EP1089297A2 - Grille pour l'absorption des rayons-x - Google Patents

Grille pour l'absorption des rayons-x Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1089297A2
EP1089297A2 EP00203370A EP00203370A EP1089297A2 EP 1089297 A2 EP1089297 A2 EP 1089297A2 EP 00203370 A EP00203370 A EP 00203370A EP 00203370 A EP00203370 A EP 00203370A EP 1089297 A2 EP1089297 A2 EP 1089297A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
comb
grid
elements
ray
webs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00203370A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1089297B1 (fr
EP1089297A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Flisikowski
Stefan Dr. Schneider
Josef Dr. Lauter
Herfried Dr. Wieczorek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH, Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH, Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Publication of EP1089297A2 publication Critical patent/EP1089297A2/fr
Publication of EP1089297A3 publication Critical patent/EP1089297A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1089297B1 publication Critical patent/EP1089297B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
    • G21K1/025—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using multiple collimators, e.g. Bucky screens; other devices for eliminating undesired or dispersed radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grid with electromagnetic radiation absorbing, for Comb elements serving as grid formation.
  • Such grids are used as anti-scatter grids in X-ray technology in order to To absorb tissue from the patient's emerging stray radiation before that through the different weakening properties of the examined tissue characteristic x-ray signal hits the x-ray detector.
  • a collimator anti-scatter grid
  • the collimator is absorbed by an x-ray Frame formed, arranged in the first and second partition plates become.
  • the partition plates each have longitudinal slots to the partition plate, which enable the first partition plates to be inserted into the second at an appropriate angle To insert partition plates.
  • the rectangular frame has slits on its inner edges on, which serve to accommodate the respective ends of the partition plates.
  • anti-scatter grids due to the complexity of the partition plates set certain limits.
  • the production of anti-scatter grids with large Dimensions, such as those used for large-area detectors, prove turns out to be difficult because of an occurring deflection of the large partition plates easy and correct sliding of the slots of the partition plates difficult.
  • Large-area anti-scatter grids are used, for example, in multi-line CT devices (Computer tomography) used.
  • the length of the detector is extended.
  • the one emitted by an x-ray emitter happens X-rays the patient and is of different density and chemical
  • the composition of the tissue or bone to be examined is weakened accordingly.
  • the x-ray signal is subject to scattered radiation.
  • the x-rays pass through a scattered grating focused on the focus of the radiation source. In this way, when detecting the X-ray quanta, one achieves that only the X-ray quanta are detected that are characteristic of the attenuation of the irradiated object.
  • CT examination devices are designed so that the radiation source is the detector is arranged opposite on a gantry that rotates around the patient, the Patient is slowly moved with a cot. Vibrations of the gantry that also affect the anti-scatter grid and the X-ray detector, have a negative impact on the Image quality of the image to be displayed. Such negative effects cannot be seen emulate, so that a later reduction of these effects that distort the image in the Image processing is only possible to a limited extent.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an anti-scatter grid for reducing the scattered radiation indicate which by means of simple production with appropriate robustness is also feasible for large-area anti-scatter grids.
  • This object is achieved in that comb webs transverse to the associated one Comb base areas carrying the comb webs run.
  • An anti-scatter grid is placed over the X-ray detector in such a way that the primary X-ray radiation through the grating onto a detector element arranged below each meets.
  • the anti-scatter grid is composed of several X-rays having comb structures absorbent comb elements together, which are fixed by a frame.
  • the comb elements have a preferably rectangular basic shape and have comb webs on, which is transverse to the surface of a base plate and to the formed by this Comb base surface are arranged. These comb webs form the comb structure.
  • the Comb ridges are focused on the focus of the radiation source, increasing the distance between the ridges on the upper edge of the comb element less than on the Lower edge is.
  • a large number of these comb elements is arranged so that the crosswise to the Comb base area standing comb webs to the closest comb element with the associated Adjacent or bump the comb base surface.
  • This two-dimensional Grating is made with the grating openings in the direction of the incident X-rays aligned.
  • the side edges of the individual comb elements are fastened in the frame using grooves
  • the number of comb elements to be strung together is determined by the size of the X-ray detector used determined.
