EP1152852B1 - Vorrichtung zur herstellung von halbzeugen und formteilen aus metallischem material - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur herstellung von halbzeugen und formteilen aus metallischem material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1152852B1 EP1152852B1 EP00907593A EP00907593A EP1152852B1 EP 1152852 B1 EP1152852 B1 EP 1152852B1 EP 00907593 A EP00907593 A EP 00907593A EP 00907593 A EP00907593 A EP 00907593A EP 1152852 B1 EP1152852 B1 EP 1152852B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- extruder
- cylinder
- metallic material
- injection
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S164/00—Metal founding
- Y10S164/90—Rheo-casting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for producing Semi-finished and molded parts made of metallic material with a Extruder for producing a metal stream and the extruder Downstream facilities for shaping the semi-finished and Moldings.
- a device of this type for die casting of moldings is from EP 0 080 787, in which a metallic material with dendritic properties, for example a magnesium alloy, brought into a thixotropic state in an extruder becomes.
- the metallic material has a Muddy or mushy consistency and can be used in the extruder downstream shaping devices to metallic Molded parts are processed.
- the processing of the metallic material (eg the magnesium alloy) in the extruder to a thixotropic mass takes place in the manner described in EP 0 080 787 in that the Material in granular form in a pre-heated hopper is entered, the granule particles adapted in size so are that they processed well by the screw of the extruder can be.
- the heating of the granules takes place a temperature near or above the solidus temperature, wherein the Heating can take place before and / or in the extruder.
- EP 0 080 787 device for generating consists of a solid-liquid thixotropic metal alloy a conveying channel between the screw flanks from the start of the screw until the end of the screw from a continuous helical Channel.
- EP-A-761344 mentions an injection molding machine for Processing of metallic semi-finished products and molded parts.
- the Device sees an extruder with a screw in front.
- WO-86/06321 has become known the use of a screw system for an extruder with two screws for processing thermoplastic plastics.
- the conveying principle of an extruder consists essentially of that the material to be conveyed on the cylinder wall of Extruder experiences friction and slides on the so-called screw base. When processing metallic material this is due to the high thermal conductivity
- the invention is according to claim 1, the object of a device of mentioned type constructively and functionally improve so that always reproducible component qualities can be produced.
- the extruder is a screw system comprising two or more intermeshing screws.
- the processing takes place of the metallic material, for example, starting from the granules to the thixotropic solid-liquid or to the liquid Material, based on the axial length of the extruder, as far as possible in constant process steps and in constant promotion.
- the negative consequences of temperature fluctuations and thus associated irregularities in the viscosity and the proportional composition of liquid material components are reduced to a negligible level.
- Inductive heaters are very expensive.
- Classical Heating strips are mounted on the circumference of the extruder barrel and tend at the high temperatures involved in processing of metallic melts, too strong oxidation as well to the scaling of the cylinder surface and thus to a Reduction of heat transfer between radiator and cylinder.
- precautions must be taken with heating tapes These are in permanent contact with the cylinder surface to maintain sufficient heat transfer.
- heating tapes Another disadvantage of heating tapes is the large distance between the outside of the extruder barrel mounted heating bands and the melt present in the interior of the cylinder in the required high heat flux densities and temperature gradients up to 200 ° C and more in operation.
- heating cartridges which resistance heating elements in a usually cylindrical Enclosed arranged housing.
- the heating cartridges can be in cross holes in the extruder cylinder jacket very close to the cylinder inner wall, for example above and below the double-cylindrical cavity of the Twin-screw extruders, to order. Leave the cross holes themselves hermetically sealed with airtight and heat resistant Seal the material so that it is protected against scaling are.
- the extruder cylinder can significantly higher heat flux densities be achieved.
- the outer surface of the extruder barrel can be when using the in the cylinder wall arranged heating cartridges also beyond essential isolate better against heat radiation.
- the extruders equipped with the heating cartridges are made that their tie rods outside the insulation and so that they are arranged in a considerably cooler area. Thereby This can be much cheaper materials be used.
