EP0679838B1 - Improvements to gas burners - Google Patents

Improvements to gas burners Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0679838B1
EP0679838B1 EP19950400939 EP95400939A EP0679838B1 EP 0679838 B1 EP0679838 B1 EP 0679838B1 EP 19950400939 EP19950400939 EP 19950400939 EP 95400939 A EP95400939 A EP 95400939A EP 0679838 B1 EP0679838 B1 EP 0679838B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perforated wall
supply
burner according
perforated
hollowed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19950400939
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0679838A1 (en
Inventor
Rédouane Oumghari
Albert Quere
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Chaffoteaux et Maury SAS
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Chaffoteaux et Maury SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/045—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with a plurality of burner bars assembled together, e.g. in a grid-like arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F23D14/583—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration of elongated shape, e.g. slits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to gas burners, and more especially those who have at least one bedroom distribution which is intended to receive air and a combustible gas, and which is partially delimited by a thin perforated wall constituting a combustion ramp and forming a downstream end of the distribution chamber, this distribution chamber further comprising a upstream end with a plurality of supply ports arranged opposite the perforated wall and supplying the air and gas distribution chamber, the wall perforated with perforated areas which are not located directly opposite a supply port.
  • Such a gas burner is disclosed for example in document FR-A-2 695 457.
  • burners are intended in particular to equip heating and hot water devices domestic gas-fired, whose nominal power does not exceed 70 kW thermal.
  • the invention applies more particularly, but not exclusively, to atmospheric type gas burners.
  • Gas burners of the kind mentioned above have the disadvantage that the sheet of flames which develops above the perforated wall in areas that are not located directly opposite an orifice feeding, tends to remain "stuck" to the wall perforated, because the speed of the gas premix coming out of the perforated wall is relatively small in these areas.
  • This phenomenon can cause local overheating of the perforated wall, up to carrying it to the red. These overheating may cause deterioration of the perforated wall, due to its thinness.
  • flames may tend to form inside the distribution chamber, which can make the operation of the burner dangerous.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks.
  • said zones perforated from the perforated wall which are not located directly opposite a supply orifice constitute parts dug towards the upstream end of the distribution chamber.
  • the burner shown in Figures 1 to 3 is atmospheric type, and has five combustion ramps juxtaposed, of which only one is represented.
  • the feeders 6 of the burner are each supplied from a source of pressurized combustible gas 7, via pipelines 8 and valves 9 specific to each nurse.
  • each valve 9 can work in all or nothing, as disclosed for example in the aforementioned document FR-A-2 695 475, so that each combustion rail is always supplied with a flow of optimal gas.
  • the perforated wall 2 can be produced for example stainless steel and has many perforations in the form of parallel rectilinear slits arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of said wall perforated.
  • slots represent for example a proportion of the upper surface of the perforated wall 2 which is more than 30%, and which can be worth for example around 35 %.
  • the perforated wall 2 has good transparency to the thermal radiation emitted by the flames F formed above it, which lowers the temperature of flames.
  • This high density of perforations also allows a better distribution of the layer of flames above the perforated plate, with a surface power preferably less than 250 W / cm 2 , which contributes to reducing the temperature of the perforated wall. Furthermore, the high density of the perforations is also favorable for reducing the pressure losses in the gas flow.
  • the perforated wall 2 has two laterally longitudinal edges 2b folded vertically towards the support plate 3.
  • the perforated wall 2 can fit onto the support plate 3 overlapping it and the horizontal part of the wall 2 rests on the face upper of the support plate 3 on the periphery of the recess 3a of this plate. This assembly allows a sufficient seal between the perforated wall 2 and the plate support 3.
  • the perforated wall 2 has stamped parts 2a which are hollowed out or curved towards the inside of the chamber spread 1 above each portion of the baking sheet support 3 which separates two bores 3a, 3b.
  • these stamped parts can have a cylindrical shape, possibly with a cross-section arc of a circle or V, having an axis perpendicular to the plane vertical common to the vertical axes of the venturis tubes.
  • This provision compensates for the non uniformity of the speed field of the outgoing gas premix of the perforated wall 2, and prevents the sheet of flames F remains stuck to the perforated wall 2 between two venturis tubes.
  • the speed of the gas premix leaving the perforated wall 2 is weaker between the outlets of two venturis tubes 4, so that without the parts stamped 2a, the flame sheet F would tend to form in contact with the perforated wall 2 in these locations, even to go inside the room of distribution 1 with certain types of combustible gas.
