EP0596403B1 - Door system - Google Patents

Door system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0596403B1
EP0596403B1 EP93117453A EP93117453A EP0596403B1 EP 0596403 B1 EP0596403 B1 EP 0596403B1 EP 93117453 A EP93117453 A EP 93117453A EP 93117453 A EP93117453 A EP 93117453A EP 0596403 B1 EP0596403 B1 EP 0596403B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
hinge
column
door system
shaped beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93117453A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0596403A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Sack
Dieter Poschmann
Bernd-Alfred Klüting
Andreas Lenzke
Torge Krüger
Friedrich G. Klingelhöfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ED Scharwachter GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
ED Scharwachter GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0596403A1 publication Critical patent/EP0596403A1/en
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Publication of EP0596403B1 publication Critical patent/EP0596403B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
    • E05D3/06—Hinges with pins with two or more pins
    • E05D3/14—Hinges with pins with two or more pins with four parallel pins and two arms
    • E05D3/145—Hinges with pins with two or more pins with four parallel pins and two arms specially adapted for vehicles
    • E05D3/147—Hinges with pins with two or more pins with four parallel pins and two arms specially adapted for vehicles for vehicle doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
    • E05C17/20—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide
    • E05C17/203—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide concealed, e.g. for vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/10—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/1028—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open
    • E05D11/1042—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open the maintaining means being a cam and a torsion bar, e.g. motor vehicle hinge mechanisms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/28—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in horizontal plane
    • E05D15/32—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in horizontal plane with two pairs of pivoted arms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/531—Doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a door system consisting of a door pillar, a device for articulating a door on the door pillar and a further device for locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position.
  • Known types of such door systems provide for achieving a pivoting movement of the door superimposed by a transverse movement that the device for articulating the door on the one hand on the door and on the other hand on the door pillar articulated support lever and associated control means for enforcing a desired pivoting sequence of the support lever linkages comprises.
  • the device for articulating the door is formed by two hinges, each equipped with two pivot axes and a control means, which can be installed individually as a fitting part. In view of the forces that occur, this initially requires a massive design of the hinges and thus a relatively high weight, and furthermore also requires considerable assembly effort when installing the doors in the vehicle body.
  • the device for the articulation of the door comprises a support which extends essentially over the hinge distance and is formed as a hollow body made of sheet metal shells and which is connected to the hinge eyes forming hinge eyes both on the door side and on the door pillar side by means of a hinge rod extending over its entire height.
  • the door linkage is also unable to contribute to improving the adjustability of the door linkage in this embodiment.
  • the invention has for its object to design a door system of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be realized with an optimal stiffening of the body parts involved, on the one hand with the least possible number of parts to be assembled and on the other hand with the lowest possible weight and thereby the most noise-free possible Guaranteed door and can be equipped with a device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position with the least possible effort.
  • the device for articulating the door consists of an at least substantially X-shaped box girder support part and the articulation axes on the one hand the door and on the other hand the door pillar are connected to the free ends of the X-shaped support part
  • the X-shaped hollow box girder has a bi-convex cross-sectional shape and is formed from two sheet metal half-shells and is provided with hinge eyes at its free ends as defined in claim 1.
  • the X-shaped carrier can also be made from a correspondingly reinforced plastic material as a molded part or from profile material sections.
  • the use of an X-shaped hollow box girder also has the advantage of an exact definition of relatively short hinge linkages.
  • the bi-convex design of the cross-sectional shape of the X-shaped box girder brings with it a high intrinsic stiffness of the carrier part without additional space requirement and also offers the possibility of additional stiffening of the carrier part by beads or similar embossments arranged in the main load direction.
  • the carrier-side parts of the articulation axis of the door linkage are formed by hinge halves connected to the free ends of the carrier part, the carrier-side parts of the articulation axes of the door connected to the free ends of the door part expediently as two-eye hinge halves formed and represented by lengths of a continuous hinge profile.
  • the hinge halves on the door and door pillar side are each designed as a single eye and that the hinge pins of all the hinges are each supported by means of bearing bushes made of maintenance-free material with a seat in the single-eye hinge half, so that an absolutely maintenance-free and noiseless running of the door is guaranteed.
  • the hinge halves on the door and / or column side are formed as individual fitting parts, it is provided according to a special feature of the invention that the hinge halves on the door and / or column side by means of a connecting bar are combined to form a fitting unit and are each attached jointly, a particularly advantageous development being that the two hinge halves on the door and / or pillar side are each formed as part of a one-piece fitting part.
  • the invention provides that the fitting part or the side of the door and / or pillar supporting or having the respective hinge halves or the connecting bar can be attached to the respective door arrangement part, door or door pillar by means of screw bolts and with at least one fitting recess, for example an adjustment hole for at least one alignment part arranged on the door arrangement part, in particular the head of a centering screw.
  • a control rod is assigned to the X-shaped support part forming the door linkage, which is articulated on the door on the one hand and on the other on the door pillar in each case pivotable about an axis parallel to the hinge axes of the support part, wherein the articulation axes of the control rod are offset from the articulation axes of the X-shaped support part both in the direction of travel and transversely to the direction of travel, and wherein the X-shaped support part and control rod and the respective associated door and door pillar-side articulations are arranged in the form of a trapezoid in plan view .
  • control rod is formed by two length-adjustable flat material sections, in particular by means of screw bolts, and at both ends by means of a bearing bush is provided from maintenance-free bearing material lined articulation eye and that the control rod on the door and / or door pillar side is mounted by means of a hinge pin in a bearing block designed as a double eye, the bearing and / or door pillar side bearing block for articulating the control rod either directly to the respective door - and / or door pillar-side hinge half of one of the hinges assigned to the X-shaped support part is connected, or wherein the door and / or door pillar-side bearing block arranged for articulation of the control rod and one of the door and / or door pillar-side hinge halves for articulation of the X-shaped support part are arranged on a shaped, for example angular fitting plate.
  • the device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position is formed by a mechanical door lock
  • the door lock is on one of the arms of the X-shaped support member arranged and supported by a support arm on this C-shaped torsion bar spring and a arranged in a plane of movement of a loading arm of the torsion bar, arranged detent segment, which advantageously with the door pillar-side hinge half of the corresponding arm of the X-shaped support member assigned hinge rigidly connected or integrally formed therewith.
  • the torsion bar spring of the door arrester is held in this embodiment via its shaft part in a sheet metal part placed on the arm of the X-shaped support part and supported by the support arm thereof, while the detent segment cooperating with the torsion bar spring integrally with the hinge half on the door pillar and the articulation of the Control rod bearing at least partially angular fitting part is formed.
  • the locking segment cooperating with the torsion bar spring can be equipped with at least one locking roller and can be connected in an adjustable manner to the hinge half on the door pillar side with respect to the load arm of the torsion bar spring, the adjustable connection of the locking segment interacting with the torsion bar spring with the hinge half on the door pillar side by means of an eccentric portion of a stepped rivet bolt part can be formed.
  • a particularly suitable embodiment of the invention provides that the door and / or door pillar side, the corresponding hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped Support part having or supporting fitting part is formed by a sheet metal pressed part stiffened by beads and forms a reinforcement of the door pillar and / or the door frame in its assembled position.
  • the door body comprises a frame formed from an upper longitudinal force beam and a lower side impact beam as well as at least one front and one rear vertical beam, on which at least one subframe for door installations, such as window regulators or the like, and at least one the rear Door lock assigned to the door end and possibly also a front door lock assigned to the front door end or another front tumbler and finally the door-side hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are connected.
  • the fitting part which has or carries the door-side hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support part, in particular formed by a sheet-metal pressed part stiffened by beads or a profile strip, is designed to extend beyond the height of the frame of the door body and on the one hand with the longitudinal force carrier arranged on the top and on the other hand with the side impact beam connected, especially screwed.
  • the hinges on the door or pillar side of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are articulated, in particular as spherical head hinges. are designed.
  • the door system to which the door linkage shown in the drawing belongs, consists of a door pillar 1, a device for articulating a door 2 on the door pillar 1 and a further device 3 for fixing the door 2 in at least one position deviating from the closed position, the device for articulating the door consisting of an X-shaped hollow box support part 4, at the free ends thereof 5 the articulation axes 6 and 7 on the one hand the door 2 and on the other hand the door pillar 1 are connected.
  • the X-shaped hollow box support part 4 consists of two sheet metal half-shells 8 and 9 and, as is shown in the illustration in FIG.
  • the box girder part 4 is provided with hinge eyes 10, in such a way that the parts of the articulation axes 6 and 7 of the door linkage on the carrier side are formed by two-eye hinge halves 11 connected to the free ends 5 of the carrier part 4, the two-eye Hinge halves 11 are formed by length sections of a continuous hinge profile and, as can be seen in particular from the representations of FIGS. 2 and 3, are arranged with their hinge leaf section 12 engaging in the hollow body of the carrier part 4.
  • the two-eye hinge halves 11 are each fastened to the carrier part 4 by means of spot welding.
  • the hinge halves on the door and door pillar side are each designed as an eye 13.
  • the hinge pins 14 of all the hinges connecting the hinge halves 11 and 13 are each supported by means of bearing bushes 15 made of maintenance-free bearing material with a seat in the one-eye hinge half 13.
  • the hinge halves 13 on the door and column side are each designed and attached as individual fitting parts.
  • the two hinge halves 13 on the door side are designed as part of a one-piece fitting part 16.
  • a control rod 21 is arranged in the region of the lower end of the X-shaped support part 4, which on the one hand on the door 2 and on the other hand on the door pillar 1 about an axis 22 parallel to the hinge axes 6 and 7 of the support part 4 or 23 pivotally articulated, the articulation axes 22 and 23 of the control rod 21 being offset from the articulation axes 6 and 7 of the X-shaped support part 4 both in the direction of travel and transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the control rod 21 itself is formed by two length-adjustable, in particular by means of bolts 24, interconnected flat material sections 25 and 26 and is provided on both ends with a pivot eye 28 lined with a bearing bush 27 made of maintenance-free bearing material.
  • the control rod 21 is mounted on the door and door pillar side by means of a hinge pin 29 in a bearing block 30 designed as a double eye.
  • both the door and the door pillar-mounted bearing block 30 for connecting the control rod 21 to the door and door pillar-side hinge half 13 of the lower hinge associated with the X-shaped support part 4 are connected, whereby each the bearing block 30 for articulating the control rod 21 and the door or.
  • the hinge half 13 on the door column side of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4 are arranged on a common, angular fitting plate 31.
  • the bearing block 30 arranged on the door side is designed to link the control rod 21 to the uniform fitting part 16.
  • the device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position is formed in all of the illustrated embodiments by a mechanical door lock 33, the door lock 33 being arranged on one of the arms 5 of the X-shaped support part 4 and via a support arm 34 supported on this C-shaped torsion bar 35 and a in a plane intersecting the movement plane of a load arm 36 of the torsion bar 35 formed by a flat material blank formed segment segment 37, and wherein the segment segment 37, as can be seen in particular from the illustration of Figure 9, with the door pillar side Hinge half of the hinge associated with the corresponding arm 5 of the X-shaped support part 4 is connected.
  • the torsion bar spring 35 Via its shaft part 38, the torsion bar spring 35 is held in a sheet metal part 39 placed on the arm 5 of the X-shaped carrier part 4 and is supported on this by its support arm 34.
  • the locking segment 37 which interacts with the loading arm 36 of the torsion bar spring 35 is equipped with locking rollers 40 and is connected in an adjustable manner with respect to the loading arm 36 of the torsion bar spring 35 to the hinge half 13 on the door pillar, the adjustable connection of the locking segment 37 interacting with the torsion bar spring 35 with the hinge half 13 on the door pillar side, such as shown in detail in FIG. 9, is formed by an eccentric section 41 of a rivet bolt 42 having a stepped shank part.
  • the door pillar-side fitting part 16 which has the corresponding hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4, is formed by a sheet metal pressed part stiffened by beads 44 and forms a reinforcement of the door frame in its assembled position , as can be seen from FIG. 14. According to the representations in FIGS. 11 and 12, the door pillar-side fitting part 16, which has the corresponding hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4, is formed by a sheet metal pressed part stiffened by beads 44 and forms a reinforcement of the door frame in its assembled position , as can be seen from FIG. 14. According to the representations in FIGS.
  • the door body of the vehicle door is by an upper longitudinal force carrier 45 and a lower side impact beam 46 and at least one front 47 and a rear vertical support 48 existing frame, wherein at least one unit support 49 for door installations, such as window lifters or the like, as well as at least one door lock 50 associated with the rear door end and possibly also on the frame assigned to the front door end, front door lock 51 and finally the door-side hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped carrier part 4 are connected.
  • the fitting part 16 which has the door-side hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4 and is designed to extend over the height of the frame of the door body and, on the one hand, is connected, in particular screwed, to the longitudinal force support 45 arranged on the top and on the other hand to the side impact support 46 so that it forms an additional stiffening of the frame as a further vertical beam.
  • the same stiffening effect results with regard to the door pillar if the two hinge halves on the door pillar side of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are likewise arranged on a sheet metal press part which may be stiffened by beads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
  • Gates (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Türsystem, bestehend aus einer Türsäule, einer Einrichtung zur Anlenkung einer Türe an der Türsäule sowie einer weiteren Einrichtung zur Feststellung der Türe in wenigstens einer von der Schließlage abweichenden Stellung.The invention relates to a door system consisting of a door pillar, a device for articulating a door on the door pillar and a further device for locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position.

