EP0945679B1 - Gas burner for cooking appliances - Google Patents

Gas burner for cooking appliances Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0945679B1
EP0945679B1 EP99400629A EP99400629A EP0945679B1 EP 0945679 B1 EP0945679 B1 EP 0945679B1 EP 99400629 A EP99400629 A EP 99400629A EP 99400629 A EP99400629 A EP 99400629A EP 0945679 B1 EP0945679 B1 EP 0945679B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
cap
gas
gas burner
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99400629A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0945679A1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Grandveau
Alain Meslif
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engie SA
Original Assignee
Gaz de France SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaz de France SA filed Critical Gaz de France SA
Publication of EP0945679A1 publication Critical patent/EP0945679A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/06—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with radial outlets at the burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas burner for cooking.
  • a gas burner for cooking.
  • Such a burner provides outlet openings for an air / gas mixture, at which flames can form.
  • burners are designed to be able to operate regardless of the supply gas: city, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas.
  • the flames that form on the gas / air mixture outlet ports remain stable, even if the characteristics of the air / gas mixture.
  • the main flames that form at these holes are stabilized by a small flame, generated at the base and possibly above the flames main.
  • This pilot flame is used to heat the air / gas mixture of the main flame and relight in permanently the main flame.
  • An example of such a burner has a cap having a peripheral rim, through which the cap rests on a support. Slots are provided in this rim for the outlet of the air / gas mixture.
  • slots are narrow and their walls have a profile trapezoidal. So at the part of each slot having a high thickness corresponds to a low exit speed of the mixture which allows retention of flames, while at the part of the slot presenting a thin corresponds to a mixing flow important.
  • the hat which comprises the orifices of outlet of the air / gas mixture and it must also be made of a material resistant to temperatures which is not the case for aluminum.
  • burner of this type is produced in two parts, a cast iron or enamelled steel hat which is placed on a head, made of injected aluminum.
  • the head has a base that supports a skirt peripheral. It is in this skirt that the air / gas mixture outlet ports.
  • holes are formed by more or less slots deep, arranged alternately.
  • the hat rests directly on the burner head skirt.
  • Small slits laminate the air / gas mixture and produce flames that are shorter than main flames from the deepest slits. These main flames are thus stabilized.
  • the main slots must be very spaced and the diameter of the burner head is therefore relatively large.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of known burners by proposing a burner gas suitable for different combustion gases, including manufacturing cost is reduced and that is compatible with mass production and can be used with reduced grid height and in a wide range of gas power.
  • the invention relates to a gas burner for cooking appliances, comprising a head and a cap intended to be placed on the head, the head comprising a base pierced with a hole for the supply of mixture air / gas and supporting a peripheral skirt in which slots are provided which are substantially perpendicular to the plan of the base, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of studs on the upper face of said skirt, each of them being substantially equidistant between two adjacent slots and located at least partly in the inner half of the upper side of said skirt, said studs thus providing a space between the hat and head in which part of the mixture air / gas is laminated.
  • the width of said studs is less than half the thickness between two adjacent slots.
  • the depth of the studs is less than half the depth of the slots or still of the thickness of the peripheral skirt.
  • each pad has one side located in the plane of the inner edge of the skirt.
  • the burner cap is slightly overflowing and has on the periphery of its inner face a lip forming a beak, oriented towards the head.
  • the hat also includes a boss which is substantially centered on its inner face.
  • the invention also relates to a gas burner for a Cooktop.
  • the orifice made in the base of the head of burner allows the supply of gas from a injector and the base has a suitable shape for make an air / gas mixer with the burner cap.
  • the hat has hollow in its inside face a dome whose concavity is turned towards the burner head.
  • this dome forms a portion of surface spherical whose center is located on the injector and whose radius corresponds to the distance between the dome and the injector.
  • the head and the hat have a shape substantially circular or even oval.
  • the burner head is advantageously produced by aluminum injection, while the cap is obtained by casting or forming cast iron or steel.
  • Figure 1 illustrates partially the two constituent elements of the gas according to the invention: the cap 1 and the head 2 which both have a generally circular shape.
  • the invention is not limited to this particular form and the hat and head can also have a Oval shape.
  • the cap 1 has on the periphery of its inner face 11, a flange 12 forming a beak whose function will be described later.
  • the hat also has a boss 13 on its face internal 11 and which is substantially centered.
  • the function of this boss and that of the rim 14 provided between the boss 13 and the flange 12 will also be described in the continuation of the description.
  • the burner head 2 has a base 20 which is hole 21 for supplying the mixture air / gas.
  • the base 20 is substantially flat.
  • the gas comes from an injector which is not illustrated on Figure 1.
  • the base 20 supports a peripheral skirt 22, the outer periphery is bent towards the center of the base.
  • slots 23 which are substantially perpendicular to the plane of the base 20. These slots extend over part of the height of the skirt 22 and are relatively narrow.
  • the pad 25 is preferably substantially centered or at equal distance between the two adjacent slots 23.
  • the stud 25 is placed towards the inner edge 26 of the skirt 22.
  • the stud 25 is located, at least partly in the inner half 27 of the face upper 24 of skirt 22, as delimited by dashed lines in Figure 2.
  • the pads 25 are completely located in this inner half 27, and in particular, comprise one side located in the plane of the inner edge 26 of the skirt 22, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the depth f of the studs is preferably less than half the depth e of the slots main 23, or even less than half of the thickness of the skirt 22. Under these conditions, the studs 25 can be completely located on half inner 27 of the upper face 24 of the skirt 22.
  • the width d of the studs 25 is, from preferably less than half the thickness c of the skirt 22 has between two adjacent slots 23.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the presence of the studs 25 makes it possible to provide a space between the burner head 2 and the burner cap 1.
  • Figure 4 shows that the rim 14 formed on the face internal of the cap 1 allows positioning, so relatively stable, the cap on the burner head.
  • An air / gas mixture arrives in the space formed between the burner head and cap, through orifice 21 in the base 20.
  • the corresponding flow is illustrated by arrow F.
  • This gas / air mixture flow then goes to the outlet orifices constituted by the slots 23 and the space provided between the studs 25.
  • the part of the air / gas mixture which passes between the studs 25 is laminated by the passage between the face upper part of the skirt and the inner side of the hat.
  • the burner according to the invention has so an uninterrupted slit under the hat at which develops the pilot flame which goes thus stabilize the main flames from above.
  • the cap 1 has on its inner face 11, a rim 12 forming beak and directed towards the head.
  • the hat protrudes slightly from the head, so that the ledge 12 is located at a distance from the flame outlet main and pilot.
  • This rim creates turbulence in the flame pilot. This defines a recirculation zone for the pilot flame with the top of the main flames, this which helps stabilize them.
  • this rim 12 allows the pilot flame arranged above the main flames to be as effective that a pilot flame arranged at the base of the flames main.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the shape of the main flames, when the air / gas mixture flow is relatively strong.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the shape of the main flames, when the air / gas mixture flow is reduced.
  • the main flame naturally comes to nest under the burner cap 1. Due to the continuity of the slot under the burner cap for pilot flame, this ensures the reignition of the part of the main flames that would come to go out, for example due to a draft.
  • the burner according to the invention allowed proper operation over a wide air / gas mixture flow value range.
  • the operation of the burner is possible in a relationship between minimum flow and flow nominal air / gas mixture which is of the order of 1/10.
  • the cap 1 of the burner also has a boss 13 on its face interior 11.
  • This boss decreases the speed of the part of the mixture air / gas which passes through the space provided between the studs and between the upper side of the skirt and the inner side of the hat, which is illustrated by the arrows F2 on the Figures 4 and 5.
  • This boss significantly improves stability flames, with gases tending to blowing.
  • This burner can therefore be more ventilated in primary air than burners that do not have such a slot for the pilot flame.
  • the burner according to the invention can operate with a height under the grid, i.e. with a height between the hob and the bottom of a container, which is limited.
  • This burner can for example operate with a height under grid between 25 and 30 mm, while the traditional burners require a height under grid between 35 and 45 mm.
  • the slots 23 of the burner head are relatively spaced from each other.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a burner according to the invention, designed for a table cooking.
  • the space available for the gas injector and the air / gas mixer is relatively small, by compared to a conventional stove.
  • the burner has a cap 3 and a head 4.
  • the base 40 of the head 4 is not entirely flat. Her central part which has an orifice 41 for the gas supply is slightly raised by relative to the base of the slots 43 and then goes in declining towards the skirt 42.
  • Reference 5 designates the gas injector, this gas is brought to the burner through orifice 41.
  • This particular shape of the base 40 allows mix the air / gas in the space defined between the hat and base.
  • this type of mixer is very sensitive to the positioning accuracy of the injector relative to axis 6 of the burner. For example, if the angle ⁇ that forms the injector with axis 6 of the burner is of the order of 1 °, this will produce a visible asymmetry of the flames which is due to local variations in air / gas ratio in the mixture.
  • the cap 3 comprises a dome 35 which is hollowed out in the boss 33 provided on the inner face 31 of the cap 3.
  • This dome has a concavity turned towards the base 40 of the burner head.
  • this dome 35 defines a portion of spherical surface whose center is located at injector 5 and whose radius corresponds to the distance between the dome and the injector.
  • this dome 35 ensures a correct operation of the burner, even if angle a is about 3 ° and if the axis of the injector is spread about 2 mm from axis 6 of the burner (reference p).
  • This dome 35 therefore improves the flexibility of the mounting of the burner according to the invention.
  • a stud is systematically provided between two slots for the flames main.
  • a burner according to the invention can comprise a more limited number of studs, insofar as the planned studs effectively generate a pilot flame, separate from the main flame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The burner consists of a head (2) made up of a base (20) with a central feed aperture (21) for the air/gas mixture, surrounded by a skirt (22) with radial outlet slits (23). The head is covered by a cap (1) and the upper edge of the skirt has a series of projecting studs (25). The studs are narrower than the distance between adjacent slits and are spaced equidistantly between them; they are located round the inner edge of the skirt.

