EP0277449A1 - Multihull boat - Google Patents

Multihull boat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277449A1
EP0277449A1 EP87420032A EP87420032A EP0277449A1 EP 0277449 A1 EP0277449 A1 EP 0277449A1 EP 87420032 A EP87420032 A EP 87420032A EP 87420032 A EP87420032 A EP 87420032A EP 0277449 A1 EP0277449 A1 EP 0277449A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hulls
central
boat
boat according
lateral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP87420032A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Tollet
Bernard Martin
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to FR8512429A priority Critical patent/FR2586001B1/en
Priority to CA000528371A priority patent/CA1327731C/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP87420032A priority patent/EP0277449A1/en
Priority to AU68591/87A priority patent/AU6859187A/en
Publication of EP0277449A1 publication Critical patent/EP0277449A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/26Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type having more than one hydrofoil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B15/0083Masts for sailing ships or boats
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B63B2001/126Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls comprising more than three hulls
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B2015/0016Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction
    • B63B2015/005Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction with means for varying mast position or orientation with respect to the hull

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a boat with several hulls, such as a sailing boat intended for fast cruising, or a cruising motor boat or intended for professional use.
  • the most common boats are monohulls, which have the advantage of being simple to make, of being solid, but which are relatively slow and, in the case of sailboats, sail with a large list affecting the comfort of the passengers.
  • a trimaran has a main central hull and two lateral floats generally shorter than the central hull and of a volume much smaller than this. Only the central hull is habitable, which limits the possibilities of fitting out such a boat. In practice, the boat sails on two floats, namely the central hull and the leeward float. A trimaran allows a faster navigation than a monohull, flatter than this one, but with risks of charging the float downwind.
  • a catamaran has two identical hulls joined by link arms. It is a high-performance boat, whose speed is slightly higher than that of a trimaran with bearing gaits, but less important upwind, and allowing flat navigation in the case of a sailboat.
  • Catamarans have, however, the drawback of requiring very careful construction, in particular because of the stresses which the connecting arms undergo, one of which supports the mast.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks, by providing an efficient, safe boat, and allowing comfortable interior fittings.
  • the boat it concerns includes four hulls parallel, of which the two central shells have a length different from that of the two lateral shells, the rear ends of the four shells being situated substantially in the same plane.
  • the central hulls have a length less than that of the lateral hulls.
  • the central hulls have a length greater than that of the side hulls.
  • This arrangement and in particular the arrangement of the various hulls ensure: - a damping of the effect of charging the hulls into the waves, the reaction of a wave on the central hulls occurring at a time different from that of the reaction on the side hulls, - a reduction in the effect of "striking" of the waves under the nacelle located in the central part of the boat, - a reduction in dunnage, since the central hulls are protected from the effects of the wind by the side hulls.
  • this arrangement allows, taking into account the buoyancy of the four hulls, a reduction in the draft, which can be of a value of 0.40 to 0.60 meters while the draft of a corresponding catamaran is 0.8 to 1 meter.
  • the connections between them are easier to make, which allows the structure to be lightened with the possibility of dismantling the link arms.
  • each hull being equipped with a rudder, these can be of small surface, taking into account that the directional effort is very reduced. Finally, in the event of deterioration of a hull, the boat can continue to sail in perfect safety on the other three hulls, these safety conditions can be further improved by compartmentalizing the different hulls using watertight bulkheads.
  • the draft of the central hulls is substantially the same as that of the lateral hulls.
  • the central hulls are more tapered than the lateral hulls.
  • This arrangement makes it possible, in combination with the directional effect provided by the four hulls, not to equip the boat with daggerboards, all of the hulls ensuring perfect directional stability.
  • the link arms are used for mounting hydrofoil wings whose supports are vertical and profiled.
  • a hydrofoil wing is disposed between the two central hulls near the front end of the latter and two hydrofoil wings are arranged in the two lateral corridors delimited by the central hulls and the side hulls, in the rear center part of the boat.
  • the hulls delimit corridors constituting water circulation paths reinforcing the effect of the hydrofoil wings.
  • the location of the wings between the shells ensures their protection against impacts due to foreign bodies.
  • the four hulls are connected at least in the central and rear part of the boat, by nacelles arranged above the waterline, connecting, on the one hand, the two central hulls and, on the other share, each central hull and the corresponding lateral hull, the central nacelle containing the cockpit and the saloon, the central hulls forming passageways serving the cabins which are arranged in the lateral nacelles, and the lateral hulls forming the technical zones containing the engines, generator, fuel and water tanks.
  • Such an arrangement is extremely comfortable for the user by allowing him to move around in the central hulls while benefiting from a large height under beam, and by reporting nuisances, such as engine noise and fuel odors in uninhabited areas. formed by the side shells.
  • this boat comprises at least one mast whose foot is mounted on its base with a double articulation allowing its inclination in two planes, respectively, a longitudinal plane and a transverse plane.
  • the latitude of pivoting of the mast backwards is 10 ° with respect to the vertical, while the latitude of pivoting of the mast laterally is 23 ° on either side of the vertical.
  • the double inclination of the mast is adjusted during the navigation period, the mast being inclined on the windward side, this inclination being all the more important as the force of the wind increases.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a lifting effect of the sail which will promote the lightening of the hulls, to lower the center of thrust, making it possible to reduce the risks of capsizing and to delay the reduction of sail.
  • the boat shown in Figures 1 to 4, comprises four hulls, namely two side hulls 2 and two central hulls 3 parallel to each other.
  • the two central hulls 3 have a length less than that of the lateral hulls 2 , the rear ends of the four hulls being situated in the same plane and the front ends of the central hulls being situated behind the front ends of the side shells.
  • the four shells are assembled by a number of crosspieces or link arms 4 , the two of which are located furthest forward are shown in the drawing.
  • the four hulls are fitted, at their rear end, with a rudder 5 , each rudder being of reduced dimensions taking into account the fact that the directional force is distributed over four elements.
  • the two central hulls 3 are joined by a nacelle 6 disposed above the waterline, while each central hull 3 is connected to a lateral hull 2 by a nacelle 7 also located above the waterline.
  • the nacelle 6 contains the cockpit 8 and the saloon 9 , while cabins 10 are arranged in the lateral nacelles, with access by the central hulls 3 , the interior of which forms passageways 12 .
  • the link arms between the different hulls are also used for mounting hydrofoil wings 13 .
  • a wing 13 is disposed near the front end of the two central hulls 3 inside the corridor delimited by these, and two hydrofoil wings 13 are arranged in the two corridors delimited by a central hull and a lateral hull, towards the back of the boat.
  • a mast 14 is placed on a connecting arm between the two central shells 3 .
  • This mast is mounted on its base with a double articulation allowing both its lateral tilting at an angle ⁇ from 0 to 23 ° relative to the vertical, as shown in Figure 3 and a tilting backwards at an angle ⁇ between 0 and 10 ° from the vertical.
  • the mast is inclined to the wind of the boat, the inclination being all the more important as the wind is strong.
  • This boat could be equipped not with a mast, but with two masts arranged in parallel, the bases of which would be located at the places shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment of this boat, which is constituted not by a sailboat, but by a motor boat intended for the transport of passengers.
  • this boat in which the same elements are designated by the same references as in the previous embodiment, the central hulls 3 are shorter than the side hulls 2 .
  • the boats described above could have a different structure, the central hulls being longer than the side hulls, or these boats could be used for other uses, such as fishing, for example, without that we go out within the scope of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

