EP1152852B1 - Dispositif de fabrication de demi-produits et de pieces moulees a partir d'une matiere metallique - Google Patents

Dispositif de fabrication de demi-produits et de pieces moulees a partir d'une matiere metallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1152852B1
EP1152852B1 EP00907593A EP00907593A EP1152852B1 EP 1152852 B1 EP1152852 B1 EP 1152852B1 EP 00907593 A EP00907593 A EP 00907593A EP 00907593 A EP00907593 A EP 00907593A EP 1152852 B1 EP1152852 B1 EP 1152852B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extruder
cylinder
metallic material
injection
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00907593A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1152852A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Dworog
Erwin BÜRKLE
Hans Wobbe
Rainer Zimmet
Jochen Zwiesele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krauss Maffei Kunststofftechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Krauss Maffei Kunststofftechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1152852A1 publication Critical patent/EP1152852A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S164/00—Metal founding
    • Y10S164/90—Rheo-casting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing Semi-finished and molded parts made of metallic material with a Extruder for producing a metal stream and the extruder Downstream facilities for shaping the semi-finished and Moldings.
  • a device of this type for die casting of moldings is from EP 0 080 787, in which a metallic material with dendritic properties, for example a magnesium alloy, brought into a thixotropic state in an extruder becomes.
  • the metallic material has a Muddy or mushy consistency and can be used in the extruder downstream shaping devices to metallic Molded parts are processed.
  • the processing of the metallic material (eg the magnesium alloy) in the extruder to a thixotropic mass takes place in the manner described in EP 0 080 787 in that the Material in granular form in a pre-heated hopper is entered, the granule particles adapted in size so are that they processed well by the screw of the extruder can be.
  • the heating of the granules takes place a temperature near or above the solidus temperature, wherein the Heating can take place before and / or in the extruder.
  • EP 0 080 787 device for generating consists of a solid-liquid thixotropic metal alloy a conveying channel between the screw flanks from the start of the screw until the end of the screw from a continuous helical Channel.
  • EP-A-761344 mentions an injection molding machine for Processing of metallic semi-finished products and molded parts.
  • the Device sees an extruder with a screw in front.
  • WO-86/06321 has become known the use of a screw system for an extruder with two screws for processing thermoplastic plastics.
  • the conveying principle of an extruder consists essentially of that the material to be conveyed on the cylinder wall of Extruder experiences friction and slides on the so-called screw base. When processing metallic material this is due to the high thermal conductivity
  • the invention is according to claim 1, the object of a device of mentioned type constructively and functionally improve so that always reproducible component qualities can be produced.
  • the extruder is a screw system comprising two or more intermeshing screws.
  • the processing takes place of the metallic material, for example, starting from the granules to the thixotropic solid-liquid or to the liquid Material, based on the axial length of the extruder, as far as possible in constant process steps and in constant promotion.
  • the negative consequences of temperature fluctuations and thus associated irregularities in the viscosity and the proportional composition of liquid material components are reduced to a negligible level.
  • Inductive heaters are very expensive.
  • Classical Heating strips are mounted on the circumference of the extruder barrel and tend at the high temperatures involved in processing of metallic melts, too strong oxidation as well to the scaling of the cylinder surface and thus to a Reduction of heat transfer between radiator and cylinder.
  • precautions must be taken with heating tapes These are in permanent contact with the cylinder surface to maintain sufficient heat transfer.
  • heating tapes Another disadvantage of heating tapes is the large distance between the outside of the extruder barrel mounted heating bands and the melt present in the interior of the cylinder in the required high heat flux densities and temperature gradients up to 200 ° C and more in operation.
  • heating cartridges which resistance heating elements in a usually cylindrical Enclosed arranged housing.
  • the heating cartridges can be in cross holes in the extruder cylinder jacket very close to the cylinder inner wall, for example above and below the double-cylindrical cavity of the Twin-screw extruders, to order. Leave the cross holes themselves hermetically sealed with airtight and heat resistant Seal the material so that it is protected against scaling are.
  • the extruder cylinder can significantly higher heat flux densities be achieved.
  • the outer surface of the extruder barrel can be when using the in the cylinder wall arranged heating cartridges also beyond essential isolate better against heat radiation.
  • the extruders equipped with the heating cartridges are made that their tie rods outside the insulation and so that they are arranged in a considerably cooler area. Thereby This can be much cheaper materials be used.
  • Electric drives for the worm are therefore preferred used, but also for the drive of Druckg fascikolbens leave electric drives instead of a hydraulic system use.
  • the continuous promotion of the bandwidth of the residence time reduces the materials to be conveyed in the extruder, resulting in a uniform grain size of the globulites in the structure the finished moldings or semi-finished products shows.
