EP0307961B1 - Cleaning device for heat exchangers with tube bundles, particularly for the tube plate and spacer plate area - Google Patents

Cleaning device for heat exchangers with tube bundles, particularly for the tube plate and spacer plate area Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0307961B1
EP0307961B1 EP88115337A EP88115337A EP0307961B1 EP 0307961 B1 EP0307961 B1 EP 0307961B1 EP 88115337 A EP88115337 A EP 88115337A EP 88115337 A EP88115337 A EP 88115337A EP 0307961 B1 EP0307961 B1 EP 0307961B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lance
tube
cleaning device
cleaning
nozzles
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP88115337A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0307961A1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Dipl.-Ing.(Fh) Stoss
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/483—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers specially adapted for nuclear steam generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cleaning device for heat exchangers with tube bundles, in particular for the tube sheet and spacer plate area, in which a lance provided with nozzles can be inserted into the tube bundle through an opening of the heat exchanger, can be continued step by step and can be moved by a pivoting device and in which a flange is provided with a hollow cylinder for guiding the lance and for attachment to the opening.
  • a cleaning device is known from US Pat. No. 4,273,076, which is attached to an opening of the heat exchanger by means of a mounting plate in which a lance is guided.
  • the lance has a rack-shaped configuration along its upper side, on which a drive acts in such a way that the lance is gradually introduced into the tube passage of the heat exchanger.
  • the lance has a head with nozzles through which a cleaning agent is sprayed onto the tube sheet in pulsating jets while maintaining a fixed angle.
  • the device is suitable for insertion into the pipe lane running in the X direction. The cleaning jet can thus only be directed into the pipe gaps which are offset by 90 ° while maintaining a fixed angle of attack.
  • a remote-controlled tube lane manipulator For cleaning a heat exchanger tube plate, it is known from DE-A 32 02 248 to use a remote-controlled tube lane manipulator.
  • the manipulator can be inserted into the Rohrgasse through a service opening.
  • the nozzles arranged on its spray head can be positioned in their respective spray position in that the vehicle pipe is clamped to the pipes of the two opposite pipe gas sides in conformity with the division with externally retractable clamping feet.
  • the direction of the spray nozzle mouth and its distance from the clamping plane of the clamping feet to the pipe pitch are matched so that the spray jets get into the spaces. Due to its dimensions, the manipulator can only be used for the pipe lane oriented in the X direction.
  • flexible tubes arranged in the form of a band are introduced into the heat exchanger and are provided with spray nozzles of fixed alignment, so that the spray nozzles direct the jets obliquely and approximately symmetrically to the direction of a row of tubes onto the tube plate.
  • the device has a complex feed mechanism, which must be installed outside the heat exchanger and requires a large footprint.
  • FR-A 2 551 182 discloses a cleaning device with a pivotable lance which can be inserted into the heat exchanger and in which both the feed movement and the pivoting movement take place by coupling pneumatically driven friction rollers. These friction rollers must be alternately coupled or uncoupled depending on whether a feed movement or a pivoting movement is to take place. This requires both a complex mechanical design and an additional pneumatic control. In addition, the friction rollers in a friction clutch can slip and cause an increased susceptibility to faults.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a cleaning device for a heat exchanger with tube bundles, in particular for the tube sheet and spacer plate area, which is remotely operated with simple and trouble-free mechanical designs and largely automatically allows uniform cleaning over the entire width of the tube sheet.
  • the pivoting device comprises a motor which is fastened to the hollow cylinder and a pendulum gear which connects a driver guided in longitudinal grooves of the lance by impellers to the axis of rotation of the motor in such a way that the Lance is pivotable about its longitudinal axis.
  • the cleaning device according to the invention is characterized by a compact, space-saving construction and a simple swivel device. It enables thorough cleaning of the floor. Automatic swiveling by means of the motor means that operation by personnel is not necessary. This also ensures that the floor is evenly treated with cleaning agents.
  • the cleaning device is preferably designed such that a connection head, attached to one end of the lance, for the supply of detergent is guided by a guide and feed device arranged parallel to the lance on the hollow cylinder.
  • a connection head attached to one end of the lance, for the supply of detergent is guided by a guide and feed device arranged parallel to the lance on the hollow cylinder.
  • the lance or a nozzle head of the lance is smaller in the largest diameter than the smallest pipe gap width.
  • the lance can thus also be inserted in the much narrower pipe gaps in the Y direction, so that beam alignment in the X direction is possible on the ground.
  • the lance has two tubes, each with a nozzle head, which can be pivoted relative to one another.
  • the double arrangement allows the cleaning agent flow to be doubled, which enables particularly intensive cleaning of the tube sheet.
  • This lance 1 shows a cleaning device, the lance 1 of which is designed according to a first embodiment.
  • This lance 1 is inserted through an opening 3 (e.g. a hand hole) of a heat exchanger into a pipe lane or into a pipe gap which is formed by heat exchanger pipes 30.
  • FIG 2 it is shown that the relatively wide pipe alley 21 extends in the X direction; relatively narrow pipe gaps run parallel to it.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 30 are perpendicular to the paper plane, that is to say in the Z direction and parallel thereto.
  • the illustration shows a lance 1 which is introduced centrally in the Y direction and is made relatively thin and also has a relatively thin nozzle head.
  • a total of four cleaning jets 27 are shown parallel to the X-Z plane, two on each side of the longitudinal axis of the lance.
  • the cleaning device is screwed to the heat exchanger with a flange 5.
  • the bottom of this is again designated 15.
  • the lance 1 is formed here with the aid of a single tube which is mounted in a hollow cylinder 6, which in turn is connected to the flange 5.
  • the lance 1 can also comprise more than one tube.
  • a nozzle head 13 is arranged at the end of the lance 1 pointing into the pipe alley. This is provided on the flat radiation side shown with four nozzles 2 aligned with the heat exchanger base 15. These four nozzles 2 are arranged in two rows. Accordingly, a further, oblique to the first radiation side second side can be provided, on which nozzles are also arranged.
  • connection head 14 At the opposite end of the lance 1 there is a pivotably arranged connection head 14, via which the detergent supply takes place.
  • the connection head 14 is guided on a guide and feed device 12 by means of a holder 16.
  • the lance 1 is gradually advanced by means of a spindle 17.
  • the spindle 17 is driven by a feed motor 19.
  • the lance 1 can be gradually inserted into the heat exchanger until the holder 16 comes to a stop on a limit switch 18 which is adjustably mounted on a guide rail 20.
  • This limit switch 18 ends the automatic motor feed.
  • the maximum insertion depth of the lance 1 is determined by the setting or positioning of the limit switch 18 on the guide rail 20.
  • an automatic swivel device 4 is arranged below the guide and feed device 12 on the other side of the hollow cylinder 6. It essentially consists of the following units: a motor 7, a pendulum gear 8 connected to its drive axis and a driver 10 guided in longitudinal grooves 9 of the lance 1 by impellers 11.
  • the lance 1 is guided in the driver 10 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the impellers 11 engaging in the longitudinal grooves 9 of the lance 1, the lance 1 is pivoted about its longitudinal axis. In this way, the cleaning jets 27 of the nozzle head 13 are pivoted back and forth over the heat exchanger base 15 while the lance 1 is being moved step by step into the pipe lane in question.
  • nozzle head 13 there should be noted that more or fewer than four nozzles 2 can be arranged on each radiation side of the nozzle head 13.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a nozzle head 13 inserted into a pipe or inspection lane 21 with a total of four nozzles 2.
  • the nozzle head 13 is wider than that of FIG 2; it corresponds to that of FIG. 1.
  • the two flat radiation sides on which the two nozzles are located form an angle with one another, for example between 45 ° and 80 ° .
  • the cleaning jets 27 can act on the heat exchanger base 15 with cleaning agent in its entire width measured in the Y direction at a nozzle swivel angle of only ⁇ 45 ° , which is marked by a double arrow.
  • the zero position of the nozzle swivel angle is characterized by the solid arrows which mark the cleaning jets 27.
  • a lance 1 is used, which consists of two tubes, each with a small nozzle attached countersink 13 and with, for example, two nozzles per nozzle head 13.
  • This lance 1 which can also be referred to as a double lance, is introduced into a tube gap 22 which is much narrower than the tube alley 21 of FIG. 3 and extends in the Y direction.
  • Each of the two nozzle heads 13 has a nozzle swivel angle of 45 ° in total.
  • the nozzle heads 13 are pivoted in opposite directions, which is illustrated by the solid arrows (starting position) and the dashed arrows (reverse position) for the cleaning jets 27.
  • nozzle arrangement in the individual nozzle heads 13 Due to the nozzle arrangement in the individual nozzle heads 13, a uniformly intensive treatment of the heat exchanger base 15 is possible over its entire width. This is favored by the jets 27 of the two nozzle heads 13 pivoting in opposite directions.
  • the nozzle heads 13 are each smaller in their largest diameter than the pipe gap 22.
  • At least one nozzle 2 is arranged on the one nozzle head 13 in such a way that its cleaning jet 27, in one swivel end position, targets approximately the same direction as the cleaning jet 27 at least one nozzle 2 of the other nozzle head 13, specifically when this other nozzle head 13 has reached its end position at the same time.
  • the cleaning jets 27 on one side of the lance 1 swivel towards one another until they have reached approximately the same direction, and then they return to their starting position.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a lance 1 comprising two tubes 23a, 23b and nozzle heads (not shown) attached at the end. At each nozzle head, one or more nozzles 2 are again arranged on one or two radiation sides.
  • the tubes 23a, 23b each have a toothing 24 on their circumference.
  • the two tubes 23a, 23b are connected to one another in the manner of a transmission in a torque-locking connection.
  • the lower or first tube 23b additionally has longitudinal grooves 9 in its surface, in which the impellers 11 of the driver 10 are guided.
  • the driver 10 is reciprocated at its other end by a pin 25 located on a disc 26, the disc 26 being driven by a motor 7, whereby the lower or first tube 23b is pivoted.
  • each tube 23a, 23b and thus each nozzle head 13 is, for example, ⁇ 22.5 ° . So you get by with particularly small swivel angles.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Description

Die Efrindung bezieht sich auf ein Reinigungsgerät für Wärmetauscher mit Rohrbündeln, insbesondere für den Rohrboden- und Abstandshalterplattenbereich, bei dem eine mit Düsen versehene Lanze durch eine Öffnung des Wärmetauschers in das Rohrbündel einführbar, schrittweise weiterführbar und durch eine Schwenkvorrichtung bewegbar ist und bei dem ein Flansch mit Hohlzylinder zur Führung der Lanze und zur Befestigung an der Öffnung vorgesehen ist.The invention relates to a cleaning device for heat exchangers with tube bundles, in particular for the tube sheet and spacer plate area, in which a lance provided with nozzles can be inserted into the tube bundle through an opening of the heat exchanger, can be continued step by step and can be moved by a pivoting device and in which a flange is provided with a hollow cylinder for guiding the lance and for attachment to the opening.

Aus der US-PS 4 273 076 ist ein Reinigungsgerät bekannt, das an einer Öffnung des Wärmetauschers mittels einer Montageplatte befestigt wird, in der eine Lanze geführt wird. Die Lanze besitzt längs ihrer Oberseite eine zahnstangenförmige Ausbildung, auf die ein Antrieb derart einwirkt, daß die Lanze schrittweise in die Rohrgasse des Wärmetauschers eingeführt wird. An dem in den Wärmetauscher eingeführten Ende besitzt die Lanze einen Kopf mit Düsen, durch die unter Beibehaltung eines festen Winkels ein Reinigungsmittel in pulsierenden Strahlen auf den Rohrboden gespritzt wird. Das Gerät eignet sich zum Einführen in die in X- Richtung verlaufende Rohrgasse. Somit kann der Reinigungsstrahl in die 90° hierzu versetzt verlaufenden Rohrspalte lediglich unter Beibehaltung eines festen Anstellwinkels gelenkt werden.A cleaning device is known from US Pat. No. 4,273,076, which is attached to an opening of the heat exchanger by means of a mounting plate in which a lance is guided. The lance has a rack-shaped configuration along its upper side, on which a drive acts in such a way that the lance is gradually introduced into the tube passage of the heat exchanger. At the end inserted into the heat exchanger, the lance has a head with nozzles through which a cleaning agent is sprayed onto the tube sheet in pulsating jets while maintaining a fixed angle. The device is suitable for insertion into the pipe lane running in the X direction. The cleaning jet can thus only be directed into the pipe gaps which are offset by 90 ° while maintaining a fixed angle of attack.

Zum Reinigen eines Wärmetauscherrohrbodens ist es aus der DE-A 32 02 248 bekannt, einen fernbedienten Rohrgassenmanipulator zu verwenden. Der Manipulator ist durch eine Serviceöffnung in die Rohrgasse einführbar. Die an seinem Spritzkopf angeordneten Düsen sind in ihrer jeweiligen Spritzposition dadurch positionierbar, daß das Fahrzeugrohr teilungskonform mit außen einfahrbaren Klemmfüßen an den Rohren der beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Rohrgassenseiten festgeklemmt wird. Dabei sind die Richtung der Spritzdüsenmündung sowie ihr Abstand von der Klemmebene der Klemmfüße auf die Rohrteilung so abgestimmt, daß die Spritzstrahlen in die Zwischenräume gelangen. Aufgrund seiner Abmessungen ist der Manipulator jedoch nur für die in X-Richtung ausgerichtete Rohrgasse verwendbar.For cleaning a heat exchanger tube plate, it is known from DE-A 32 02 248 to use a remote-controlled tube lane manipulator. The manipulator can be inserted into the Rohrgasse through a service opening. The nozzles arranged on its spray head can be positioned in their respective spray position in that the vehicle pipe is clamped to the pipes of the two opposite pipe gas sides in conformity with the division with externally retractable clamping feet. The direction of the spray nozzle mouth and its distance from the clamping plane of the clamping feet to the pipe pitch are matched so that the spray jets get into the spaces. Due to its dimensions, the manipulator can only be used for the pipe lane oriented in the X direction.

In einer aus der EP-A 0 077 255 bekannten Ausführung werden bandförmig angeordnete flexible Rohre in den Wärmetauscher eingeführt, die mit Spritzdüsen fester Ausrichtung versehen sind, so daß die Spritzdüsen die Strahlen schräg und etwa symmetrisch zur Richtung einer Rohrreihe auf die Rohrplatte richten. Die Vorrichtung besitzt einen aufwendigen Vorschubmechanismus, der außerhalb des Wärmetauschers montiert werden muß und eine große Stellfläche benötigt.In an embodiment known from EP-A 0 077 255, flexible tubes arranged in the form of a band are introduced into the heat exchanger and are provided with spray nozzles of fixed alignment, so that the spray nozzles direct the jets obliquely and approximately symmetrically to the direction of a row of tubes onto the tube plate. The device has a complex feed mechanism, which must be installed outside the heat exchanger and requires a large footprint.

Aus der US-PS 4 079 701 ist es bekannt, eine Lanze mittels eines Montagemechanismus an einer Wärmetauscheröffnung zu befestigen und dann in den Inspektionskanal einzuführen. Der Vorschub der Lanze kann per Hand oder mechanisch erfolgen. Der Lanzenschaft ist schwenkbar. Am Kopf der Lanze ist ein rechtwinklig zur Lanze verlaufendes Rohrstück mit einer Düse an jedem Ende angeordnet. Da beide Düsen ihren Strahl in entgegengesetzte Richtung richten, ist es nicht möglich, beide Strahlen gleichzeitig auf den Rohrboden zu lenken.From US-PS 4 079 701 it is known to attach a lance to a heat exchanger opening by means of a mounting mechanism and then to insert it into the inspection channel. The lance can be advanced manually or mechanically. The lance can be swiveled. At the top of the lance there is a piece of pipe running perpendicular to the lance with a nozzle at each end. Since both nozzles direct their jet in the opposite direction, it is not possible to direct both jets onto the tube sheet at the same time.

In der FR-A 2 551 182 ist ein Reinigungsgerät mit einer in den Wärmetauscher einführbaren schwenkbaren Lanze offenbart, bei der sowohl die Vorschubbewegung als auch die Schwenkbewegung durch Ankuppeln von pneumatisch angetriebenen Reibrollen erfolgt. Diese Reibrollen müssen je nachdem, ob eine Vorschubwegung oder eine Schwenkbewegung erfolgen soll, abwechselnd an- bzw. abgekuppelt werden. Dazu ist sowohl eine aufwendige mechanische Konstruktion als auch eine zusätzliche pneumatische Steuerung erforderlich. Außerdem können bei einer Reibkupplung die Reibrollen durchrutschen und eine erhöhte Störungsanfälligkeit verursachen.FR-A 2 551 182 discloses a cleaning device with a pivotable lance which can be inserted into the heat exchanger and in which both the feed movement and the pivoting movement take place by coupling pneumatically driven friction rollers. These friction rollers must be alternately coupled or uncoupled depending on whether a feed movement or a pivoting movement is to take place. This requires both a complex mechanical design and an additional pneumatic control. In addition, the friction rollers in a friction clutch can slip and cause an increased susceptibility to faults.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Reinigungsgerät für einen Wärmetauscher mit Rohrbündeln, insbesondere für den Rohrboden und Abstandshalterplattenbereich, anzugeben, das bei einfacher und störungsunanfälliger mechanischer Konstruktionfern bedient und weitestgehend automatisch eine über die gesamte Breite des Rohrbodens gleichmäßige Reinigung erlaubt.The invention is based on the object of specifying a cleaning device for a heat exchanger with tube bundles, in particular for the tube sheet and spacer plate area, which is remotely operated with simple and trouble-free mechanical designs and largely automatically allows uniform cleaning over the entire width of the tube sheet.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem eingangs erwähnten Reinigungsgerät erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Schwenkvorrichtung einen Motor, der an dem Hohlzylinder befestigt ist, und ein Pendelgetriebe umfaßt, das einen in Längsrillen der Lanze durch Laufräder geführten Mitnehmer mit der Drehachse des Motors derart verbindet, daß die Lanze um ihre Längsachse schwenkbar ist.This object is achieved in the cleaning device mentioned in the introduction in that the pivoting device comprises a motor which is fastened to the hollow cylinder and a pendulum gear which connects a driver guided in longitudinal grooves of the lance by impellers to the axis of rotation of the motor in such a way that the Lance is pivotable about its longitudinal axis.

Das erfindungsgemäße Reinigungsgerät zeichnet sich durch einen kompakten raumsparenden Aufbau und eine einfache Schwenkvorrichtung aus. Es ermöglicht eine gründliche Reinigung des Bodens. Durch automatisches Schwenken mittels des Motors entfällt eine Bedienung durch Personal. Weiterhin ist dadurch eine gleichmäßige Beaufschlagung des Bodens mit Reinigungsmittel gewährleistet.The cleaning device according to the invention is characterized by a compact, space-saving construction and a simple swivel device. It enables thorough cleaning of the floor. Automatic swiveling by means of the motor means that operation by personnel is not necessary. This also ensures that the floor is evenly treated with cleaning agents.

Vorzugsweise ist das Reinigungsgerät so ausgeführt, daß ein an dem einen Ende der Lanze angebrachter Anschlußkopf für die Reinigungsmittelversorgung von einer parallel zu der Lanze am Hohlzylinder angeordneten Führungs- und Vorschubeinrichtung geführt ist. Dadurch ist der aus dem Wärmetauscher herausragende Teil der Lanze mechanisch gesichert. Mechanische Bewegungen der Lanze werden auf diese Weise verhindert, so daß eine Verbiegung der Lanze ausgeschlossen ist.The cleaning device is preferably designed such that a connection head, attached to one end of the lance, for the supply of detergent is guided by a guide and feed device arranged parallel to the lance on the hollow cylinder. As a result, the part of the lance protruding from the heat exchanger is mechanically secured. Mechanical movements of the lance are prevented in this way, so that bending of the lance is impossible.

Als vorteilhaft erweist es sich, wenn die Lanze oder ein Düsenkopf der Lanze im größten Durchmesser kleiner als die kleinste Rohrspaltbreite ist. Die Lanze kann somit auch in Y-Richtung in die weitaus engeren Rohrspalte eingeführt werden, so daß eine Strahlausrichtung in X-Richtung auf den Boden möglich ist.It proves to be advantageous if the lance or a nozzle head of the lance is smaller in the largest diameter than the smallest pipe gap width. The lance can thus also be inserted in the much narrower pipe gaps in the Y direction, so that beam alignment in the X direction is possible on the ground.

Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn die Lanze zwei Rohre mit je einem Düsenkopf besitzt, die gegeneinander schwenkbar sind. Durch die Doppelanordnung kann der Reinigungsmitteldurchfluß verdoppelt werden, wodurch eine besonders intensive Reinigung des Rohrbodens möglich ist.It is expedient if the lance has two tubes, each with a nozzle head, which can be pivoted relative to one another. The double arrangement allows the cleaning agent flow to be doubled, which enables particularly intensive cleaning of the tube sheet.

Besonders einfach ist es, wenn nur das erste Rohr direkt vom Schwenkantrieb angetrieben ist und das zweite Rohr in drehmomentschlüssiger Verbindung mit dem ersten Rohr steht. Dadurch kann der mechanische Aufwand für den Schwenkantrieb klein gehalten werden.It is particularly simple if only the first tube is driven directly by the swivel drive and the second tube is in torque-locking connection with the first tube. As a result, the mechanical outlay for the swivel drive can be kept low.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand schematischer Zeichnungen im Prinzip beispielhaft näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

  • FIG 1 ein erstes Reinigungsgerät nach der Erfindung in Seitenansicht, dessen Lanze in einen Wärmetauscher eingeführt ist;
  • FIG 2 einen horizontalen Schnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher mit einem eingeführten zweiten Reinigungsgerät mit vergleichsweise dünner Lanze;
  • FIG 3 im Querschnitt einen Düsenkopf gemäß FIG 1, der in eine Rohrgasse eingeführt ist und um einen Schwenkwinkel ± 45° um die Längsachse schwenkbar ist;
  • FIG 4 im Querschnitt zwei kleine, besonders dünne Düsenköpfe eines dritten Reinigungsgerätes, wobei diese Düsenköpfe in einen Rohrspalt eingeführt und um einen Schwenkwinkel ± 22,5° gegensinnig verschwenkbar sind; und
  • FIG 5 einen Schnitt durch ein Reinigungsgerät mit zwei parallelen Rohren in der Lanze, wie es bei der Ausführungsform nach FIG 4 eingesetzt werden kann.
The invention is explained in more detail below in principle by way of example using schematic drawings. Show:
  • 1 shows a side view of a first cleaning device according to the invention, the lance of which is inserted into a heat exchanger;
  • 2 shows a horizontal section through a heat exchanger with an inserted second cleaning device with a comparatively thin lance;
  • 3 shows in cross section a nozzle head according to FIG 1, which is inserted into a pipe lane and can be pivoted about a pivot angle ± 45 ° about the longitudinal axis;
  • 4 shows in cross section two small, particularly thin nozzle heads of a third cleaning device, these nozzle heads being inserted into a pipe gap and being pivotable in opposite directions by a pivoting angle of ± 22.5 ° ; and
  • 5 shows a section through a cleaning device with two parallel tubes in the lance, as can be used in the embodiment according to FIG.

In FIG 1 ist ein Reinigungsgerät gezeigt, dessen Lanze 1 gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform ausgebildet ist. Diese Lanze 1 ist durch eine Öffnung 3 (z.B. ein Handloch) eines Wärmetauschers in eine Rohrgasse oder in eine Rohrspalte, die von Wärmetauscherrohren 30 gebildet wird, eingeführt.1 shows a cleaning device, the lance 1 of which is designed according to a first embodiment. This lance 1 is inserted through an opening 3 (e.g. a hand hole) of a heat exchanger into a pipe lane or into a pipe gap which is formed by heat exchanger pipes 30.

In FIG 2 ist dargestellt, daß in X-Richtung die relativ breite Rohrgasse 21 verläuft; parallel dazu verlaufen relativ enge Rohrspalte. In Y-Richtung und parallel dazu gibt es dagegen nur durch den normalen Abstand der Wärmetauscherrohre 30 gebildete Rohrspalte 22. In FIG 2 stehen die Wärmetauscherrohr 30 senkrecht auf der Papierebene, also in Z-Richtung und parallel dazu. In der Darstellung ist eine in Y-Richtung zentral eingeführte Lanze 1 zu sehen, die relativ dünn ausgeführt ist und auch einen relativ dünnen Düsenkopf besitzt. Es sind insgesamt vier Reinigungsstrahlen 27 parallel zur X-Z-Ebene dargestellt, und zwar beidseitig der Lanzen-Längsachse jeweils zwei. Diese können in den genannten parallelen Ebenen geschwenkt werden, also quer zur Einführungsrichtung Y. Damit überstreichen sie den Wärmetauscherboden 15. Dieser wird dadurch gereinigt. Entsprechend kann bei einem (nicht gezeigten) Abstandsplattenhalterbereich eines Wärmetauschers vorgegangen werden.In FIG 2 it is shown that the relatively wide pipe alley 21 extends in the X direction; relatively narrow pipe gaps run parallel to it. In the Y direction and parallel thereto, on the other hand, there are only tube gaps 22 formed by the normal distance between the heat exchanger tubes 30. In FIG. 2, the heat exchanger tubes 30 are perpendicular to the paper plane, that is to say in the Z direction and parallel thereto. The illustration shows a lance 1 which is introduced centrally in the Y direction and is made relatively thin and also has a relatively thin nozzle head. A total of four cleaning jets 27 are shown parallel to the X-Z plane, two on each side of the longitudinal axis of the lance. These can be swiveled in the parallel planes mentioned, that is to say transversely to the direction of insertion Y. In this way they sweep over the heat exchanger base 15, which is thereby cleaned. A corresponding procedure can be used for a spacer plate holder region (not shown) of a heat exchanger.

Wie in FIG 1 im Detail dargestellt, ist das Reinigungsgerät mit einem Flansch 5 am Wärmetauscher verschraubt. Dessen Boden ist auch hier wieder mit 15 bezeichnet. Die Lanze 1 ist hier mit Hilfe eines einzigen Rohres ausgebildet, das in einem Hohlzylinder 6 gelagert ist, der wiederum mit dem Flansch 5 verbunden ist. Wie später näher dargelegt wird, kann die Lanze 1 auch mehr als ein Rohr umfassen. An dem in die Rohrgasse weisenden Ende der Lanze 1 ist ein Düsenkopf 13 angeordnet. Dieser ist auf der gezeigten ebenen Abstrahlseite mit vier zum Wärmetauscherboden 15 ausgerichteten Düsen 2 versehen. Diese vier Düsen 2 sind in Zweierreihen angeordnet. Entsprechend kann eine weitere, schräg zur ersten Abstrahlseite verlaufende zweite Seite vorgesehen sein, an der ebenfalls Düsen angeordnet sind.As shown in detail in FIG. 1, the cleaning device is screwed to the heat exchanger with a flange 5. The bottom of this is again designated 15. The lance 1 is formed here with the aid of a single tube which is mounted in a hollow cylinder 6, which in turn is connected to the flange 5. As will be explained in more detail later, the lance 1 can also comprise more than one tube. A nozzle head 13 is arranged at the end of the lance 1 pointing into the pipe alley. This is provided on the flat radiation side shown with four nozzles 2 aligned with the heat exchanger base 15. These four nozzles 2 are arranged in two rows. Accordingly, a further, oblique to the first radiation side second side can be provided, on which nozzles are also arranged.

An dem entgegengesetzten Ende der Lanze 1 befindet sich ein schwenkbar angeordneter Anschlußkopf 14, über den die Reinigungsmittelversorgung erfolgt. Der Anschlußkopf 14 wird mittels einer Halterung 16 an einer Führungs- und Vorschubeinrichtung 12 geführt. Hierüber erfolgt mittels einer Spindel 17 der schrittweise Vorschub der Lanze 1. Die Spindel 17 wird dabei von einem Vorschubmotor 19 angetrieben. Durch die Führungs- und Vorschubeinrichtung 12 kann die Lanze 1 schrittweise so weit in den Wärmetauscher eingeführt werden, bis die Halterung 16 an einem an einer Führungsschiene 20 einstellbar angebrachten Endschalter 18 zum Anschlag kommt. Dieser Endschalter 18 beendet den automatischen motorischen Vorschub. Durch die Einstellung oder Positionierung des Endschalters 18 auf der Führungsschiene 20 ist die maximale Einschubtiefe der Lanze 1 festgelegt.At the opposite end of the lance 1 there is a pivotably arranged connection head 14, via which the detergent supply takes place. The connection head 14 is guided on a guide and feed device 12 by means of a holder 16. The lance 1 is gradually advanced by means of a spindle 17. The spindle 17 is driven by a feed motor 19. By means of the guide and feed device 12, the lance 1 can be gradually inserted into the heat exchanger until the holder 16 comes to a stop on a limit switch 18 which is adjustably mounted on a guide rail 20. This limit switch 18 ends the automatic motor feed. The maximum insertion depth of the lance 1 is determined by the setting or positioning of the limit switch 18 on the guide rail 20.

Unterhalb der Führungs- und Vorschubeinrichtung 12 ist gemäß FIG 1 auf der anderen Seite des Hohlzylinders 6 eine automatische Schwenkvorrichtung 4 angeordnet. Sie besteht im wesentlichen aus folgenden Einheiten: Aus einem Motor 7, einem mit dessen Antriebsachse verbundenen Pendelgetriebe 8 und einem in Längsrillen 9 der Lanze 1 durch Laufräder 11 geführten Mitnehmer 10. Die Lanze 1 ist in dem Mitnehmer 10 in Längsrichtung beweglich geführt. Durch die in die Längsrillen 9 der Lanze 1 eingreifenden Laufräder 11 wird eine Schwenkung der Lanze 1 um ihre Längsachse bewirkt. Auf diese Weise werden, während die Lanze 1 schrittweise in die betreffende Rohrgasse eingefahren wird, die Reinigungsstrahlen 27 des Düsenkopfes 13 über den Wärmetauscherboden 15 hin- und hergeschwenkt.According to FIG. 1, an automatic swivel device 4 is arranged below the guide and feed device 12 on the other side of the hollow cylinder 6. It essentially consists of the following units: a motor 7, a pendulum gear 8 connected to its drive axis and a driver 10 guided in longitudinal grooves 9 of the lance 1 by impellers 11. The lance 1 is guided in the driver 10 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. By the impellers 11 engaging in the longitudinal grooves 9 of the lance 1, the lance 1 is pivoted about its longitudinal axis. In this way, the cleaning jets 27 of the nozzle head 13 are pivoted back and forth over the heat exchanger base 15 while the lance 1 is being moved step by step into the pipe lane in question.

Es soll angemerkt werden, daß auf jeder Abstrahlseite des Düsenkopfes 13 mehr oder weniger als vier Düsen 2 angeordnet sein können.It should be noted that more or fewer than four nozzles 2 can be arranged on each radiation side of the nozzle head 13.