  • the x-ray detector is mostly used in CT scanners many times longer than it is wide. It proves advantageous that the comb elements have a high level of robustness and stability, which allows many comb elements in to be arranged in a frame, so that a large-area anti-scatter grid is thereby formed which covers a large-area X-ray detector.
  • the x-ray detector is used for the area examined characteristic x-rays converted into light, for example, which either is read out by a light-sensitive sensor or which is a film accordingly exposed.
  • sensors read the image information. With these discrete It is important that the X-ray quanta of a corresponding examination area, which is to be imaged on an image pixel, only in the associated one Detector element converted and in the corresponding underlying Sensor is detected.
  • the anti-scatter grid Through the anti-scatter grid, the get for a resolution characteristic X-ray quanta of the examination area corresponding to the detector in the corresponding grating opening directly to the associated detector element.
  • the X-ray quanta for an examination area corresponding to the resolution of the detector are characterized by the anti-scatter grid in the corresponding Grid opening directed directly to the associated detector element.
  • the scattered scattered radiation is absorbed by the grating structure of the scattered radiation grating.
  • the anti-scatter grid is made of comb elements with a Double-comb structure and flat slats.
  • the comb elements point across comb webs standing on the base plate on both sides of the base plate.
  • the ridges stand on these double comb elements across the two comb base surfaces both sides of the base plate.
  • the double comb elements and the slats are held by the frame.
  • the comb webs of the comb elements are aligned with the focus of the radiation source focused.
  • the x-rays hit the at a predetermined angle Anti-scatter grid. Because the direct X-ray radiation unhindered the anti-scatter grid to happen, the orientation of the grating must be adapted to the radiation angle. To the distances between the ridges at the upper edge of the comb elements are smaller than the distances between the ridges on the lower edge of the comb elements.
  • the anti-scatter grid is also required to adjust the bend of the X-ray detector. This is the depth of the ridges to the lower edge of the comb element larger, so that when assembling several Comb elements create a bend that corresponds to the bend of the X-ray detector.
  • the frame in which the comb elements are attached is the shape of the X-ray detector customized. Grooves are arranged on the inside of the frame. The thickness of the grooves corresponds to the wall thickness of the comb elements, so that this through the shape of the grooves being held. In addition, the comb elements can be glued into these grooves become.
  • the task is also performed by a detector with a grating for absorbing X-ray radiation solved.
  • the task is arranged with an X-ray device with one in front of the detector X-ray absorption grating solved.
  • the task is performed using a method of manufacturing a grid Solved comb elements absorbing electromagnetic radiation, in which the Comb elements in which comb webs are transverse to an associated one, which supports the comb webs Comb base surface run so that they are arranged in a two-dimensional grid form.
  • FIG. 1 shows a computer tomograph with a gantry 1 on one radiation source 2 is arranged.
  • the X-ray detector 8 with the anti-scatter grid arranged above it 3 is arranged opposite the radiation source 2.
  • In the beam path 4 is a Patient 5 placed on a cot 6.
  • Gantry 1 revolves around the Patients 5.
  • An examination area 7 is illuminated from all sides.
  • the Patient 5 is pushed in a horizontal direction through the rotating gantry 1, see above that a volume image is recorded using several cross-sectional images.
  • With two-dimensional X-ray detectors 8 is the area that is scanned with one rotation much larger than with single-line X-ray detectors. This allows the patient 5 can be pushed faster through gantry 1.
  • Figures 2-5 show a one-sided comb element 12 in several views.
  • Figure 2 shows a one-sided comb element 12 in plan view.
  • This one-sided comb element 12 consists of an X-ray absorbing material, for example (brass, molybdenum, tungsten).
  • the comb structure of this comb element 12 is formed by comb webs 11 standing at right angles to a base plate 10.
  • the height of the comb element 12 depends on the specific application.
  • a decisive criterion here is how much surface is irradiated with a scan. The ratio of useful radiation to scattered radiation deteriorates with increasing width of the area irradiated with X-rays per scan.
  • these comb elements 12 are approximately 2-6 cm high.
  • the width of the comb element 12 or the base plate 10 is determined by the width of the X-ray detector 8.
  • a scattered radiation grating 3, as is formed from these comb elements 12, must completely cover the X-ray detector 8.
  • the comb elements 12 are therefore wider than in the narrower multi-line or two-dimensional x-ray detectors 8 which are used in computer tomography.