  • the extruder can be followed by one or more DruckgieBformen be that continuously or discontinuously over Multi-way switch and heated channels with metallic material are loadable.
  • This can be a clock reduction in production realize or it can be larger components, in particular also produce thin-walled, large-area components, with several Die casting units to be connected to a mold cavity can.
  • the page feed can be volumetric or gravimetric Dosing done.
  • the page feed takes place for the different materials in the appropriate for the respective material temperature and Functional zones. It can thus be pure metals, eg. Li, Mg, Ca, Al, Si, Zn, Mn, rare earth metals and the like to metal alloys merge, as well as master alloys, such as B. AlZn, fed to the extruder according to the invention become. Finally, this way too non-metallic materials, such as. B. reinforcing materials, Fillers, nucleating agents, processing aids and the like, incorporate into the solid-liquid or liquid metal stream, whereby the extruder according to the invention has the function of a machine for the production of alloys or composites Fulfills.
  • pure metals eg. Li, Mg, Ca, Al, Si, Zn, Mn, rare earth metals and the like to metal alloys merge, as well as master alloys, such as B. AlZn, fed to the extruder according to the invention become.
  • master alloys such as B. AlZn
  • the page feed can also be used by proposed aggregates, such as. Extruders, recycled, in particular, too be supplied with liquid materials.
  • components are therefore of consistent quality
  • Made of pure metal, metal alloys, or made homogeneously mixed with the metal or metal alloys non-metallic materials can exist.
  • the DruckgeGaggregaten are with a separate piston / cylinder unit equipped Druckgite, as for example from EP 0 080 787 are known.
  • Stepped piston which the cylinder space of Druckg bankzylinders in one with the extruder over a heated one Channel connected feed room and one with the mold cavity divided injection chamber connected. Between feeding area and injection space, a fluid connection is created which includes a non-return valve or a check valve, which a backflow of metallic material from the injection space counteracts in the feed room.
  • the stepped piston has on the side of the injection chamber, the larger Piston surface on and on the side of the Einspeisghimes the smaller, usually annular piston surface.
  • stepped piston Another advantage of the stepped piston is that the with relatively low pressure in the die cylinder entered material the stepped piston due to the adjusting Pressure difference between larger piston area and automatically resets lower annular piston area, whereby the attachment of multi-way switching valves between Extruder and die cylinder is obsolete. If necessary, can this can be hydraulically assisted. Finally, it turns out nor the advantage that the electricity generated by the extruder of metallic Material until injection into the mold cavity always is promoted in one direction only, which is especially true at the processing of material in the extruder via a Side feeding of long reinforcing fibers (eg carbon fibers) be incorporated.
  • long reinforcing fibers eg carbon fibers
  • the invention further relates to a method for Druckgie-Ben, Continuous casting or extrusion of metallic materials using an extruder and this downstream Units for molding semi-finished products and molded parts, in particular of the type described above.
  • the use of a Extruder with a screw system with two or more intermeshing Slugs allowed a controlled promotion of the metallic Material in the extrusion direction. This is especially true also for material in the solid-liquid thixotropic state and in the liquid state.
  • FIG. 1 shows in Figure 1 in a schematic representation of an extruder 1 of the twin-screw extruder type, in the extruder cylinder 2, two screws are mounted, of which in the area shown broken only the front screw 3 can be seen.
  • the screw 3 engages with its profile in the profile of the neighboring screw lying behind.
  • the top surface 4 of the screw threads of a screw 3 connects to the core surface 5 of the (not visible) neighboring screw.
  • the distance from the head diameter K 1 of a screw to the core diameter K 2 of the neighboring screw and the distance between the screw flanks to each other should be chosen so that when a metallic material to be processed with dendritic properties on the one hand, a desired shear stress can be generated, on the other hand, the liquefied Phase of the metallic material due to its lower viscosity can not flow uncontrollably through the gaps between the screw flanks, the top surfaces 4 and the core surfaces 5 and the top surfaces 4 and the inner wall 6 of the extruder cylinder 2.
  • the intermeshing screws form, in the case that they are driven in opposite directions, forward progressing closed chambers in which the material is forcibly transported.
  • the dendritic structures the solidifying phase transformed into globulitic particles, on the other hand, frictional heat is released.
  • the feed devices 9 to 12 can optionally insertion funnel, Dosing screws, stuffing devices, ribbon or roving feeders, Extruder (including the twin-screw extruder according to the invention) or injection units for liquids be.
  • the screw 3 is purely schematic is shown and over its length of course may well have a varying configuration.
  • a stepped piston 17 is reversible arranged, the cylinder space of the cylinder 16 in the feed space 15 and divided into the injection chamber 18.