This boat comprises four parallel hulls, the two central hulls (3) of which have a different length from that of the two side hulls (2), the rear ends of the four hulls being situated substantially in the same plane. Application to the production of fast-moving boats. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un bateau à plusieurs coques, tel qu'un bateau à voile destiné à la croisière rapide, ou un bateau à moteur de croisière ou destiné à un usage professionnel.The present invention relates to a boat with several hulls, such as a sailing boat intended for fast cruising, or a cruising motor boat or intended for professional use.

Il existe plusieurs grands types de bateaux. Les bateaux les plus courants sont les monocoques, qui présentent l'avantage d'être simples à réaliser, d'être solides, mais qui sont relativement lents et, dans le cas de voiliers, naviguent avec une gîte importante nuisant au confort des passagers.There are several major types of boats. The most common boats are monohulls, which have the advantage of being simple to make, of being solid, but which are relatively slow and, in the case of sailboats, sail with a large list affecting the comfort of the passengers.

Il existe également des bateaux multicoques, trimarans ou cata­marans, comportant, respectivement, trois et deux coques.There are also multihull, trimaran or catamaran boats, with three and two hulls respectively.

Un trimaran possède une coque centrale principale et deux flotteurs latéraux généralement plus courts que la coque centrale et d'un volume très inférieur à celle-ci. Seule la coque centrale est habi­table, ce qui limite les possibilités d'aménagement d'un tel bateau. En pratique, le bateau navigue sur deux flotteurs, à savoir la coque centrale et le flotteur sous le vent. Un trimaran permet une navigation plus rapide qu'un monocoque, plus à plat que celui-ci, mais avec des risques d'enfournement du flotteur sous le vent.A trimaran has a main central hull and two lateral floats generally shorter than the central hull and of a volume much smaller than this. Only the central hull is habitable, which limits the possibilities of fitting out such a boat. In practice, the boat sails on two floats, namely the central hull and the leeward float. A trimaran allows a faster navigation than a monohull, flatter than this one, but with risks of charging the float downwind.