Description

L'invention concerne un brûleur à gaz pour appareils de cuisson. Un tel brûleur ménage des orifices de sortie pour un mélange air/gaz, au niveau desquels des flammes peuvent se former.The invention relates to a gas burner for cooking. Such a burner provides outlet openings for an air / gas mixture, at which flames can form.

De façon générale, les brûleurs sont conçus pour pouvoir fonctionner quel que soit le gaz d'alimentation : gaz de ville, gaz naturel ou gaz de pétrole liquéfié.Generally, burners are designed to be able to operate regardless of the supply gas: city, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas.

Il convient en particulier que les flammes qui se forment sur les orifices de sortie du mélange gaz/air restent stables, même en cas de variation des caractéristiques du mélange air/gaz.In particular, the flames that form on the gas / air mixture outlet ports remain stable, even if the characteristics of the air / gas mixture.

Plusieurs solutions ont déjà été proposées pour réaliser des brûleurs multigaz.Several solutions have already been proposed to achieve multigas burners.

On peut tout d'abord citer les brûleurs dits "à stabilisation par flamme pilote". Ces brûleurs comportent un chapeau dont le rebord est percé de trous et qui repose sur un support.We can first of all cite the so-called "burners" pilot flame stabilization ". These burners have a hat whose rim is pierced with holes and which rests on a support.

