-03-07 2001-02-20 Balle deformable pauvre en substances nocives, de preference pour des armes de poing Expired - Lifetime EP1264155B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10010500A DE10010500A1 (de) 2000-03-07 2000-03-07 Schadstoffreduziertes Deformationsgeschoß,vorzugsweise für Faustfeuerwaffen
DE10010500 2000-03-07
PCT/EP2001/001868 WO2001067030A1 (fr) 2000-03-07 2001-02-20 Balle deformable pauvre en substances nocives, de preference pour des armes de poing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1264155A1 EP1264155A1 (fr) 2002-12-11
EP1264155B1 true EP1264155B1 (fr) 2004-11-03

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EP01905802A Expired - Lifetime EP1264155B1 (fr) 2000-03-07 2001-02-20 Balle deformable pauvre en substances nocives, de preference pour des armes de poing

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US6971315B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1264155B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4686096B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN100342204C (fr)
AT (1) ATE281642T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU779133B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR0109123B1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ304538B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE10010500A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1264155T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2227128T3 (fr)
HU (1) HU224568B1 (fr)
IL (2) IL151587A0 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA02008678A (fr)
PL (1) PL196016B1 (fr)
PT (1) PT1264155E (fr)
TR (1) TR200202140T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001067030A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200207998B (fr)

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AU2015288295C1 (en) * 2014-04-30 2020-02-13 G9 Holdings, Llc Projectile with enhanced ballistics
US9341455B2 (en) * 2014-06-06 2016-05-17 Lehigh Defense, LLC Expanding subsonic projectile and cartridge utilizing same
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BR0109123B1 (pt) 2010-06-15
ES2227128T3 (es) 2005-04-01
PT1264155E (pt) 2005-02-28
HUP0301007A2 (en) 2003-08-28
CZ20023019A3 (cs) 2003-06-18
US20040025737A1 (en) 2004-02-12
CN1452712A (zh) 2003-10-29
TR200202140T2 (tr) 2003-02-21
CZ304538B6 (cs) 2014-06-25
EP1264155A1 (fr) 2002-12-11
DE10010500A1 (de) 2001-09-13
WO2001067030A1 (fr) 2001-09-13
BR0109123A (pt) 2002-11-26
PL360199A1 (en) 2004-09-06
JP4686096B2 (ja) 2011-05-18
CN100342204C (zh) 2007-10-10
JP2003526073A (ja) 2003-09-02
ZA200207998B (en) 2003-10-06
ATE281642T1 (de) 2004-11-15
AU779133B2 (en) 2005-01-06
PL196016B1 (pl) 2007-11-30
US6971315B2 (en) 2005-12-06
DK1264155T3 (da) 2005-02-14
IL151587A0 (en) 2003-04-10
AU3378601A (en) 2001-09-17
MXPA02008678A (es) 2005-06-20
IL151587A (en) 2007-02-11
DE50104393D1 (de) 2004-12-09
HU224568B1 (hu) 2005-10-28

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