EP0406783A2 - Procédé de fabrication d'objets creux à partir de fibres lignocellulosiques - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'objets creux à partir de fibres lignocellulosiques Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0406783A2
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: mold; water; molded part; suspension; binder
Prior art date: 1989-07-07
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP90112631A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP0406783B1 (fr

EP0406783A3 (en

Inventor

Eckhard Dipl.-Volkswirt Jagdt

Paul Dipl.-Ing. Buchholzer

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV

Original Assignee

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1989-07-07

Filing date

1990-07-03

Publication date

1991-01-09

1989-07-07 Priority claimed from DE19893922382 external-priority patent/DE3922382A1/de

1990-07-03 Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV

1991-01-09 Publication of EP0406783A2 publication Critical patent/EP0406783A2/fr

1991-09-04 Publication of EP0406783A3 publication Critical patent/EP0406783A3/de

1995-05-24 Application granted granted Critical

1995-05-24 Publication of EP0406783B1 publication Critical patent/EP0406783B1/fr

2010-07-03 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds

Definitions

the invention relates to a method for producing molded parts with a spatial shape from lignocellulose-containing fibers according to the preamble of the main claim.
molded parts with a spatial shape from lignocellulose-containing chips and fibers is preferably carried out by the pressing process, i.e. the spreading process is followed by the pressing process.
the strength of the molded parts produced in this way is also sufficient for larger dimensions.
These are mostly synthetic resin-bonded molded parts with a resin content of 4 to 20%. These molded parts are expensive. Environmentally harmful substances are emitted when such molded parts are burned. Both are disadvantageous.
a casting process is known according to which molded parts are produced from fibers containing lignocellulose (porous fiberboard) without subsequent pressing.
the fiber suspension is placed in a casting box and the excess water is then expelled using vacuum or gravity.
These panels have a strength which, due to the low material density, is not sufficient for a wide range of applications. If spatial molded parts of larger dimensions are made from it, in which heavy objects may also have to be transported, the strengths are not sufficient. If you want to achieve higher strengths, the walls and the bottom of such molded parts must have a disproportionately large wall thickness. This is disadvantageous, the applicability or usability of such molded parts is thereby limited.
the coffin industry relies on solid wood coffins to deliver, since the use of legends from lignocellulose-containing shavings and fibers has so far failed for the reasons mentioned above (no emissions, high costs, insufficient strength).
a further production process for molded parts made of lignocellulose-containing fibers is known (VDI-Nachschreib (No. 32 / August 12, 1988).
An aqueous slurry of lignocellulose-containing material is then poured into a casting mold and the water is then suctioned off with a vacuum.
the raw mass dries into With this procedure it is important that the resulting pressure drop acts evenly over the entire cross-section of the mold. If this is not done, a molded part with an uneven thickness and material density distribution is created. To avoid this, nonwovens / fibreboards are used in the production This possibility does not exist in the production of molded parts.
molded parts made of cast fiber according to the known method have inaccurate dimensions and uneven density distribution. This is disadvantageous.
the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing molded parts with spatial shaping from lignocellulose-containing fibers, according to which the molded part is easy to produce and has controllable strengths even with complicated profiling while maintaining uniform density distribution and dimensions.
the molded part By producing the molded part by the process according to the invention in such a way that the water-binder fiber suspension is introduced into a mold under pressure, it is achieved that a molded part with a uniform density distribution is produced both in the bottom section and in the walls. Even with molded parts with a complicated profile, a uniform density distribution can be achieved in the entire molded part.
a variable part with the desired strength is produced by the variable setting of the pressure and the underpressure required for suctioning off the excess water.
the application of pressure means that the thickness of the floor and walls can be controlled.
the molded parts produced by casting with pressure application have no points that are not sufficiently compressed and thereby lower the strength of the molded part.
the fiber content of the suspension can be increased so that the volume of the material to be introduced is significantly smaller than in the manufacturing process without pressure. Due to the application of pressure, the entire manufacturing process takes considerably less time than comparable processes without using pressure. In this way, the economy of the manufacturing process can be significantly increased.
smaller mold dimensions are required when the suspension is introduced under pressure than during the manufacturing process without applying pressure.
the bottom section of the molded part can be produced separately from the walls. This is particularly advantageous if e.g. the floor should have different strengths or material density than the walls. Furthermore, this method of producing the molded part in two steps is particularly advantageous when it concerns molded parts with a large floor area.
the procedure can be such that the suspension introduced into the mold is additionally mechanically compressed.
One way of carrying out the compression process is to lower a compression stamp into the mold.
the additional mechanical compression is always chosen when the molded parts to be manufactured are subject to particularly high demands in terms of strength and density.
the density of the moldings according to the invention is preferably 150 kg / m3 to 350 kg / m3.
the corresponding bending strength values are between 1.2 N / mm2. It can be determined by the fiber mass to be dosed and the choice of pressure and vacuum to be used. This predetermined material density can be adhered to exactly by the method according to the invention.