- Electric drives for the worm are therefore preferred used, but also for the drive of Druckg fascikolbens leave electric drives instead of a hydraulic system use.
- the continuous promotion of the bandwidth of the residence time reduces the materials to be conveyed in the extruder, resulting in a uniform grain size of the globulites in the structure the finished moldings or semi-finished products shows.
- the extruder can be followed by one or more DruckgieBformen be that continuously or discontinuously over Multi-way switch and heated channels with metallic material are loadable.
- This can be a clock reduction in production realize or it can be larger components, in particular also produce thin-walled, large-area components, with several Die casting units to be connected to a mold cavity can.
- the page feed can be volumetric or gravimetric Dosing done.
- the page feed takes place for the different materials in the appropriate for the respective material temperature and Functional zones. It can thus be pure metals, eg. Li, Mg, Ca, Al, Si, Zn, Mn, rare earth metals and the like to metal alloys merge, as well as master alloys, such as B. AlZn, fed to the extruder according to the invention become. Finally, this way too non-metallic materials, such as. B. reinforcing materials, Fillers, nucleating agents, processing aids and the like, incorporate into the solid-liquid or liquid metal stream, whereby the extruder according to the invention has the function of a machine for the production of alloys or composites Fulfills.
- pure metals eg. Li, Mg, Ca, Al, Si, Zn, Mn, rare earth metals and the like to metal alloys merge, as well as master alloys, such as B. AlZn, fed to the extruder according to the invention become.
- master alloys such as B. AlZn
- the page feed can also be used by proposed aggregates, such as. Extruders, recycled, in particular, too be supplied with liquid materials.
- components are therefore of consistent quality
- Made of pure metal, metal alloys, or made homogeneously mixed with the metal or metal alloys non-metallic materials can exist.
- the DruckgeGaggregaten are with a separate piston / cylinder unit equipped Druckgite, as for example from EP 0 080 787 are known.
- Stepped piston which the cylinder space of Druckg bankzylinders in one with the extruder over a heated one Channel connected feed room and one with the mold cavity divided injection chamber connected. Between feeding area and injection space, a fluid connection is created which includes a non-return valve or a check valve, which a backflow of metallic material from the injection space counteracts in the feed room.
- the stepped piston has on the side of the injection chamber, the larger Piston surface on and on the side of the Einspeisghimes the smaller, usually annular piston surface.
- stepped piston Another advantage of the stepped piston is that the with relatively low pressure in the die cylinder entered material the stepped piston due to the adjusting Pressure difference between larger piston area and automatically resets lower annular piston area, whereby the attachment of multi-way switching valves between Extruder and die cylinder is obsolete. If necessary, can this can be hydraulically assisted. Finally, it turns out nor the advantage that the electricity generated by the extruder of metallic Material until injection into the mold cavity always is promoted in one direction only, which is especially true at the processing of material in the extruder via a Side feeding of long reinforcing fibers (eg carbon fibers) be incorporated.
- long reinforcing fibers eg carbon fibers
- the invention further relates to a method for Druckgie-Ben, Continuous casting or extrusion of metallic materials using an extruder and this downstream Units for molding semi-finished products and molded parts, in particular of the type described above.
- the use of a Extruder with a screw system with two or more intermeshing Slugs allowed a controlled promotion of the metallic Material in the extrusion direction. This is especially true also for material in the solid-liquid thixotropic state and in the liquid state.
- FIG. 1 shows in Figure 1 in a schematic representation of an extruder 1 of the twin-screw extruder type, in the extruder cylinder 2, two screws are mounted, of which in the area shown broken only the front screw 3 can be seen.
- the screw 3 engages with its profile in the profile of the neighboring screw lying behind.
- the top surface 4 of the screw threads of a screw 3 connects to the core surface 5 of the (not visible) neighboring screw.
