EP0301935B1 - Highly sensitive electromagnetic tripping device and production thereof - Google Patents
Highly sensitive electromagnetic tripping device and production thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0301935B1 EP0301935B1 EP19880401806 EP88401806A EP0301935B1 EP 0301935 B1 EP0301935 B1 EP 0301935B1 EP 19880401806 EP19880401806 EP 19880401806 EP 88401806 A EP88401806 A EP 88401806A EP 0301935 B1 EP0301935 B1 EP 0301935B1
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- Prior art keywords
- microns
- nickel
- armature
- polar
- magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
- H01H50/163—Details concerning air-gaps, e.g. anti-remanence, damping, anti-corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
- H01H71/327—Manufacturing or calibrating methods, e.g. air gap treatments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high sensitivity electromagnetic trip device, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Triggers of the kind mentioned must be reliable and operate at thresholds independent of ambient conditions, in particular humid heat, which can cause corrosion between iron and nickel forming iron oxides and hydroxides which lead either to untimely triggering or to sticking of the pallet.
- High sensitivity trip units are generally incorporated in personal protection switches or circuit breakers and any malfunction is intolerable.
- Document FR-A-2.412.159 discloses a method for producing a high-sensitivity trigger having the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1, in which at least one of the pole surfaces is coated with a layer of '' a thickness less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m producing a lubricating effect and avoiding any wear by friction. This layer coats the weak asperities which can no longer break, but it does not provide protection against corrosion.
- document FR-A-2,412,159 disclosed a high sensitivity trigger having the characteristics of the preamble of claim 7.
- the object of the present invention is to allow the production of a high sensitivity trigger with correct operation in humid heat and this object is achieved by implementing the features of claim 1.
- the polar surface of the frame and that of the pallet receive the same finish, in this case a mechanical treatment, for example of polishing with suitable tools or abrasive materials, revealing a surface condition with a roughness 0.03 ⁇ Ra ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m and thereafter a protective coating with a thickness close to or less than 1 ⁇ m, which keeps the peaks and the profile at 0.03 ⁇ Ra ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the good behavior of the triggers according to the invention comes on the one hand from the point contacts between the two pole surfaces via the peaks of the surfaces (and not through zones) and, on the other hand through the protective coating which prevents any initiation or extension of local corrosion likely to occur at the points of contact of the two pole surfaces.
- the small air gap is retained as well as the high sensitivity.
- the protective coating can be made of different materials and can be obtained in different ways. In all cases, it must be thin, homogeneous, almost non-porous, clean and adherent.
- the polar surface is covered with a nickel oxide compound which can be obtained by electrolytic polishing, the latter leading to a nickel enrichment of the surface, which oxidizes in presence of air, or by physical or chemical deposition under vacuum of nickel, of a thickness less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m, which oxidizes in the same way.
- a nickel oxide compound which can be obtained by electrolytic polishing, the latter leading to a nickel enrichment of the surface, which oxidizes in presence of air, or by physical or chemical deposition under vacuum of nickel, of a thickness less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m, which oxidizes in the same way.
- Document DE-A-2,541,392 describes an electromagnet with a plunger core, the polar guide surfaces of the core and the surface of the core being coated with a layer of nickel or chromium resistant to corrosion and wear .
- the thickness of the layer is 15 ⁇ m.
- the protective layer can be a nitride, in particular a titanium nitride, a carbide, a boride, amorphous carbon or a metal of groups IB, IVB, VIB AND VIII of the periodic table of the elements, in particular chromium and titanium.
- the deposition is carried out by standard physical or chemical processes under vacuum, which provide clean deposits of homogeneous and very thin thickness, advantageously between 0.2 and 0.9 ⁇ m. Chromium and titanium nitride are particularly suitable.
- the greatest of the elementary depths of roughness R max is less than 6 ⁇ m so as to avoid peaks that are too tapered and pointed, the sides of which are insufficiently protected and the coating of the tip of which may crack.
- the invention also relates to the high sensitivity trigger produced by the method described above.