Bekannte Bauarten solcher Türsysteme sehen zur Erzielung einer von einer Querbewegung überlagerten Schwenkbewegung der Türe vor, daß die Einrichtung zur Anlenkung der Türe einerseits an der Türe und andererseits an der Türsäule angelenkte Traghebel sowie diesen zugeordnete Steuermittel einrichtung zur Erzwingung einer gewünschten Schwenkfolge der Traghebelanlenkungen umfaßt. Bei einer ersten bekannten Ausführungsform nach DE-OS 41 40 289 ist dabei die Einrichtung zur Anlenkung der Türe durch zwei mit jeweils zwei Schwenkachsen und einem Steuermittel ausgestattete, als Beschlagteil einzeln zu montierende Scharniere gebildet. Dies erfordert zunächst im Hinblick auf die auftretenden Kräfte eine massive Ausbildung der Scharniere und damit ein verhältnismäßig hohes Gewicht und bedingt ferner auch einen erheblichen Montageaufwand beim Einbau der Türen in die Fahrzeugkarosserie.Known types of such door systems provide for achieving a pivoting movement of the door superimposed by a transverse movement that the device for articulating the door on the one hand on the door and on the other hand on the door pillar articulated support lever and associated control means for enforcing a desired pivoting sequence of the support lever linkages comprises. In a first known embodiment according to DE-OS 41 40 289, the device for articulating the door is formed by two hinges, each equipped with two pivot axes and a control means, which can be installed individually as a fitting part. In view of the forces that occur, this initially requires a massive design of the hinges and thus a relatively high weight, and furthermore also requires considerable assembly effort when installing the doors in the vehicle body.