  • the formation of flames F in contact with the wall perforated may cause local overheating of the perforated wall 2, overheating which can cause deterioration of the perforated wall due to its thinness.
  • the support plate 3 has a thickness e, below distribution chamber 1, which can be higher at 8 mm, and for example between 8 and 15 mm. This plate is therefore massive enough to support without damage the thermal energy it receives by conduction of the perforated wall 2, and by radiation of the flames and the perforated wall 2. In addition to its functions of mechanical and sealing connection between the venturis tubes and the perforated wall, this support plate thus ensures a thermal absorption and diffusion function.
  • the support plate 3 can be treated, at least in the part of its surface which is arranged opposite the perforated wall 2, so that it has a good coefficient absorption of thermal radiation.
  • the surface of the massive plate 3 can be treated so that it has a dark color (especially by means a special paint, by means of anodization, or by means of an oxidation), and / or so that it presents a rough wall.
  • the bores 3b of the plate support 3 occupy a fairly large proportion of the support plate surface.
  • these bores 3b may have a diameter D substantially equal to the width of the recess 3a of the support plate and the spacing d between two successive bores 3b of the support plate can be for example less than the half this diameter D.
  • Venturis tubes 4 can be produced by example stainless steel or aluminized steel, and they absorb radiation from their inner surface thermal from the layer of flames above from the perforated wall 2, and also coming from the wall perforated itself.
  • venturis tubes 4 receive heat by conduction from the support plate 3.
  • venturis tubes 4 The heat received by radiation or by conduction through the venturis tubes 4 is transmitted to the air flow and combustible gas which passes through these venturis tubes. Possibly, to increase this heat exchange with gas flow, it is possible to perform axial fins (not shown) inside the tubes venturis.
  • the tubes venturis 4 can each be made by assembling half-shells 4a, 4b, in stamped sheet metal, these two half-shells being tightly assembled one against the other, in particular by crimping or welding.
  • the upper parts of the half-shells 4a, 4b are received in a 3d groove formed partly longitudinally of the support plate 3, and in the parts enlarged 3c bores 3b.
  • the plate support 3 may possibly be common to the different burner combustion ramps, so as to form a monobloc assembly.
  • the support plate 3 can have longitudinal grooves in the upper part 3f which receive the folded longitudinal edges of the walls perforated 2. This arrangement reduces the cost of burner and simplify its realization, and facilitates in in addition to the diffusion of heat by the support plate common 3, all the more so as all the combustion ramps of the burner are not necessarily simultaneously in operation.
  • the support plate 3 can be similar to that of the figure 4 and be equipped with a perforated wall 2 also common to the different combustion ramps.
  • This perforated wall 2 may optionally have longitudinal folds parallels 2c which penetrate into the grooves 3f of the support plate 3, to achieve sufficient sealing between the distribution chambers 1 of the different ramps combustion.
  • the plate support 3 of each combustion rail could be tightly connected to the upper part of a chamber receiving a mixture of air and pressurized combustible gas, the burner then being supply air type.
  • each ramp of combustion of the burner according to the invention could possibly include a piece of non-massive sheet metal, possibly water cooled.
  • each burner burner rail may not have an intermediate part between the venturis tubes 4 and the perforated wall 2, the venturis tubes then being produced for example as disclosed in document FR-A-2 695 475 by assembling two stamped sheets common to all venturis tubes, these stamped sheets also forming the side walls and the bottom of the distribution chamber 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative aux brûleurs à gaz, et plus particulièrement à ceux qui comprennent au moins une chambre de répartition qui est destinée à recevoir de l'air et un gaz combustible, et qui est partiellement délimitée par une paroi mince perforée constituant une rampe de combustion et formant une extrémité aval de la chambre de répartition, cette chambre de répartition comprenant en outre une extrémité amont dotée d'une pluralité d'orifices d'alimentation disposés en regard de la paroi perforée et alimentant la chambre de répartition en air et en gaz, la paroi perforée comportant des zones perforées qui ne sont pas situées directement en regard d'un orifice d'alimentation.The invention relates to gas burners, and more especially those who have at least one bedroom distribution which is intended to receive air and a combustible gas, and which is partially delimited by a thin perforated wall constituting a combustion ramp and forming a downstream end of the distribution chamber, this distribution chamber further comprising a upstream end with a plurality of supply ports arranged opposite the perforated wall and supplying the air and gas distribution chamber, the wall perforated with perforated areas which are not located directly opposite a supply port.