  • the the Injection space 18 bounding piston surface 19 is larger than that the injection space 15 limiting annular piston surface 20th
  • a scrubströmsperre 21 of of the type, e.g. a check valve.
  • the backflow stop 21 blocks the fluid connection in the form of a through passage (not shown) in the stepped piston 17 from the injection chamber 18 to Einspeiseraum 15 and turns the passage passage in the reverse Direction freely throughout.
  • the mold cavity closes (not shown) leading heated channel 22, the can be closed with an actively controllable closure nozzle 23.
  • the stepped piston 17 is via a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 24 of a hydraulic system 25 in the injection piston 16 in reversibly displaceable.
  • the generated in the extruder 1 thixotropic or liquid metallic material that with the various additional materials can be mixed over the first heated Passed channel 14 into the inlet 15 and passes through the Through-passage in the stepped piston 17 in the injection chamber 18, whose output is shut off by the closure nozzle 23.
  • the hydraulic piston / cylinder unit 24 is for the filling of the die cylinder 16th controlled so that the stepped piston 17 pushed back controlled can be and upon reaching the required capacity is stopped.
  • the filling process takes place at the extruder 1 generated low pressure level (eg 5 to 120 bar).
  • injection pressure eg 1500 - 2000 bar
  • the sealing of the feed space 15 opposite the atmosphere or in front of a hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic Piston-cylinder unit is due to the much lower Pressure levels no problem.
  • FIG 2 shows schematically a Druckg phonezylinder 30 as he alternatively to that shown in Figure 1 together with the invention Twin screw extruder 1 as part of a Forming device can be used.
  • the die-casting cylinder 30 has a hollow cylinder 32 in which an injection piston 34 is reversibly guided.
  • a feed port 40 which is adjacent to the piston surface 36 is disposed in a retracted dead position of the piston 34 is.
  • the feed / injection space fills up Side of the piston surface 36 of the piston 34th
  • the feed opening 40 ' is on front end of the feed / injection space 38, adjacent to a heated channel leading to the mold cavity 42.
  • the space 38 can be filled while the piston 34th in the retracted dead position or while the piston is 34 from a front dead position (dot-dashed line) in the withdrawn dead position (solid representation) is moved.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the invention Twin-screw extruder 1 along line 3-3 in Figure 1, wherein However, a variant is shown here, instead of the Heating sleeves 13 another heater is selected.
  • the two screws 3 are in the figure 3 not shown. These are in the double-cylindrical Cavity 6 arranged, the space for two parallel next to each other lying, intermeshing snails 3 offers.
  • the cylinder 2 has here transverse to its longitudinal direction transverse bores 44, 45 disposed adjacent to the cavity 6 are.
  • heating cartridges 46, 47 arranged over due to their proximity to the double cylinder cavity 6 a very high heat flux to those in the extruder. 1 can be made to work on materials.
  • the transverse bores 44, 45 are after inserting the heating cartridges 46, 47 with an airtight and temperature insensitive Materialpfropfen 48, 49 closed by the only electrical leads 50, 51 must pass. Outside at Cylinder 1 can now be in a very simple way insulation 52 attach that consistently on the cylinder 2 with the same Thickness can be provided without this external Heating tapes would have to be considered.
  • the heating cartridges 46, 47 repeat over the length of the extruder cylinder 2 and let as the heating boots 13 an individual heating over the length of the extruder 1 too.
  • heating cartridges can be used in the transverse bores which protrude beyond the circumference of the extruder barrel, so that the transition area of the heating cartridges outside of the cylinder and the heated area inside the cylinder located.