  • the pixel size of such an anti-scatter grid 3 is formed with the depth of the comb webs 11 and the distance D between the individual comb webs 11. In two-dimensional x-ray detectors 8 for computer tomographs, the pixel size is approximately 1x1 to 2x5 mm 2 .
  • comb elements 12 are arranged for the incident X-rays, that the X-rays the grid openings formed by comb webs 11 and base plate 10 happen.
  • X-rays are emitted by the radiation source 2 with a focus and run radially away from this focus with a radiation angle.
  • the comb webs 11 are aligned or focused in their arrangement on the base plate 11 according to this focus. This is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the distance D o between the comb webs 11 at the upper edge of the base plate 10 is less than the distance D u between the comb webs 11 at the lower edge of the base plate 10.
  • FIG. 6 shows a series of comb elements 12 on one side. Due to the different depth of the comb webs 11 at the top and bottom (Fig. 3) the anti-scatter grid 3 can easily be adapted to the bend of the X-ray detector 8. In addition, the bend of the anti-scatter grid 3 is caused by the arrangement of the grooves 14 enforced in the frame of 13.
  • FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of a plurality of comb elements 12 on one side in an X-ray shadow giving frame 13 shown.
  • the frame 13 has on its inner sides Grooves 14, which are shown in Figure 8. These grooves 14 take the side edges of the Base plates 10 of the plurality of one-sided comb elements 12.
  • Comb elements 12 can be glued in or fixed in another conceivable way. A mechanical one Fixing by pressing in the comb elements 12 is also possible.
  • By the stringing together of several one-sided comb elements 12 becomes a scattered radiation grating 3 formed.
  • the comb webs 11 of a base plate 10 border the back of one adjacent base plate 10. The length of such a grating 3 can be expand 12 by the number of comb elements.
  • FIGS. 9-12 show a two-sided comb element 15 and one of these and lamellae 19 composed of anti-scatter grid 3.
  • Figure 9 shows a two-sided Comb element 15 with a double comb structure. This consists of a base plate 17 on which webs 16 and 18 are arranged on both sides. The ridges 16 and 18 are on both sides of the base plate 17 transversely to the one formed by the base plate 17 Comb base surface arranged. The above statements on focusing the one-sided Comb element 12 are to be applied accordingly to this two-sided comb element 15. Likewise, the comb webs 16 and 18 at the lower edge of the base plate 17 are deeper than that Comb webs 16 and 18 on the upper edge of the base plate 17 to the bend of the X-ray detector 8 replicate.
  • FIG. 11 shows the composition of flat slats 19 (FIG. 10) and two-sided Comb elements 15 shown.
  • a frame 13 In a frame 13 are bilateral comb elements 15 arranged alternately with lamellae 19, so that an anti-scatter grid 3 is formed.
  • the Comb webs 16 and 18 each adjoin the adjacent slats 19. Also here the length of the anti-scatter grid 3 can be increased by increasing the number of used enlarge double-sided comb elements 15 and slats 19.
  • Scattered radiation gratings are used in addition to computer tomography for radiology.
  • a curvature of the anti-scatter grid 3 is not necessary here, since the X-ray detector 8 is even.
  • Such anti-scatter grids typically have different dimensions on than those previously mentioned. In these areas of application, however, fewer occur Vibrations.
  • the frames of these anti-scatter grids have larger dimensions and the comb elements 12 or 15 to be used are also larger. Due to the very good inherent stability of the comb elements 15 can be with this training cover a very large area of application.
  • the comb elements can be adjusted depending on the resolution or pixel size of the anti-scatter grid Manufacture 12 or 15, for example, by milling, sintering or injection molding. At the Injection molding it is possible to absorb an X-ray base Mix materials.
  • An anti-scatter grid 3 can also be arranged by stringing together two-sided comb elements 15 form without lamellae 19 are arranged between them.
  • the comb elements 12 or 15 can also be made using spacers be arranged so that an anti-scatter grid is formed.
  • an inner or core area of an anti-scatter grid with a higher resolution to provide what can be achieved by a very fine-meshed grid.
