EP0505323B1 - Procédé pour le réglage des grandeurs des points de trame pour une presse rotative à imprimer offset - Google Patents

Procédé pour le réglage des grandeurs des points de trame pour une presse rotative à imprimer offset Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0505323B1
EP0505323B1 EP92810205A EP92810205A EP0505323B1 EP 0505323 B1 EP0505323 B1 EP 0505323B1 EP 92810205 A EP92810205 A EP 92810205A EP 92810205 A EP92810205 A EP 92810205A EP 0505323 B1 EP0505323 B1 EP 0505323B1
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Prior art keywords
printing
values
color
colour
deviations
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German (de)
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EP0505323B2 (fr
EP0505323A1 (fr
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Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Janser (Eth)
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Wifag Maschinenfabrik AG
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Wifag Maschinenfabrik AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting the screen dot sizes for an offset rotary printing press.
  • measurement and control elements that are independent of the original are used.
  • these measuring and control elements are put together in a set for each inking zone and over the printing width to form so-called control strips which are arranged outside the printed image in the "white" edge of the printing sheet .
  • These control strips are scanned either on-line, i.e. directly in the running printing press, or off-line on the printing material, i.e. print samples are checked outside the printing press so that appropriate adjustments can then be made.
  • EP-OS 0 136 542 is concerned with a method for determining the solid color density and the dot gain on two three-color halftone elements by means of densitometric measurements, calculation formulas and calibration curves. This process is very complex and can only be implemented in practice with extremely great effort.
  • a method for monitoring the print quality of multicolored printing originals of an offset printing press emerges, in which color separation images of the image segment to be checked are generated in the spectral ranges red, green and blue with the aid of a camera with color-selective sensor fields, and these are generated are processed in an image processing system by means of image analysis methods in such a way that the color layer thickness of the color screen dots of the individual primary colors can be determined by means of a gray value measurement.
  • This method is based on the desired mean color dot density in the measuring segment, but does not take into account the tolerances permitted on the basis of the perception of the human eye.
  • DE-OS 28 29 341 deals with data acquisition for color control systems, a hand-held densitometer being connected to a color control system. To simplify operation, user guidance is provided by a display device coupled to the densitometer.
  • the hand densitometer can be used to measure on a print sheet in freely selectable image zones that are adapted to the subject; since the measuring points can be located in the image area, the color control strips mentioned above are unnecessary. However, it is not described how these image zones and their associated target values are determined.
  • US Pat. No. 4,468,692 discloses a method for varying the colors of an image, in which density signals for the colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black, which are taken from an original, are added to the color display. Color signals for cyan, magenta and yellow are converted into color separation density signals for red, green and blue using table memories; then the converted color separation density signals are added individually.
  • Correction values for printing the colors which are obtained from a second table memory as a function of the color signals, are then added to the added color separation density signals.
  • a correction value for the black print on the other colors, which is read out from a third table memory, can be added to the signals thus obtained.
  • DE-OS 33 19 941 shows a method for displaying a color image simulating a multicolor print on a screen, in which data, which are determined for producing a color print, are called up from a storage device and added selectively for all print colors, specifically for production a density signal which, after processing, controls a color picture tube to display the color picture emulating the multicolor print.
  • US Pat. No. 4,414,636 shows a color control simulator in which a variation of the different color signals can be carried out with the aid of table memories.
  • Japanese Patent Application 1-131568 published in Patents Abstract of Japan P-922 August 22, 1989, Vol. 13 / No. 377 shows a print simulator in which signals for the yellow, magenta and black color are digitally processed and stored.
  • the output signals of the memories are switched in such a way that the read signals are each shown half in horizontal and vertical lines. For this reason, for example, two images from two memories can be displayed simultaneously and compared with one another on the screen of the color monitor.
  • DE-OS 35 43 444 describes a method in which halftone dot sizes, possibly also solid densities, are repeatedly determined on measuring fields which are also printed within the color zones and, when the tolerance ranges assigned to them fall out, corrective intervention in the printing process is carried out by actuating actuators.
  • Each print job is classified into an image contrast class using a catalog of typical test images and color charts. The tolerance to be observed can then be determined based on the classification in this class.
  • the corresponding target values relate to the control elements for full and grid densities that are standardized regardless of the image.
  • this method has the following disadvantages: a test image must first be searched for and found for each print template; if it turns out on the basis of this test pattern that the tolerance range for the intended printing process is too narrow, it becomes difficult to estimate how the print template reacts when the printing process-related tolerances are "stretched", ie when the limit values of the tolerance range are reached; also taken into account this process does not change the different colored structures of the color separations; and finally it becomes very time-consuming when the artwork has to be classified in terms of different image zone sensitivities.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for adjusting the screen dot sizes for an offset rotary printing press, in which the disadvantages mentioned above do not occur.