  • the material plugs 48, 49 are dispensed with. The dismantling or maintenance is simplified here.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Dispositif de fabrication de demi-produits et de pièces moulées à partir d'une matière métallique, comportant une extrudeuse (1) pour engendrer un flux de métal ainsi que des organes agencés en aval de l'extrudeuse et destinés à mettre en forme les demi-produits et les pièces conformées, caractérisé en ce que l'extrudeuse (1) comprend un système à vis constitué par deux ou plusieurs vis (3) en engrènement, en ce que les vis (3) du système à vis sont des vis en engrènement étanche, et en ce que l'extrudeuse comprend des armatures de traction qui sont agencées à extérieur d'une couche d'isolation (52) agencée autour du cylindre de l'extrudeuse.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les vis (3) du système à vis tournent dans le même sens.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les vis (3) du système à vis tournent en sens opposés.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu en aval de l'extrudeuse (1) une ou plusieurs cavités de mise en forme qui sont susceptibles d'être chargées de façon continue ou discontinue avec la matière métallique.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'extrudeuse (1) comprend des organes (9 à 12) pour l'alimentation latérale en matières.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une ou plusieurs cylindres de coulée sous pression (16) agencés en aval de l'extrudeuse (1), qui sont susceptibles d'être remplis avec le flux de métal via un ou plusieurs distributeurs à plusieurs voies et via des canaux chauffés (14) et via lesquels des quantités partielles de matière métallique peuvent être remplies sous haute pression par cycle dans une ou plusieurs cavités de mise en forme.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre de coulée sous pression (16, 32) est rempli via la chambre d'injection (18, 38).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre de coulée sous pression est susceptible d'être rempli pendant que le piston est déplacé depuis la position morte avancée jusque dans une position retirée.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre de coulée sous pression est susceptible d'être rempli via le canal d'injection (42).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un ou plusieurs cylindres de coulée sous pression (16) en aval de l'extrudeuse (1), dont le piston d'injection respectif est constitué par un piston à gradins (17) qui subdivise la chambre cylindrique du cylindre de coulée sous pression (16) en une chambre d'injection (18) et en une chambre d'alimentation (15), la chambre d'alimentation (15) étant en liaison directe avec la sortie de l'extrudeuse via un canal chauffé (14), et la chambre d'injection (18) étant en liaison avec un ou plusieurs moules de coulée sous pression, une liaison fluidique existant entre la chambre d'alimentation et la chambre d'injection et présentant un blocage anti-retour (21) qui bloque la liaison fluidique de la chambre d'injection (18) à la chambre d'alimentation (15) et qui est passant en direction inverse, la surface (19) du piston à gradins (17) délimitant la chambre d'injection (18) étant supérieure à la surface de piston (20) délimitant la chambre d'alimentation (15) et réalisée de préférence annulaire.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une buse de fermeture commandée (23) est agencée dans la zone entre l'outil de coulée et la chambre d'injection.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que pour chauffer l'extrudeuse, des cartouches chauffantes (46, 47) sont agencées dans des perçages transversaux dans la paroi de cylindre.
  13. Procédé pour la coulée sous pression, la coulée continue et le filage de matières métalliques en utilisant une extrudeuse et des unités de mise en forme agencées en aval de celle-ci, en particulier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise à titre d'extrudeuse une extrudeuse comportant un système à vis comprenant deux ou plusieurs vis en engrènement, et en ce que le flux de la matière métallique est convoyé de façon contrôlée en direction d'extrusion.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute à la matière métallique d'autres composants via des dispositifs d'alimentation latéraux (9 à 12) de l'extrudeuse, composants qui sont mélangés avec ladite matière.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que pour l'un des dispositifs d'alimentation latéraux, on utilise une extrudeuse.
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 et 15, caractérisé en ce que les autres composants sont choisis parmi des composants d'alliage métalliques, des fibres de renforcement et des substances additionnelles.
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la matière métallique est chauffée à une température entre la température de solidus et la température de liquidus.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la matière métallique est chauffée à une température qui est supérieure d'environ 5°C à 10°C à la température de liquidus.
EP00907593A 1999-02-19 2000-02-21 Dispositif de fabrication de demi-produits et de pieces moulees a partir d'une matiere metallique Expired - Lifetime EP1152852B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19907118A DE19907118C1 (de) 1999-02-19 1999-02-19 Spritzgießvorrichtung für metallische Werkstoffe
PCT/EP2000/001417 WO2000048767A1 (fr) 1999-02-19 2000-02-21 Dispositif de fabrication de demi-produits et de pieces moulees a partir d'une matiere metallique
DE19907118 2000-02-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1152852A1 EP1152852A1 (fr) 2001-11-14
EP1152852B1 true EP1152852B1 (fr) 2005-05-25

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EP00907593A Expired - Lifetime EP1152852B1 (fr) 1999-02-19 2000-02-21 Dispositif de fabrication de demi-produits et de pieces moulees a partir d'une matiere metallique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US6546991B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1152852B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE296175T1 (fr)
AU (2) AU2912900A (fr)
DE (2) DE19907118C1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2000049192A1 (fr)

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EP1152852A1 (fr) 2001-11-14
WO2000048767A1 (fr) 2000-08-24
US6546991B2 (en) 2003-04-15
AU3281000A (en) 2000-09-04
US20020053416A1 (en) 2002-05-09
AU2912900A (en) 2000-09-04
WO2000049192A1 (fr) 2000-08-24
US20030111205A1 (en) 2003-06-19
DE50010397D1 (de) 2005-06-30
US6648057B2 (en) 2003-11-18
ATE296175T1 (de) 2005-06-15
DE19907118C1 (de) 2000-05-25

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