Un tel brûleur à gaz est divulgué par exemple dans le document FR-A-2 695 457.Such a gas burner is disclosed for example in document FR-A-2 695 457.

Ces brûleurs sont destinés notamment à équiper des appareils de chauffage et de production d'eau chaude domestique fonctionnant au gaz, dont la puissance nominale n'excède pas 70 kW thermiques.These burners are intended in particular to equip heating and hot water devices domestic gas-fired, whose nominal power does not exceed 70 kW thermal.

L'invention s'applique plus particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, aux brûleurs à gaz de type atmosphérique.The invention applies more particularly, but not exclusively, to atmospheric type gas burners.

Les brûleurs à gaz du genre mentionné ci-dessus présentent l'inconvénient que la nappe de flammes qui se développe au-dessus de la paroi perforée dans les zones qui ne sont pas situées directement en regard d'un orifice d'alimentation, a tendance à rester "collée" à la paroi perforée, du fait que la vitesse du prémélange gazeux sortant de la paroi perforée est relativement faible dans ces zones.Gas burners of the kind mentioned above have the disadvantage that the sheet of flames which develops above the perforated wall in areas that are not located directly opposite an orifice feeding, tends to remain "stuck" to the wall perforated, because the speed of the gas premix coming out of the perforated wall is relatively small in these areas.

Ce phénomène peut provoquer des surchauffes locales de la paroi perforée, pouvant aller jusqu'à la porter au rouge. Ces surchauffes risquent d'entraíner la détérioration de la paroi perforée, du fait de sa minceur.This phenomenon can cause local overheating of the perforated wall, up to carrying it to the red. These overheating may cause deterioration of the perforated wall, due to its thinness.

De plus, notamment lorsqu'on utilise certains gaz combustibles, les flammes peuvent avoir tendance à se former à l'intérieur de la chambre de répartition, ce qui peut rendre dangereux le fonctionnement du brûleur.In addition, especially when using certain gases combustibles, flames may tend to form inside the distribution chamber, which can make the operation of the burner dangerous.

La présente invention a notamment pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients.The object of the present invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks.

A cet effet, selon l'invention, lesdites zones perforées de la paroi perforée qui ne sont pas situées directement en regard d'un orifice d'alimentation constituent des parties creusées vers l'extrémité amont de la chambre de répartition.To this end, according to the invention, said zones perforated from the perforated wall which are not located directly opposite a supply orifice constitute parts dug towards the upstream end of the distribution chamber.

Ainsi, on constate que la nappe de flamme n'est plus "collée" à la paroi perforée dans les parties creusées, et lesdites parties creusées n'ont plus tendance à subir des surchauffes importantes.Thus, we see that the flame table is no longer "stuck" to the perforated wall in the hollowed out parts, and said hollowed out parts no longer tend to undergo significant overheating.

Dans des modes de réalisation préférés, on a recours en outre à l'une et/ou à l'autre des dispositions suivantes :

  • les orifices d'alimentation sont disposés alignés selon une direction longitudinale, et les parties creusées de la paroi perforée sont disposées entre les orifices d'alimentation ;
  • les parties creusées de la paroi perforée ont une forme sensiblement cylindrique présentant un axe parallèle à la paroi perforée et perpendiculaire à la direction d'alignement des orifices d'alimentation ;
  • les parties creusées ont une forme cylindrique à section arrondie ;
  • les parties creusées ont une forme cylindrique à section sensiblement en forme de V ;
  • la paroi perforée présente une forme générale plane, en dehors des parties creusées, et dans lequel les orifices d'alimentation sont disposés dans un plan commun parallèle à la paroi perforée ;
  • chaque orifice d'alimentation est relié à un conduit d'alimentation qui, au moins au voisinage de l'orifice d'alimentation, présente un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire à la paroi perforée ;
  • les conduits d'alimentation sont des tubes venturis alimentés chacun en gaz combustible par un injecteur ;
  • les différents tubes venturis présentent des axes rectilignes parallèles et coplanaires.
In preferred embodiments, use is also made of one and / or the other of the following arrangements:
  • the feed orifices are arranged aligned in a longitudinal direction, and the hollowed out portions of the perforated wall are arranged between the feed orifices;
  • the hollow parts of the perforated wall have a substantially cylindrical shape having an axis parallel to the perforated wall and perpendicular to the direction of alignment of the supply orifices;
  • the hollowed parts have a cylindrical shape with rounded section;
  • the hollowed parts have a cylindrical shape with a substantially V-shaped section;
  • the perforated wall has a generally planar shape, apart from the hollowed out parts, and in which the supply orifices are arranged in a common plane parallel to the perforated wall;
  • each supply orifice is connected to a supply duct which, at least in the vicinity of the supply orifice, has an axis substantially perpendicular to the perforated wall;
  • the supply conduits are venturis tubes each supplied with combustible gas by an injector;
  • the different venturi tubes have parallel and coplanar rectilinear axes.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront au cours de la description suivante de trois de ses formes de réalisation, données à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en regard des dessins joints.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the following description of three of its embodiments, given as examples not limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Sur les dessins :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective d'un brûleur à gaz selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale de la plaque de support et de la paroi perforée d'une des rampes de combustion du brûleur de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale partielle d'une rampe du brûleur de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale de la plaque de support et des parois perforées d'une variante du brûleur de la figure 1, et
  • la figure 5 est une vue similaire à la figure 4, pour une variante de la figure 4.
In the drawings:
  • FIG. 1 is a partial schematic perspective view of a gas burner according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the support plate and of the perforated wall of one of the combustion ramps of the burner of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a view in partial longitudinal section of a ramp of the burner in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the support plate and the perforated walls of a variant of the burner of FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, for a variant of FIG. 4.