a manufacturing process for molded parts with spatial shaping from lignocellulosic fibers is specified, in which the suspension introduced into a mold is compressed twice.
the A individual compression processes are independent of each other; the first compression process serves to compress the bottom section of the molded part, the second compression process serves to compress the walls of the molded part to be produced.
the density of the walls and the bottom section can be the same or different.
the strengths of these two parts of the molded part can be the same or different. This can be easily achieved by using the two-stage compression process.
the mechanical compression takes place by means of stamps which can be lowered into the mold.
the first punch which can be lowered into the mold and which serves to compress the bottom section is selected such that it also serves as a rough shape for the walls.
the variation of the thickness dimensions of the bottom section and the walls can be realized either by appropriate travel paths of the punches or by using different punches.
the former alternative is particularly inexpensive and simple in terms of device.
the water is expelled by gravity or vacuum.
the part is preferably dried at 180 ° C. In the case of parts with an average wall thickness of approximately 2 cm, the drying time is approximately one and a half to two hours. If the molded part remains in the outer or inner mold during the drying process, the convex wall deformations that occur due to the tensile stresses during drying in the direction of the molded part center are prevented.
the economy of the process according to the invention is significantly increased in that the water-binder suspension is used in the recycling process.
the fiber suspension used to manufacture the molded parts can consist of 100% defibrator wood pulp with vegetable binders. It is advantageous if the binding and adhesive agent forms a neutral colloidal solution with water, at the same time fulfilling the function of a suspending agent.
the molded parts produced by the process according to the invention have the advantages already described, such as uniform density distribution in the entire molded part, uniform strength in the entire molded part or uniform density and strength distribution only in the bottom section or only in the walls, ie a targeted reinforcement of a part of the molded part possible.
the molded part has additional stiffeners, the insertion of bottom or side reinforcements in the manufacturing process is not problematic.
the methods according to the invention are not limited to the production of molded parts of smaller dimensions. Molded parts can be produced that have a complicated profile and have a size of a few meters. This is possible because, due to the application of pressure or compression during the manufacturing process, the strength of the molded part is much higher than when manufacturing without pressure and without compression. In addition, the strength of the molded part can be adjusted according to the requirements by varying the pressure and the negative pressure
the processing of the finished molded part is possible as with solid wood.
the methods according to the invention can preferably be used for the production of molded parts for the coffin industry. These processes are also suitable for the production of molded parts for the packaging industry, gardening supplies or insulation purposes.
the shape can consist of two parts, an inner and an outer shape.
This advantageous embodiment is particularly useful when the wall thickness or the base thickness of the molded part is to be varied while maintaining the external dimensions. This can be set according to the proposed solution of claim 13 via the distance between the two forms.
the outer shape advantageously has perforations on the bottom and on the sides. These allow a simple drainage process due to negative pressure or gravity.
a device which has a stamp which can be lowered from above into an outer shape perforated on the side and / or bottom. At the same time, this stamp has the function of limiting the filling space for the suspension.
a device which has an outer shape provided with bottom and side perforations and has a pouring plunger that can be lowered from above.
the casting ram compresses the bottom section and, in cooperation with the outer shape, represents a raw contour for the walls of the molded part.
a further ram that can be lowered into the outer shape is provided to compress the walls.
the device for performing the method has a casting box 1, consisting of a lower part 1 'and upper part 1 ⁇ , an outer shape 2 provided with lateral and bottom perforations and a compression ram 3.
feed channels 4 are provided for entering the suspension.
the following process sequence results:
the suspension 5 is introduced through the channels 4 into the outer mold 2 under pressure. If the filling space 5 ', which is limited by the walls of the outer shape 2 and the inner walls of the stamp 3, filled with suspension, the stamp 3 is lowered, the suspension supply is interrupted. At the same time, the excess water is expelled from the suspension 5 by means of negative pressure, which is facilitated by the perforations made in the outer mold 2.
the molded part 6 thus produced is then dried at an elevated temperature and heat treated.
the device has the following components: a mixer 7, a metering pump 8, an outer mold 10, which is attached in a casting box 9 and is perforated on the bottom and sides, a separator 11, a vacuum reservoir 12, a vacuum pump 13, a casting ram 14, a ram 15, a separate, perforated inner mold 16 and a drying cabinet 17.
the procedure is as follows: A suspension in the mixer 7 is produced from the constituents water (A), fibers (B) and binder (C) with the addition of the expelled water with binder constituents (D). The suspension is poured into the perforated outer mold 10, which is inserted between the upper and lower part of the casting box 9.
the casting process is interrupted and the sedimentation of the fibers waited until no more water flows from the separator 11.
the casting die 14 is placed centrally in the outer mold 10, the cast fiber flow being compressed by its own weight and / or mechanical pressure.
the molding base 18 is produced by this process.
Molded walls 19 are then produced by pouring the suspension into the space between the outer contour of the die 14 and the inner contour of the outer mold 10 up to the height where the die 14 has the greatest width.
the sedimentation of the fibers is waited until no more water flows out of the separator 11.
the casting die 5 is now removed from the mold and the press die 15 is retracted. Only the walls 19 of the molded part are compressed by the mechanical pressure.

