EP0522301B1 - Procédé de surveillance et de réglage du processus d'impression, en particulier dans les machines à imprimer en offset - Google Patents

Procédé de surveillance et de réglage du processus d'impression, en particulier dans les machines à imprimer en offset Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0522301B1
EP0522301B1 EP92109783A EP92109783A EP0522301B1 EP 0522301 B1 EP0522301 B1 EP 0522301B1 EP 92109783 A EP92109783 A EP 92109783A EP 92109783 A EP92109783 A EP 92109783A EP 0522301 B1 EP0522301 B1 EP 0522301B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing process
feature space
printed product
printing
quality
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92109783A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0522301A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Fuchs
Arno Wührl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manroland AG
Original Assignee
MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG
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Application filed by MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG filed Critical MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
    • B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
    • B41P2233/51—Marks on printed material for colour quality control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring and controlling the printing process, in particular on offset printing presses, in which features reflecting the quality of the printed product are recorded and, in conjunction with other variables influencing the printing process, the printing process is intervened in order to give the printed product a desired quality introduce.
  • a control loop for example a control loop for ink control, for dampening solution control, for register control, etc.
  • a control loop is declared the so-called main control loop, the other subcircuits then only serve to open up the other control variables setpoints once found to keep (DE 3 717 904 A1). The mutual dependency of the influencing variables is thus eliminated, so any quality disturbance that occurs on the printed product is always over tries to correct the main control loop.
  • the setpoints, according to which the control of the ink flow takes place, can be taken, for example, by measurement from a template, found out by trying it out, or can also be taken from instructions for standardizing the printing process (BVD-Fogra).
  • An example of a sub-control circuit for dampening solution guidance is shown in DE 3 636 507 A1.
  • the increase in tonal value in offset printing is a parameter that decisively determines the reproduction quality of the print. If the optical area coverage achieved in printing is significantly larger or significantly smaller in several tonal value levels, this interferes with the contrast range in the case of monochrome prints and the color rendering in the case of multicolor prints.
  • Certain strategies for regulating color guidance with a focus on area coverage have become known (DE 3 543 444 A1, DE 3 440 706 A1), but here too any change in the area coverage achieved in printing is attempted to be achieved by changing the color guidance.
  • optically effective area coverage is also able to increase (increasing halftone dots) such as a reduction in the dampening solution supply or an increase in the pressure provided between the plate and blanket cylinders. It would certainly be nonsensical to reduce the area coverage by throttling the ink supply if, for example, the color density of a full-tone measuring field is almost in the range of a predetermined target value. In this case, a dampening solution guide or a previously described cylinder pressure would have to be changed.
  • the type and quality of the printing substrate, the type of printing blanket, the properties of the printing ink, the type and quantities of so-called printing aids, the machine temperature and ultimately the subject also play a decisive role.
  • the influence of the dot gain in a printed product can be achieved particularly well by changing the cylinder pressure
  • the dot gain in another printed product can best be brought about by changing the dampening solution. So far, the decision as to what is the best corrective action has been left to the experienced printer. Based on his knowledge and the resulting ability to judge the present printing process, he selected the influencing variable by which he could most effectively limit the dot gain described.
  • DE-A 3 140 760 relates to a method for correcting deviations in inking and dampening on offset printing machines.
  • a specially designed pressure control strip with line grids and the like is provided, by means of which, however, only the disturbing factors which affect the guidance of moisture and color can be detected.
  • the fuzzy method known per se is used Classification, ie from the characteristics that reflect the quality status of an existing print product, is determined on the one hand by using an unsharp classifier which quality deviations are present. On the other hand, it is determined via which influencing variable this quality deviation can be remedied.
  • Condition monitoring using the unsharp classification is known, for example, from DD 251 534 A1.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that the controller, in conjunction with the unsharp classification, tries to remedy the fault via the most probable cause. In a way, this is comparable to human behavior, since even the experienced printer corrects a disturbance in the printing process about the cause that seems most likely to him.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 each of which shows part of a feature space.
  • a printed sheet is printed on a sheetfed offset printing machine and then subjected to a quality diagnosis using measurement technology.