  • the resolution be smaller, so that the anti-scatter grid can have larger grid openings here.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
EP00203370A 1999-10-02 2000-09-26 Grille pour l'absorption des rayons-x Expired - Lifetime EP1089297B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19947537 1999-10-02
DE19947537A DE19947537A1 (de) 1999-10-02 1999-10-02 Gitter zur Absorption von Röntgenstrahlung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1089297A2 true EP1089297A2 (fr) 2001-04-04
EP1089297A3 EP1089297A3 (fr) 2004-02-04
EP1089297B1 EP1089297B1 (fr) 2008-10-15

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EP00203370A Expired - Lifetime EP1089297B1 (fr) 1999-10-02 2000-09-26 Grille pour l'absorption des rayons-x

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6363136B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1089297B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001137234A (fr)
DE (2) DE19947537A1 (fr)

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DE10202987A1 (de) * 2002-01-26 2003-07-31 Philips Intellectual Property Gitter zur Absorption von Röntgenstrahlung
EP1634303B1 (fr) * 2003-06-01 2008-09-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Collimateur de rayons x anti-diffusion destine a des scanners de tomodensitometrie
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JP5616895B2 (ja) * 2008-10-13 2014-10-29 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ 電磁放射線の選択透過のためのグリッドの製造方法および散乱線除去グリッド
JP5148529B2 (ja) * 2009-02-19 2013-02-20 三菱重工業株式会社 放射線コリメータ及びこれを備えた放射線検出器
JP5405866B2 (ja) * 2009-03-24 2014-02-05 株式会社東芝 コリメータ、放射線検出器、及びｘ線ｃｔ装置
DE102009052627B4 (de) * 2009-11-10 2012-07-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Streustrahlungskollimator und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Streustrahlungskollimators
FR2954127B1 (fr) * 2009-12-22 2015-10-30 Oreal Agent de coloration et/ou de decoloration des fibres keratiniques en deux parties, comprenant un corps gras et un agent sequestrant.
WO2012000694A1 (fr) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-05 Paul Scherrer Institut Procédé de radiographie à contraste de phase et en champ noir utilisant un agencement de réseaux en géométrie plane
JP5667798B2 (ja) * 2010-06-29 2015-02-12 ジーイー・メディカル・システムズ・グローバル・テクノロジー・カンパニー・エルエルシー コリメータモジュール、多列ｘ線検出器及びｘ線ｃｔ装置
CN103222010A (zh) * 2010-10-08 2013-07-24 海龟湾合伙有限责任公司 三维聚焦防散射栅格及其制造方法
US9048002B2 (en) * 2010-10-08 2015-06-02 Turtle Bay Partners, Llc Three-dimensional focused anti-scatter grid and method for manufacturing thereof
US20120087462A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-12 Abdelaziz Ikhlef Hybrid collimator for x-rays and method of making same
JP5674507B2 (ja) * 2011-02-28 2015-02-25 ジーイー・メディカル・システムズ・グローバル・テクノロジー・カンパニー・エルエルシー ２次元コリメータモジュール、ｘ線検出器、ｘ線ｃｔ装置、２次元コリメータモジュールの組立て方法、および２次元コリメータ装置の製造方法。
DE102011103851B4 (de) * 2011-05-26 2019-05-29 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Gittermodul eines Streustrahlungsgitters, modulares Streustrahlungsgitter, CT-Detektor und CT-System
US8976935B2 (en) * 2012-12-21 2015-03-10 General Electric Company Collimator grid and an associated method of fabrication
CN104057083B (zh) * 2013-03-22 2016-02-24 通用电气公司 用于制造以高熔点金属材料为基材的零件的方法
DE102014218462A1 (de) * 2014-09-15 2016-03-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kollimatormoduls und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kollimatorbrücke sowie Kollimatormodul, Kollimatorbrücke, Kollimator und Tomographiegerät
US9993219B2 (en) * 2015-03-18 2018-06-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University X-ray anti-scatter grid with varying grid ratio
CN106226916A (zh) * 2016-07-26 2016-12-14 中国科学院高能物理研究所 光学准直器及其加工方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001137234A (ja) 2001-05-22
US6363136B1 (en) 2002-03-26
DE50015401D1 (de) 2008-11-27
EP1089297B1 (fr) 2008-10-15
DE19947537A1 (de) 2001-04-05
EP1089297A3 (fr) 2004-02-04

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