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Paper (AREA)
Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

EP90112631A 1989-07-07 1990-07-03 Procédé de fabrication d'objets creux à partir de fibres lignocellulosiques Expired - Lifetime EP0406783B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE3922382		1989-07-07
DE19893922382 DE3922382A1 (de)	1989-07-07	1989-07-07	Formteil mit raeumlicher formgebung aus lignocellulosehaltigen fasern sowie verfahren und einrichtung zu seiner herstellung
DE8910860U DE8910860U1 (de)	1989-07-07	1989-09-12	Sarg für Erd- oder Feuerbestattung
DE8910860U		1989-09-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0406783A2 true EP0406783A2 (fr)	1991-01-09
EP0406783A3 EP0406783A3 (en)	1991-09-04
EP0406783B1 EP0406783B1 (fr)	1995-05-24

Family

ID=25882763

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP90112631A Expired - Lifetime EP0406783B1 (fr)	1989-07-07	1990-07-03	Procédé de fabrication d'objets creux à partir de fibres lignocellulosiques

Country Status (3)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0406783B1 (fr)
AT (1)	ATE123094T1 (fr)
DE (2)	DE8910860U1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP0466653A1 (fr) *	1990-07-11	1992-01-15	Alois Koch	Procédé de fabrication de cerceuil en matériau de pulpe formé
FR2711998A1 (fr) *	1993-11-04	1995-05-12	Chanard Alain	Procédé de recyclage de vieux papiers dans un but écologique et économique d'isolant.
NL1001959C2 (nl) *	1995-12-21	1997-06-24	Univ Delft Tech	Werkwijze voor het verwerken van bollen.
WO1999022069A1 (fr) *	1997-10-25	1999-05-06	Px Technologies Ltd.	Procede et appareil de formage d'articles a partir de pate a papier
US6210531B1 (en)	1998-10-26	2001-04-03	Px Technologies, Ltd.	Forming machines
EP1548189A1 (fr) *	2003-12-05	2005-06-29	Sonoco Development, Inc.	Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de plaques fibreuses tridimensionnelles

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE4330151A1 (de) *	1993-09-07	1995-03-09	Markus Brink	Sarg für Feuer- und Erdbestattungen aus Holzschliffaser - ein aus 100% Recycling-Papier zurückgewonnenes Material- oder artverwandten Materialien (Zellstoffe)inkl. materialbedingter Tragetechnik
DE19508434A1 (de) *	1995-03-09	1996-09-12	Duerener Sargfabrik Jacobs Kli	Unter Verwendung von Naturfasern hergestellter Sarg und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
MY137949A (en) *	2003-08-01	2009-04-30	Soon Seng Palm Products Sdn Bhd Now Known As Agro Bio Fibre Sdn Bhd	Device and manufacturing process for forming articles from plant fibre

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB261529A (en) *	1925-10-19	1926-11-25	Richard Ellis Hall	Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of reinforced hollow ware articles or containers made from fibrous material
US1623731A (en) *	1926-04-02	1927-04-05	Hutchens Edward	Pulp-forming press
CH183698A (de) *	1935-07-04	1936-04-30	Yngve Hedqvist Oskar	Einrichtung zur Herstellung von kistenartigen Gegenständen aus einer Masse, die in Wasser suspendierte Fasern enthält.
DE855196C (de) *	1945-04-14	1952-11-10	Norddeutsche Homogenholz Ges M	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Faserstoff-Formkoerpern
DE879354C (de) *	1942-06-24	1953-06-11	Norddeutsche Homogenholz Ges M	Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserstoff-Formkoerpern
DE2644487A1 (de) *	1975-10-02	1977-05-12	Idra Ag	Sarg und verfahren zu dessen herstellung

1989
- 1989-09-12 DE DE8910860U patent/DE8910860U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
1990
- 1990-07-03 DE DE59009115T patent/DE59009115D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-03 EP EP90112631A patent/EP0406783B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-03 AT AT90112631T patent/ATE123094T1/de active