Les flammes principales qui se forment au niveau de ces trous sont stabilisées par une petite flamme, générée à la base et éventuellement au-dessus des flammes principales. Cette flamme pilote permet de réchauffer le mélange air/gaz de la flamme principale et rallume en permanence la flamme principale.The main flames that form at these holes are stabilized by a small flame, generated at the base and possibly above the flames main. This pilot flame is used to heat the air / gas mixture of the main flame and relight in permanently the main flame.

Cette solution a maintenant tendance a être abandonnée, car le brûleur est d'un coût de fabrication élevé. Par ailleurs, ce brûleur ne peut pas fonctionner à des puissances de gaz faibles. En effet, dans ce cas la flamme pilote a tendance à s'éteindre et les flammes principales deviennent alors sensibles aux courants d'air. Enfin, à une puissance élevée de la flamme pilote, le brûleur produit du CO. This solution now tends to be abandoned, because the burner has a high manufacturing cost. Through elsewhere, this burner cannot operate at low gas powers. Indeed, in this case the pilot flame tends to go out and the flames then become sensitive to currents air. Finally, at a high power of the pilot flame, the burner produces CO.

D'autres brûleurs, dits "autostabilisés", assurent la stabilisation des flammes grâce à une forme particulière de la section de sortie du mélange air/gaz. Un tel brûleur est montré dans le brevet FR 2 161 354.Other burners, called "self-stabilized", ensure the flame stabilization thanks to a special shape of the air / gas mixture outlet section. Such a burner is shown in patent FR 2 161 354.

Un exemple de brûleur de ce type comporte un chapeau présentant un rebord périphérique, par lequel le chapeau repose sur un support. Des fentes sont ménagées dans ce rebord pour la sortie du mélange air/gaz.An example of such a burner has a cap having a peripheral rim, through which the cap rests on a support. Slots are provided in this rim for the outlet of the air / gas mixture.

Ces fentes sont étroites et leurs parois ont un profil trapézoïdal. Ainsi, à la partie de chaque fente présentant une forte épaisseur correspond une faible vitesse de sortie du mélange qui permet une retenue des flammes, tandis qu'à la partie de la fente présentant une faible épaisseur correspond un débit de mélange important.These slots are narrow and their walls have a profile trapezoidal. So at the part of each slot having a high thickness corresponds to a low exit speed of the mixture which allows retention of flames, while at the part of the slot presenting a thin corresponds to a mixing flow important.

Cette solution a connu un vif succès mais elle a été peu à peu abandonnée car elle n'est pas adaptée aux techniques nouvelles utilisant l'injection d'aluminium.This solution was a great success but it was little gradually abandoned because it is not suitable for new techniques using aluminum injection.

En effet, c'est le chapeau qui comporte les orifices de sortie du mélange air/gaz et il doit, par ailleurs, être réalisé en un matériau résistant à des températures élevées, ce qui n'est pas le cas de l'aluminium.Indeed, it is the hat which comprises the orifices of outlet of the air / gas mixture and it must also be made of a material resistant to temperatures which is not the case for aluminum.

Un autre exemple de brûleur de ce type est réalisé en deux parties, un chapeau en fonte ou acier émaillé qui est posé sur une tête, réalisée en aluminium injecté.Another example of a burner of this type is produced in two parts, a cast iron or enamelled steel hat which is placed on a head, made of injected aluminum.

La tête comporte une embase qui supporte une jupe périphérique. C'est dans cette jupe que sont formés les orifices de sortie du mélange air/gaz. The head has a base that supports a skirt peripheral. It is in this skirt that the air / gas mixture outlet ports.

Ces orifices sont constitués par des fentes plus ou moins profondes, disposées en alternance. Le chapeau repose directement sur la jupe de la tête de brûleur.These holes are formed by more or less slots deep, arranged alternately. The hat rests directly on the burner head skirt.

Les petites fentes laminent le mélange air/gaz et produisent des flammes qui sont plus courtes que les flammes principales issues des fentes les plus profondes. Ces flammes principales sont ainsi stabilisées.Small slits laminate the air / gas mixture and produce flames that are shorter than main flames from the deepest slits. These main flames are thus stabilized.

On a pu constater qu'avec ce type de brûleur, le gaz ne s'enflammait pas directement au contact de la tête de brûleur. Puisque ces brûleurs sont sensibles au soufflage des flammes, la proportion d'air dans le mélange air/gaz doit être limitée. Du fait de cette aération plus faible en air primaire, ces brûleurs nécessitent une bonne aération secondaire.We could see that with this type of burner, the gas does not did not ignite directly on contact with the head burner. Since these burners are sensitive to blowing flames, the proportion of air in the air / gas mixture must be limited. Due to this lower ventilation in primary air, these burners require good secondary ventilation.

Pour cela, les fentes principales doivent être très espacées et le diamètre de la tête de brûleur est donc relativement important. Par ailleurs, il est nécessaire de prévoir une hauteur sous grille relativement importante, toujours pour favoriser l'aération secondaire.For this, the main slots must be very spaced and the diameter of the burner head is therefore relatively large. By the way, it is necessary to provide a height under the grid relatively important, always to promote ventilation secondary.

La présente invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients des brûleurs connus en proposant un brûleur à gaz adapté aux différents gaz de combustion, dont le coût de fabrication est réduit et qui est compatible avec une production en grande série et peut être utilisé avec une hauteur sous grille réduite et dans une large gamme de puissance de gaz.The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of known burners by proposing a burner gas suitable for different combustion gases, including manufacturing cost is reduced and that is compatible with mass production and can be used with reduced grid height and in a wide range of gas power.