Sur les différentes figures, les mêmes références désignent des éléments identiques ou similaires.In the different figures, the same references denote identical or similar elements.

Dans la description qui suit, les termes tels que "vertical", "horizontal", "haut", "bas" sont donnés en référence à la position d'utilisation la plus courante du brûleur, mais ne sont pas limitatifs.In the following description, terms such as "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" are given in reference to the most common use position of the burner, but are not limiting.

Le brûleur représenté sur les figures 1 à 3 est de type atmosphérique, et comporte cinq rampes de combustion juxtaposées, dont une seule est représentée.The burner shown in Figures 1 to 3 is atmospheric type, and has five combustion ramps juxtaposed, of which only one is represented.

Chaque rampe de combustion comprend :

  • une pluralité de tubes venturis 4 s'étendant respectivement selon des axes verticaux situés dans un même plan vertical, chaque tube venturi comprenant, d'amont en aval, un court tronçon convergent, un col cylindrique, puis un long tronçon divergent,
  • une nourrice 6 d'alimentation en gaz combustible, dotée d'autant d'injecteurs 5, chaque injecteur 5 étant orienté vers le haut et disposé selon l'axe d'un tube venturi 4, légèrement au-dessous de son tronçon convergent de façon à rendre possible l'admission d'air à ce niveau,
  • une plaque de support 3 massive, réalisée en un matériau bon conducteur thermique tel que l'aluminium, cette plaque de support ayant une forme générale plane et étant orientée horizontalement, ladite plaque de support étant traversée par des alésages verticaux 3b qui sont en nombre égal aux tubes venturis 4 et qui comportent chacun une partie inférieure élargie 3c dans laquelle est emboítée l'extrémité aval d'un tube venturi,
  • une chambre de répartition 1 qui est définie dans un évidement 3a en partie supérieure de la plaque de support 3 et dans laquelle débouchent tous les tubes venturis, susmentionnés,
  • et une paroi perforée 2 de faible épaisseur (par exemple quelques dixièmes de millimètres) au-dessus de laquelle a lieu la combustion du prémélange gazeux provenant de la chambre de répartition 1.
Each combustion rail includes:
  • a plurality of venturi tubes 4 extending respectively along vertical axes situated in the same vertical plane, each venturi tube comprising, from upstream to downstream, a short convergent section, a cylindrical neck, then a long diverging section,
  • a fuel gas supply manifold 6, provided with as many injectors 5, each injector 5 being oriented upwards and arranged along the axis of a venturi tube 4, slightly below its section converging so to make it possible to admit air at this level,
  • a massive support plate 3, made of a material which is a good thermal conductor such as aluminum, this support plate having a generally planar shape and being oriented horizontally, said support plate being traversed by vertical bores 3b which are of equal number to the venturis tubes 4 and which each have an enlarged lower part 3c in which is fitted the downstream end of a venturi tube,
  • a distribution chamber 1 which is defined in a recess 3a in the upper part of the support plate 3 and into which all the venturis tubes, mentioned above, open out,
  • and a thin perforated wall 2 (for example a few tenths of a millimeter) above which the combustion of the gas premix from the distribution chamber 1 takes place.

Les nourrices 6 du brûleur sont alimentées chacune à partir d'une source de gaz combustible sous pression 7, par l'intermédiaire de canalisations 8 et de vannes 9 propres à chaque nourrice. De préférence, chaque vanne 9 peut fonctionner en tout ou rien, comme divulgué par exemple dans le document FR-A-2 695 475 précité, afin que chaque rampe de combustion soit toujours alimentée avec un débit de gaz optimal.The feeders 6 of the burner are each supplied from a source of pressurized combustible gas 7, via pipelines 8 and valves 9 specific to each nurse. Preferably, each valve 9 can work in all or nothing, as disclosed for example in the aforementioned document FR-A-2 695 475, so that each combustion rail is always supplied with a flow of optimal gas.