  • a pressure control strip (its measuring fields) printed on the printed sheet is measured densitometrically (test sheet).
  • the print control strip contains measuring fields for the solid color density DV as well as grid fields for the halftone color density (80%) DR 80 and grid fields for the halftone color density (40%) DR 40, as well as quality diagnostic fields such as gray balance or possibly so-called sliding and duplicating fields .
  • An example of such a print control strip is the 6-color CCI print control strip from MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG.
  • a densitometric scanning of this print control strip thus yields the characteristics spot color density DV, screen tone color density (40%) DR 40, screen tone color density (80%) DR 80 for each color.
  • a feature space can thus be formed, the components of which are determined by the spot color density DV, the screen tone color density (40 %) DR 40, and the screen color density (80%) DR 80 are formed.
  • a densitometric measurement of the print control strip of the The present printed product thus yields a point for a color in this feature space in accordance with the measured values. If there are several printed colors, there are therefore several dots corresponding to the number of colors.
  • classes quality classes
  • a class K1 "going deep”
  • a class K2 "tonal value increase compared to standard too high”
  • a class K3 “tonal value increase compared to standard too low”
  • a class K4 "characteristic curve in the standard”.
  • a so-called membership N-tuple is assigned to each point in the feature space.
  • 4 classes according to the example above, 4 point values would have to be assigned to each point. These numerical values can be standardized so that they are between 0 and 1.
  • the membership N-tuple (for N classes) can also be referred to as a so-called membership vector, which should also be the case.
  • the numerical size of a component of the membership vector now indicates how "strongly" a point in the feature space belongs to a certain class.
  • the membership vector thus has four components, the first component shows the degree of belonging of one point to class K1, the second component the degree of membership of the point to class K2, etc.
  • the components of the membership vectors of the individual points In the feature space a large number of pressure tests are determined in a so-called learning phase through process engineering evaluation.
  • a numerical value in a component close to 0 stands for very low membership in the corresponding class and a numerical value close to 1 accordingly corresponds to a high membership for the respective class . If the points of the feature space are occupied in this way with membership vectors, it can now be determined after a densitometric scanning of the print control strip to which class the present print product belongs (optional phase).
  • FIG. 2 shows a plane of the feature space, which is formed by the coordinates solid color density DV, screen color density (40%) DR 40.
  • the lines of belonging 0.5 are again drawn in for the causes U1 to U3, where, for example, U1 means "wrong ink guide", U2 "wrong print delivery", U3 "wrong fountain solution guide”.
  • U1 means "wrong ink guide", U2 "wrong print delivery", U3 "wrong fountain solution guide”.
  • the components of the membership vector can also be normalized between 0 and 1 here.
  • the location of the feature point of this printed product in the feature space is then known. Due to the fact that the points in the feature space were assigned in a learning phase with membership vectors (assignment), the position of the point in the feature space determined by measurement means that the print product belongs to a certain class and the print product belongs to a specific cause, which is a quality problem has caused can be determined. This results from the maximum, ie the maximum value of a component of the respective membership vector. The following cases can occur, for example, if they belong to a class K1 to K4:
  • the membership in the class for example K3, is clear, since the membership vector in this feature point has a high value in the third component and a very small value in the other components, the membership vector supplies a broad maximum, ie it shows membership values of approximately the same size in two or more components, which means that the printed sheet or its quality cannot be clearly assigned to a class or cause. In the first case mentioned, ie the assignability to the class or cause is clear, the appropriate measure to remedy this defect can be initiated directly.
  • the characteristic of the printed product clearly indicates an assignment to the cause "wrong dampening solution”
  • a measurement of the dampening solution supply can take place, whereupon the dampening solution guidance is set to a new value, by means of which the quality defect (for example, penetration in the depths) is eliminated.
  • the quality defect for example, penetration in the depths
  • the affiliation to a class or cause is not clear, there are several options available. Sometimes it would be possible to display the equal opportunities and let the printer decide, it would also be possible to make a random choice about a cause and then correct the defect accordingly. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to additionally subclassify or subdivide into sub-causes when assigning the points of the feature space with membership vectors for the individual classes or causes.