Nicht weniger aufwendig ist die vergleichbar gestaltete Türanlenkung nach der DE-OS 41 33 883, der im wesentlichen die gleichen Nachteile anhaften. Gemeinsam ist beiden Ausführungsformen, daß die aus einzelnen Beschlagteilen bestehende Türaufhängung nichts zur Aussteifung der beteiligten Karosserieteile, Tür oder Türsäule, beitragen kann und diese daher besonders in sich steif oder versteift ausgebildet werden müssen.The similarly designed door linkage according to DE-OS 41 33 883, which has essentially the same disadvantages, is no less complex. Common to both embodiments is that the door suspension consisting of individual fitting parts cannot contribute anything to stiffening the body parts involved, door or door pillar, and they must therefore be designed to be particularly rigid or stiffened.

Der Nachteil der Verwendung einzelner Beschlagteile zur Anlenkung der Türe an der Türsäule ist bei einer weiteren aus JP-PS 61-294 076 bekannten Bauart eines Türsystemes mit überlagerter Querbewegung beim Schwenken der Türe dadurch vermieden, daß die Einrichtung zur Anlenkung der Türe einen im wesentlichen über den Scharnierabstand hin reichenden, als Hohlkörper aus Blechschalen gebildeten Träger umfaßt, der sowohl türseitig als türsäulenseitig jeweils mittels einer über seine gesamte Höhe hin reichenden Scharnierstange schwenkbar an Scharnieraugen bildende Blechwinkel angeschlossen ist. Abgesehen davon, daß bei dieser Ausführungsform eine auch nur einigermaßen befriedigende, d.h. eine gewisse Laufruhe gewährleistende, Gestaltung der Schwenklager einen erheblichen Aufwand erfordert vermag die Türanlenkung auch bei dieser Ausführungsform nichts zur Verbesserung der Einstellbarkeit der Türanlenkung beizutragen.The disadvantage of using individual fitting parts for articulating the door on the door pillar is in a further known from JP-PS 61-294 076 design of a door system with superimposed transverse movement when pivoting the door avoided that the device for the articulation of the door comprises a support which extends essentially over the hinge distance and is formed as a hollow body made of sheet metal shells and which is connected to the hinge eyes forming hinge eyes both on the door side and on the door pillar side by means of a hinge rod extending over its entire height. Apart from the fact that in this embodiment an even somewhat satisfactory design, that is to say a certain smoothness, the design of the pivot bearing requires considerable effort, the door linkage is also unable to contribute to improving the adjustability of the door linkage in this embodiment.

Ähnliche Türsysteme sind aus den US-A-4 738 003, FR-A-2 522 712 sowie GB-A-1 123 970 bekannt. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Türsystem der eingangs genannten Art derart auszugestalten, daß es bei optimaler Versteifung der beteiligten Karosserieteile zum einen mit einer geringstmöglichen Anzahl von Einzeln zu montierenden Teilen und zum anderen mit einem geringstmöglichen Gewicht realisierbar ist und dabei einen möglichst geräuschfreien Gang der Türe gewährleistet sowie bei geringstmöglichem Aufwand mit einer Einrichtung zum Abbremsen und Feststellen der Türe in wenigstens einer von der Schließstellung abweichenden Stellung ausgestattet werden kann.Similar door systems are known from US-A-4 738 003, FR-A-2 522 712 and GB-A-1 123 970. The invention has for its object to design a door system of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be realized with an optimal stiffening of the body parts involved, on the one hand with the least possible number of parts to be assembled and on the other hand with the lowest possible weight and thereby the most noise-free possible Guaranteed door and can be equipped with a device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position with the least possible effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Einrichtung zur Anlenkung der Türe aus einem wenigstens im Wesentlichen X-förmigen Hohlkasten-Trägerteil besteht und die Anlenkachsen einerseits der Türe und andererseits der Türsäule an die freien Enden des X-förmigen Trägerteiles angeschlossen sind, wobei der X-förmige Hohlkasten-Träger eine bi-konvexe Querschnittsform besitzt und aus zwei Blechhalbschalen gebildet sowie an seinen freien Enden mit Scharnieraugen versehen ist wie im Anspruch 1 definiert ist. Der X-förmige Träger kann aber auch aus einem entsprechend verstärkten Kunststoffmaterial als Formteil oder aus Profilmaterialabschnitten hergestellt sein. Neben einer Gewichtsverminderung bei hoher Festigkeit bzw. Eigensteifigkeit hat die Verwendung eines X-förmigen Hohlkasten-Trägers aber auch den Vorteil einer exakten Festlegung verhältnismäßig kurzbauend ausgebildeter Scharnieranlenkungen. Insbesondere die bi-konvexe Ausbildung der Querschnittsform des X-förmigen Hohlkastenträgers bringt ohne zusätzlichen Bedarf an Einbauraum eine hohe Eigensteifigkeit des Trägerteiles mit sich und bietet darüberhinaus auch noch die Möglichkeit einer zusätzlichen Versteifung des Trägerteiles durch in der Hauptbelastungsrichtung verlaufend angeordnete Sicken oder dergl. Verprägungen.This object is achieved in that the device for articulating the door consists of an at least substantially X-shaped box girder support part and the articulation axes on the one hand the door and on the other hand the door pillar are connected to the free ends of the X-shaped support part, the X-shaped hollow box girder has a bi-convex cross-sectional shape and is formed from two sheet metal half-shells and is provided with hinge eyes at its free ends as defined in claim 1. The X-shaped carrier can also be made from a correspondingly reinforced plastic material as a molded part or from profile material sections. In addition to weight loss with high strength or inherent rigidity, the use of an X-shaped hollow box girder also has the advantage of an exact definition of relatively short hinge linkages. In particular, the bi-convex design of the cross-sectional shape of the X-shaped box girder brings with it a high intrinsic stiffness of the carrier part without additional space requirement and also offers the possibility of additional stiffening of the carrier part by beads or similar embossments arranged in the main load direction.

Vorteilhafterweise ist in diesem Zusammenhang vorgesehen, daß die trägerseitigen Teile der Anlenkachse der Türanlenkung durch an die freien Enden des Trägerteiles angeschlossene Scharnierhälften gebildet sind, wobei die an die freien Enden des X-förmigen Trägerteiles angeschlossenen trägerseitigen Teile der Anlenkachsen der Türe zweckmäßig als Zweiauge-Scharnierhälften ausgebildet und durch Längenabschnitte eines fortlaufenden Scharnierprofiles dargestellt sind. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Scharnierlappen der Scharnierhälften in das X-förmige Trägerteil eingreifend angeordnet und zu dessen Aussteifung herangezogen werden können.It is advantageously provided in this context that the carrier-side parts of the articulation axis of the door linkage are formed by hinge halves connected to the free ends of the carrier part, the carrier-side parts of the articulation axes of the door connected to the free ends of the door part expediently as two-eye hinge halves formed and represented by lengths of a continuous hinge profile. This has the advantage that the hinge tabs of the hinge halves can be arranged so as to engage in the X-shaped support part and can be used to stiffen them.

Im Einzelnen kann jedoch auch vorgesehen werden, daß die tür-und türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften jeweils als Einauge ausgebildet sind und daß die Scharnierstifte aller Scharniere jeweils vermittels Lagerbuchsen aus wartungsfreiem Material mit Laufsitz in der Einauge-Scharnierhälfte gelagert sind, wodurch in einfachster Weise ein absolut wartungsfreier und geräuschfreier Lauf der Türe gewährleistet ist.In detail, however, it can also be provided that the hinge halves on the door and door pillar side are each designed as a single eye and that the hinge pins of all the hinges are each supported by means of bearing bushes made of maintenance-free material with a seat in the single-eye hinge half, so that an absolutely maintenance-free and noiseless running of the door is guaranteed.

Neben einer Ausbildung der tür-und/oder tüsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften jeweils als Einzel-Beschlagteile ist nach einem besonderen Merkmal der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die tür-und/oder türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften vermittels einer Verbindungsleiste jeweils zu einer Beschlageinheit zusammengefaßt und jeweils gemeinsam angeschlagen sind, wobei eine ganz besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung darin besteht, daß die beiden tür-und/oder türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften jeweils als Teil eines einteiligen Beschlagteiles ausgebildet sind.In addition to forming the hinge halves on the door and / or column side as individual fitting parts, it is provided according to a special feature of the invention that the hinge halves on the door and / or column side by means of a connecting bar are combined to form a fitting unit and are each attached jointly, a particularly advantageous development being that the two hinge halves on the door and / or pillar side are each formed as part of a one-piece fitting part.

Um die Türen während des Einbaues der Innenausstattung in die Karosserie von dieser abnehmen und später in der ursprünglich eingerichteten Lage wieder an die Karosserie anschließen zu können ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß das tür-und/oder türsäulenseitige, die jeweiligen Scharnierhälften tragende oder aufweisende Beschlagteil bzw. die Verbindungsleiste vermittels Schraubenbolzen am jeweiligen Türanordnungsteil, Tür oder Türsäule, anschlagbar ist und mit wenigstens einer Passausnehmung, z.B. einer Justierbohrung, für wenigstens ein am Türanordnungsteil angeordnetes Ausrichtteil, insbesondere den Kopf einer Zentrierschraube, versehen ist.In order to be able to remove the doors from the interior during the installation of the interior and to be able to connect them to the body again later in the originally set-up position, the invention provides that the fitting part or the side of the door and / or pillar supporting or having the respective hinge halves or the connecting bar can be attached to the respective door arrangement part, door or door pillar by means of screw bolts and with at least one fitting recess, for example an adjustment hole for at least one alignment part arranged on the door arrangement part, in particular the head of a centering screw.

Zur Erzwingung einer bestimmten, gewünschten Bewegungscharakteristik der Türe biem öffnen und Schließen ist dem die Türanlenkung bildenden X-förmigen Trägerteil eine Steuerstange zugeordnet, welche einerseits an der Türe und andererseits an der Türsäule jeweils um eine zu den Scharnierachsen des Trägerteiles parallele Achse schwenkbar angelenkt ist, wobei die Anlenkachsen der Steuerstange den Anlenkachsen des X-förmigen Trägerteiles gegenüber sowohl in Fahrtrichtung als auch quer zur Fahrtrichtung versetzt angeordnet sind und wobei X-förmiges Trägerteil und Steuerstange sowie die jeweils zugehörigen tür-und türsäulenseitigen Anlenkungen in der Draufsicht in Form eines Trapezes angeordnet sind.To force a specific, desired movement characteristic of the door when opening and closing, a control rod is assigned to the X-shaped support part forming the door linkage, which is articulated on the door on the one hand and on the other on the door pillar in each case pivotable about an axis parallel to the hinge axes of the support part, wherein the articulation axes of the control rod are offset from the articulation axes of the X-shaped support part both in the direction of travel and transversely to the direction of travel, and wherein the X-shaped support part and control rod and the respective associated door and door pillar-side articulations are arranged in the form of a trapezoid in plan view .

Im Einzelnen ist weiter vorgesehen, daß die Steuerstange durch zwei längenverstellbar, insbesondere mittels Schraubenbolzen, miteinander verbundene Flachmaterialabschnitte gebildet und beidendig mit einem mittels einer Lagerbuchse aus wartungsfreiem Lagermaterial ausgekleideten Anlenkauge versehen ist und daß die Steuerstange tür-und/oder türsäulenseitig vermittels jeweils eines Scharniertiftes in einem als Zweiauge ausgebildeten Lagerbock gelagert ist, wobei der tür-und/oder türsäulenseitig angeordnete Lagerbock zur Anlenkung der Steuerstange entweder direkt an die jeweils tür- und/oder türsäulenseitige Scharnierhälfte eines der dem X-förmigen Trägerteil zugeordneten Scharniere angeschlossen ist oder wobei der tür-und/oder türsäulenseitig angeordnete Lagerbock zur Anlenkung der Steuerstange und eine der tür- und/oder türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften für die Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles an einem geformten, beispielsweise winkelförmigen Beschlagblech angeordnet sind.Specifically, it is further provided that the control rod is formed by two length-adjustable flat material sections, in particular by means of screw bolts, and at both ends by means of a bearing bush is provided from maintenance-free bearing material lined articulation eye and that the control rod on the door and / or door pillar side is mounted by means of a hinge pin in a bearing block designed as a double eye, the bearing and / or door pillar side bearing block for articulating the control rod either directly to the respective door - and / or door pillar-side hinge half of one of the hinges assigned to the X-shaped support part is connected, or wherein the door and / or door pillar-side bearing block arranged for articulation of the control rod and one of the door and / or door pillar-side hinge halves for articulation of the X-shaped support part are arranged on a shaped, for example angular fitting plate.

Entsprechend der bevorzugten, durch die Ausbildung der tür- und/oder türsäulenseitigen Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles als einteiliges beschlagteil gekennzeichneten Verwirklichungsform der Erfindung ist jedoch vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß der tür-und/oder türsäulenseitig angeordnete Lagerbock zur Anlenkung der Steuerstange an einem einheitlichen, insbesondere wenigstens teilweise als Winkelleiste ausgebildeten oder dergl., wenigstens einen abgewinkelten Lappen aufweisenden Beschlagteil ausgebildet bzw. angeordnet ist.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, characterized by the design of the door and / or door pillar linkage of the X-shaped support part as a one-piece fitting part, it is preferably provided that the bearing block arranged on the door and / or door pillar side for linking the control rod to a uniform, in particular at least partially designed or arranged as an angular strip or the like. At least one angled lobe fitting part.