In FIG 3 ist ein in eine Rohr- oder Inspektionsgasse 21 eingeführter Düsenkopf 13 mit insgesamt vier Düsen 2 im Querschnitt gezeigt. Der Düsenkopf 13 ist breiter als der nach FIG 2 ausgebildet; er entspricht demjenigen von FIG 1. Die beiden ebenen Abstrahlseiten, an denen sich die jeweils zwei Düsen befinden, schließen untereinander einen Winkel z.B. zwischen 45° und 80° ein. Aus FIG 3 wird deutlich, daß mit den Reinigungsstrahlen 27 bei einem Düsenschwenkwinkel von nur ± 45°, der durch einen Doppelpfeil markiert ist, eine Beaufschlagung des Wärmetauscherbodens 15 mit Reinigungsmittel in seiner gesamten, in Y-Richtung gemessenen Breite möglich ist. Die Nullstellung des Düsen schwenkwinkels ist durch die durchgezogenen Pfeile, die die Reinigungsstrahlen 27 markieren, charakterisiert.3 shows a cross section of a nozzle head 13 inserted into a pipe or inspection lane 21 with a total of four nozzles 2. The nozzle head 13 is wider than that of FIG 2; it corresponds to that of FIG. 1. The two flat radiation sides on which the two nozzles are located form an angle with one another, for example between 45 ° and 80 ° . It is clear from FIG. 3 that the cleaning jets 27 can act on the heat exchanger base 15 with cleaning agent in its entire width measured in the Y direction at a nozzle swivel angle of only ± 45 ° , which is marked by a double arrow. The zero position of the nozzle swivel angle is characterized by the solid arrows which mark the cleaning jets 27.

In FIG 4 ist eine Lanze 1 verwendet, die aus zwei Rohren mit jeweils einem angesetzten kleinen Düsenkopf 13 und mit z.B. zwei Düsen pro Düsenkopf 13 besteht. Diese Lanze 1, die auch als Doppellanze bezeichnet werden kann, ist in einen gegenüber der Rohrgasse 21 von FIG 3 weitaus engeren, in Y-Richtung verlaufenden Rohrspalt 22 eingeführt. Jeder der beiden Düsenköpfe 13 hat einen Düsenschwenkwinkel von insgesamt 45°. Die Düsenköpfe 13 werden dabei gegenläufig geschwenkt, was durch die durchgezogenen Pfeile (Ausgangsstellung) und die gestrichelten Pfeile (Umkehrstellung) für die Reinigungsstrahlen 27 verdeutlich ist. Durch die getroffene Düsenanordnung in den einzelnen Düsenköpfen 13 ist auch hier wieder eine gleichmäßig intensive Behandlung des Wärmetauscherbodens 15 über seine gesamte Breite möglich. Dies wird durch die gegenläufig schwenkenden Strahlen 27 der beiden Düsenköpfe 13 begünstigt. Die Düsenköpfe 13 sind dabei jeweils in ihrem größten Durchmesser kleiner als der Rohrspalt 22.In FIG 4, a lance 1 is used, which consists of two tubes, each with a small nozzle attached countersink 13 and with, for example, two nozzles per nozzle head 13. This lance 1, which can also be referred to as a double lance, is introduced into a tube gap 22 which is much narrower than the tube alley 21 of FIG. 3 and extends in the Y direction. Each of the two nozzle heads 13 has a nozzle swivel angle of 45 ° in total. The nozzle heads 13 are pivoted in opposite directions, which is illustrated by the solid arrows (starting position) and the dashed arrows (reverse position) for the cleaning jets 27. Due to the nozzle arrangement in the individual nozzle heads 13, a uniformly intensive treatment of the heat exchanger base 15 is possible over its entire width. This is favored by the jets 27 of the two nozzle heads 13 pivoting in opposite directions. The nozzle heads 13 are each smaller in their largest diameter than the pipe gap 22.

Zur Anordnung der Düsen 2 an den beiden Düsenköpfen 13 gemäß FIG 4 ist folgendes zu sagen: Zumindest eine Düse 2 ist an dem einen Düsenkopf 13 so angeordnet, daß ihr Reinigungsstrahl 27 in der einen Schwenk-Endstellung in etwa dieselbe Richtung zielt wie der Reinigungsstrahl 27 zumindest einer Düse 2 des anderen Düsenkopfes 13, und zwar dann, wenn dieser andere Düsenkopf 13 zur gleichen Zeit seine Endstellung eingenommen hat. Mit anderen Worten: Die Reinigungsstrahlen 27 auf einer Seite der Lanze 1 schwenken aufeinander zu, bis sie etwa dieselbe Richtung erreicht haben, und sodann kehren sie in ihre Ausgangslage zurück. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, daß eine gewisse Überschneidung stattfindet.Regarding the arrangement of the nozzles 2 on the two nozzle heads 13 according to FIG. 4, the following can be said: at least one nozzle 2 is arranged on the one nozzle head 13 in such a way that its cleaning jet 27, in one swivel end position, targets approximately the same direction as the cleaning jet 27 at least one nozzle 2 of the other nozzle head 13, specifically when this other nozzle head 13 has reached its end position at the same time. In other words: the cleaning jets 27 on one side of the lance 1 swivel towards one another until they have reached approximately the same direction, and then they return to their starting position. Of course, it is also possible that there is some overlap.

In FIG 5 ist ein Schnitt durch eine zwei Rohre 23a, 23b und endseitig angebrachte (nicht gezeigte) Düsenköpfe umfassende Lanze 1 dargestellt. An jedem Düsenkopf sind wieder an einer oder an zwei Abstrahlseiten eine oder mehrere Düsen 2 angeordnet. Die Rohre 23a, 23b besitzen jeweils an ihrem Umfang eine Verzahnung 24. Die beiden Rohre 23a, 23b sind nach Art eines Getriebes in drehmomentschlüssiger Verbindung miteinander verbunden. Das untere oder erste Rohr 23b weist zusätzlich in seiner Oberfläche Längsrillen 9 auf, in denen die Laufräder 11 des Mitnehmers 10 geführt werden. Der Mitnehmer 10 wird an seinem anderen Ende durch einen auf einer Scheibe 26 befindlichen Zapfen 25 hin- und herbewegt, wobei die Scheibe 26 durch einen Motor 7 angetrieben wird, wodurch die Schwenkung des unteren oder ersten Rohres 23b erfolgt. Da das zweite Rohr 23a zum ersten Rohr 23b in drehmomentschlüssiger Verbindung steht, wird dieses zweite Rohr 23a in entgegengesetzter Richtung mitgeschwenkt. Von diesem Verhalten war auch bei der Beschreibung von FIG 4 ausgegangen worden. Der Schwenkwinkel jedes Rohres 23a, 23b und damit jedes Düsenkopfes 13 beträgt z.B. ± 22,5°. Man kommt also hier mit besonders kleinen Schwenkwinkeln aus.5 shows a section through a lance 1 comprising two tubes 23a, 23b and nozzle heads (not shown) attached at the end. At each nozzle head, one or more nozzles 2 are again arranged on one or two radiation sides. The tubes 23a, 23b each have a toothing 24 on their circumference. The two tubes 23a, 23b are connected to one another in the manner of a transmission in a torque-locking connection. The lower or first tube 23b additionally has longitudinal grooves 9 in its surface, in which the impellers 11 of the driver 10 are guided. The driver 10 is reciprocated at its other end by a pin 25 located on a disc 26, the disc 26 being driven by a motor 7, whereby the lower or first tube 23b is pivoted. Since the second tube 23a is connected to the first tube 23b in a torque-locking manner, this second tube 23a is also pivoted in the opposite direction. This behavior was also assumed in the description of FIG. 4. The swivel angle of each tube 23a, 23b and thus each nozzle head 13 is, for example, ± 22.5 ° . So you get by with particularly small swivel angles.

Claims (7)

1. Cleaning device for heat exchangers having tube bundles, in particular for the tube base and spacer plate region, in which a lance (1) with nozzles (2) is to be introduced through an opening (3) in the heat exchanger into the tube bundle, is to be further introduced in steps and is movable by means of a pivot device (4), and in which there is provided a flange (5) with a hollow cylinder (6) for guiding the lance (1) and for securing it at the opening (3), characterised in that the pivot device (4) includes a motor (7) which is secured on the hollow cylinder (6), and a pendulum gear (8; 25, 26) which connects a carrier (10), guided by wheels (11) in longitudinal grooves (9) of the lance (1), to the rotary axis of the motor (7) in such a way that the lance (1) is pivotable about its longitudinal axis.
2. Cleaning device according to claim 1, characterised in that a connection head (14) disposed on one end of the lance (1) for the supply of cleaning fluid is guided by a guidance and feeding device (12) arranged parallel to the lance (1) on the hollow cylinder (6).
3. Cleaning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the lance (1) or a nozzle head (13) of the lance (1) is smaller in its largest diameter than the smallest tube gap (22).
4. Cleaning device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lance (1) has two tubes (23a, 23b), each with a nozzle head (13), which are pivotable with respect to each other, and each nozzle head (13) has a predetermined number of nozzles (2).
5. Cleaning device according to claim 4, characterised in that only one tube (23b) is driven directly by the pivot drive (4; 25, 26) and the second tube (23a) is in torque-locking connection with the first tube (23b).
6. Cleaning device according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the pivot angle region of each of the two tubes (23a, 23b) amounts to approximately +20°.
7. Cleaning device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the nozzles (2) on one nozzle head (13) are arranged so that their cleaning jet (27) in the one final position is directed approximately in the same direction as the cleaning jet (27) of the nozzles (2) of the other nozzle head (13) in its simultaneously assumed final position (FIG 4).
EP88115337A 1987-09-18 1988-09-19 Cleaning device for heat exchangers with tube bundles, particularly for the tube plate and spacer plate area Expired - Lifetime EP0307961B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8712637U DE8712637U1 (en) 1987-09-18 1987-09-18 Cleaning device for heat exchangers with tube bundles, especially for the tube sheet and spacer plate area
DE8712637U 1987-09-18

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EP0307961A1 EP0307961A1 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0307961B1 true EP0307961B1 (en) 1990-12-27

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EP88115337A Expired - Lifetime EP0307961B1 (en) 1987-09-18 1988-09-19 Cleaning device for heat exchangers with tube bundles, particularly for the tube plate and spacer plate area

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US (1) US4844021A (en)
EP (1) EP0307961B1 (en)
DE (2) DE8712637U1 (en)
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Publication number Publication date
DE8712637U1 (en) 1989-01-12
YU107688A (en) 1991-02-28
US4844021A (en) 1989-07-04
DE3861447D1 (en) 1991-02-07
EP0307961A1 (en) 1989-03-22

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