Ainsi, l'invention concerne un brûleur à gaz pour appareils de cuisson, comportant une tête et un chapeau destiné à être posé sur la tête, la tête comportant une embase percée d'un orifice pour l'alimentation en mélange air/gaz et supportant une jupe périphérique dans laquelle sont ménagées des fentes sensiblement perpendiculaires au plan de l'embase, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de plots sur la face supérieure de ladite jupe, chacun d'eux étant sensiblement à égale distance entre deux fentes adjacentes et situé au moins en partie dans la moitié intérieure de la face supérieure de ladite jupe, lesdits plots ménageant ainsi un espace entre le chapeau et la tête dans lequel une partie du mélange air/gaz est laminée.Thus, the invention relates to a gas burner for cooking appliances, comprising a head and a cap intended to be placed on the head, the head comprising a base pierced with a hole for the supply of mixture air / gas and supporting a peripheral skirt in which slots are provided which are substantially perpendicular to the plan of the base, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of studs on the upper face of said skirt, each of them being substantially equidistant between two adjacent slots and located at least partly in the inner half of the upper side of said skirt, said studs thus providing a space between the hat and head in which part of the mixture air / gas is laminated.

De préférence, la largeur desdits plots est inférieure à la moitié de l'épaisseur entre deux fentes adjacentes.Preferably, the width of said studs is less than half the thickness between two adjacent slots.

Egalement de préférence, la profondeur des plots est inférieure à la moitié de la profondeur des fentes ou encore de l'épaisseur de la jupe périphérique.Also preferably, the depth of the studs is less than half the depth of the slots or still of the thickness of the peripheral skirt.

Dans un mode préféré de réalisation, chaque plot comporte un côté situé dans le plan du bord intérieur de la jupe.In a preferred embodiment, each pad has one side located in the plane of the inner edge of the skirt.

De façon avantageuse, le chapeau du brûleur est légèrement débordant et comporte sur la périphérie de sa face intérieure un rebord formant bec, orienté vers la tête.Advantageously, the burner cap is slightly overflowing and has on the periphery of its inner face a lip forming a beak, oriented towards the head.

Avantageusement, le chapeau comporte également un bossage qui est sensiblement centré sur sa face intérieure.Advantageously, the hat also includes a boss which is substantially centered on its inner face.

L'invention concerne également un brûleur à gaz pour une table de cuisson.The invention also relates to a gas burner for a Cooktop.

Dans ce cas, l'orifice ménagé dans l'embase de la tête de brûleur permet l'alimentation en gaz provenant d'un injecteur et l'embase présente une forme appropriée pour réaliser un mélangeur air/gaz avec le chapeau du brûleur. In this case, the orifice made in the base of the head of burner allows the supply of gas from a injector and the base has a suitable shape for make an air / gas mixer with the burner cap.

Selon l'invention, le chapeau comporte en creux dans sa face intérieure un dôme dont la concavité est tournée vers la tête de brûleur.According to the invention, the hat has hollow in its inside face a dome whose concavity is turned towards the burner head.

De façon préférée, ce dôme forme une portion de surface sphérique dont le centre est situé sur l'injecteur et dont le rayon correspond à la distance entre le dôme et l'injecteur.Preferably, this dome forms a portion of surface spherical whose center is located on the injector and whose radius corresponds to the distance between the dome and the injector.

De préférence, la tête et le chapeau ont une forme sensiblement circulaire ou encore ovale.Preferably, the head and the hat have a shape substantially circular or even oval.

La tête de brûleur est avantageusement réalisée par injection d'aluminium, tandis que le chapeau est obtenu par moulage ou formage de fonte ou d'acier.The burner head is advantageously produced by aluminum injection, while the cap is obtained by casting or forming cast iron or steel.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, avantages et caractéristiques de celle-ci apparaítront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes non limitatifs de réalisation de l'invention, description qui est faite au regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée, avec un arrachement partiel, d'un brûleur selon l'invention,
  • La figure 2 est une demi-vue de dessus de la tête du brûleur selon l'invention,
  • La figure 3 est une vue agrandie du détail A de la figure 2,
  • La figure 4 est une demi-vue en coupe axiale du brûleur selon l'invention, avec une flamme principale correspondant à un débit de mélange air/gaz important,
  • La figure 5 est une vue partielle de dessus de la tête du brûleur selon l'invention, montrant la circulation du mélange air/gaz,
  • La figure 6 est une demi-vue en coupe axiale du brûleur selon l'invention, avec une flamme principale correspondant à un débit réduit de mélange air/gaz, et
  • La figure 7 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un brûleur selon l'invention destiné à une table de cuisson.
The invention will be better understood and other objects, advantages and characteristics thereof will appear more clearly on reading the following description of nonlimiting embodiments of the invention, which description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings on which ones :
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view, with a partial cutaway, of a burner according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a half top view of the burner head according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of detail A of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a half-view in axial section of the burner according to the invention, with a main flame corresponding to a high air / gas mixture flow rate,
  • FIG. 5 is a partial top view of the burner head according to the invention, showing the circulation of the air / gas mixture,
  • FIG. 6 is a half-view in axial section of the burner according to the invention, with a main flame corresponding to a reduced flow rate of air / gas mixture, and
  • Figure 7 is an axial sectional view of a burner according to the invention intended for a hob.

Les éléments communs aux différentes figures seront désignés par les mêmes repères.The elements common to the different figures will be designated by the same references.

On se réfère tout d'abord à la figure 1 qui illustre partiellement les deux éléments constitutifs du brûleur à gaz selon l'invention : le chapeau 1 et la tête 2 qui présentent tous les deux une forme générale circulaire. L'invention n'est pas limitée à cette forme particulière et le chapeau et la tête peuvent également présenter une forme ovale.We first refer to Figure 1 which illustrates partially the two constituent elements of the gas according to the invention: the cap 1 and the head 2 which both have a generally circular shape. The invention is not limited to this particular form and the hat and head can also have a Oval shape.