- the distance from the head diameter K 1 of a screw to the core diameter K 2 of the neighboring screw and the distance between the screw flanks to each other should be chosen so that when a metallic material to be processed with dendritic properties on the one hand, a desired shear stress can be generated, on the other hand, the liquefied Phase of the metallic material due to its lower viscosity can not flow uncontrollably through the gaps between the screw flanks, the top surfaces 4 and the core surfaces 5 and the top surfaces 4 and the inner wall 6 of the extruder cylinder 2.
- the intermeshing screws form, in the case that they are driven in opposite directions, forward progressing closed chambers in which the material is forcibly transported.
- the dendritic structures the solidifying phase transformed into globulitic particles, on the other hand, frictional heat is released.
- the feed devices 9 to 12 can optionally insertion funnel, Dosing screws, stuffing devices, ribbon or roving feeders, Extruder (including the twin-screw extruder according to the invention) or injection units for liquids be.
- the screw 3 is purely schematic is shown and over its length of course may well have a varying configuration.
- a stepped piston 17 is reversible arranged, the cylinder space of the cylinder 16 in the feed space 15 and divided into the injection chamber 18.
- the the Injection space 18 bounding piston surface 19 is larger than that the injection space 15 limiting annular piston surface 20th
- a scrubströmsperre 21 of of the type, e.g. a check valve.
- the backflow stop 21 blocks the fluid connection in the form of a through passage (not shown) in the stepped piston 17 from the injection chamber 18 to Einspeiseraum 15 and turns the passage passage in the reverse Direction freely throughout.
- the mold cavity closes (not shown) leading heated channel 22, the can be closed with an actively controllable closure nozzle 23.
- the stepped piston 17 is via a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 24 of a hydraulic system 25 in the injection piston 16 in reversibly displaceable.
- the generated in the extruder 1 thixotropic or liquid metallic material that with the various additional materials can be mixed over the first heated Passed channel 14 into the inlet 15 and passes through the Through-passage in the stepped piston 17 in the injection chamber 18, whose output is shut off by the closure nozzle 23.
- the hydraulic piston / cylinder unit 24 is for the filling of the die cylinder 16th controlled so that the stepped piston 17 pushed back controlled can be and upon reaching the required capacity is stopped.
- the filling process takes place at the extruder 1 generated low pressure level (eg 5 to 120 bar).
- injection pressure eg 1500 - 2000 bar
- the sealing of the feed space 15 opposite the atmosphere or in front of a hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic Piston-cylinder unit is due to the much lower Pressure levels no problem.
- FIG 2 shows schematically a Druckg phonezylinder 30 as he alternatively to that shown in Figure 1 together with the invention Twin screw extruder 1 as part of a Forming device can be used.
- the die-casting cylinder 30 has a hollow cylinder 32 in which an injection piston 34 is reversibly guided.
- a feed port 40 which is adjacent to the piston surface 36 is disposed in a retracted dead position of the piston 34 is.
- the feed / injection space fills up Side of the piston surface 36 of the piston 34th
- the feed opening 40 ' is on front end of the feed / injection space 38, adjacent to a heated channel leading to the mold cavity 42.
- the space 38 can be filled while the piston 34th in the retracted dead position or while the piston is 34 from a front dead position (dot-dashed line) in the withdrawn dead position (solid representation) is moved.
- FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the invention Twin-screw extruder 1 along line 3-3 in Figure 1, wherein However, a variant is shown here, instead of the Heating sleeves 13 another heater is selected.
- the two screws 3 are in the figure 3 not shown. These are in the double-cylindrical Cavity 6 arranged, the space for two parallel next to each other lying, intermeshing snails 3 offers.
- the cylinder 2 has here transverse to its longitudinal direction transverse bores 44, 45 disposed adjacent to the cavity 6 are.
- heating cartridges 46, 47 arranged over due to their proximity to the double cylinder cavity 6 a very high heat flux to those in the extruder. 1 can be made to work on materials.