  • a method is to be proposed which avoids systematic deviations in the color rendering.
  • this object is achieved in a method for setting the screen dot sizes for an offset rotary printing press by the features of claim 1.
  • This aspect of the solution is based on the following considerations: When presetting and controlling the ink / water balance of an offset rotary printing press, systematic deviations from the actual values of the quality-determining operating parameters can occur.
  • the screen dot size which makes a decisive contribution to the mapping, has proven to be a particularly important parameter.
  • the printing form is produced in accordance with the usual methods, taking these standards into account, which then results in deviations in the so-called "printing characteristics" for the current printing.
  • printing characteristics consist of the differences between the process pressure characteristic mean according to the standard and the current print characteristic per inking unit, i.e. statements about the actual printing and the systematic deviations from the standard values that occur, in particular with the tonal value increases.
  • the second aspect of the invention is reflected in claim 2.
  • the image to be analyzed for example a newspaper page
  • the image to be analyzed can be checked for its sensitivity to deviations by using the halftone dot sizes of the color separation representations can be varied within specified tolerances.
  • This mapping is expediently carried out in a manner analogous to that on the offset rotary printing press, namely analogously to the ink zones and, in the alternative, with corresponding input keyboards.
  • this process can be carried out purely manually and basically without coupling to the offset rotary printing press, in particular if the press already has optimal setting values for the start of production, for example due to the first aspect of the solution.
  • the color simulation computer would only serve as a "behavior trainer" for the printer, to give it a feeling of how it should behave in the event of random deviations.
  • both the target template and the test image for the deviations should be displayed on the screen, since a comparison between images on paper and on the screen cannot be made with sufficient accuracy and, moreover, lighting technology cannot be carried out properly.
  • correction measures developed in this expansion stage can advantageously be stored with control strategies that operate according to fuzzy logic, such as "fuzzy logic”, and used for automatic control of the offset rotary printing press; this results in a significant relief for the printer during the ongoing work on the offset rotary printing press, even with the highest quality standards.
  • fuzzy logic such as "fuzzy logic”
  • the printer receives a timely warning during production data acquisition and evaluation via tolerance monitoring when the automatically supported control has reached the limits of its possibilities.
  • the conversion software of the main simulation computer is used to specify the target values for the screen dot sizes, and possibly also for the full-tone density, which alternately changes the subtractive process colors cyan-blue, magenta-red and yellow into the additive process colors violet blue, orange can implement red and green;
  • the print template can be displayed on a high-resolution screen relatively precisely in the sense of a visual target specification; the image information required for this about the color separations of the three subtractive process colors and black can be obtained from the corresponding film or printing plates with the aid of a scanner or through the direct transmission of the image information from a color separation computer.
  • Another problem can be pressure disorders, which undesirably change the area coverage of the raster image.
  • the associated changes in the screen dot sizes can in principle have two different causes, namely irregularities in the ink flow behavior, which can be influenced to a certain extent by the ink guide actuators of the offset rotary printing press, and so-called "development errors", which affect the print image due to errors in the run-up between paper and affect the impression cylinder.
  • the conventional control measuring strips have special analysis elements that record the so-called pushing and / or doubling of the grid points.
  • an electronic planimeter can be used, which detects the halftone dots individually and defines them with the help of an image data processing system according to size and shape.
  • the mechanical screen dot sizes can be specified directly on the electronic planimeter on the basis of the printing characteristics, while for the screen dot shape it may be necessary to use a library with screen-process-dependent patterns.
  • a color printer e.g. B. working according to the electrophotographic process.
  • Another alternative is the arithmetic specification of these values.
  • the basic setting of this color printer as well as that of the screen can be made parallel to the basic setting of the offset rotary printing press using suitable test forms.
  • the image control zone priority series which is formed when the target values are specified, is used.
  • the measures to reduce the discrepancies between target and actual values are based on the priorities for action that are specified when the target values are specified.
  • a color separation computer 1 generally provided in the reproduction department breaks down the originals / originals into the color separations for the four process colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black, which are then to be transferred to the printing forms for the four process colors. The entire page to be printed is then designed with this information and the corresponding text in the page break.
  • the color separation computer 1 is understood here synonymously with the color separation and page break system.