  • the method according to the invention can thus be represented as follows in its application: Learning phase - the points of a feature space are assigned membership vectors, which indicate the membership to certain classes of print quality or causes of printing disorders, whereby printing tests evaluated in terms of process technology are evaluated and Optional phase - the metrological results, for example a densitometric measurement of the measuring field, result in a point in the feature space for the printed product, so that from the corresponding membership vectors (maximum component) the printed product (actual quality) is assigned to a defined class or cause of a printing disturbance (quality defect) ) he follows. The pressure disturbance is then remedied via the cause determined in this way.
  • the method according to the invention has been described with reference to a feature space, the axes of which were formed exclusively by measurement (densitometric) quantities.
  • the type of substrate has a great influence on the print quality that can be achieved. It is thus also possible in the learning phase to assign the corresponding membership vectors for different types of printing material, which result in the same properties in terms of printing technology, in the feature spaces (formed by measuring technology variables).
  • a feature space for highly absorbent types of printing material will have a different assignment of membership vectors for certain classes and causes than, for example, a feature space for coated papers or very smooth types of paper.
  • the type of printing material and the type of blanket are selected once before the start of the print job, so that in the optional phase of the method according to the invention, the corresponding feature space along with the associated assignment is also included Affiliation vectors is established and used.
  • a video-technical evaluation for example of specially designed quality diagnostic fields (sliding / duplicating fields) can also be used in the method according to the invention.
  • Measured values obtained in this way and prepared with the methods of image processing can form one or more axes of the feature space, in which case the membership vectors would then have to be assigned to the points of the feature space according to the defined classes or causes via pressure tests.
  • a complete recording of the printed product is also conceivable.
  • the classes to be determined by the experts can then be defined by specific contrast histograms in the RGB color space of the camera.
  • certain target values e.g. color density values
  • the method according to the invention is advantageously implemented in a computer system which is connected to a color density measuring system, a colorimetric or video-technical measuring system.
  • the causes in question can then be displayed via an assigned screen device, in particular in conjunction with a rule recommendation for eliminating the pressure disturbance.
  • the printing supply can then be changed automatically, the dampening solution guide corrected, or the actuators for the ink guide activated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Accessory Devices And Overall Control Thereof (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé pour surveiller et régler le processus d'impression, en particulier dans des machines d'impression offset, pour lequel on détecte sur le produit d'impression par mesure des caractéristiques transmettant la qualité du produit d'impression et on agit, en liaison avec d'autres grandeurs influençant le processus d'impression, sur le processus d'impression afin d'amener le produit d'impression à une qualité prescrite, à partir d'essais d'impression évalués techniquement des vecteurs d'appartenance à des classes déterminées fixées précédemment et/ou à des causes pour des difficultés d'impression ou des défauts de qualité étant associés aux points dans un espace caractéristique formé par les caractéristiques mesurées selon le type d'une classification peu précise, et lors de la surveillance du processus d'impression à partir des caractéristiques obtenues par les mesures sur le produit d'impression un point étant déterminé dans l'espace caractéristique, et par l'intermédiaire du vecteur d'appartenance de ce point dans l'espace caractéristique l'appartenance du produit d'impression à une classe déterminée ou une cause étant déterminée, l'appartenance à cette classe étant ensuite montrée et/ou on intervient sur le processus d'impression par l'intermédiaire de la cause ainsi détectée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, les coordonnées définissant l'espace caractéristique étant formées par la densité optique de teinte homogène (DV), ainsi que par au moins une valeur de teinte tramée déterminant une densité optique de teinte tramée (DR).
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, un espace caractéristique présentant une association correspondante des vecteurs d'appartenance étant à chaque fois associé à divers types de matériaux d'impression avec à chaque fois un comportement d'impression analogue.