Un catamaran possède deux coques identiques réunies par des bras de liaison. Il s'agit d'une embarcation performante, dont la rapidité est légèrement supérieure à celle d'un trimaran aux allures portantes, mais moins importante au près, et permettant une navigation à plat dans le cas d'un voilier. Les catamarans présentent, toutefois, l'inconvé­nient de nécessiter une construction très soignée, notamment en raison des contraintes que subissent les bras de liaison, dont l'un d'eux supporte le mât.A catamaran has two identical hulls joined by link arms. It is a high-performance boat, whose speed is slightly higher than that of a trimaran with bearing gaits, but less important upwind, and allowing flat navigation in the case of a sailboat. Catamarans have, however, the drawback of requiring very careful construction, in particular because of the stresses which the connecting arms undergo, one of which supports the mast.

D'un point de vue pratique, un catamaran est difficile à amé­nager puisque seules sont véritablement habitables les deux coques, éloignées l'une de l'autre, qui peuvent être éventuellement réunies par une nacelle où est aménagé le carré. Enfin, les catamarans sont des embarcations dont la sécurité est moyenne, les risques de retournement sous l'effet du vent où sous l'action d'une vague n'étant pas négligeables.From a practical point of view, a catamaran is difficult to fit out since only the two hulls, distant from each other, are truly habitable, which can possibly be joined by a nacelle where the saloon is fitted out. Finally, catamarans are boats with average safety, the risk of overturning under the effect of the wind or under the action of a wave is not negligible.

La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients, en fournissant un bateau performant, sûr, et permettant un aménagement intérieur confortable.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks, by providing an efficient, safe boat, and allowing comfortable interior fittings.

A cet effet, le bateau qu'elle concerne comprend quatre coques parallèles, dont les deux coques centrales ont une longueur différente de celle des deux coques latérales, les extrémités postérieures des quatre coques étant situées sensiblement dans le même plan.For this purpose, the boat it concerns includes four hulls parallel, of which the two central shells have a length different from that of the two lateral shells, the rear ends of the four shells being situated substantially in the same plane.

Selon une première possibilité, les coques centrales ont une longueur inférieure à celle des coques latérales.According to a first possibility, the central hulls have a length less than that of the lateral hulls.

Selon une autre possibilité, les coques centrales ont une longueur supérieure à celle des coques latérales.Alternatively, the central hulls have a length greater than that of the side hulls.

Cet agencement et notamment la disposition des différentes coques, assurent:
    - un amortissement de l'effet d'enfournement des coques dans les vagues, la réaction d'une vague sur les coques centrales se produisant à un moment différent de celui de la réaction sur les coques latérales,
    - une diminution de l'effet de "frappe" des vagues sous la nacelle disposée en partie centrale du bateau,
    - une diminution du fardage, puisque les coques centrales sont protégées des effets du vent par les coques latérales.
This arrangement and in particular the arrangement of the various hulls, ensure:
- a damping of the effect of charging the hulls into the waves, the reaction of a wave on the central hulls occurring at a time different from that of the reaction on the side hulls,
- a reduction in the effect of "striking" of the waves under the nacelle located in the central part of the boat,
- a reduction in dunnage, since the central hulls are protected from the effects of the wind by the side hulls.

En outre, cet agencement permet, compte tenu de la flottabilité des quatre coques, une réduction du tirant d'eau, qui peut être d'une valeur de 0,40 à 0,60 mètre alors que le tirant d'eau d'un catamaran correspondant est de 0,8 à 1 mètre.In addition, this arrangement allows, taking into account the buoyancy of the four hulls, a reduction in the draft, which can be of a value of 0.40 to 0.60 meters while the draft of a corresponding catamaran is 0.8 to 1 meter.

L'espacement entre les coques étant moindre que sur les multi­coques connus, les liaisons entre celles-ci sont plus faciles à réaliser, ce qui permet un allègement de la structure avec possibilité de démon­tage des bras de liaison.As the spacing between the hulls is less than on known multihulls, the connections between them are easier to make, which allows the structure to be lightened with the possibility of dismantling the link arms.