- the transverse bores 44, 45 are after inserting the heating cartridges 46, 47 with an airtight and temperature insensitive Materialpfropfen 48, 49 closed by the only electrical leads 50, 51 must pass. Outside at Cylinder 1 can now be in a very simple way insulation 52 attach that consistently on the cylinder 2 with the same Thickness can be provided without this external Heating tapes would have to be considered.
- the heating cartridges 46, 47 repeat over the length of the extruder cylinder 2 and let as the heating boots 13 an individual heating over the length of the extruder 1 too.
- heating cartridges can be used in the transverse bores which protrude beyond the circumference of the extruder barrel, so that the transition area of the heating cartridges outside of the cylinder and the heated area inside the cylinder located.
- the material plugs 48, 49 are dispensed with. The dismantling or maintenance is simplified here.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
- Druckgießaggregate
- Stranggieß- und Strangpressaggregate.
- Kolben/Zylinderaggregate, welche vor der Kolbenfläche befüllt werden, wobei der Kolben zu Beginn der Befüllung bei einer Variante in der zurückgezogenen Position verharrt und die Befüllung entweder direkt vor dem Kolben oder von diesem entfernt in Richtung zum Zylinderausgang stattfindet; bei einer alternativen Variante wird am Zylinderausgang befüllt und der Kolben während der Befüllung zurückgefahren/zurückgedrängt und in einer weiteren Variante wird der Zylinderraum vor dem Kolben in Zylinderauslaßkanal befüllt und der Kolben aus der vorderen Totposition mit dem einströmenden metallischen Material in die zurückgezogene Position bewegt.
- Figur 1
- eine schematische, teilweise aufgebrochene Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Doppelschneckenextruders;
- Figur 2
- eine schematisch Darstellung verschiedener Ausführungsformen dem Extruder aus Figur 1 nachzuordnenden Druckgießaggregate; und
- Figur 3
- eine Schnittansicht durch den Extruder der Figur 1 längs Linie 3 - 3.
Claims (18)
- Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Halbzeugen und Formteilen aus metallischem Material, mit einem Extruder (1) zur Erzeugung eines Metallstromes und dem Extruder nachgeschaltenen Einrichtungen zum Ausformen der Halbzeuge und Formteile, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Extruder (1) ein Schneckensystem aus zwei oder mehreren kämmenden Schnecken (3) aufweist
daß die Schnecken (3) des Schneckensystems dicht kämmende Schnecken sind, und daß der Extruder Zuganker umfaßt, welche; außerhalb einer um den Zylinder des Extruders angeordneten Isolierschicht (52) angeordnet sind. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schnecken (3) des Schneckensystems gleichsinnig drehend sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schnecken (3) des Schneckensystems gegensinnig drehend sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Extruder (1) eine oder mehrere Formkavitäten nachgeordnet sind, die kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich mit metallischem Material beschickbar sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Extruder (1) Einrichtungen (9 bis 12) zur Seiteneinspeisung von Materialien aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Extruder (1) ein oder mehrere Druckgießzylinder (16) nachgeschaltet sind, die über einen oder mehrere Mehrwegeschalter und beheizte Kanäle (14) mit dem Metallstrom befüllbar sind und über die in eine oder mehrere Formkavitäten Teilmengen von metallischem Material unter hohem Druck zyklusweise befüllbar sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckgießzylinder (16, 32) über den Einspritzraum (18, 38) befüllt wird.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckgießzylinder befüllbar ist während der Kolben aus der vorderen Totposition in eine zurückgezogene Position bewegt wird.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckgießzylinder über den Einspritzkanal (42) befüllbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Extruder (1) ein oder mehrere Druckgießzylinder (16) nachgeschaltet sind, deren Einspritzkolben jeweils aus einem Stufenkolben (17) besteht, der den Zylinderraum des Druckgießzylinders (16) in einen Einspritzraum (18) und in einen Einspeiseraum (15) unterteilt, wobei der Einspeiseraum (15) mit dem Extruderausgang über einen beheizten Kanal (14) direkt in Verbindung steht und der Einspritzraum (18) mit einer oder mehreren Druckgießformen in Verbindung steht, wobei eine Fluidverbindung zwischen Einspeiseraum und Einspritzraum mit einer Rückströmsperre (21) vorhanden ist, die die Fluidverbindung vom Einspritzraum (18) zum Einspeiseraum (15) sperrt und in umgekehrter Richtung durchgängig schaltet und wobei die den Einspritzraum (18) begrenzende Kolbenfläche (19) des Stufenkolbens (17) größer ist als die den Einspeiseraum (15) begrenzende, vorzugsweise ringförmige Kolbenfläche (20).