EP92109783A 1991-07-10 1992-06-11 Procédé de surveillance et de réglage du processus d'impression, en particulier dans les machines à imprimer en offset Expired - Lifetime EP0522301B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4122794 1991-07-10
DE4122794A DE4122794A1 (de) 1991-07-10 1991-07-10 Verfahren zur ueberwachung und regelung des druckprozesses,insbesondere an offsetdruckmaschinen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0522301A1 EP0522301A1 (fr) 1993-01-13
EP0522301B1 true EP0522301B1 (fr) 1996-03-06

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ID=6435812

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92109783A Expired - Lifetime EP0522301B1 (fr) 1991-07-10 1992-06-11 Procédé de surveillance et de réglage du processus d'impression, en particulier dans les machines à imprimer en offset

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0522301B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05229106A (fr)
AT (1) ATE134931T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4122794A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4321179A1 (de) * 1993-06-25 1995-01-05 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Steuerung oder Regelung von Betriebsvorgängen einer drucktechnischen Maschine
DE4412601C2 (de) * 1994-04-13 2003-06-18 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Verfahren zum Steuern oder Regeln einer Einfärbung in einem Farbwerk einer Offsetdruckmaschine
DE19516354A1 (de) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-07 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Verfahren zur Bildinspektion und Farbführung an Druckprodukten einer Druckmaschine
DE10152466B4 (de) 2000-11-24 2015-12-17 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Feuchteregelung unter Berücksichtigung mehrerer den Druckprozess beeinflussender Größen
DE10208251A1 (de) 2001-03-26 2002-10-10 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Überwachung von Prozessen in einer bahnverarbeitenden Druckmaschine
DE102005018855B4 (de) * 2005-04-22 2010-01-28 Theta System Elektronik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Inspektion von Druckererzeugnissen
DE102009033905A1 (de) 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Farbwerks- und Feuchtwerksanalyse

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2728738B2 (de) * 1977-06-25 1979-05-10 Roland Offsetmaschinenfabrik Faber & Schleicher Ag, 6050 Offenbach Eulrichtung zur Kontrolle und Regelung der Farbgebung an Druckmaschinen
DD156239A1 (de) * 1981-01-07 1982-08-11 Eva Luebbe Verfahren zur korrektur von abweichungen der einfaerbung und feuchtung an offsetdruckmaschinen
DE3465930D1 (en) * 1983-11-04 1987-10-15 Gretag Ag Method and device for controlling the ink supply in an offset printing machine, and offset printing machine provided with such a device
JPH062406B2 (ja) * 1984-04-10 1994-01-12 凸版印刷株式会社 平台校正印刷機
DE3440706A1 (de) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-07 grapho metronic Meß- und Regeltechnik GmbH & Co, 8000 München Verfahren zur steuerung oder regelung der farbgebung von druckerzeugnissen
DE3543444A1 (de) * 1985-03-21 1986-10-30 Felix Corippo Brunner Verfahren und regelvorrichtung zur erzielung eines gleichfoermigen druckresultats an einer autotypisch arbeitenden mehrfarbendruckmaschine
EP0228347B2 (fr) * 1985-12-10 1996-11-13 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de commande de l'alimentation en encre pour une machine à imprimer, dispositif d'impression équipé de manière correspondante et dispositif de mesure pour un tel appareil d'impression
DD251534A1 (de) * 1986-07-31 1987-11-18 Adw Ddr Inst Mechanik Verfahren und vorrichtung zur zustandsueberwachung von insbesondere tragrollenwaelzlagerungen
DE3636507A1 (de) * 1986-10-27 1988-04-28 Grapho Metronic Gmbh & Co Verfahren zur einstellung des befeuchtungsgrades des plattenzylinders einer offsetdruckmaschine
DE3717904A1 (de) * 1987-05-27 1988-12-08 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Verfahren zur regelung des druckprozesses an offsetdruckmaschinen
DD274787A1 (de) * 1988-08-11 1990-01-03 Adw Ddr Kybernetik Inf Verfahren und anordnung zur bestimmung der flaechenbedeckung der primaerfarben in messsegmenten mehrfarbiger druckvorlagen einer offset-druckmaschine
DD274786A1 (de) * 1988-08-11 1990-01-03 Adw Ddr Kybernetik Inf Verfahren und anordnung zur ueberwachung der druckqualitaet mehrfarbiger rasterdruckvorlagen einer offset-druckmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05229106A (ja) 1993-09-07
DE59205546D1 (de) 1996-04-11
EP0522301A1 (fr) 1993-01-13
ATE134931T1 (de) 1996-03-15
DE4122794A1 (de) 1993-01-14

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