In weiterer Vervollständigung der Erfindung ist ferner vorgesehen, daß die Einrichtung zum Abbremsen und Feststellen der Türe in wenigstens einer von der Schließlage abweichenden Stellung durch einen mechanischen Türfeststeller gebildet ist, wobei in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltungsform vorgesehen ist, daß der Türfeststeller eine am einen der Arme des X-förmigen Trägerteiles angeordnete und über einen Stützarm an diesem abgestützte C-förmige Drehstabfeder und ein in einer die Bewegungsebene eines Belastungsarmes der Drehstabfeder schneidenden Ebene angeordnetes Rastensegment umfaßt, welches vorteilhaft mit der türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälfte des dem entsprechenden Arm des X-förmigen Trägerteiles zugeordneten Scharnieres starr verbunden bzw. mit dieser einteilig ausgebildet ist.In a further completion of the invention it is further provided that the device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position is formed by a mechanical door lock, in a preferred embodiment it is provided that the door lock is on one of the arms of the X-shaped support member arranged and supported by a support arm on this C-shaped torsion bar spring and a arranged in a plane of movement of a loading arm of the torsion bar, arranged detent segment, which advantageously with the door pillar-side hinge half of the corresponding arm of the X-shaped support member assigned hinge rigidly connected or integrally formed therewith.

Die Drehstabfeder des Türfeststellers ist bei dieser Ausführungsform über ihren Schaftteil in einem auf den Arm des X-förmigen Trägerteiles aufgesetzten Blechteil gehalten und über ihren Stützarm an diesem abgestützt, während das mit der Drehstabfeder zusammenwirkende Rastensegment einteilig mit einem gleichzeitig die türsäulenseitige Scharnierhälfte und die Anlenkung der Steuerstange tragenden wenigstens bereichsweise winkelförmigen Beschlagteil ausgebildet ist. Das mit der Drehstabfeder zusammenwirkende Rastensegment kann dabei mit wenigstens einer Rastrolle bestückt und bezüglich des Belastungsarmes der Drehstabfeder einstellbar mit der türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälfte verbunden sein, wobei die einstellbare Verbindung des mit der Drehstabfeder zusammenwirkenden Rastensegmentes mit der türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälfte durch einen Excenterabschnitt eines einen abgestuften Schaftteil aufweisenden Nietbolzens gebildet sein kann.The torsion bar spring of the door arrester is held in this embodiment via its shaft part in a sheet metal part placed on the arm of the X-shaped support part and supported by the support arm thereof, while the detent segment cooperating with the torsion bar spring integrally with the hinge half on the door pillar and the articulation of the Control rod bearing at least partially angular fitting part is formed. The locking segment cooperating with the torsion bar spring can be equipped with at least one locking roller and can be connected in an adjustable manner to the hinge half on the door pillar side with respect to the load arm of the torsion bar spring, the adjustable connection of the locking segment interacting with the torsion bar spring with the hinge half on the door pillar side by means of an eccentric portion of a stepped rivet bolt part can be formed.

Eine bei einfachster Gestaltung und geringem Gewicht für die Heranziehung der Türanlenkung zur Versteifung der beteiligten Karosserieteile, wie Tür und Türsäule, besonders gut geeignete Verwirklichungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß das tür-und/oder türsäulenseitige, die entsprechenden Scharnierhälften der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles aufweisende oder tragende Beschlagteil durch ein mittels Sicken versteiftes Blechpressteil gebildet ist und in seiner montierten Stellung eine Verstärkung der Türsäule und /oder des Türrahmens bildet. Im Zusammenhang damit besteht eine Vervollständigung des Erfindungsgedankens darin, daß der Türkörper mit einem aus einem oberen Längskraftträger und einem unteren Seitenaufprallträger sowie wenigstens einem vorderen und einem hinteren Vertikalträger gebildeten Rahmen umfaßt, an welchen wenigsten ein Aggregateträger für Türeinbauten, wie Fensterheber oder dergl., sowie mindestens ein dem hinteren Türende zugeordnetes Türschloß und gegebenenfalls auch ein dem vorderen Türende zugeordnetes vorderes Türschloß oder eine sonstige vordere Zuhaltung und schließlich die türseitigen Scharnierhälften der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles angeschlossen sind. Das die türseitigen Scharnierhälften der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles aufweisende oder tragende, insbesondere durch ein mittels Sicken versteiftes Blechpressteil oder eine Profilleiste gebildete Beschlagteil ist über die Höhe des Rahmens des Türkörpers hin reichend gestaltet und einerseits mit dem oberseitig angeordneten Längskraftträger und andererseits mit dem Seitenaufprallträger verbunden, insbesondere verschraubt.One of the simplest design and low weight for the use of the door linkage to stiffen the body parts involved, such as the door and door pillar, a particularly suitable embodiment of the invention provides that the door and / or door pillar side, the corresponding hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped Support part having or supporting fitting part is formed by a sheet metal pressed part stiffened by beads and forms a reinforcement of the door pillar and / or the door frame in its assembled position. In connection with this, the idea of the invention is completed by the fact that the door body comprises a frame formed from an upper longitudinal force beam and a lower side impact beam as well as at least one front and one rear vertical beam, on which at least one subframe for door installations, such as window regulators or the like, and at least one the rear Door lock assigned to the door end and possibly also a front door lock assigned to the front door end or another front tumbler and finally the door-side hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are connected. The fitting part which has or carries the door-side hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support part, in particular formed by a sheet-metal pressed part stiffened by beads or a profile strip, is designed to extend beyond the height of the frame of the door body and on the one hand with the longitudinal force carrier arranged on the top and on the other hand with the side impact beam connected, especially screwed.

Um das Einrichten der Türe in die Türöffnung der Fahrzeugkarosserie zu erleichtern kann unbeschadet der vorteilhaften Verwendung der übrigen Merkmale nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ferner vorgesehen sein, entweder die tür-oder türsäulenseitigen Scharniere der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles raumgelenkig, insbesondere als Kugelkopfscharniere, gestaltet sind.In order to make it easier to set up the door in the door opening of the vehicle body, without prejudice to the advantageous use of the other features according to a further feature of the invention, it can also be provided that the hinges on the door or pillar side of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are articulated, in particular as spherical head hinges. are designed.

Die Erfindung ist in der nachfolgenden Beispielsbeschreibung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles im Einzelnen beschrieben.
In der Zeichnung zeigt die

Figur 1
eine Seitenansicht eines X-förmigen Trägerteiles zur Anlenkung einer Fahrzeugtüre mit von einer Querbewegung überlagerter Schwenkbewegung;
Figur 2
einen Schnitt durch das Trägerteil nach Figur 1 entlang der Linie II-II;
Figur 3
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie III-III durch das Trägerteil nach Figur 1;
Figur 4
einen Schnitt durch die Anlenkung des Trägerteiles entlang der Linie IV-IV in Figur 1;
Figur 5
eine Draufsicht auf die Türanlenkung nach Figur 1 bis 4;
Figur 6
eine Seitenansicht entsprechend Figur 1 jedoch mit angeschlossenem Türfeststeller;
Figur 7
eine Draufsicht auf den Türfeststeller bei geöffneter Tür;
Figur 8
eine Draufsicht entsprechend Figur 7 im vergrößerten Maßstab;
Figur 9
eine Seitenansicht des Türfeststellers;
Figur 10
eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform der türsäulenseitigen Anlenkung des Trägerteiles;
Figur 11
eine Rückansicht eines an den X-förmigen Trägers angelenkten Beschlagteiles;
Figur 12
eine Seitenansicht des Beschlagteiles nach Figur 11;
Figur 13
eine schematische Darstellung eines Türrahmens mit angeschlossenem X-förmigen Trägerteil;
Figur 14
eine Darstellung einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform des Türrahmens nach Figur 13;
Figur 15
eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung des Trägerteiles nach Figur 1.
The invention is described in detail in the example description below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.
In the drawing, the
Figure 1
a side view of an X-shaped support member for articulation of a vehicle door with a transverse movement superimposed pivoting movement;
Figure 2
a section through the support member of Figure 1 along the line II-II;
Figure 3
a section along the line III-III through the support member of Figure 1;
Figure 4
a section through the articulation of the support member along the line IV-IV in Figure 1;
Figure 5
a plan view of the door linkage according to Figure 1 to 4;
Figure 6
a side view corresponding to Figure 1 but with the door lock connected;
Figure 7
a plan view of the door lock with the door open;
Figure 8
a plan view corresponding to Figure 7 on an enlarged scale;
Figure 9
a side view of the door arrester;
Figure 10
a plan view of an embodiment of the door column-side articulation of the support part;
Figure 11
a rear view of a hinged to the X-shaped bracket part;
Figure 12
a side view of the fitting part of Figure 11;
Figure 13
a schematic representation of a door frame with attached X-shaped support part;
Figure 14
a representation of a modified embodiment of the door frame according to Figure 13;
Figure 15
2 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of the carrier part according to FIG. 1.