La paroi perforée 2 peut être réalisée par exemple en acier inoxydable et présente de nombreuses perforations en forme de fentes rectilignes parallèles disposées perpendiculairement à la direction longitudinale de ladite paroi perforée.The perforated wall 2 can be produced for example stainless steel and has many perforations in the form of parallel rectilinear slits arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of said wall perforated.

Ces fentes représentent par exemple une proportion de la surface supérieure de la paroi perforée 2 qui est supérieure à 30 %, et qui peut valoir par exemple environ 35 %. Ainsi, la paroi perforée 2 présente une bonne transparence au rayonnement thermique émis par les flammes F formées au-dessus d'elle, ce qui diminue la température des flammes.These slots represent for example a proportion of the upper surface of the perforated wall 2 which is more than 30%, and which can be worth for example around 35 %. Thus, the perforated wall 2 has good transparency to the thermal radiation emitted by the flames F formed above it, which lowers the temperature of flames.

Cette grande densité de perforations permet également une meilleure répartition de la nappe de flammes au-dessus de la plaque perforée, avec une puissance surfacique de préférence inférieure à 250 W/cm2, ce qui contribue à diminuer la température de la paroi perforée. Par ailleurs, la grande densité des perforations est également favorable pour diminuer les pertes de charge dans l'écoulement gazeux.This high density of perforations also allows a better distribution of the layer of flames above the perforated plate, with a surface power preferably less than 250 W / cm 2 , which contributes to reducing the temperature of the perforated wall. Furthermore, the high density of the perforations is also favorable for reducing the pressure losses in the gas flow.

La paroi perforée 2 présente latéralement deux rebords longitudinaux 2b rabattus verticalement vers la plaque de support 3. Ainsi, la paroi perforée 2 peut s'emboíter sur la plaque de support 3 en la chevauchant et la partie horizontale de la paroi 2 repose sur la face supérieure de la plaque de support 3 en périphérie de l'évidement 3a de cette plaque. Ce montage permet une étanchéité suffisante entre la paroi perforée 2 et la plaque de support 3.The perforated wall 2 has two laterally longitudinal edges 2b folded vertically towards the support plate 3. Thus, the perforated wall 2 can fit onto the support plate 3 overlapping it and the horizontal part of the wall 2 rests on the face upper of the support plate 3 on the periphery of the recess 3a of this plate. This assembly allows a sufficient seal between the perforated wall 2 and the plate support 3.

Comme on peut le voir en particulier sur la figure 3, la paroi perforée 2 présente des parties embouties 2a qui sont creusées ou incurvées vers l'intérieur de la chambre de répartition 1 au-dessus de chaque portion de la plaque de support 3 qui sépare deux alésages 3a, 3b. Selon une forme de réalisation avantageuse, ces parties embouties peuvent présenter une forme cylindrique, éventuellement à section en arc de cercle ou en V, ayant un axe perpendiculaire au plan vertical commun aux axes verticaux des tubes venturis.As can be seen in particular in the figure 3, the perforated wall 2 has stamped parts 2a which are hollowed out or curved towards the inside of the chamber spread 1 above each portion of the baking sheet support 3 which separates two bores 3a, 3b. According to a form advantageous realization, these stamped parts can have a cylindrical shape, possibly with a cross-section arc of a circle or V, having an axis perpendicular to the plane vertical common to the vertical axes of the venturis tubes.

Cette disposition permet de compenser la non uniformité du champ de vitesse du prémélange gazeux sortant de la paroi perforée 2, et empêche que la nappe de flammes F reste collée à la paroi perforée 2 entre deux tubes venturis. This provision compensates for the non uniformity of the speed field of the outgoing gas premix of the perforated wall 2, and prevents the sheet of flames F remains stuck to the perforated wall 2 between two venturis tubes.

En effet, la vitesse du prémélange gazeux sortant de la paroi perforée 2 est plus faible entre les débouchés de deux tubes venturis 4, de sorte que, sans les parties embouties 2a, la nappe de flammes F aurait tendance à se former au contact de la paroi perforée 2 dans ces emplacements, voire à rentrer à l'intérieur de la chambre de répartition 1 avec certains types de gaz combustible.Indeed, the speed of the gas premix leaving the perforated wall 2 is weaker between the outlets of two venturis tubes 4, so that without the parts stamped 2a, the flame sheet F would tend to form in contact with the perforated wall 2 in these locations, even to go inside the room of distribution 1 with certain types of combustible gas.

La formation de flammes F au contact de la paroi perforée risque de provoquer des surchauffes locales de la paroi perforée 2, surchauffes qui peuvent entraíner la détérioration de la paroi perforée du fait de sa minceur.The formation of flames F in contact with the wall perforated may cause local overheating of the perforated wall 2, overheating which can cause deterioration of the perforated wall due to its thinness.

De plus, si les flammes F ont tendance à se former à l'intérieur de la chambre de répartition 1, le fonctionnement du brûleur peut s'avérer dangereux.In addition, if the flames F tend to form inside the distribution chamber 1, the operation of the burner can be dangerous.

La plaque de support 3 présente une épaisseur e, au-dessous de la chambre de répartition 1, qui peut être supérieure à 8 mm, et comprise par exemple entre 8 et 15 mm. Cette plaque est donc suffisamment massive pour supporter sans dommage l'énergie thermique qu'elle reçoit par conduction de la paroi perforée 2, et par rayonnement des flammes et de la paroi perforée 2. En plus de ses fonctions de liaison mécanique et d'étanchéité entre les tubes venturis et la paroi perforée, cette plaque de support assure ainsi une fonction d'absorption et de diffusion thermique.The support plate 3 has a thickness e, below distribution chamber 1, which can be higher at 8 mm, and for example between 8 and 15 mm. This plate is therefore massive enough to support without damage the thermal energy it receives by conduction of the perforated wall 2, and by radiation of the flames and the perforated wall 2. In addition to its functions of mechanical and sealing connection between the venturis tubes and the perforated wall, this support plate thus ensures a thermal absorption and diffusion function.

La plaque de support 3, peut être traitée, au moins dans la partie de sa surface qui est disposée en regard de la paroi perforée 2, pour qu'elle présente un bon coefficient d'absorption du rayonnement thermique. Par exemple, la surface de la plaque massive 3 peut être traitée de façon qu'elle présente une couleur sombre (notamment au moyen d'une peinture spéciale, au moyen d'une anodisation, ou au moyen d'une oxydation), et/ou de façon qu'elle présente une paroi rugueuse.The support plate 3 can be treated, at least in the part of its surface which is arranged opposite the perforated wall 2, so that it has a good coefficient absorption of thermal radiation. For example, the surface of the massive plate 3 can be treated so that it has a dark color (especially by means a special paint, by means of anodization, or by means of an oxidation), and / or so that it presents a rough wall.

Dans le but de collecter une partie suffisante du rayonnement thermique de la nappe de flamme et de la grille dans les tubes venturis 4, pour des raisons qui seront vues ci-après, il est avantageux que les alésages 3b de la plaque de support 3 occupent une proportion assez importante de la surface de la plaque de support. Par exemple, ces alésages 3b peuvent présenter un diamètre D sensiblement égal à la largeur de l'évidement 3a de la plaque de support et l'écartement d entre deux alésages 3b successifs de la plaque de support peut être par exemple inférieur à la moitié de ce diamètre D.In order to collect a sufficient part of the thermal radiation from the flame table and the grid in the venturis tubes 4, for reasons which will be seen below, it is advantageous that the bores 3b of the plate support 3 occupy a fairly large proportion of the support plate surface. For example, these bores 3b may have a diameter D substantially equal to the width of the recess 3a of the support plate and the spacing d between two successive bores 3b of the support plate can be for example less than the half this diameter D.

Les tubes venturis 4 peuvent être réalisés par exemple en acier inoxydable ou en acier aluminié, et ils absorbent par leur surface intérieure le rayonnement thermique provenant de la nappe de flammes située au-dessus de la paroi perforée 2, et provenant également de la paroi perforée elle-même.Venturis tubes 4 can be produced by example stainless steel or aluminized steel, and they absorb radiation from their inner surface thermal from the layer of flames above from the perforated wall 2, and also coming from the wall perforated itself.

De plus, les tubes venturis 4 reçoivent de la chaleur par conduction depuis la plaque de support 3.In addition, the venturis tubes 4 receive heat by conduction from the support plate 3.

La chaleur reçue par rayonnement ou par conduction par les tubes venturis 4 est transmise à l'écoulement d'air et de gaz combustible qui transite dans ces tubes venturis. Eventuellement, pour augmenter cet échange thermique avec l'écoulement gazeux, il est possible de réaliser des ailettes axiales (non représentées) à l'intérieur des tubes venturis.The heat received by radiation or by conduction through the venturis tubes 4 is transmitted to the air flow and combustible gas which passes through these venturis tubes. Possibly, to increase this heat exchange with gas flow, it is possible to perform axial fins (not shown) inside the tubes venturis.

On obtient ainsi un préchauffage du mélange d'air et de gaz combustible, ce qui permet d'obtenir une meilleure inflammabilité du mélange, d'où une plus grande stabilité du front de flamme au-dessus de la grille.This produces a preheating of the air mixture and of combustible gas, which results in better flammability of the mixture, resulting in greater stability of the flame front above the grid.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 1, les tubes venturis 4 peuvent être réalisés chacun par assemblage de demi-coquilles 4a, 4b, en tôle emboutie, ces deux demi-coquilles étant assemblées de façon étanche l'une contre l'autre, notamment par sertissage ou soudure.As can be seen in Figure 1, the tubes venturis 4 can each be made by assembling half-shells 4a, 4b, in stamped sheet metal, these two half-shells being tightly assembled one against the other, in particular by crimping or welding.

Lors du montage de la rampe de combustion, les parties supérieures des demi-coquilles 4a, 4b sont reçues dans une rainure 3d formée longitudinalement en partie inférieure de la plaque de support 3, et dans les parties élargies 3c des alésages 3b.When mounting the combustion rail, the upper parts of the half-shells 4a, 4b are received in a 3d groove formed partly longitudinally of the support plate 3, and in the parts enlarged 3c bores 3b.

Comme représenté sur la figure 4, la plaque de support 3 peut éventuellement être commune aux différentes rampes de combustion du brûleur, de façon à former un ensemble monobloc. Dans ce cas, la plaque de support 3 peut comporter en partie supérieure des rainures longitudinales 3f qui reçoivent les bords longitudinaux rabattus des parois perforées 2. Cette disposition permet de diminuer le coût du brûleur et de simplifier sa réalisation, et facilite en outre la diffusion de la chaleur par la plaque de support commune 3, d'autant plus que toutes les rampes de combustion du brûleur ne sont pas forcément simultanément en fonctionnement.As shown in Figure 4, the plate support 3 may possibly be common to the different burner combustion ramps, so as to form a monobloc assembly. In this case, the support plate 3 can have longitudinal grooves in the upper part 3f which receive the folded longitudinal edges of the walls perforated 2. This arrangement reduces the cost of burner and simplify its realization, and facilitates in in addition to the diffusion of heat by the support plate common 3, all the more so as all the combustion ramps of the burner are not necessarily simultaneously in operation.

Eventuellement, comme représenté sur la figure 5, la plaque de support 3 peut être similaire à celle de la figure 4 et être équipée d'une paroi perforée 2 également commune aux différentes rampes de combustion. Cette paroi perforée 2 peut éventuellement comporter des pliures longitudinales parallèles 2c qui pénètrent dans les rainures 3f de la plaque de support 3, pour réaliser une étanchéité suffisante entre les chambres de répartition 1 des différentes rampes de combustion.Optionally, as shown in Figure 5, the support plate 3 can be similar to that of the figure 4 and be equipped with a perforated wall 2 also common to the different combustion ramps. This perforated wall 2 may optionally have longitudinal folds parallels 2c which penetrate into the grooves 3f of the support plate 3, to achieve sufficient sealing between the distribution chambers 1 of the different ramps combustion.

L'utilisation d'une paroi perforée 2 commune est avantageuse dans la mesure où elle diminue le coût du brûleur et le simplifie. Cette disposition ne risque pas de perturber le bon fonctionnement du brûleur, par exemple par transmission de chaleur d'une partie à l'autre de la paroi perforée commune, dans la mesure où la plaque de support massive tend précisément à diminuer efficacement la température de cette paroi perforée.The use of a common perforated wall 2 is advantageous insofar as it lowers the cost of burner and simplifies it. There is no risk of this provision disturb the proper functioning of the burner, for example by heat transfer from one part of the wall to the other perforated common, since the support plate massive precisely tends to effectively decrease the temperature of this perforated wall.

Selon une autre variante, non représentée, la plaque de support 3 de chaque rampe de combustion, ou éventuellement une plaque monobloc commune à toutes les rampes de combustion, pourrait être raccordée avec étanchéité à la partie supérieure d'une chambre recevant un mélange d'air et de gaz combustible sous pression, le brûleur étant alors de type à air soufflé.According to another variant, not shown, the plate support 3 of each combustion rail, or possibly a monobloc plate common to all the ramps combustion, could be tightly connected to the upper part of a chamber receiving a mixture of air and pressurized combustible gas, the burner then being supply air type.