Les efforts de poussée du vent se font sur trois coques, ce qui permet au bateau de naviguer parfaitement à plat, limitant les risques d'enfournement dans les vagues et améliorant le confort des passagers. Cette navigation à plat combinée au faible tirant d'eau, permet un léger dérapage du bateau sur une houle de travers, évitant les risques de chavi­rage, et retardant par rapport à un multicoque traditionnel, le moment de réduction de la voilure lorsque la force du vent augmente.The wind thrust efforts are made on three hulls, which allows the boat to navigate perfectly flat, limiting the risk of being stuck in the waves and improving passenger comfort. This flat navigation combined with the shallow draft allows a slight skidding of the boat on a swell, avoiding the risk of capsizing, and delaying compared to a traditional multihull, the moment of reduction of the sail when the strength of the wind increases.

Chaque coque étant équipée d'un safran, ceux-ci peuvent être de faible surface, compte tenu que l'effort directionnel est très réduit. Enfin, en cas de détérioration d'une coque, le bateau peut continuer à naviguer en parfaite sécurité sur les trois autres coques, ces conditions de sécurité pouvant encore être améliorées en compartimentant les différentes coques à l'aide de cloisons étanches.Each hull being equipped with a rudder, these can be of small surface, taking into account that the directional effort is very reduced. Finally, in the event of deterioration of a hull, the boat can continue to sail in perfect safety on the other three hulls, these safety conditions can be further improved by compartmentalizing the different hulls using watertight bulkheads.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le tirant d'eau des coques centrales est sensiblement le même que celui des coques latérales.According to a characteristic of the invention, the draft of the central hulls is substantially the same as that of the lateral hulls.

Selon une autre caractéristique, les coques centrales sont plus effilées que les coques latérales.According to another characteristic, the central hulls are more tapered than the lateral hulls.

Cet agencement permet, en combinaison avec l'effet directionnel procuré par les quatre coques, de ne pas équiper le bateau de dérives, l'ensemble des coques assurant une parfaite stabilité directionnelle.This arrangement makes it possible, in combination with the directional effect provided by the four hulls, not to equip the boat with daggerboards, all of the hulls ensuring perfect directional stability.

Avantageusement, les bras de liaison servent au montage d'ailes hydroptères dont les supports sont verticaux et profilés.Advantageously, the link arms are used for mounting hydrofoil wings whose supports are vertical and profiled.

Selon une forme préférée d'exécution de ce bateau, une aile hydroptère est disposée entre les deux coques centrales à proximité de l'extrémité avant de celles-ci et deux ailes hydroptères sont disposées dans les deux couloirs latéraux délimités par les coques centrales et les coques latérales, dans la partie centrale arrière du bateau.According to a preferred embodiment of this boat, a hydrofoil wing is disposed between the two central hulls near the front end of the latter and two hydrofoil wings are arranged in the two lateral corridors delimited by the central hulls and the side hulls, in the rear center part of the boat.

Il est à noter que les coques délimitent des couloirs constituant des voies de circulation d'eau renforçant l'effet des ailes hydroptères. En outre, la localisation des ailes entre les coques assure leur protection vis-à-vis des chocs dus à des corps étrangers. Ces ailes sont avantageuse­ment montées de façon réglable verticalement sur leur support.It should be noted that the hulls delimit corridors constituting water circulation paths reinforcing the effect of the hydrofoil wings. In addition, the location of the wings between the shells ensures their protection against impacts due to foreign bodies. These wings are advantageously mounted vertically adjustable on their support.

Il est intéressant de pouvoir régler la position des ailes, afin de l'adapter aux conditions de navigation, force du vent et état de la mer, en vue de leur permettre de faire déjauger les coques du bateau aussi rapidement que possible.It is interesting to be able to adjust the position of the wings, in order to adapt it to the sailing conditions, wind strength and sea state, in order to allow them to have the hulls of the boat trimmed as quickly as possible.

Conformément à une possibilité, les quatre coques sont reliées au moins dans la partie centrale et arrière du bateau, par des nacelles disposées au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison, reliant, d'une part, les deux coques centrales et, d'autre part, chaque coque centrale et la coque latérale correspondante, la nacelle centrale contenant le cockpit et le carré, les coques centrales formant des coursives desservant les cabines qui sont aménagées dans les nacelles latérales, et les coques latérales formant les zones techniques contenant les moteurs, groupe électrogène, réservoirs de carburant et d'eau.According to one possibility, the four hulls are connected at least in the central and rear part of the boat, by nacelles arranged above the waterline, connecting, on the one hand, the two central hulls and, on the other share, each central hull and the corresponding lateral hull, the central nacelle containing the cockpit and the saloon, the central hulls forming passageways serving the cabins which are arranged in the lateral nacelles, and the lateral hulls forming the technical zones containing the engines, generator, fuel and water tanks.