Das Türsystem, zu dem die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Türanlenkung gehört, besteht aus einer Türsäule 1, einer Einrichtung zur Anlenkung einer Türe 2 an der Türsäule 1 sowie einer weiteren Einrichtung 3 zur Feststellung der Türe 2 in wenigstens einer von der Schließlage abweichenden Stellung, wobei die Einrichtung zur Anlenkung der Türe aus einem X-förmigen Hohlkasten-Trägerteil 4 besteht, an dessen freien Enden 5 die Anlenkachsen 6 und 7 einerseits der Türe 2 und andererseits der Türsäule 1 angeschlossen sind. Der X-förmige Hohlkasten-Trägerteil 4 besteht aus zwei Blechhalbschalen 8 und 9 gebildet und weist, wie in der Darstellung der Figur 15 verdeutlicht, über seine Höhe hin eine bi-konvexe Querschnittsform auf, wobei zur weiteren Versteifung etwa in Längsrichtung seiner Arme verlaufende, in der gedachten Verbindunglinie zwischen zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Anlen kungen liegende Sicken 400 vorgesehen sind. An seinen freien Enden ist das Hohlkasten-Trägerteil 4 mit Scharnieraugen 10 versehen, in der Weise, daß die trägerseitigen Teile der Anlenkachsen 6 und 7 der Türanlenkung durch an die freien Enden 5 des Trägerteiles 4 angeschlossene Zweiauge-Scharnierhälften 11 gebildet sind, wobei die Zweiauge-Scharnierhälften 11 durch Längenabschnitte eines fortlaufenden Scharnierprofiles gebildet und wie insbesondere aus den Darstellungen der Figuren 2 und 3 erkennbar mit ihrem Scharnierblattabschnitt 12 in den Hohlkörper des Trägerteiles 4 eingreifend angeordnet sind. Am Trägerteil 4 sind die Zweiauge-Scharnierhälften 11 jeweils mittels Punktschweißung befestigt. Die tür-und türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften sind jeweils als Einauge 13 ausgebildet. Die die Scharnierhälften 11 und 13 verbindenden Scharnierstifte 14 aller Scharniere sind jeweils vermittels Lagerbuchsen 15 aus wartungsfreiem Lagermaterial mit Laufsitz in der Einauge-Scharnierhälfte 13 gelagert. In der in den Figuren 1 bis 6 dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die tür-und tüsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften 13 jeweils als Einzel-Beschlagteile ausgebildet und angeschlagen. Bei dem in den Figuren 11 und 12 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die beiden türseitigen Scharnierhälften 13 als Teil eines einteiligen Beschlagteiles 16 ausgebildet. Wie insbesondere in der Darstellung der Figur 10 im Einzelnen gezeigt ist wenigstens eine der beiden im übrigen über Schraubenbolzen 19 an der Türsäule 1 anschlagbaren, türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften 13 im Bereich ihres Scharnierblattes 17 mit einer durch eine Justierbohrung 18 Passausnehmung für ein an der Türsäule 1 angeordnetes, durch den Kopf 20 einer Zentrierschraube gebildetes Ausrichtteil versehen. Bei allen gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen ist im Bereich des unteren Endes des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 eine Steuer- stange 21 angeordnet, welche einerseits an der Türe 2 und andererseits an der Türsäule 1 jeweils um eine zu den Scharnierachsen 6 und 7 des Trägerteiles 4 parallele Achse 22 bzw. 23 schwenkbar angelenkt, wobei die Anlenkachsen 22 und 23 der Steuerstange 21 den Anlenkachsen 6 und 7 des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 gegenüber sowohl in Fahrtrichtung als auch quer zur Fahrtrichtung versetzt angeordnet sind. Die Steuerstange 21 selbst ist durch zwei längenverstellbar, insbesondere mittels Schraubenbolzen 24, miteinander verbundene Flachmaterialabschnitte 25 und 26 gebildet und beidendig mit einem mittels einer Lagerbuchse 27 aus wartungsfreiem Lagermaterial ausgekleideten Anlenkauge 28 versehen. Die Steuerstange 21 ist sowohl tür-als auch türsäulenseitig vermittels eines Scharniertiftes 29 in einem als Zweiauge ausgebildeten Lagerbock 30 gelagert. Bei der in den Figuren 1 und 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform ist sowohl der tür-als auch der türsäulenseitig angeordnete Lagerbock 30 zur Anlenkung der Steuerstange 21 an die tür-und die türsäulenseitige Scharnierhälfte 13 des unteren der dem X-förmigen Trägerteil 4 zugeordneten Scharniere angeschlossen, wobei jeweils der Lagerbock 30 zur Anlenkung der Steuerstange 21 und die tür-bzw. die türsäulenseitige Scharnierhälfte 13 der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 an einem gemeinsamen, winkelförmigen Beschlagblech 31 angeordnet sind. Bei der in den Figuren 11 und 12 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der türseitig angeordnete Lagerbock 30 zur Anlenkung der Steuerstange 21 an dem einheitlichen Beschlagteil 16 ausgebildet.The door system, to which the door linkage shown in the drawing belongs, consists of a door pillar 1, a device for articulating a door 2 on the door pillar 1 and a further device 3 for fixing the door 2 in at least one position deviating from the closed position, the device for articulating the door consisting of an X-shaped hollow box support part 4, at the free ends thereof 5 the articulation axes 6 and 7 on the one hand the door 2 and on the other hand the door pillar 1 are connected. The X-shaped hollow box support part 4 consists of two sheet metal half-shells 8 and 9 and, as is shown in the illustration in FIG. 15, has a bi-convex cross-sectional shape over its height, with further stiffening extending approximately in the longitudinal direction of its arms, beads 400 are provided in the imaginary connecting line between two opposite hinges. At its free ends, the box girder part 4 is provided with hinge eyes 10, in such a way that the parts of the articulation axes 6 and 7 of the door linkage on the carrier side are formed by two-eye hinge halves 11 connected to the free ends 5 of the carrier part 4, the two-eye Hinge halves 11 are formed by length sections of a continuous hinge profile and, as can be seen in particular from the representations of FIGS. 2 and 3, are arranged with their hinge leaf section 12 engaging in the hollow body of the carrier part 4. The two-eye hinge halves 11 are each fastened to the carrier part 4 by means of spot welding. The hinge halves on the door and door pillar side are each designed as an eye 13. The hinge pins 14 of all the hinges connecting the hinge halves 11 and 13 are each supported by means of bearing bushes 15 made of maintenance-free bearing material with a seat in the one-eye hinge half 13. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the hinge halves 13 on the door and column side are each designed and attached as individual fitting parts. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, the two hinge halves 13 on the door side are designed as part of a one-piece fitting part 16. As especially in the representation of the figure 10 is shown in detail at least one of the two hinge halves 13, which can otherwise be attached to the door pillar 1 by means of bolts 19, in the area of their hinge leaf 17 with a recess 18 through an adjustment hole for an arranged on the door pillar 1 and formed by the head 20 of a centering screw Alignment part provided. In all of the exemplary embodiments shown, a control rod 21 is arranged in the region of the lower end of the X-shaped support part 4, which on the one hand on the door 2 and on the other hand on the door pillar 1 about an axis 22 parallel to the hinge axes 6 and 7 of the support part 4 or 23 pivotally articulated, the articulation axes 22 and 23 of the control rod 21 being offset from the articulation axes 6 and 7 of the X-shaped support part 4 both in the direction of travel and transversely to the direction of travel. The control rod 21 itself is formed by two length-adjustable, in particular by means of bolts 24, interconnected flat material sections 25 and 26 and is provided on both ends with a pivot eye 28 lined with a bearing bush 27 made of maintenance-free bearing material. The control rod 21 is mounted on the door and door pillar side by means of a hinge pin 29 in a bearing block 30 designed as a double eye. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 3, both the door and the door pillar-mounted bearing block 30 for connecting the control rod 21 to the door and door pillar-side hinge half 13 of the lower hinge associated with the X-shaped support part 4 are connected, whereby each the bearing block 30 for articulating the control rod 21 and the door or. the hinge half 13 on the door column side of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4 are arranged on a common, angular fitting plate 31. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the bearing block 30 arranged on the door side is designed to link the control rod 21 to the uniform fitting part 16.