Le chapeau 1 comporte en périphérie de sa face intérieure 11, un rebord 12 formant bec dont la fonction sera décrite ultérieurement.The cap 1 has on the periphery of its inner face 11, a flange 12 forming a beak whose function will be described later.

Le chapeau comporte également un bossage 13 sur sa face interne 11 et qui est sensiblement centré. La fonction de ce bossage et celle du rebord 14 prévu entre le bossage 13 et le rebord 12 seront également décrites dans la suite de la description.The hat also has a boss 13 on its face internal 11 and which is substantially centered. The function of this boss and that of the rim 14 provided between the boss 13 and the flange 12 will also be described in the continuation of the description.

La tête 2 du brûleur comporte une embase 20 qui est percée d'un orifice 21 pour l'alimentation en mélange air/gaz. L'embase 20 est sensiblement plane. The burner head 2 has a base 20 which is hole 21 for supplying the mixture air / gas. The base 20 is substantially flat.

Le gaz provient d'un injecteur qui n'est pas illustré sur la figure 1.The gas comes from an injector which is not illustrated on Figure 1.

L'embase 20 supporte une jupe périphérique 22, dont la périphérie extérieure est infléchie vers le centre de l'embase.The base 20 supports a peripheral skirt 22, the outer periphery is bent towards the center of the base.

Dans cette jupe périphérique 22 sont ménagées des fentes 23 qui sont sensiblement perpendiculaires au plan de l'embase 20. Ces fentes s'étendent sur une partie de la hauteur de la jupe 22 et sont relativement étroites.In this peripheral skirt 22 are provided slots 23 which are substantially perpendicular to the plane of the base 20. These slots extend over part of the height of the skirt 22 and are relatively narrow.

Sur la face supérieure 24 de la jupe 22, sont prévus des plots 25.On the upper face 24 of the skirt 22, there are provided studs 25.

Comme l'illustrent également les figures 2 et 3, on prévoit un plot entre deux fentes adjacentes 23.As also illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, provides a stud between two adjacent slots 23.

Le plot 25 est, de préférence, sensiblement centré ou à égale distance entre les deux fentes adjacentes 23.The pad 25 is preferably substantially centered or at equal distance between the two adjacent slots 23.

Par ailleurs, le plot 25 est placé vers le bord intérieur 26 de la jupe 22. Ainsi, le plot 25 est situé, au moins en partie, dans la moitié intérieure 27 de la face supérieure 24 de la jupe 22, comme délimitée par les traits pointillés sur la figure 2.Furthermore, the stud 25 is placed towards the inner edge 26 of the skirt 22. Thus, the stud 25 is located, at least partly in the inner half 27 of the face upper 24 of skirt 22, as delimited by dashed lines in Figure 2.

De préférence, les plots 25 sont complètement situés dans cette moitié intérieure 27, et en particulier, comportent un côté situé dans le plan du bord intérieur 26 de la jupe 22, comme illustré sur les figures 1 et 2.Preferably, the pads 25 are completely located in this inner half 27, and in particular, comprise one side located in the plane of the inner edge 26 of the skirt 22, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 3, pour donner des dimensions préférées des plots 25.We now refer to Figure 3, to give preferred dimensions of the studs 25.

Ainsi, la profondeur f des plots est, de préférence, inférieure à la moitié de la profondeur e des fentes principales 23, ou encore inférieure à la moitié de l'épaisseur de la jupe 22. Dans ces conditions, les plots 25 peuvent être complètement situés sur la moitié intérieure 27 de la face supérieure 24 de la jupe 22.Thus, the depth f of the studs is preferably less than half the depth e of the slots main 23, or even less than half of the thickness of the skirt 22. Under these conditions, the studs 25 can be completely located on half inner 27 of the upper face 24 of the skirt 22.

Par ailleurs, la largeur d des plots 25 est, de préférence, inférieure à la moitié de l'épaisseur c de la jupe 22 présente entre deux fentes 23 adjacentes.Furthermore, the width d of the studs 25 is, from preferably less than half the thickness c of the skirt 22 has between two adjacent slots 23.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 4 qui montre que la présence des plots 25 permet de ménager un espace entre la tête du brûleur 2 et le chapeau du brûleur 1.We now refer to Figure 4 which shows that the presence of the studs 25 makes it possible to provide a space between the burner head 2 and the burner cap 1.

La figure 4 montre que le rebord 14 ménagé sur la face interne du chapeau 1 permet de positionner, de façon relativement stable, le chapeau sur la tête du brûleur.Figure 4 shows that the rim 14 formed on the face internal of the cap 1 allows positioning, so relatively stable, the cap on the burner head.

Le fonctionnement du brûleur selon l'invention va maintenant être expliqué en référence aux figures 4 à 6.The operation of the burner according to the invention will now be explained with reference to Figures 4 to 6.

Un mélange air/gaz, produit par un mélangeur non illustré sur les figures, arrive dans l'espace ménagé entre la tête et le chapeau du brûleur, par l'orifice 21 ménagé dans l'embase 20. Le flux correspondant est illustré par la flèche F.An air / gas mixture, produced by a mixer not shown in the figures, arrives in the space formed between the burner head and cap, through orifice 21 in the base 20. The corresponding flow is illustrated by arrow F.

Ce flux de mélange gaz/air se dirige alors vers les orifices de sortie constitués par les fentes 23 et l'espace ménagé entre les plots 25.This gas / air mixture flow then goes to the outlet orifices constituted by the slots 23 and the space provided between the studs 25.