- an electromagnetic trip device comprises a magnetic frame 1 in the form of U, made of an iron nickel alloy and a permanent magnet 2 in the form of a parallelepiped bar, placed between the branches 3, 4 of the frame 1, one of the poles 5,6 of which is attached to the base 7 of the U of the frame 1.
- a movable pallet 8 also made of an iron-nickel alloy, is placed opposite the pole ends 9, 10 of the armature 1 and of the pole 6 of the magnet 2 and is pivotally mounted around the edge 11 of the arm 3 of frame 1.
- a return spring 12 biases the pallet 8 in the pivoted position for separating the frame 1, in which the pole surface 14 of the pallet 8 opposite the pole surface 10 of the frame 1 is separated from the latter.
- Pallet 8 can take two positions of stable equilibrium. In one, shown in Figure 1, it is bonded by the pole surface 14, on the pole surface 10 of the armature 1, by the magnetic flux 13 generated by the permanent magnet 2. In the other position shown in FIG. 2, the pole surface 14 is moved away from the pole surface 10, by the force of the spring 12.
- a coil 16 is wound on the branch 4 of the armature 1 to generate a magnetic flux 15 opposite to the flux 13 of the permanent magnet in the branch 4 when it is traversed by an electric current.
- the pallet 8 takes off from the end 10 of the branch 4 under the action of the spring 12.
- the polar surface 14 of the pallet 8 and the polar surface 10 of the frame 1 undergo the same treatment to obtain a surface having peaks 18 and valleys 19, the contact between the two surfaces 10,14 effected by the peaks 18 in the manner shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
- the pole surface 9 of the armature and the associated pole surface of the pallet 8 advantageously undergo the same treatment.
- the roughness coefficient Ra which is the average height of the profile above and below the average line, according to standard NF E05-015, is greater than or equal to 0.03 ⁇ m and less than 0.5 ⁇ m. This roughness is obtained during the mechanical polishing of the polar surfaces 10, 14 and it is perfectly defined and reproducible.
- the polished surfaces 10,14 then receive a thin protective coating such as a layer of nickel oxide, nitride, carbide, boride, amorphous carbon or a metal of the groups IB, IVB, VIB or VIII, of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
- the nickel oxide layer can result from a surface enrichment of nickel in the polar surface, for example by a deposit of small thickness, less than 1 micron of nickel. This nickel oxidizes to form a chemically stable nickel oxide.
- Nickel enrichment can be obtained by electrolytic polishing which preferentially dissolves iron and leaves a surface with increased nickel content over a few atomic layers, which oxidizes in air.
- the deposition of nickel or other protective materials is carried out by physical or chemical processes under vacuum (Physical Vapor Deposition or Chemical Vapor Deposition) well known to specialists and which it is unnecessary to describe.
- the protective layer with a thickness of less than 1 ⁇ m is homogeneous and it forms, in combination with the above-mentioned roughness, a barrier against corrosion. Good results have been obtained with a layer of titanium nitride or chromium, but the other aforementioned materials are also suitable. It is important that the two pole surfaces 10,14 are treated in the same way.
- the thickness of the layer is between 0.2 and 0.9 ⁇ m and the maximum amplitude of the peaks R max is less than 6 ⁇ m.
- Figure 4 illustrates the surface condition on an enlarged scale.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Description
L'invention est relative à un procédé de fabrication d'un déclencheur électromagnétique à haute sensibilité, selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high sensitivity electromagnetic trip device, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Les déclencheurs du genre mentionné doivent être fiables et fonctionner à des seuils indépendants des conditions ambiantes, notamment d'une chaleur humide, qui peut être à l'origine d'une corrosion entre le fer et le nickel formant des oxydes et des hydroxydes de fer qui conduisent, soit au déclenchement intempestif, soit au collage de la palette. Les déclencheurs à haute sensibilité sont généralement incorporés à des interrupteurs ou disjoncteurs différentiels de protection des personnes et tout mauvais fonctionnement est intolérable.Triggers of the kind mentioned must be reliable and operate at thresholds independent of ambient conditions, in particular humid heat, which can cause corrosion between iron and nickel forming iron oxides and hydroxides which lead either to untimely triggering or to sticking of the pallet. High sensitivity trip units are generally incorporated in personal protection switches or circuit breakers and any malfunction is intolerable.
Il a déjà été proposé de revêtir les surfaces polaires d'une couche protectrice, notamment en matière synthétique ou en des métaux nobles, mais ces couches sont, soit trop épaisses et réduisent la sensibilité du déclencheur, soit trop minces et en présence d'humidité, un couple est crée soit entre le substrat et le revêtement, soit entre le fer et le nickel du substrat. On utilise généralement des surfaces polaires polies pour réduire au maximum l'entrefer entre les surfaces parfaitement lisses mais la tenue à la chaleur humide n'est pas améliorée, bien au contraire. Lorsque l'entrefer est faible, les surfaces polaires sont en contact à certains endroits par l'intermédiaire de surfaces ou zones, ces zones sont mal aérées, aussi lorsque la vapeur d'eau se condense, dans ces zones l'eau stagne et favorise la formation de corrosion. Cette corrosion se généralise sur toute la zone, entraînant le collage du relais.It has already been proposed to coat the polar surfaces with a protective layer, in particular of synthetic material or of noble metals, but these layers are either too thick and reduce the sensitivity of the trigger, or too thin and in the presence of moisture. , a couple is created either between the substrate and the coating, or between the iron and the nickel of the substrate. Polished polar surfaces are generally used to minimize the air gap between perfectly smooth surfaces, but the resistance to moist heat is not improved, on the contrary. When the air gap is small, the polar surfaces are in contact in certain places via surfaces or zones, these zones are poorly ventilated, also when the water vapor condenses, in these zones the water stagnates and favors corrosion formation. This corrosion spreads over the entire area, causing the relay to stick.
Le document FR-A-2.412.159 a fait connaître un procédé de réalisation d'un déclencheur à haute sensibilité ayant les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 1, dans lequel au moins l'une des surfaces polaires est revêtue d'une couche d'une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 1 µm produisant un effet de graissage et évitant toute usure par frottement. Cette couche enrobe les faibles aspérités qui ne peuvent plus se rompre, mais elle n'assure pas une protection contre la corrosion.Document FR-A-2.412.159 discloses a method for producing a high-sensitivity trigger having the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1, in which at least one of the pole surfaces is coated with a layer of '' a thickness less than or equal to 1 µm producing a lubricating effect and avoiding any wear by friction. This layer coats the weak asperities which can no longer break, but it does not provide protection against corrosion.
De même, le document FR-A-2.412.159 a fait connaître un déclencheur à haute sensibilité ayant les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 7.Likewise, document FR-A-2,412,159 disclosed a high sensitivity trigger having the characteristics of the preamble of
La présente invention a pour but de permettre la réalisation d'un déclencheur à haute sensibilité et à fonctionnement correct en chaleur humide et ce but est atteint par la mise en oeuvre des caractéristiques de la revendication 1.The object of the present invention is to allow the production of a high sensitivity trigger with correct operation in humid heat and this object is achieved by implementing the features of claim 1.
La surface polaire de l'armature et celle de la palette recoivent la même finition, en l'occurrence un traitement mécanique, par exemple de polissage avec des outils ou matériaux abrasifs appropriés, faisant apparaître un état de surface d'une rugosité 0,03 ≦ Ra ≦ 0,5 µm et par la suite un revêtement protecteur d'une épaisseur voisine ou inférieure à 1 µm, qui conserve les pics et le profil à 0,03 ≦ Ra ≦ 0,5 µm. La bonne tenue des déclencheurs selon l'invention provient d'une part des contacts ponctuels entre les deux surfaces polaires par l'intermédiaire des pics des surfaces (et non par l'intermédiaire de zones) et, d'autre part par le revêtement protecteur qui empêche toute initiation ou extension de la corrosion locale susceptible de se produire aux points de contacts des deux surfaces polaires. Le faible entrefer est conservé ainsi que la haute sensibilité.The polar surface of the frame and that of the pallet receive the same finish, in this case a mechanical treatment, for example of polishing with suitable tools or abrasive materials, revealing a surface condition with a roughness 0.03 ≦ Ra ≦ 0.5 µm and thereafter a protective coating with a thickness close to or less than 1 µm, which keeps the peaks and the profile at 0.03 ≦ Ra ≦ 0.5 µm. The good behavior of the triggers according to the invention comes on the one hand from the point contacts between the two pole surfaces via the peaks of the surfaces (and not through zones) and, on the other hand through the protective coating which prevents any initiation or extension of local corrosion likely to occur at the points of contact of the two pole surfaces. The small air gap is retained as well as the high sensitivity.
Le revêtement protecteur peut être en différents matériaux et être obtenu de différentes manières. Dans tous les cas, il doit être mince, homogène, quasi non poreux, propre et adhérent.The protective coating can be made of different materials and can be obtained in different ways. In all cases, it must be thin, homogeneous, almost non-porous, clean and adherent.
Selon un premier mode de mise en oeuvre, la surface polaire est recouverte d'un composé d'oxyde de nickel qui peut être obtenu par un polissage électrolytique, celui-ci conduisant à un enrichissement en nickel de la surface, laquelle s'oxyde en présence de l'air, ou par un dépôt physique ou chimique sous vide de nickel, d'une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 1 µm, qui s'oxyde de la même manière.According to a first embodiment, the polar surface is covered with a nickel oxide compound which can be obtained by electrolytic polishing, the latter leading to a nickel enrichment of the surface, which oxidizes in presence of air, or by physical or chemical deposition under vacuum of nickel, of a thickness less than or equal to 1 µm, which oxidizes in the same way.
Le document DE-A-2.541.392 décrit un électro-aimant à noyau plongeur dont les surfaces polaires de guidage du noyau et la surface du noyau sont revêtues d'une couche de nickel ou de chrome résistant à la corrosion et à l'usure. L'épaisseur de la couche est de 15 µm.Document DE-A-2,541,392 describes an electromagnet with a plunger core, the polar guide surfaces of the core and the surface of the core being coated with a layer of nickel or chromium resistant to corrosion and wear . The thickness of the layer is 15 µm.
La couche protectrice peut être un nitrure, notamment un nitrure de titane, un carbure, un borure, du carbone amorphe ou un métal des groupes IB, IVB, VIB ET VIII de la classification périodique des éléments, notamment le chrome et le titane. Le dépôt est réalisé par les procédés standard physiques ou chimiques sous vide, qui fournissent des dépôts propres à épaisseur homogène et très mince, avantageusement comprise entre 0,2 et 0,9 µm. Le chrome et le nitrure de titane sont particulièrement appropriés. Selon l'invention la plus grande des profondeurs élémentaires de rugosité R max est inférieure à 6 µm de façon à éviter des pics trop effilés et pointus, dont les flancs seraient insuffisamment protégés et dont le revêtement de la pointe risque de se fissurer.The protective layer can be a nitride, in particular a titanium nitride, a carbide, a boride, amorphous carbon or a metal of groups IB, IVB, VIB AND VIII of the periodic table of the elements, in particular chromium and titanium. The deposition is carried out by standard physical or chemical processes under vacuum, which provide clean deposits of homogeneous and very thin thickness, advantageously between 0.2 and 0.9 μm. Chromium and titanium nitride are particularly suitable. According to the invention, the greatest of the elementary depths of roughness R max is less than 6 μm so as to avoid peaks that are too tapered and pointed, the sides of which are insufficiently protected and the coating of the tip of which may crack.
L'invention est également relative au déclencheur à haute sensibilité réalisé selon le procédé décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to the high sensitivity trigger produced by the method described above.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre, d'un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté au dessin annexé, dans lequels:
- les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues schématiques d'un déclencheur selon l'invention représenté respectivement en position d'attraction et en position de déclenchement,
- la figure 3 est une vue à échelle agrandie des surfaces polaires au contact.
- la figure 4 représente le profil d'une surface polaire,
- Figures 1 and 2 are schematic views of a trigger according to the invention represented respectively in position of attraction and in position of release,
- Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the pole surfaces in contact.
- FIG. 4 represents the profile of a polar surface,
L'invention est décrite par la suite comme étant appliquée à un déclencheur faisant l'objet du brevet français no2520164, mais il est clair qu'elle est applicable à des déclencheurs de structure différente, notamment du genre décrit dans le brevet français 2261614.The invention is described below as being applied to a release by the French patent No. 2520164 object, but it is clear that it is applicable to triggers different structure, especially of the type described in French Patent 2261614 .
Sur les figures 1 et 2, un déclencheur électromagnétique comprend une armature magnétique 1 en forme d'U, faite d'un alliage fer nickel et un aimant permanent 2 en forme de barreau parallélépipèdique, placé entre les branches 3,4 de l'armature 1, dont l'un des pôles 5,6 est accolé à la base 7 du U de l'armature 1.In FIGS. 1 and 2, an electromagnetic trip device comprises a magnetic frame 1 in the form of U, made of an iron nickel alloy and a permanent magnet 2 in the form of a parallelepiped bar, placed between the branches 3, 4 of the frame 1, one of the
Une palette mobile 8, également en un alliage fer-nickel, est placée en regard des extrémités polaires 9,10 de l'armature 1 et du pôle 6 de l'aimant 2 et est montée à pivotement autour de l'arête 11 de la branche 3 de l'armature 1.A
Un ressort de rappel 12 sollicite la palette 8 en position pivotée de séparation de l'armature 1, dans laquelle la surface polaire 14 de la palette 8 en regard de la surface polaire 10 de l'armature 1 est séparée de celle-ci. La palette 8 peut prendre deux positions d'équilibre stable. Dans l'une, représentée à la figure 1, elle est collée par la surface polaire 14, sur la surface polaire 10 de l'armature 1, par le flux magnétique 13 engendré par l'aimant permanent 2. Dans l'autre position représentée à la figure 2, la surface polaire 14 est écartée de la surface polaire 10, par la force du ressort 12.A
Une bobine 16 est enroulée sur la branche 4 de l'armature 1 pour engendrer un flux magnétique 15 opposé au flux 13 de l'aimant permanent dans la branche 4 lorsqu'elle est parcourue par un courant électrique. Lorsque le flux 13 de l'aimant 2 est réduit ou annulé par le flux 15 de la bobine 16, la palette 8 décolle de l'extrémité 10 de la branche 4 sous l'action du ressort 12.A
Un tel déclencheur et son fonctionnement sont bien connus par l'homme de métier.Such a trigger and its operation are well known to those skilled in the art.
Selon la présente invention, la surface polaire 14 de la palette 8 et la surface polaire 10 de l'armature 1, subissent le même traitement pour obtenir une surface ayant des pics 18 et des vallées 19, le contact entre les deux surfaces 10,14 s'effectuant par les pics 18 de la manière schématiquement représentée à la figure 3. La surface polaire 9 de l'armature et la surface polaire associée de la palette 8 subissent avantageusement le même traitement. Le coefficient de rugosité Ra, qui est la hauteur moyenne du profil au-dessus et au-dessous de la ligne moyenne, selon la norme NF E05-015, est supérieur ou égal à 0,03 µm et inférieur à 0,5 µm. Cette rugosité est obtenue lors du polissage mécanique des surfaces polaires 10,14 et elle est parfaitement définie et reproductible. Les surfaces polies 10,14 reçoivent ensuite un revêtement protecteur de faible épaisseur tel qu'une couche d'oxyde de nickel, d'un nitrure, d'un carbure, d'un borure, de carbone amorphe ou d'un métal des groupes IB, IVB, VIB ou VIII , de la classification périodique des éléments. La couche d'oxyde de nickel peut résulter d'un enrichissement superficiel en nickel de la surface polaire, par exemple par un dépôt de faible épaisseur, inférieure à 1 micron de nickel. Ce nickel s'oxyde pour former un oxyde de nickel chimiquement stable. L'enrichissement en nickel peut être obtenu par un polissage électrolytique qui dissout préférentiellement le fer et laisse subsister une surface à teneur de nickel accrue sur quelques couches atomiques, qui s'oxyde à l'air.According to the present invention, the
Le dépôt du nickel ou des autres matériaux protecteurs est effectué par des procédés physiques ou chimiques sous vide (Physical Vapor Déposition ou Chemical Vapor Déposition) bien connus des spécialistes et qu'il est inutile de décrire. La couche protectrice d'une épaisseur inférieure à 1 µm est homogène et elle forme, en combinaison avec la rugosité précitée, une barrière contre la corrosion. De bons résultats ont été obtenus avec une couche de nitrure de titane ou de chrome mais les autres matériaux précités conviennent également. Il est important que les deux surfaces polaires 10,14 soient traîtées de la même manière. Dans le cas d'un dépôt sous vide, l'épaisseur de la couche est comprise entre 0,2 et 0,9 µm et l'amplitude maximale des pics R max est inférieure à 6 µm. La figure 4 illustre l'état de surface à échelle agrandie.The deposition of nickel or other protective materials is carried out by physical or chemical processes under vacuum (Physical Vapor Deposition or Chemical Vapor Deposition) well known to specialists and which it is unnecessary to describe. The protective layer with a thickness of less than 1 μm is homogeneous and it forms, in combination with the above-mentioned roughness, a barrier against corrosion. Good results have been obtained with a layer of titanium nitride or chromium, but the other aforementioned materials are also suitable. It is important that the two
Claims (10)
- A manufacturing process of a high-sensitivity trip device, notably for an earth leakage protection switch, having a magnetic circuit, polarized by a permanent magnet (2) and bearing a control coil (16), said magnetic circuit comprising a stationary armature (1) and a movable blade (8), each having a polar surface (10, 14) coming together in the attraction position of the blade by the armature, process according to which said polar surfaces (10, 14) are coated by a protection layer of a thickness of less than or equal to 1 micron, characterized in that said magnetic circuit is made of an iron-nickel alloy and that the polar surface (10) of the armature (1) and the polar surface (14) of the blade (8) are subjected in the same way to a surface finishing to obtain a coefficient of roughness Ra greater than or equal to 0,03 microns and lower than 0,5 microns, Ra being the mean height of the profile above and below the middle line, to ensure a point contact by means of the peaks (18) between the two surfaces, and to avoid in combination with said protection layer any corrosion in damp heat.
- The process according to claim 1, characterized in that said surface finishing is a mechanical polishing of the polar surfaces (10, 14).
- The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protective layer coating is obtained by electrolytic polishing of the polar surfaces leading to a nickel enrichment of the surfaces, said nickel oxidizing to form a protective layer of nickel oxide, and in that the coefficient of roughness is greater than or equal to 0,15 microns and less than 0,5 microns.
- The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protective layer of nickel oxide is obtained by a vacuum deposition of nickel.
- The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protective layer of a thickness comprised between 0,2 and 0,9 microns is formed by a nitride, a carbide, a boride, amorphous carbon or a metal of groups IB, IVB, VIB and VIII of the periodic classification of elements, and is deposited by a physical of chemical process in a vacuum, the greatest elementary depth of roughness being less than 6 microns.
- The process according to claim 5, characterized in that the protective layer is of titanium nitride or chromium.
- A high-sensitivity trip device, notably for an earth leakage protection switch, having a magnetic circuit, polarized by a permanent magnet (2) and bearing a control coil (16), said magnetic circuit comprising a stationary armature (1) and a movable blade (8), each having a polar surface (10, 14) coming together in the attraction position of the blade by the armature and comprising a corrosion protection coating of a thickness less than or equal to 1 micron, characterized in that the magnetic circuit is made of an iron-nickel alloy and that the polar surfaces (10, 14) of the armature (1) and of the blade (8), treated in the same way, present a coefficient of roughness Ra greater than or equal to 0,03 microns and less than 0,5 microns.
- The trip device according to claim 7, characterized in that the protective coating is a layer of nickel oxide obtained by electrolytic polishing.
- The trip device according to claim 7, characterized in that the protective coating is a nitride, carbide, boride, amorphous carbon or metal of groups IB, IVB, VIB and VIII of the periodic classification of elements, and is vacuum deposited.