Au lieu d'une plaque massive 3 montée entre les tubes venturis 4 et la paroi perforée 2, chaque rampe de combustion du brûleur selon l'invention pourrait éventuellement comporter une pièce de tôle non massive, éventuellement refroidie par eau.Instead of a massive plate 3 mounted between the venturis tubes 4 and the perforated wall 2, each ramp of combustion of the burner according to the invention could possibly include a piece of non-massive sheet metal, possibly water cooled.

De plus, chaque rampe de combustion du brûleur pourrait éventuellement ne pas comporter de pièce intermédiaire entre les tubes venturis 4 et la paroi perforée 2, les tubes venturis étant alors réalisés par exemple comme divulgué dans le document FR-A-2 695 475 par assemblage de deux tôles embouties communes à tous les tubes venturis, ces tôles embouties formant également les parois latérales et le fond de la chambre de répartition 1.In addition, each burner burner rail may not have an intermediate part between the venturis tubes 4 and the perforated wall 2, the venturis tubes then being produced for example as disclosed in document FR-A-2 695 475 by assembling two stamped sheets common to all venturis tubes, these stamped sheets also forming the side walls and the bottom of the distribution chamber 1.

Claims (9)

  1. Gas burner comprising at least one distribution chamber (1) which is intended to receive air and a combustible gas and which is partially delimited by a thin, perforated wall (2) constituting a combustion bank and forming a downstream end of the distribution chamber, the said distribution chamber additionally comprising an upstream end provided with a plurality of supply orifices (3b) disposed opposite the perforated wall (2) and supplying the distribution chamber (1) with air and gas, the perforated wall (2) comprising perforated zones (2a) which are not situated directly opposite a supply orifice (3b),
    characterised in that the said perforated zones of the perforated wall which are not situated directly opposite a supply orifice (3b) constitute parts (2a) which are hollowed out towards the upstream end of the distribution chamber (1).
  2. Burner according to claim 1, wherein the supply orifices (3b) are disposed so as to be aligned in a longitudinal direction, and the hollowed-out parts (2a) of the perforated wall are disposed between the supply orifices (3b).
  3. Burner according to claim 2, wherein the hollowed-out parts (2a) of the perforated wall have a substantially cylindrical shape having an axis which is parallel to the perforated wall and perpendicular to the direction of alignment of the supply orifices (3b).
  4. Burner according to claim 3, wherein the hollowed-out parts (2a) have a cylindrical shape with a rounded cross-section.
  5. Burner according to claim 3, wherein the hollowed-out parts (2a) have a cylindrical shape with a substantially V-shaped cross-section.
  6. Burner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the perforated wall (2) has a flat general shape, apart from the hollowed-out parts (2a), and wherein the supply orifices (3b) are disposed in a common plane parallel to the perforated wall (2).
  7. Burner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each supply orifice (3b) is connected to a supply conduit (4) which has, at least in the vicinity of the supply orifice (3b), an axis which is substantially perpendicular to the perforated wall (2).
  8. Burner according to claim 7, wherein the supply conduits are venturi tubes (4) each supplied with combustible gas by an injector (5).
  9. Burner according to claim 8, wherein the various venturi tubes (4) have rectilinear, parallel and coplanar axes.
EP19950400939 1994-04-29 1995-04-26 Improvements to gas burners Expired - Lifetime EP0679838B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9405242A FR2719361B1 (en) 1994-04-29 1994-04-29 Improvements to gas burners.
FR9405242 1994-04-29

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EP0679838A1 EP0679838A1 (en) 1995-11-02
EP0679838B1 true EP0679838B1 (en) 1998-03-04

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EP (1) EP0679838B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69501673T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2719361B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2484974A3 (en) 2003-06-19 2014-08-27 Worgas Bruciatori S.R.L. Burner with diffuser resistant to high operating temperatures
WO2017092026A1 (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-08 深圳智慧能源技术有限公司 Ejector-type combustion device and fuel control system thereof
CN109681868B (en) * 2018-09-30 2021-05-25 浙江绍兴苏泊尔生活电器有限公司 Manufacturing method of combustor, combustor and gas stove

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2105026B (en) * 1981-07-24 1985-03-27 Furigas An atmospheric gas burner
FR2695457B1 (en) * 1992-09-08 1994-11-04 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Improvements to atmospheric gas burners.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0679838A1 (en) 1995-11-02
DE69501673D1 (en) 1998-04-09
FR2719361A1 (en) 1995-11-03
DE69501673T2 (en) 1998-10-22
FR2719361B1 (en) 1996-07-12

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