La partie la plus importante du mélange gaz/air, illustrée par la flèche F1 sort par les fentes 23. C'est au niveau de ces fentes que les flammes principales vont se former.The most important part of the gas / air mixture, illustrated by the arrow F1 exits through the slots 23. It is at these slots that the main flames go form.

Une fraction du mélange gaz/air, illustrée par la flèche F2, s'écoule dans l'espace ménagé entre les plots et entre la face supérieure 24 de la jupe et la face intérieure 11 du chapeau.A fraction of the gas / air mixture, illustrated by the arrow F2, flows into the space between the studs and between the upper face 24 of the skirt and the face inner 11 of the hat.

Cette circulation du mélange air/gaz, dans les fentes 23 et dans cet espace, est également illustrée sur la figure 5.This circulation of the air / gas mixture in the slots 23 and in this space is also illustrated in the figure 5.

La partie du mélange air/gaz qui passe entre les plots 25 est laminée par le passage ménagé entre la face supérieure de la jupe et la face intérieure du chapeau.The part of the air / gas mixture which passes between the studs 25 is laminated by the passage between the face upper part of the skirt and the inner side of the hat.

A ce niveau, une flamme de pilotage va se développer. Vu de l'extérieur, le brûleur selon l'invention présente donc une fente ininterrompue sous le chapeau au niveau de laquelle se développe la flamme de pilotage qui va ainsi stabiliser les flammes principales par le haut.At this level, a pilot flame will develop. Viewed from the outside, the burner according to the invention has so an uninterrupted slit under the hat at which develops the pilot flame which goes thus stabilize the main flames from above.

Il a été mis en évidence que le positionnement des plots 25 était important. En particulier, le brûleur ne fonctionne pas de façon appropriée lorsque les plots sont situés sur le bord latéral 28 des fentes 23.It was highlighted that the positioning of the studs 25 was important. In particular, the burner does not not working properly when the studs are located on the lateral edge 28 of the slots 23.

Il a été également montré que le fonctionnement du brûleur était sensiblement amélioré lorsque les plots étaient positionnés vers le bord intérieur 26 de la jupe périphérique 22. En particulier, le brûleur ne fonctionne pas de manière satisfaisante lorsque les plots sont situés sur le bord extérieur 29 de la jupe périphérique.It has also been shown that the functioning of the burner was significantly improved when the studs were positioned towards the inner edge 26 of the skirt device 22. In particular, the burner does not work not satisfactorily when the studs are located on the outer edge 29 of the peripheral skirt.

Comme déjà illustré sur la figure 1, le chapeau 1 comporte sur sa face intérieure 11, un rebord 12 formant bec et orienté vers la tête.As already illustrated in Figure 1, the cap 1 has on its inner face 11, a rim 12 forming beak and directed towards the head.

Le chapeau déborde légèrement de la tête, si bien que le rebord 12 est situé à distance de la sortie des flammes principales et pilote. The hat protrudes slightly from the head, so that the ledge 12 is located at a distance from the flame outlet main and pilot.

Ce rebord permet de créer une turbulence dans la flamme pilote. Celle-ci définit une zone de recirculation de la flamme pilote avec le haut des flammes principales, ce qui contribue à les stabiliser.This rim creates turbulence in the flame pilot. This defines a recirculation zone for the pilot flame with the top of the main flames, this which helps stabilize them.

Ainsi, ce rebord 12 permet à la flamme pilote disposée au-dessus des flammes principales d'être aussi efficace qu'une flamme pilote disposée à la base des flammes principales.Thus, this rim 12 allows the pilot flame arranged above the main flames to be as effective that a pilot flame arranged at the base of the flames main.

La figure 4 illustre la forme des flammes principales, lorsque le débit de mélange air/gaz est relativement fort.Figure 4 illustrates the shape of the main flames, when the air / gas mixture flow is relatively strong.

La figure 6 illustre la forme des flammes principales, lorsque le débit de mélange air/gaz est réduit. Dans ce cas, la flamme principale vient naturellement se nicher sous le chapeau 1 du brûleur. Du fait de la continuité de la fente ménagée sous le chapeau du brûleur pour la flamme de pilotage, celle-ci assure le réallumage de la partie des flammes principales qui viendraient à s'éteindre, par exemple du fait d'un courant d'air.Figure 6 illustrates the shape of the main flames, when the air / gas mixture flow is reduced. In this case, the main flame naturally comes to nest under the burner cap 1. Due to the continuity of the slot under the burner cap for pilot flame, this ensures the reignition of the part of the main flames that would come to go out, for example due to a draft.

On a pu ainsi constater que le brûleur selon l'invention permettait un fonctionnement approprié dans une large gamme de valeur de débit du mélange air/gaz. En particulier, le fonctionnement du brûleur est possible dans un rapport entre le débit minimum et le débit nominal du mélange air/gaz qui est de l'ordre de 1/10.It has thus been found that the burner according to the invention allowed proper operation over a wide air / gas mixture flow value range. In particular, the operation of the burner is possible in a relationship between minimum flow and flow nominal air / gas mixture which is of the order of 1/10.

Comme déjà illustré sur la figure 1, le chapeau 1 du brûleur comporte également un bossage 13 sur sa face intérieure 11.As already illustrated in FIG. 1, the cap 1 of the burner also has a boss 13 on its face interior 11.

Ce bossage diminue la vitesse de la partie du mélange air/gaz qui passe dans l'espace ménagé entre les plots et entre la face supérieure de la jupe et la face intérieure du chapeau, qui est illustrée par les flèches F2 sur les figures 4 et 5.This boss decreases the speed of the part of the mixture air / gas which passes through the space provided between the studs and between the upper side of the skirt and the inner side of the hat, which is illustrated by the arrows F2 on the Figures 4 and 5.