Die Einrichtung zum Abbremsen und Feststellen der Türe in wenigstens einer von der Schließlage abweichenden Stellung ist in allen dargestellten Ausfüphrungsformen durch einen mechanischen Türfeststeller 33 gebildet, wobei der Türfeststeller 33 eine am einen der Arme 5 des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 angeordnete und über einen Stützarm 34 an diesem abgestützte C-förmige Drehstabfeder 35 und ein in einer die Bewegungsebene eines Belastungsarmes 36 der Drehstabfeder 35 schneidenden Ebene angeordnetes durch einen Flachmaterialzuschnitt gebildetes Rastensegment 37 umfaßt, und wobei das Rastensegment 37, wie insbesondere aus der Darstellung der Figur 9 ersichtlich, mit der türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälfte des dem entsprechenden Arm 5 des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 zugeordneten Scharnieres verbunden ist. Über ihren Schaftteil 38 ist die Drehstabfeder 35 in einem auf den Arm 5 des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 aufgesetzten Blechteil 39 gehalten und über ihren Stützarm 34 an diesem abgestützt. Das mit dem Belastungsarm 36 der Drehstabfeder 35 zusammenwirkende Rastensegment 37 ist mit Rastrollen 40 bestückt und bezüglich des Belastungsarmes 36 der Drehstabfeder 35 einstellbar mit der türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälfte 13 verbunden, die einstellbare Verbindung des mit der Drehstabfeder 35 zusammenwirkenden Rastensegmentes 37 mit der türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälfte 13, wie im Einzelnen in der Figur 9 gezeigt, durch einen Excenterabschnitt 41 eines einen abgestuften Schaftteil aufweisenden Nietbolzens 42 gebildet ist.The device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position is formed in all of the illustrated embodiments by a mechanical door lock 33, the door lock 33 being arranged on one of the arms 5 of the X-shaped support part 4 and via a support arm 34 supported on this C-shaped torsion bar 35 and a in a plane intersecting the movement plane of a load arm 36 of the torsion bar 35 formed by a flat material blank formed segment segment 37, and wherein the segment segment 37, as can be seen in particular from the illustration of Figure 9, with the door pillar side Hinge half of the hinge associated with the corresponding arm 5 of the X-shaped support part 4 is connected. Via its shaft part 38, the torsion bar spring 35 is held in a sheet metal part 39 placed on the arm 5 of the X-shaped carrier part 4 and is supported on this by its support arm 34. The locking segment 37 which interacts with the loading arm 36 of the torsion bar spring 35 is equipped with locking rollers 40 and is connected in an adjustable manner with respect to the loading arm 36 of the torsion bar spring 35 to the hinge half 13 on the door pillar, the adjustable connection of the locking segment 37 interacting with the torsion bar spring 35 with the hinge half 13 on the door pillar side, such as shown in detail in FIG. 9, is formed by an eccentric section 41 of a rivet bolt 42 having a stepped shank part.

Bei der in den Figuren 11 und 12 dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das türsäulenseitige, die entsprechenden Scharnierhälften 13 der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 aufweisende und tragende Beschlagteil 16 durch ein mittels Sicken 44 versteiftes Blechpressteil gebildet und bildet in seiner montierten Stellung eine Verstärkung des Türrahmens, wie dies aus der Figur 14 ersichtlich ist. Gemäß den Darstellungen in den Figfuren 13 und 14 ist der in der Zeichnung im Einzelnen nicht dargestellte Türkörper der Fahrzeugtüre durch einen aus einem oberen Längskraftträger 45 und einem unteren Seitenaufprallträger 46 sowie wenigstens einem vorderen 47 und einem hinteren Vertikalträger 48 bestehenden Rahmen ausgesteift, wobei an den Rahmen wenigstens ein Aggregateträger 49 für Türeinbauten, wie Fensterheber oder dergl., sowie mindestens ein dem hinteren Türende zugeordnetes Türschloß 50 und gegebenenfalls auch ein dem vorderen Türende zugeordnet es vorderes Türschloß 51 und schließlich die türseitigen Scharnierhälften 13 der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 angeschlossen sind. Das die türseitigen Scharnierhälften 13 der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles 4 aufweisende und tragende Beschlagteil 16 ist über die Höhe des Rahmens des Türkörpers hin reichend gestaltet und einerseits mit dem oberseitig angeordneten Längskraftträger 45 und andererseits mit dem Seitenaufprallträger 46 verbunden, insbesondere verschraubt, so daß es als weiterer Vertikalträger eine zusätzliche Aussteifung des Rahmens bildet. Der gleiche Versteifungseffekt ergibt sich hinsichtlich der Türsäule, falls die beiden türsäulenseitigen Scharnierhälften der der Anlenkung des X-förmigen Trägerteiles gleichfalls an einem durch ein gegebenenfalls durch Sicken versteiften Blechpressteil angeordnet sind.In the preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the door pillar-side fitting part 16, which has the corresponding hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4, is formed by a sheet metal pressed part stiffened by beads 44 and forms a reinforcement of the door frame in its assembled position , as can be seen from FIG. 14. According to the representations in FIGS. 13 and 14, the door body of the vehicle door, not shown in detail in the drawing, is by an upper longitudinal force carrier 45 and a lower side impact beam 46 and at least one front 47 and a rear vertical support 48 existing frame, wherein at least one unit support 49 for door installations, such as window lifters or the like, as well as at least one door lock 50 associated with the rear door end and possibly also on the frame assigned to the front door end, front door lock 51 and finally the door-side hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped carrier part 4 are connected. The fitting part 16 which has the door-side hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4 and is designed to extend over the height of the frame of the door body and, on the one hand, is connected, in particular screwed, to the longitudinal force support 45 arranged on the top and on the other hand to the side impact support 46 so that it forms an additional stiffening of the frame as a further vertical beam. The same stiffening effect results with regard to the door pillar if the two hinge halves on the door pillar side of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are likewise arranged on a sheet metal press part which may be stiffened by beads.