- The trip device according to claim 9, characterized in that the protective coating is titanium nitride orchromium of a thickness comprised between 0,2 and 0,9 microns.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8710720 | 1987-07-28 | ||
| FR8710720A FR2618941B1 (en) | 1987-07-28 | 1987-07-28 | HIGH SENSITIVITY ELECTROMAGNETIC TRIGGER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0301935A1 EP0301935A1 (en) | 1989-02-01 |
| EP0301935B1 true EP0301935B1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
Family
ID=9353666
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19880401806 Expired - Lifetime EP0301935B1 (en) | 1987-07-28 | 1988-07-11 | Highly sensitive electromagnetic tripping device and production thereof |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0301935B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2888838B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1022002C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3882099T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2043867T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2618941B1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4118177C2 (en) * | 1991-06-03 | 1996-11-28 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Permanent magnetic residual current release |
| FR2697670B1 (en) * | 1992-11-04 | 1994-12-02 | Merlin Gerin | Relay constituting a mechanical actuator to trip a circuit breaker or a differential switch. |
| FR2754933B1 (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-11-27 | Schneider Electric Sa | ELECTROMAGNETIC TRIGGER RELAY WITH AMORPHOUS CARBON COATING, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| DE10222552A1 (en) * | 2000-11-23 | 2003-11-27 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Electrical trip switch mechanism comprises permanent magnets set into a coil former that respond to overload or short circuit current |
| DE10210826A1 (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-09-25 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Tripping device for a residual current circuit breaker and method for its production |
| BRPI0600680C1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2008-04-22 | Oscar Rolando Avila Cusicanqui | improvement introduced in electric switch |
| FR2943171B1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2011-04-08 | Hager Electro Sas | ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR WITH FLOW DERIVATION |
| FR2988216B1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2014-04-25 | Hager Electro Sas | ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR WITH CONTROLLED IMPEDANCE |
| DE102012102431B4 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2019-11-07 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Circuit breaker |
| DE102012009665B4 (en) * | 2012-05-12 | 2022-04-07 | Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH | Electrical release relay for a switch, in particular for a circuit breaker for monitoring electrical networks |
| FR3020895B1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2016-06-24 | Aperam | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MAGNETIC PIECES OF A DIFFERENTIAL RELAY COMPRISING SURFACE TREATMENT BY MICROBILING |
| CN113793785A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-14 | 乐清拓优电气有限公司 | Tripping device of residual current circuit breaker |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1400286A (en) * | 1964-07-07 | 1965-05-21 | Siemens Ag | Retaining solenoid acting as a release in electrical devices |
| FR2261614A1 (en) * | 1974-02-14 | 1975-09-12 | Gardy Ste Francaise | High sensitivity mechanical relay or contact breaker - for use in differential switching circuits |
| DE2541392B2 (en) * | 1975-09-17 | 1977-09-29 | Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, 20O0 Hamburg | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AN ELECTROMAGNET WITH A MAGNETIC ARMOR |
| JPS5427362A (en) * | 1977-08-03 | 1979-03-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Semiconductor device |
| DE2755645B2 (en) * | 1977-12-14 | 1980-02-07 | Schutzapparate-Gesellschaft Paris + Co Mbh Kg, 5885 Schalksmuehle | Electromagnetic release, in particular holding magnet release for residual current circuit breakers |
| JPS56103821A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-08-19 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Electric contact |
| JPS6168822A (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1986-04-09 | 株式会社東芝 | Electromagnetic contactor |
| JPS61160850A (en) * | 1985-01-08 | 1986-07-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical disk |
-
1987
- 1987-07-28 FR FR8710720A patent/FR2618941B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-07-11 DE DE19883882099 patent/DE3882099T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-07-11 ES ES88401806T patent/ES2043867T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-11 EP EP19880401806 patent/EP0301935B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-20 JP JP63181439A patent/JP2888838B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-27 CN CN 88104668 patent/CN1022002C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1022002C (en) | 1993-09-01 |
| DE3882099T2 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
| JPH01117225A (en) | 1989-05-10 |
| FR2618941B1 (en) | 1995-01-06 |
| EP0301935A1 (en) | 1989-02-01 |
| DE3882099D1 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
| FR2618941A1 (en) | 1989-02-03 |
| ES2043867T3 (en) | 1994-01-01 |
| JP2888838B2 (en) | 1999-05-10 |
| CN1031000A (en) | 1989-02-08 |
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