Ce bossage permet d'améliorer sensiblement la stabilité des flammes, avec des gaz ayant une tendance au soufflage.This boss significantly improves stability flames, with gases tending to blowing.

De façon générale, on constate que le passage ou fente ménagé entre la face supérieure de la jupe et le chapeau apporte une meilleure stabilisation des flammes principales. Ceci est notamment dû au fait que la flamme pilote est, en pratique, reliée aux flammes principales, ce qui permet d'utiliser le brûleur dans une grande gamme de débit de mélange air/gaz.In general, we see that the passage or slot formed between the upper face of the skirt and the hat provides better flame stabilization main. This is notably due to the fact that the flame pilot is, in practice, connected to the main flames, which allows the burner to be used in a wide range air / gas mixture flow rate.

Ce brûleur peut donc être plus aéré en air primaire que les brûleurs qui ne comportent pas une telle fente pour la flamme pilote.This burner can therefore be more ventilated in primary air than burners that do not have such a slot for the pilot flame.

Par ailleurs, le brûleur selon l'invention peut fonctionner avec une hauteur sous grille, c'est-à-dire avec une hauteur entre le plan de cuisson et le fond d'un récipient, qui est limitée.Furthermore, the burner according to the invention can operate with a height under the grid, i.e. with a height between the hob and the bottom of a container, which is limited.

Ce brûleur peut par exemple fonctionner avec une hauteur sous grille comprise entre 25 et 30 mm, alors que les brûleurs traditionnels nécessitent une hauteur sous grille comprise entre 35 et 45 mm.This burner can for example operate with a height under grid between 25 and 30 mm, while the traditional burners require a height under grid between 35 and 45 mm.

Cette hauteur sous grille réduite est notamment possible car le brûleur selon l'invention nécessite moins d'aération secondaire, l'aération primaire pouvant être relativement importante.This reduced height under the grid is notably possible because the burner according to the invention requires less secondary ventilation, primary ventilation can be relatively large.

Cependant, pour favoriser l'aération secondaire, il est préférable que les fentes 23 de la tête de brûleur soient relativement espacées les unes des autres. However, to promote secondary ventilation, it is preferable that the slots 23 of the burner head are relatively spaced from each other.

On constate de plus que la présence d'une flamme pilote au-dessus des flammes principales, et non à leur base, améliore l'hygiène de combustion dans des conditions limites de fonctionnement du brûleur.We also note that the presence of a pilot flame above the main flames, not at their base, improves combustion hygiene under conditions burner operating limits.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 7 qui illustre un brûleur selon l'invention, conçu pour une table de cuisson.We now refer to Figure 7 which illustrates a burner according to the invention, designed for a table cooking.

Dans ce cas, l'espace disponible pour l'injecteur de gaz et le mélangeur air/gaz est relativement réduit, par rapport à une cuisinière classique.In this case, the space available for the gas injector and the air / gas mixer is relatively small, by compared to a conventional stove.

C'est pourquoi, le brûleur est alors conçu pour que le mélange air/gaz soit réalisé dans le brûleur lui-même.This is why the burner is then designed so that the air / gas mixture is produced in the burner itself.

Le brûleur comporte un chapeau 3 et une tête 4.The burner has a cap 3 and a head 4.

L'embase 40 de la tête 4 n'est pas entièrement plane. Sa partie centrale qui comporte un orifice 41 pour l'alimentation en gaz est légèrement surélevée par rapport à la base des fentes 43 et va ensuite en déclinant en direction de la jupe 42.The base 40 of the head 4 is not entirely flat. Her central part which has an orifice 41 for the gas supply is slightly raised by relative to the base of the slots 43 and then goes in declining towards the skirt 42.

La référence 5 désigne l'injecteur de gaz, ce gaz est amené au brûleur par l'orifice 41.Reference 5 designates the gas injector, this gas is brought to the burner through orifice 41.

Cette forme particulière de l'embase 40 permet de réaliser le mélange air/gaz dans l'espace défini entre le chapeau et l'embase.This particular shape of the base 40 allows mix the air / gas in the space defined between the hat and base.

On constate que ce type de mélangeur est très sensible à la précision du positionnement de l'injecteur par rapport à l'axe 6 du brûleur. Par exemple, si l'angle α que forme l'injecteur avec l'axe 6 du brûleur est de l'ordre de 1°, ceci va produire une dissymétrie visible des flammes principales, qui est due aux variations locales du rapport air/gaz dans le mélange.We see that this type of mixer is very sensitive to the positioning accuracy of the injector relative to axis 6 of the burner. For example, if the angle α that forms the injector with axis 6 of the burner is of the order of 1 °, this will produce a visible asymmetry of the flames which is due to local variations in air / gas ratio in the mixture.

C'est pourquoi, dans le mode de réalisation du brûleur illustré à la figure 7, le chapeau 3 comporte un dôme 35 qui est ménagé en creux dans le bossage 33 prévu sur la face intérieure 31 du chapeau 3.Therefore, in the embodiment of the burner illustrated in FIG. 7, the cap 3 comprises a dome 35 which is hollowed out in the boss 33 provided on the inner face 31 of the cap 3.

Ce dôme présente une concavité tournée vers l'embase 40 de la tête du brûleur. De préférence, ce dôme 35 définit une portion de surface sphérique dont le centre est situé au niveau de l'injecteur 5 et dont le rayon correspond à la distance entre le dôme et l'injecteur.This dome has a concavity turned towards the base 40 of the burner head. Preferably, this dome 35 defines a portion of spherical surface whose center is located at injector 5 and whose radius corresponds to the distance between the dome and the injector.