Claims (21)

  1. Door system comprising a door column, a device for hinging a door to the door column and a further device for securing the door in at least one position different from the closed position, characterised in that the device for hinging the door comprises a mainly X-shaped box-beam comprising two sheet metal half-shells with a bi-convex cross-section, the hinges on one side of the door and on the other side of the door column are connected to the free ends of the X-shaped beam, and the beam-side elements of the hinges are formed by hinge halves connected to the free ends of the beam.
  2. Door system according to claim 1, characterised in that the beam-side elements of the hinges connected to the free ends of the X-shaped beam are formed by two-eyed hinge halves.
  3. Door system according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the two-eyed hinge halves are formed by longitudinal sections of a continuous hinge profile.
  4. Door system according to claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the door and door column side hinge halves are each formed as a single-eye, and in that the hinge pins of all hinges are each mounted by means of bearing bushes made of a maintenance-free material with a running fit in the single-eye hinge half.
  5. Door system according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the door and/or door column side hinge halves are each formed and attached as single-lock fittings.
  6. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the door and/or door column-side hinge halves are each joined together to form a unitary fitting by means of a connecting strip.
  7. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that both door and/or door column-side hinge halves are formed as part of a one-piece fitting.
  8. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the door and/or door column-side fitting or connecting strip, comprising or bearing the respective hinge halves is attachable by means of bolts to the respective door assembly element, i.e. the door or door column, and is fumished with at least one open recess for receiving at least one aligning element disposed on the door assembly element.
  9. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterised in that a control rod is assigned to the X-shaped beam forming the door hinge, which control rod is hinged on one side to the door and on the other side to the door column to be pivotable about an axis parallel to the hinge axis of the beam, whereby the hinge axes of the control rod are disposed opposite the hinge axes of the X-shaped beam, both in the travelling direction and diagonal to the travelling direction.
  10. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the control rod is formed by two flat material sections joined together and adjustable in length, in particular by means of bolts, and at both ends is provided with a hinge eye lined with a maintenance-free bearing material by means of a bearing bush.
  11. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the control rod is mounted on the door and/or door column side by means of a hinge pin in a bearing block formed as a two-eye.
  12. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the bearing block disposed on the door and/or door column side for hinging the control rod is mounted on the hinge halves on the door and/or door column side of one of the hinges assigned to the X-shaped beam.
  13. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the bearing block disposed on the door and/or door column side for hinging the control rod and one of the door and/or door column side hinge halves for hinging the X-shaped beam are disposed on an angular fitting plate.
  14. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 16, characterised in that device for securing the door in at least one position other than the closed position is formed by a mechanical door lock.
  15. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14 , characterised in that the door lock comprises a C-shaped torsion-bar spring disposed on one arm of the X-shaped beam and supported by a support arm thereon and a locking segment disposed in a plane cutting the plane of movement of an loading arm of the torsion-bar spring, whereby the locking segment is formed by the door column side hinge half of the hinge assigned to the corresponding arm of the X-shaped beam or is formed in one piece therewith.
  16. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the torsion-bar spring of the door lock is held by its shaft in a sheet metal element mounted on the arm of the X-shaped beam and supported thereon by its support arm, and in that the lock segment cooperating with the torsion-bar spring is formed in one piece with an angular fitting bearing at the same time the door column-side hinge half and the hinge of the control rod.
  17. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the locking segment cooperating with the torsion-bar spring is faced with at least one locking roller and in relation to the loading arm of the torsion-bar spring is connected adjustably to the door column-side hinge half.
  18. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the adjustable connection of the locking segment cooperating with the torsion-bar spring to the door-column hinge half is formed by an off-centre section of a rivet bolt with a stepped shaft.
  19. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the door body comprises a frame consisting of an upper longitudinal force carrier and a lower side impact bearer and at least one front and one rear vertical carrier to which frame at least one assembly carrier for door insertions, such as window lifters or the like and at least one door lock assigned to the rear door end and, if necessary, also a front door lock assigned to the front door end and finally the door-side hinge halves of the hinge of the X-shaped beam are connected.
  20. Door system according to the preceding claims 1 to 19, characterised in that the fitting, comprising or bearing the door-side hinge halves of the hinge of the X-shaped beam, formed in particular by a sheet metal pressed part reinforced by creasing or profile strip, extends over the height of the frame of the door body is connected on one side to the longitudinal force carrier disposed on the upper side and on the other side to the side impact bearer and is bolted together.
  21. Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the door or door side hinges of the hinge of the X-shaped beam are designed as three-dimensional hinges, in particular as spherical hinges.
EP93117453A 1992-11-03 1993-10-28 Door system Expired - Lifetime EP0596403B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4237060 1992-11-03
DE4237060 1992-11-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0596403A1 EP0596403A1 (en) 1994-05-11
EP0596403B1 true EP0596403B1 (en) 1996-05-01

Family

ID=6471973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93117453A Expired - Lifetime EP0596403B1 (en) 1992-11-03 1993-10-28 Door system

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0596403B1 (en)
DE (3) DE4240289A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2086176T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4321797B4 (en) * 1993-06-30 2006-10-19 ED. SCHARWäCHTER GMBH Motor vehicle door steering with integrated door lock
DE19717250C1 (en) * 1997-04-24 1998-11-05 Scharwaechter Gmbh Co Kg Intermediate link in a hinge
DE19930328C1 (en) 1999-07-02 2000-10-26 Edscha Ag Door hinge for automobile passenger door has carrier arm provided in 2 parts respectively pivoted to door column and door and relatively adjustable for compensating misalignment of door and door opening
DE19930322C1 (en) 1999-07-02 2000-11-02 Edscha Ag Automobile door hinge has carrier arm and parallel control arm provided with pivot mountings allowing adjustment for compensating door misalignment
US9217269B2 (en) * 2014-05-02 2015-12-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Hinge assembly

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3534433A (en) * 1966-09-15 1970-10-20 Gen Motors Corp Antirattle closure hinge arrangement
US4495674A (en) * 1982-03-05 1985-01-29 Clark Equipment Company Concealed door hinge having a double pivotal mounting
US4665586A (en) * 1984-11-02 1987-05-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Side door hinge mechanism in motor vehicle
US4738003A (en) * 1985-05-17 1988-04-19 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Door opening/closing hinge device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0596403A1 (en) 1994-05-11
ES2086176T3 (en) 1996-06-16
DE4240289A1 (en) 1994-05-05
DE59302439D1 (en) 1996-06-05
DE9302381U1 (en) 1994-03-03

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