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich zwischen Gießwerkzeug und Einspritzraum eine steuerbare Verschlußdüse (23) angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Beheizung des Extruders Heizpatronen (46, 47) in Querbohrungen (44, 45) in der Zylinderwand angeordnet sind.
- Verfahren zum Druckgießen, Stranggießen und Strangpressen von metallischen Materialien unter Verwendung eines Extruders und diesem nachgeschalteten Ausformeinheiten, insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Extruder ein Extruder mit einem zwei oder mehrere kämmende Schnecken umfassenden Schneckensystem verwendet wird und der Strom des metallischen Materials in Extrusionsrichtung kontrolliert gefördert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem metallischen Material über Seiteneinspeiseeinrichtungen (9-12) des Extruders weitere Komponenten zugeführt und in dieses eingemischt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als eine der Seiteneinspeiseeinrichtungen ein Extruder verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die weiteren Komponenten ausgewählt sind aus metallischen Legierungskomponenten, Verstärkungsfasern und Zuschlagstoffen.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das metallische Material auf eine Temperatur zwischen der Solidustemperatur und der Liquidustemperatur erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das metallische Material auf eine Temperatur erwärmt wird, die ca. 5 °C bis 10 °C oberhalb der Liquidustemperatur liegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19907118 | 1999-02-19 | ||
DE19907118A DE19907118C1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 1999-02-19 | Spritzgießvorrichtung für metallische Werkstoffe |
PCT/EP2000/001417 WO2000048767A1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-02-21 | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von halbzeugen und formteilen aus metallischem material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1152852A1 EP1152852A1 (de) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1152852B1 true EP1152852B1 (de) | 2005-05-25 |
Family
ID=7898129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00907593A Expired - Lifetime EP1152852B1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-02-21 | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von halbzeugen und formteilen aus metallischem material |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6546991B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1152852B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE296175T1 (de) |
AU (2) | AU2912900A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19907118C1 (de) |
WO (2) | WO2000049192A1 (de) |
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-
1999
- 1999-02-19 DE DE19907118A patent/DE19907118C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-02-21 EP EP00907593A patent/EP1152852B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-21 DE DE50010397T patent/DE50010397D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-21 AU AU29129/00A patent/AU2912900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-21 AU AU32810/00A patent/AU3281000A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-21 WO PCT/EP2000/001416 patent/WO2000049192A1/de active Application Filing
- 2000-02-21 AT AT00907593T patent/ATE296175T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-21 WO PCT/EP2000/001417 patent/WO2000048767A1/de active IP Right Grant
-
2001
- 2001-08-16 US US09/931,289 patent/US6546991B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2003
- 2003-01-27 US US10/351,803 patent/US6648057B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102014018796A1 (de) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Gebr. Krallmann Gmbh | Fördervorrichtung für eine Metallschmelze in einem Spritzgussaggregat |
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US20020053416A1 (en) | 2002-05-09 |
DE50010397D1 (de) | 2005-06-30 |
US6648057B2 (en) | 2003-11-18 |
US6546991B2 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
WO2000048767A1 (de) | 2000-08-24 |
US20030111205A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
EP1152852A1 (de) | 2001-11-14 |
AU2912900A (en) | 2000-09-04 |
WO2000049192A1 (de) | 2000-08-24 |
AU3281000A (en) | 2000-09-04 |
ATE296175T1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
DE19907118C1 (de) | 2000-05-25 |
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