La présence de ce dôme 35 permet d'assurer un fonctionnement correct du brûleur, même si l'angle a est d'environ 3° et si l'axe de l'injecteur est écarté d'environ 2 mm par rapport à l'axe 6 du brûleur (référence p).The presence of this dome 35 ensures a correct operation of the burner, even if angle a is about 3 ° and if the axis of the injector is spread about 2 mm from axis 6 of the burner (reference p).

Ce dôme 35 permet donc d'améliorer la souplesse du montage du brûleur selon l'invention.This dome 35 therefore improves the flexibility of the mounting of the burner according to the invention.

A titre d'exemple, vont maintenant être indiquées des dimensions fonctionnelles pour un brûleur selon l'invention ayant une puissance nominale de 3500 W.By way of example, will now be indicated functional dimensions for a burner according to the invention having a nominal power of 3500 W.

Ces dimensions sont indiquées dans le tableau ci-dessous, les cotes mentionnées dans le tableau sont indiquées sur les figures 3, 6 et 7 pour faciliter la compréhension.

Figure 00140001
Figure 00150001
These dimensions are indicated in the table below, the dimensions mentioned in the table are indicated in Figures 3, 6 and 7 to facilitate understanding.
Figure 00140001
Figure 00150001

Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec des modes de réalisation particuliers, elle n'est nullement limitée à ces modes de réalisation et elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits, ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention.Although the invention has been described in connection with particular embodiments, it is by no means limited to these embodiments and it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described, as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention.

En particulier, dans les exemples décrits, un plot est systématiquement prévu entre deux fentes pour les flammes principales. Un brûleur selon l'invention peut comprendre un nombre plus limité de plots, dans la mesure où les plots prévus permettent effectivement de générer une flamme pilote, distincte de la flamme principale.In particular, in the examples described, a stud is systematically provided between two slots for the flames main. A burner according to the invention can comprise a more limited number of studs, insofar as the planned studs effectively generate a pilot flame, separate from the main flame.

Par ailleurs, le mode de réalisation du chapeau de brûleur illustré à la figure 7, comportant un dôme sur la face intérieure du chapeau, pourrait être utilisé avec une tête de brûleur quelconque, ne comportant pas nécessairement des plots entre les fentes pour les flammes principales.Furthermore, the embodiment of the hat of burner illustrated in Figure 7, with a dome on the inner side of hat, could be used with any burner head, not including necessarily studs between the slots for the main flames.

Enfin, les signes de référence insérés après les caractéristiques techniques figurant dans les revendications ont pour seul but de faciliter la compréhension de ces dernières et ne sauraient en limiter la portée.Finally, the reference signs inserted after the technical characteristics appearing in the claims are intended only to facilitate the understanding of these and cannot limit them the scope.

Claims (11)

  1. Gas burner for cooking appliances including a head (2) and a cap (1) intended to be placed on the head, which includes a base (20) pierced by an orifice (21) for the supply of a gas/air mixture and a peripheral skirt (22) in which slits approximately perpendicular to the plane of the base are arranged, characterised in that it includes a plurality of studs (25) on the upper face (24) of the skirt, whose width (d) is less than the thickness (c) between two adjacent slits (23), each of them being at an approximately equal distance between two adjacent slits and situated at least partly in the interior half (27) of the upper face of said skirt, said studs thus providing a space between the cap and the head into which a part of the gas/air mixture is drawn.
  2. Gas burner according to claim 1, characterised in that the width (d) of said studs (25) is less than half the thickness (c) between two adjacent slits (23).
  3. Gas burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the depth (f) of the studs (25) is less than half the depth (e) of the slits (23).
  4. Gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that each stud (25) includes one side situated in the plane of the internal edge (26) of the skirt (22).
  5. Gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the cap (1) overhangs slightly and includes, on the periphery of its internal face (11) a projecting edge forming a lip, pointing toward the head (2).
  6. Gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the cap (1) includes a boss (13), approximately centred on its internal face (11).
  7. Gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, for a hob, including a cap (3) and a head (4), the base (40) of the head having an orifice (41) for the supply of gas originating from an injector (5) and a form appropriate for producing a gas/air mixture with the cap of the burner, characterised in that the cap (3) includes a dome (35) recessed in its internal face (11), the hollow of the dome being turned towards the head (4).
  8. Gas burner according to claim 7, characterised in that said dome (33) forms a part of the spherical surface whose centre is situated on the injector (5) and whose radius corresponds to the distance between the dome and the injector.
  9. Gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the head (2, 4) and the cap (1, 3) are of an approximately circular or even oval form.
  10. Gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the head (2, 4) is produced by aluminium injection [moulding].
  11. Gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the cap (1, 3) is produced by casting or forming of iron or of steel.
EP99400629A 1998-03-26 1999-03-15 Gas burner for cooking appliances Expired - Lifetime EP0945679B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9803771A FR2776753B1 (en) 1998-03-26 1998-03-26 GAS BURNER FOR COOKING APPLIANCES
FR9803771 1998-03-26

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EP0945679B1 true EP0945679B1 (en) 2003-06-04

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AT (1) ATE242456T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69908468T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2201641T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2776753B1 (en)
NO (1) NO310161B1 (en)
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Publication number Publication date
ATE242456T1 (en) 2003-06-15
DE69908468D1 (en) 2003-07-10
TR199900646A3 (en) 1999-10-21
DE69908468T2 (en) 2004-04-15
NO991453L (en) 1999-09-27
US6082994A (en) 2000-07-04
FR2776753B1 (en) 2000-06-30
FR2776753A1 (en) 1999-10-01
ES2201641T3 (en) 2004-03-16
NO310161B1 (en) 2001-05-28
TR199900646A2 (en) 1999-10-21
NO991453D0 (en) 1999-03-25
EP0945679A1 (en) 1999-09-29

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