  • the page to be printed with the four color separations is fed from the color separation computer 1 via a data line 11 to a color simulation computer 9, which receives further input signals from a color simulation tablet 21, via a data line 16 from a densitometer or spectrophotometer 14, via a data line 19 from an electronic planimeter 18, via a data line 17 from an on-line measuring densitometer or spectrophotometer or / and electronic planimeter 15, via a data line 22 from an AVOR (work preparation) computer 4, and via a data line 10 from a film or plate scanner 2 receives.
  • a color simulation computer 9 receives further input signals from a color simulation tablet 21, via a data line 16 from a densitometer or spectrophotometer 14, via a data line 19 from an electronic planimeter 18, via a data line 17 from an on-line measuring densitometer or spectrophotometer or / and electronic planimeter 15, via a data line 22 from an AVOR (work preparation) computer 4, and via a data line 10 from
  • the color simulation computer 9 is connected to the printing form production 31 via a data line 30.
  • the output signals of the color simulation computer 9 via a data line 20 to a control station 6 of the rotary printing press 8 and fed via a data line 12 to a monitor 13, which is usually located in the vicinity of the control center 6.
  • the film or plate scanner 2 is connected via a data line 3 to the AVOR (work preparation) computer 4, which supplies the control center 6 with 5 additional input signals via a data line.
  • AVOR work preparation
  • the control station 6 which serves as a rotation control, controls the actuators to be acted upon (not shown) in the individual printing units 8 of the offset rotary printing press via a data line 7.
  • the corresponding ink volume must now be determined from the ink layer thickness and the area coverage of all halftone dots and solid areas within a inking zone.
  • the principle of so-called normal coloring is used.
  • the contrast function is then maximized for a specific inking unit, a specific color formulation (color batch) and a specific paper.
  • This contrast function is defined as the percentage difference in density of the full tone and screen tone related to the corresponding full tone with 3/4 film surface coverage.
  • the maximum of contrast limits the color or solid density upwards for given materials and printing conditions to the extent that the screen dots, especially in three-quarter tone, tend to go up with an additional color layer thickness and thus reduce the proportion of paper white.
  • the solid density is basically defined for given materials, so that the printing process can theoretically only be controlled on the basis of the detection / monitoring of area coverage and dot size.
  • the relationship between full-tone density and screen dot size is not constant, so that screen-dot size and full-tone density must be monitored during the printing process; however, the full-tone density is of less relevance than the dot size.
  • the ink metering in the sense of normal inking is adjusted on the basis of the printing template using several ink screws in corresponding ink zones and in accordance with the ink requirement of the artwork over the printing width.
  • the corresponding dampening must then be adjusted on the dampening unit assigned to the inking unit.
  • actuators For setting and regulating the inking on the gap inking unit, actuators must be actuated on both the inking unit and the dampening unit, depending on the print template.
  • the originals / originals in the reproduction department are broken down into the color separations for the four process colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
  • different principles for the color structure can be used, such as "achromatic” or "under-color reduction".
  • the entire page to be printed is designed with text and images during the so-called page break.
  • this can be done completely computer-supported, so that the information relevant to printing technology of the pages to be printed is available in digital form and can be passed on via the data line 11.
  • the computer 1 is here schematically representative of the color separation computer and electronic typesetting system.
  • the pages with the four-color separations prepared for printing are then converted into the printing forms (at 31).
  • this can be done, for example, with the aid of raster films or, according to a more recent development, by direct laser exposure of a light-sensitive plate layer with the raster image information stored in digital form.
  • This raster image information is precisely defined in the reproduction department with regard to screen fineness (lines / cm), screen angulation, screen dot shape and screen dot size.
  • the reproduction department must also pre-compensate for the dot gain typical for an offset printing process. To do this, it requires the corresponding tolerances from the press room (e.g. optical halftone dot enlargement in the midtone 30 +/- 3%)
  • the color simulation computer 9 receives the current actual values in the form of printing characteristics from the offset printing press. Systematic errors can be derived from these pressure characteristics, which can be taken into account in the color simulation computer 9 when checking the average target values of the screen dot sizes.
  • the production of the printing form in the device 31 thus takes place with mean setpoints for the screen dot sizes that the Consider deviations of the updated printing characteristics per inking unit of the offset rotary printing press.
  • the color simulation computer 9 is equipped with conversion software which can convert the subtractive process colors cyan-blue, magenta-red and yellow alternately into the additive process colors violet-blue, orange-red and green; As a result, the print template is reproduced on the high-resolution screen of the color simulation computer 9 in the sense of a visual target specification.
  • the image information required for this conversion from the color separations of the three subtractive process colors and black can be entered into the color simulation computer 9 using the scanner 2 from the corresponding films or printing plates.
  • Another possibility consists in the direct transmission of the corresponding image information from the color separation computer 1.
  • the second solution has the advantage that a quality control of the plate copy by comparing the information on the data lines 10 from the scanner 2 and 11 from the color separation computer 1 is possible. In particular, this enables the exact functioning of the plate exposure to be checked.
  • At least one densitometer or spectrophotometer is provided, namely either as an off-line system 14 or as an on -Line system 15; the corresponding signals are fed to the color simulation computer 9 via the data line 16 or 17 as actual values for quality control.
  • the on-line devices 15 scanning the printed paper on the rotary printing press work much faster and fully automate the quality control loop, but have the disadvantage that they require at least one measuring head and one uniaxial positioning device for each web page to be monitored; in machines for multi-line production, the on-line devices 15 are therefore very complex.
  • off-line devices 14 which in the simplest version consist of a measuring table and a manually operated measuring device (densitometer or spectrophotometer); a direct measurement point location display with the help of, for example, a light point is highly recommended.
  • a much more convenient solution for recording the actual value for quality control is to mount the measuring head, which works densimetrically or spectrophotometrically, on an automatically controlled cross slide.
  • the measurement point coordinates required per image are specified directly by the software of the color simulation computer 9.
  • a further recording device for the actual values of the quality control should be used, namely an electronic planimeter 18;
  • This device can scan the halftone dots of the individual process colors in the finished print and describe their size and shape using appropriate optics.
  • the corresponding information is also fed to the color simulation computer 9 for the target / actual comparison.
  • a particularly noteworthy option that arises with this device is monitoring and, if necessary the correction of the so-called color register or color register. This means the positional accuracy of the color separations printed on top of each other and on the print sheet.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the devices 14 and 18 also consists in a combination of the corresponding measuring heads on only one cross slide unit.
  • the digital wedge consists of precisely defined control elements, in particular for the screen dot size and solid density, and can be stored in digital form in a computer system. With film or direct plate exposure, this digital wedge is then also transferred to the printing form. Its elements can be part of the image or can be applied outside the actual print image on the white edge of the image. In the procedure described here can this digital wedge with regard to the composition, design and arrangement of its control elements is optimally adapted to the print template on the one hand and to the ink metering technology on the other hand and transmitted from the color simulation computer 9 to the film or platesetter 31.
  • a particular problem with quality management is the collective production of double-cut machines.
  • two different printing forms lie one behind the other on the same cylinder, so that the same ink guide actuators act in their respective zones on printing forms of originals with different requirements.
  • This problem can be effectively countered by examining both templates on the monitor of the color simulation computer 9 for their tolerance sensitivity at the same time and determining optimal target values and control elements accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de réglage des grandeurs de points de trame pour une presse rotative à imprimer offset, présentant les propriétés ci-après :
    a) les caractéristiques d'impression actuelles de la presse rotative à imprimer offset, par groupe d'impression, avec des matériaux donnés, sont appréhendées pour un contraste d'impression maximal;
    b) des valeurs de consigne standard, prédéterminées, concernant les grandeurs de points de trame de la forme d'impression sont comparées aux valeurs correspondantes des lignes caractéristiques appréhendées; et
    c) lors de la fabrication de la forme d'impression, en cas d'écart entre les valeurs de consigne standard et les valeurs correspondantes des lignes caractéristiques appréhendées, au lieu d'utiliser les valeurs de consigne standard pour les grandeurs de points de trame de la forme de d'impression, on utilise des valeurs de consigne compensées de manière correspondant à ces écarts, si bien que l'on évite la manifestation d'écarts systématiques dans la restitution requise des couleurs.
  2. Procédé de réglage des grandeurs de points de trame pour une presse rotative à imprimer offset, présentant les propriétés ci-après :
    a) les caractéristiques d'impression actuelles de la machine à imprimer offset, par groupe d'impression, avec des matériaux donnés, sont appréhendées pour un contraste d'impression maximal et l'on détermine à partir de cela des courbes d'étalonnage;
    b) des valeurs de consigne de sélection polychrome pour les grandeurs de points de trame des différentes sélections polychromes d'un modèle d'impression sont fixées, et
    c) on effectue un calcul de conversion, par l'intermédiaire des courbes d'étalonnage, pour donner des valeurs de consigne de réglage destinées au groupe d'impression de la presse rotative à imprimer offset;
    d) la presse rotative à imprimer rotative offset est réglée selon les valeurs de consigne de réglage;
    e) les valeurs de réglage effectives résultantes obtenues au stade de la production sont comparées aux valeurs de consigne de réglage, et
    f) en cas d'écart entre les valeurs de réglage effectives et les valeurs de consigne de réglage, on adapte la courbe d'étalonnage de manière que l'on puisse éviter les écarts systématiques et les écarts éventuels dans l'impression.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les caractéristiques actuelles sont appréhendées à plusieurs reprises et des valeurs moyennes correspondantes sont constituées à partir des résultats obtenus.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les écarts entre les valeurs de réglage effectives des groupes d'impression, en cas d'impression continue, sont comparés ensemble en partant des valeurs de consigne de réglage, sont mémorisés, évalués périodiquement et utilisés pour effectuer l'adaptation de la courbe d'étalonnage.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé,
    - en ce que les sélections chromatiques du modèle d'impression sont représentées sur un écran d'un ordinateur de simulation chromatique (9),
    - en ce que les grandeurs de trame des sélections chromatiques sont modifiées sur l'écran en effectuant une modification à dessein des grandeurs, et
    - en ce que, sur la base de ces variations, on fixe les valeurs de consigne de sélection chromatique pour les grandeurs de points de trame des différentes sélections chromatiques du modèle d'impression.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les sélections chromatiques sont déterminées sur un ordinateur de sélection chromatique (1) et sont transmises à l'ordinateur de simulation chromatique (9).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les informations image de la représentation des sélections chromatiques sont déterminées au moyen d'un scanneur (2) pour film ou forme d'impression et sont fournies à l'ordinateur de simulation chromatique (9).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que, pour déterminer la caractéristique d'impression actuelle, dans le cas d'un contraste d'impression maximal, on effectue une mesure sur des feuilles imprimées au moyen d'un densitomètre et d'un spectrophotomètre (14, 15) et l'on fournit les valeurs de mesure à l'ordinateur de simulation chromatique (9).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la forme et la grandeur des points de trame, obtenus sur une feuille imprimée, sont appréhendées au moyen d'un planimètre électronique (18) et sont fournies à l'ordinateur de simulation chromatique (9).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que, pour assurer la régulation des valeurs de consigne de réglage, on règle le positionnement, par une vis, du réglage chromatique et/ou le réglage du groupe d'humidification sur la presse à imprimer rotative offset.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs de consigne de réglage sont régulées automatiquement à l'aide de stratégies de régulation travaillant en logique non précise, telle qu'en logique floue.
EP92810205A 1991-03-21 1992-03-20 Procédé pour le réglage des grandeurs des points de trame pour une presse rotative à imprimer offset Expired - Lifetime EP0505323B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4109307 1991-03-21
DE4109307 1991-03-21
DE4209165 1992-03-20
DE4209165A DE4209165A1 (de) 1991-03-21 1992-03-20 Verfahren zur einstellung der rasterpunktgroessen fuer eine offset-rotationsdruckmaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0505323A1 EP0505323A1 (fr) 1992-09-23
EP0505323B1 true EP0505323B1 (fr) 1997-08-13
EP0505323B2 EP0505323B2 (fr) 2001-11-07

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Country Link
US (1) US5602970A (fr)
EP (1) EP0505323B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4209165A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI103395B (fr)

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DE10218068B4 (de) * 2001-05-23 2017-07-27 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Verfahren zum Erstellen von Farbkalibrierungskennlinien
DE10213708A1 (de) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-23 Roland Man Druckmasch Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Druckform auf einem zylindrischen Druckformträger in einer Rotationsdruckmaschine
JP4555212B2 (ja) * 2005-11-10 2010-09-29 株式会社沖データ 透かし情報埋め込み装置，透かし情報埋め込み方法，およびコンピュータプログラム
DE102007014474B4 (de) 2007-03-22 2022-12-29 Byk-Gardner Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Oberflächeneigenschaften
DE102013101923B4 (de) * 2013-02-27 2018-02-08 Océ Printing Systems GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und System zum Bearbeiten von farbigen Druckbildern für den Digitaldruck
CN106576131A (zh) 2014-04-02 2017-04-19 艾尔代知识产权有限责任公司 颜色管理

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FI921202A (fi) 1992-09-22
DE59208787D1 (de) 1997-09-18
US5602970A (en) 1997-02-11
FI103395B1 (fi) 1999-06-30
FI103395B (fi) 1999-06-30
DE4209165A1 (de) 1992-09-24
EP0505323B2 (fr) 2001-11-07
EP0505323A1 (fr) 1992-09-23
FI921202A0 (fi) 1992-03-20

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