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB261529A (en) *	1925-10-19	1926-11-25	Richard Ellis Hall	Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of reinforced hollow ware articles or containers made from fibrous material
US1623731A (en) *	1926-04-02	1927-04-05	Hutchens Edward	Pulp-forming press
CH183698A (de) *	1935-07-04	1936-04-30	Yngve Hedqvist Oskar	Einrichtung zur Herstellung von kistenartigen Gegenständen aus einer Masse, die in Wasser suspendierte Fasern enthält.
DE879354C (de) *	1942-06-24	1953-06-11	Norddeutsche Homogenholz Ges M	Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserstoff-Formkoerpern
DE855196C (de) *	1945-04-14	1952-11-10	Norddeutsche Homogenholz Ges M	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Faserstoff-Formkoerpern
DE2644487A1 (de) *	1975-10-02	1977-05-12	Idra Ag	Sarg und verfahren zu dessen herstellung

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP0466653A1 (fr) *	1990-07-11	1992-01-15	Alois Koch	Procédé de fabrication de cerceuil en matériau de pulpe formé
FR2711998A1 (fr) *	1993-11-04	1995-05-12	Chanard Alain	Procédé de recyclage de vieux papiers dans un but écologique et économique d'isolant.
NL1001959C2 (nl) *	1995-12-21	1997-06-24	Univ Delft Tech	Werkwijze voor het verwerken van bollen.
WO1999022069A1 (fr) *	1997-10-25	1999-05-06	Px Technologies Ltd.	Procede et appareil de formage d'articles a partir de pate a papier
US6210531B1 (en)	1998-10-26	2001-04-03	Px Technologies, Ltd.	Forming machines
EP1548189A1 (fr) *	2003-12-05	2005-06-29	Sonoco Development, Inc.	Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de plaques fibreuses tridimensionnelles
US7074302B2 (en)	2003-12-05	2006-07-11	Sonoco Development, Inc.	Apparatus and process for forming three-dimensional fibrous panels

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
ATE123094T1 (de)	1995-06-15
EP0406783B1 (fr)	1995-05-24
DE8910860U1 (de)	1990-11-08
DE59009115D1 (de)	1995-06-29
EP0406783A3 (en)	1991-09-04

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Publication	Publication Date	Title
AT398934B (de)	1995-02-27	Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von blöcken aus beliebigem material und blöcke als unmittelbares erzeugnis dieses verfahrens
DE3233241A1 (de)	1983-04-28	Verfahren zum pressen von formteilen aus bindemittelhaltigen organischen fasermatten und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
EP0048367A1 (fr)	1982-03-31	Support de palette et procédé pour sa fabrication
DE3936904A1 (de)	1990-07-19	Verfahren zur herstellung von auch grossflaechigen platten aus keramischem material mit erhoehten mechanischen eigenschaften
EP0466653B1 (fr)	1995-03-01	Procédé de fabrication de cerceuil en matériau de pulpe formé
EP0406783B1 (fr)	1995-05-24	Procédé de fabrication d'objets creux à partir de fibres lignocellulosiques
CH346362A (de)	1960-05-15	Vorrichtung zum Pressen von Hohlkörpern
CH627126A5 (fr)	1981-12-31
DE1752695C3 (de)	1978-09-21	Verfahren zum Herstellen von Tabletten aus einem Brei und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE3922382C2 (fr)	1991-04-18
DE19540189A1 (de)	1997-04-30	Preßvorrichtung und -verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen
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DE10314974B4 (de)	2010-08-26	Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern mit einer zusammenhängende lignocellulosehaltige Fasern aufweisenden formgebenden Struktur und Formkörper
EP0130359B1 (fr)	1989-10-11	Procédé de fabrication de barres porteuses, profilés, poutres et identiques en petits morceaux végétaux comprimés
EP0084074B1 (fr)	1986-01-02	Procédé de fabrication d'objets pressés en forme à partir d'un mélange non expansible
DE2804754C2 (de)	1981-09-17	Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formkörpern aus Beton
DE2443837A1 (de)	1976-04-01	Verfahren zur herstellung von pressformkoerpern, insbesondere kalksandsteinen sowie vorrihtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
EP0184551B1 (fr)	1990-12-27	Dispositif pour fabriquer des plaques de construction en plâtre par voie sèche
DE2618599A1 (de)	1977-11-10	Vorrichtung zum dosierten fuellen stationaerer pressformen
DE1284624B (de)	1968-12-05	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von mit einer Decklage versehenen Formteilen aus einer nicht steigfaehigen Pressmasse
DE4342789C2 (de)	1996-03-07	Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formteilen
AT223989B (de)	1962-10-25	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen von Formkörpern, insbesondere Formsteinen
AT358974B (de)	1980-10-10	Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkoerpern
DE3116894A1 (de)	1982-11-18	"verfahren zur herstellung von vorformteilen aus bindemittelhaltigen pressmassen, wie fasermatten, und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens"