EP0290303A1 - Production method and casing for the panel end sealing of a trench wall - Google Patents

Production method and casing for the panel end sealing of a trench wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0290303A1
EP0290303A1 EP88400795A EP88400795A EP0290303A1 EP 0290303 A1 EP0290303 A1 EP 0290303A1 EP 88400795 A EP88400795 A EP 88400795A EP 88400795 A EP88400795 A EP 88400795A EP 0290303 A1 EP0290303 A1 EP 0290303A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
trench
sheet
thin material
coating
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP88400795A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Pierre Schreiber
François Vahl
André Ponsada
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Soletanche SA
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Soletanche SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Soletanche SA filed Critical Soletanche SA
Publication of EP0290303A1 publication Critical patent/EP0290303A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/182—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ using formworks to separate sections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a production method and a formwork for an end joint of a wall panel molded into the ground, and more particularly to such a method in which a trench is dug, a formwork is placed at its end, concretes the trench and extracts the formwork.
  • the trench is generally dug under bentonite mud.
  • a formwork is immersed in the mud which is placed at the end of the trench. Concrete is then poured to replace the mud, the concrete therefore coming into contact with the formwork.
  • a new trench is dug adjacent to the first on the other side of the formwork, generally using it to guide the perforating machine.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
  • the invention firstly relates to a process for producing an end joint of a wall panel molded in the ground in which a trench is dug, a formwork is placed at its end, and concrete is placed. the trench, and the formwork is extracted, characterized in that prior to concreting the trench, the face of the formwork is coated on the concrete side with a thin material capable of being abandoned in the trench, and that the formwork substantially vertically.
  • a sheet material capable of being folded is used as the thin material, and this sheet is kept on the formwork by folding its edges over the edges of the formwork.
  • a sheet of magnetic material is used as the thin material, and this sheet is held on the formwork using electromagnets.
  • a sheet of relatively airtight material is used as the thin material, and this sheet is held on the formwork using suction cups.
  • a sheet material is used as the thin material, and this sheet is fixed to the formwork using means of low mechanical resistance, such as welding spots or dowels, likely to break during extraction of the formwork.
  • the invention also relates to an end formwork for the implementation of the method as described above, characterized in that it comprises, on its face concrete side, a thin coating capable of being abandoned in the trench.
  • this formwork comprises, for the maintenance of said coating, electromagnets or suction cups.
  • the covering is fixed to the formwork using means of low mechanical resistance.
  • a formwork comprising a groove in which an inflatable seal is engaged, the coating then being held on the formwork at least partially by its wedging in said groove using said inflatable seal.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the known steps consisting in digging a trench 1 in the ground, most often under bentonite mud, in placing at the end of this trench a formwork 2a, 2b, 2c, for example provided with a seal 3 of the so-called "water-stop" type, for concreting the trench 1, for digging a second 1 ⁇ trench on the other side of the trench 1, and for extracting the formwork.
  • the extraction of the formwork had to be carried out, either before the concrete of the trench 1 had completely set in order to avoid too great adhesion, but this imposed a delay very short between the concreting of the trench 1 and the extraction of the formwork, or to have means allowing a lateral displacement of the formwork towards the trench 1 ⁇ in order to ensure its detachment from the concrete of the trench 1.
  • the forms 2a, 2b and 2c comprise a sole 4 on which are fixed two watertight boxes 5 delimiting between them a longitudinal groove 6.
  • the seals 3 comprise an inflatable core 7 supporting two wings side 8 (figure 1). One of the lateral wings 8 is engaged in the groove 6, as well as at least partially the core 7. The seal 3 is held between the two boxes 5 by inflation of the core 7.
  • the face of the formwork facing the concrete side of the trench 1 is coated with thin sheets 9a, 9b, 9c, capable of being abandoned in the trench during the extraction of the formwork.
  • the sheets 9a are made of magnetic material, for example galvanized steel, and are held on the formwork during the positioning of the latter by electromagnets 10.
  • the sheets 9b are made of a relatively airtight material such as metal or a synthetic material, and are held on the formwork 2b by suction cups 11.
  • the suction cups 11 are arranged in holes formed in the walls of the boxes 5, and include a support grid 12 preventing the puncture of the sheets 9b, and an O-ring seal 13 at the periphery of this grid. Means, not shown, make it possible to create a vacuum in the boxes 5 so as to press the sheets 9b against the external walls of the formwork.
  • the sheets 9c are made of a material capable of being folded, and are fixed to the formwork 2c by folding their edges 14 around the lateral edge of the sole 4, and their edges 15 inside the groove 6 where they are blocked due to the inflation of the core of the seal 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for producing an end joint of a panel of a wall cast in the ground, in which a trench (1) is dug, a formwork (2a) is arranged at its end, the trench is concreted and the formwork is extracted. Before the concreting of the trench, the face of the formwork on the concrete side is covered with a thin material (9a) which can be left in the trench, and the formwork is extracted substantially vertically. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de réalisation et un coffrage pour un joint d'extrémité de panneau de paroi moulée dans le sol, et plus particulièrement un tel procédé dans lequel on creuse une tranchée, on dispose un coffrage à son extrémité, on bétonne la tranchée et on extrait le coffrage.The present invention relates to a production method and a formwork for an end joint of a wall panel molded into the ground, and more particularly to such a method in which a trench is dug, a formwork is placed at its end, concretes the trench and extracts the formwork.

Dans ces procédés, la tranchée est généralement creusée sous boue bentonitique. Une fois la tranchée creusée, on immerge dans la boue un coffrage que l'on place à l'extrémité de la tranchée. Du béton est ensuite coulé pour remplacer la boue, le béton venant donc au contact du coffrage. Lorsque le béton a fait prise, on creuse une nouvelle tranchée adjacente à la première de l'autre côté du coffrage, en utilisant généralement celui-ci pour guider l'engin de perforation.In these methods, the trench is generally dug under bentonite mud. Once the trench is dug, a formwork is immersed in the mud which is placed at the end of the trench. Concrete is then poured to replace the mud, the concrete therefore coming into contact with the formwork. When the concrete has set, a new trench is dug adjacent to the first on the other side of the formwork, generally using it to guide the perforating machine.

Le problème qui se pose alors est celui de l'extraction du coffrage. En effet, le coffrage adhère fortement au béton de sorte qu'il est nécessaire de le décoller préalablement à son extraction. Ce décollement est généralement effectué par un déplacement latéral à l'aide de vérins ou de coins. Ces dispositifs présentent toutefois l'inconvénient d'être complexes et d'immobiliser le chantier.The problem which then arises was that of extracting the formwork. Indeed, the formwork strongly adheres to the concrete so that it is necessary to remove it before its extraction. This detachment is generally carried out by a lateral displacement using jacks or wedges. However, these devices have the drawback of being complex and of immobilizing the site.

La présente invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients.The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.

A cet effet, l'invention a tout d'abord pour objet un procédé de réalisation d'un joint d'extrémité de panneau de paroi moulée dans le sol dans lequel on creuse une tranchée, on dispose un coffrage à son extrémité, on bétonne la tranchée, et on extrait le coffrage, caractérisé par le fait que préalablement au bétonnage de la tranchée, on revêt la face du coffrage côté béton d'un matériau mince susceptible d'être abandonné dans la tranchée, et que l'on extrait le coffrage sensiblement verticalement.To this end, the invention firstly relates to a process for producing an end joint of a wall panel molded in the ground in which a trench is dug, a formwork is placed at its end, and concrete is placed. the trench, and the formwork is extracted, characterized in that prior to concreting the trench, the face of the formwork is coated on the concrete side with a thin material capable of being abandoned in the trench, and that the formwork substantially vertically.

Le problème de l'adhérence du coffrage au béton est par conséquent résolu par le fait que l'on interpose entre le coffrage proprement dit et le béton, un matériau destiné à être abandonné dans la tranchée. La liaison entre ce revêtement et le coffrage étant prévue soit très faible, soit telle qu'elle peut être totalement supprimée une fois le coffrage mis en place, l'effort d'extraction de ce coffrage est ainsi pratiquement limité à son seul poids.The problem of the adhesion of the formwork to concrete is therefore resolved by the fact that there is interposed between the formwork itself and concrete, a material intended to be abandoned in the trench. The connection between this coating and the formwork being provided is very weak, or such that it can be completely eliminated once the formwork is in place, the effort of extraction of this formwork is thus practically limited to its only weight.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation, on utilise comme matériau mince un matériau en feuille susceptible d'être plié, et l'on maintient cette feuille sur le coffrage par repliement de ses bords sur les arêtes du coffrage.In a first embodiment, a sheet material capable of being folded is used as the thin material, and this sheet is kept on the formwork by folding its edges over the edges of the formwork.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, on utilise comme matériau mince une feuille en matériau magnétique, et l'on maintient cette feuille sur le coffrage à l'aide d'électro-aimants.According to another embodiment, a sheet of magnetic material is used as the thin material, and this sheet is held on the formwork using electromagnets.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation, on utilise comme matériau mince une feuille en matériau relativement étanche à l'air, et l'on maintient cette feuille sur le coffrage à l'aide de ventouses.According to yet another embodiment, a sheet of relatively airtight material is used as the thin material, and this sheet is held on the formwork using suction cups.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation, on utilise comme matériau mince, un matériau en feuille, et l'on fixe cette feuille sur le coffrage à l'aide de moyens de faible résistance mécanique, tels que des points de soudure ou des chevilles, susceptibles de se rompre lors de l'extraction du coffrage.According to yet another embodiment, a sheet material is used as the thin material, and this sheet is fixed to the formwork using means of low mechanical resistance, such as welding spots or dowels, likely to break during extraction of the formwork.

L'invention a également pour objet un coffrage d'extrémité pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé tel que décrit ci-dessus, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte, sur sa face côté béton, un revêtement mince susceptible d'être abandonné dans la tranchée.The invention also relates to an end formwork for the implementation of the method as described above, characterized in that it comprises, on its face concrete side, a thin coating capable of being abandoned in the trench.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, ce coffrage comprend, pour le maintien dudit revêtement, des électro-aimants ou des ventouses.In a particular embodiment of the invention, this formwork comprises, for the maintenance of said coating, electromagnets or suction cups.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le revêtement est fixé sur le coffrage à l'aide de moyens de faible résistance mécanique.In another embodiment, the covering is fixed to the formwork using means of low mechanical resistance.

Il est également possible de prévoir un coffrage comportant une rainure dans laquelle est engagé un joint d'étanchéité gonflable, le revêtement étant alors maintenu sur le coffrage au moins partiellement par son coincement dans ladite rainure à l'aide dudit joint gonflable.It is also possible to provide a formwork comprising a groove in which an inflatable seal is engaged, the coating then being held on the formwork at least partially by its wedging in said groove using said inflatable seal.

On décrira maintenant à titre d'exemples non limitatifs des modes de réalisation particuliers de l'invention en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés dans lesquels :

  • Les figures 1 à 3 représentent trois modes de réalisation de l'invention.
There will now be described, by way of nonlimiting examples, particular embodiments of the invention with reference to the appended schematic drawings in which:
  • Figures 1 to 3 show three embodiments of the invention.

D'une manière générale, le procédé selon l'invention comprend les étapes connues consistant à creuser dans le sol une tranchée 1, le plus souvent sous boue bentonitique, à disposer à l'extrémité de cette tranchée un coffrage 2a, 2b, 2c, par exemple muni d'un joint d'étanchéité 3 du type dit "water-stop", à bétonner la tranchée 1, à creuser de l'autre côté de la tranchée 1 par rapport au coffrage une deuxième tranchée 1ʹ, et à extraire le coffrage.In general, the method according to the invention comprises the known steps consisting in digging a trench 1 in the ground, most often under bentonite mud, in placing at the end of this trench a formwork 2a, 2b, 2c, for example provided with a seal 3 of the so-called "water-stop" type, for concreting the trench 1, for digging a second 1ʹ trench on the other side of the trench 1, and for extracting the formwork.

Dans les procédés connus, l'extraction du coffrage devait être effectuée, soit avant que le béton de la tranchée 1 ait totalement fait prise afin d'éviter une trop grande adhérence, mais ceci imposait un délai très court entre le bétonnage de la tranchée 1 et l'extraction du coffrage, soit à disposer de moyens permettant un déplacement latéral du coffrage vers la tranchée 1ʹ afin d'assurer son décollement du béton de la tranchée 1.In the known methods, the extraction of the formwork had to be carried out, either before the concrete of the trench 1 had completely set in order to avoid too great adhesion, but this imposed a delay very short between the concreting of the trench 1 and the extraction of the formwork, or to have means allowing a lateral displacement of the formwork towards the trench 1ʹ in order to ensure its detachment from the concrete of the trench 1.

Dans les modes de réalisation représentés aux dessins, les coffrages 2a, 2b et 2c comportent une semelle 4 sur laquelle sont fixés deux caissons étanches 5 délimitant entre eux une rainure longitudinale 6. Les joints d'étanchéité 3 comprennent une âme gonflable 7 supportant deux ailes latérales 8 (figure 1). L'une des ailes latérales 8 est engagée dans la rainure 6, de même qu'au moins partiellement l'âme 7. Le joint 3 est maintenu entre les deux caissons 5 par gonflage de l'âme 7.In the embodiments shown in the drawings, the forms 2a, 2b and 2c comprise a sole 4 on which are fixed two watertight boxes 5 delimiting between them a longitudinal groove 6. The seals 3 comprise an inflatable core 7 supporting two wings side 8 (figure 1). One of the lateral wings 8 is engaged in the groove 6, as well as at least partially the core 7. The seal 3 is held between the two boxes 5 by inflation of the core 7.

Selon l'invention, la face du coffrage tournée du côté du béton de la tranchée 1 est revêtue de feuilles minces 9a, 9b, 9c, susceptibles d'être abandonnées dans la tranchée lors de l'extraction du coffrage.According to the invention, the face of the formwork facing the concrete side of the trench 1 is coated with thin sheets 9a, 9b, 9c, capable of being abandoned in the trench during the extraction of the formwork.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, les feuilles 9a sont réalisées en matériau magnétique, par exemple en acier galvanisé, et sont maintenues sur le coffrage pendant la mise en place de ce dernier par des électro-aimants 10.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the sheets 9a are made of magnetic material, for example galvanized steel, and are held on the formwork during the positioning of the latter by electromagnets 10.

Dans le cas de la figure 2, les feuilles 9b sont réalisées dans un matériau relativement étanche à l'air tel que du métal ou un matériau synthétique, et sont maintenues sur le coffrage 2b par des ventouses 11. Les ventouses 11 sont disposées dans des trous formés dans les parois des caissons 5, et comprennent une grille de support 12 évitant la crevaison des feuilles 9b, et un joint torique d'étanchéité 13 à la périphérie de cette grille. Des moyens, non représentés, permettent de faire le vide dans les caissons 5 de manière à plaquer les feuilles 9b contre les parois extérieures du coffrage.In the case of Figure 2, the sheets 9b are made of a relatively airtight material such as metal or a synthetic material, and are held on the formwork 2b by suction cups 11. The suction cups 11 are arranged in holes formed in the walls of the boxes 5, and include a support grid 12 preventing the puncture of the sheets 9b, and an O-ring seal 13 at the periphery of this grid. Means, not shown, make it possible to create a vacuum in the boxes 5 so as to press the sheets 9b against the external walls of the formwork.

Dans le cas de la figure 3, les feuilles 9c sont réalisées dans un matériau susceptible d'être plié, et sont fixées sur le coffrage 2c par repliement de leurs bords 14 autour de l'arête latérale de la semelle 4, et de leurs bords 15 à l'intérieur de la rainure 6 où ils sont bloqués du fait du gonflage de l'âme du joint d'étanchéité 3.In the case of FIG. 3, the sheets 9c are made of a material capable of being folded, and are fixed to the formwork 2c by folding their edges 14 around the lateral edge of the sole 4, and their edges 15 inside the groove 6 where they are blocked due to the inflation of the core of the seal 3.

Il suffit par conséquent, lorsque l'on souhaite extraire le coffrage de la tranchée, d'interrompre l'alimentation des électro-aimants 10 dans le cas de la figure 1, d'interrompre l'aspiration de l'air dans les caissons 5 dans le cas de la figure 2, et de dégonfler le joint gonflable dans le cas de la figure 3. Le revêtement 9a, 9b et 9c est alors désolidarisé du coffrage proprement dit, qui peut ainsi être extrait verticalement du fait qu'il ne présente aucune adhérence vis-à-vis du béton de la tranchée 1.It therefore suffices, when it is desired to extract the formwork from the trench, to interrupt the supply of the electromagnets 10 in the case of FIG. 1, to interrupt the aspiration of the air in the boxes 5 in the case of FIG. 2, and to deflate the inflatable joint in the case of FIG. 3. The covering 9a, 9b and 9c is then separated from the formwork proper, which can thus be extracted vertically because it has no adhesion to the concrete in trench 1.

Diverses variantes et modifications peuvent bien entendu être apportées à la description qui précède sans sortir pour autant du cadre ni de l'esprit de l'invention.Various variants and modifications can of course be made to the above description without departing from the scope or the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. Procédé de réalisation d'un joint d'extrémité de panneau de paroi moulée dans le sol, dans lequel on creuse une tranchée (1), on dispose un coffrage (2a ; 2b ; 2c) à son extrémité, on bétonne la tranchée, et on extrait le coffrage, caractérisé par le fait que, préalablement au bétonnage de la tranchée, on revêt la face du coffrage côté béton d'un matériau mince (9a ; 9b ; 9c) susceptible d'être abandonné dans la tranchée, et que l'on extrait le coffrage sensiblement verticalement en abandonnant ledit matériau mince dans la tranchée, le coffrage glissant lors de son extraction le long du matériau mince.1. Method for producing an end joint of a wall panel molded in the ground, in which a trench (1) is dug, a formwork (2a; 2b; 2c) is placed at its end, the trench is concreted , and the formwork is extracted, characterized in that, before concreting the trench, the face of the formwork is coated on the concrete side with a thin material (9a; 9b; 9c) capable of being abandoned in the trench, and that the formwork is extracted substantially vertically by leaving said thin material in the trench, the formwork sliding during its extraction along the thin material. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'on utilise, comme matériau mince, un matériau en feuille susceptible d'être plié (9c), et que l'lon maintient cette feuille sur le coffrage par repliement de ses bords sur les arêtes du coffrage.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one uses, as thin material, a sheet material capable of being folded (9c), and that the lon maintains this sheet on the formwork by folding its edges on the edges of the formwork. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'on utilise, comme matériau mince, une feuille en matériau magnétique (9a), et que l'on maintient cette feuille sur le coffrage à l'aide d'électro-aimants (10).3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one uses, as thin material, a sheet of magnetic material (9a), and that this sheet is maintained on the formwork using electro- magnets (10). 4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'on utilise, comme matériau mince, une feuille (9b) en matériau relativement étanche à l'air, et que l'on maintient cette feuille sur le coffrage à l'aide de ventouses (11).4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one uses, as thin material, a sheet (9b) of relatively airtight material, and that this sheet is kept on the formwork using suction cups (11). 5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'on utilise, comme matériau mince, un matériau en feuille, et que l'on fixe cette feuille sur le coffrage à l'aide de moyens de faible résistance mécanique, tels que des points de soudures ou des chevilles susceptibles de se rompre lors de l'extraction du coffrage.5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a sheet material is used as the thin material, and that this sheet is fixed to the formwork using means of low mechanical resistance, such as only weld points or dowels liable to break during extraction of the formwork. 6. Coffrage d'extrémité pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte, sur sa face côté béton, un revêtement mince (9a ; 9b ; 9c) susceptible d'être abandonné dans la tranchée.6. End formwork for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises, on its face concrete side, a thin coating (9a; 9b; 9c) capable to be abandoned in the trench. 7. Coffrage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend des électro-aimants (10) pour le maintien dudit revêtement.7. Formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises electromagnets (10) for maintaining said coating. 8. Coffrage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend des ventouses (11) pour le maintien dudit revêtement.8. Formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises suction cups (11) for maintaining said coating. 9. Coffrage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que ledit revêtement est fixé sur le coffrage à l'aide de moyens de faible résistance mécanique.9. Formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that said coating is fixed to the formwork using means of low mechanical strength. 10. Coffrage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une rainure (6) dans laquelle est engagé un joint d'étanchéité gonflable (3), ledit revêtement étant maintenu sur le coffrage au moins partiellement par son coincement dans ladite rainure à l'aide dudit joint gonflable.10. Formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a groove (6) in which is engaged a seal inflatable seal (3), said coating being held on the formwork at least partially by its wedging in said groove using said inflatable seal.
EP88400795A 1987-04-03 1988-04-01 Production method and casing for the panel end sealing of a trench wall Withdrawn EP0290303A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8704710 1987-04-03
FR8704710A FR2613395B1 (en) 1987-04-03 1987-04-03 METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND FORMWORK FOR END JOINT OF MOLDED WALL PANEL

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EP0290303A1 true EP0290303A1 (en) 1988-11-09

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JP (1) JPS6414419A (en)
DE (1) DE290303T1 (en)
FR (1) FR2613395B1 (en)

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US20130255180A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2013-10-03 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Shuttering element for a trench wall and method for producing the trench wall
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WO2019158901A1 (en) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-22 Ccmj Systems Ltd Shear key former apparatus and method(s)
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EP0580264A1 (en) * 1992-07-24 1994-01-26 Beheersmaatschappij Verstraeten B.V. Method for providing deep partition walls in the ground and an excavating apparatus for use in this method
KR20030016030A (en) * 2001-08-20 2003-02-26 삼보건설기계 주식회사 Method of construction and sealing device for ground concrete work
US9371623B2 (en) 2011-07-14 2016-06-21 Ccmj Systems Ltd Diaphragm wall apparatus and methods
US20130255180A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2013-10-03 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Shuttering element for a trench wall and method for producing the trench wall
US8820015B2 (en) * 2012-04-03 2014-09-02 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Shuttering element for a trench wall and method for producing the trench wall
US10988911B2 (en) 2017-04-26 2021-04-27 Ccmj Systems Ltd Diaphragm walls
WO2019158901A1 (en) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-22 Ccmj Systems Ltd Shear key former apparatus and method(s)
US11225769B2 (en) 2018-02-15 2022-01-18 Ccmj Systems Ltd Shear key former apparatus and method(s)

Also Published As

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FR2613395A1 (en) 1988-10-07
FR2613395B1 (en) 1991-06-07
JPS6414419A (en) 1989-01-18
DE290303T1 (en) 1989-06-01
JPH0435569B2 (en) 1992-06-11

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