Un tel aménagement est extrêmement confortable pour l'utilisa­teur en lui permettant de se déplacer dans les coques centrales en bénéfi­ciant d'une hauteur sous barrot importante, et en reportant les nuisances, telles que bruit de moteur et odeurs de carburant dans des zones non habitées constituées par les coques latérales.Such an arrangement is extremely comfortable for the user by allowing him to move around in the central hulls while benefiting from a large height under beam, and by reporting nuisances, such as engine noise and fuel odors in uninhabited areas. formed by the side shells.

Dans le cas d'un voilier, ce bateau comprend au moins un mât dont le pied est monté sur son embase avec une double articulation permettant son inclinaison dans deux plans, respectivement, un plan longitudinal et un plan transversal.In the case of a sailboat, this boat comprises at least one mast whose foot is mounted on its base with a double articulation allowing its inclination in two planes, respectively, a longitudinal plane and a transverse plane.

La latitude de pivotement du mât vers l'arrière est de 10° par rapport à la verticale, tandis que la latitude de pivotement du mât latéralement est de 23° de part et d'autre de la verticale.The latitude of pivoting of the mast backwards is 10 ° with respect to the vertical, while the latitude of pivoting of the mast laterally is 23 ° on either side of the vertical.

En pratique, la double inclinaison du mât est réglée en période de navigation, le mât étant incliné du côté au vent, cette inclinaison étant d'autant plus importante que la force du vent augmente.In practice, the double inclination of the mast is adjusted during the navigation period, the mast being inclined on the windward side, this inclination being all the more important as the force of the wind increases.

Cet agencement permet d'obtenir un effet sustentateur de la voile qui va favoriser l'allègement des coques, de rabaisser le centre de poussée, permettant de réduire les risques de chavirage et de retarder la réduction de voilure.This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a lifting effect of the sail which will promote the lightening of the hulls, to lower the center of thrust, making it possible to reduce the risks of capsizing and to delay the reduction of sail.

De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé, représen­tant, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, deux formes d'exécution de cette embarcation :

  • Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un voilier ;
  • Figure 2 en est une vue de dessus ;
  • Figures 3 et 4 en sont deux vues, respectivement de face et de côté ;
  • Figures 5 et 6 sont deux vues, en perspective et de face, d'un bateau à moteur.
In any case, the invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing, representing, by way of non-limiting examples, two embodiments of this boat:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a sailboat;
  • Figure 2 is a top view;
  • Figures 3 and 4 are two views, respectively from the front and from the side;
  • Figures 5 and 6 are two views, in perspective and from the front, of a motor boat.

Le bateau, représenté aux figures 1 à 4, comprend quatre coques, à savoir deux coques latérales 2 et deux coques centrales 3 parallèles les unes aux autres.The boat, shown in Figures 1 to 4, comprises four hulls, namely two side hulls 2 and two central hulls 3 parallel to each other.

Comme cela ressort plus particulièrement de la figure 2, les deux coques centrales 3 ont une longueur inférieure à celle des coques latérales 2, les extrémités arrières des quatre coques étant situées dans le même plan et les extrémités avant des coques centrales étant situées en retrait des extrémités avant des coques latérales.As can be seen more particularly in FIG. 2, the two central hulls 3 have a length less than that of the lateral hulls 2 , the rear ends of the four hulls being situated in the same plane and the front ends of the central hulls being situated behind the front ends of the side shells.

Les quatre coques sont assemblées par un certain nombre de traverses ou bras de liaison 4, dont les deux situés les plus en avant sont représentés au dessin. Les quatre coques sont équipées, à leur extré­mité postérieure, d'un safran 5, chaque safran étant de dimensions rédui­tes compte tenu du fait que l'effort directionnel est réparti sur quatre éléments.The four shells are assembled by a number of crosspieces or link arms 4 , the two of which are located furthest forward are shown in the drawing. The four hulls are fitted, at their rear end, with a rudder 5 , each rudder being of reduced dimensions taking into account the fact that the directional force is distributed over four elements.

Les deux coques centrales 3 sont réunies par une nacelle 6 disposée au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison, tandis que chaque coque centrale 3 est reliée à une coque latérale 2 par une nacelle 7 également située au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison.The two central hulls 3 are joined by a nacelle 6 disposed above the waterline, while each central hull 3 is connected to a lateral hull 2 by a nacelle 7 also located above the waterline.

La nacelle 6 contient le cockpit 8 et le carré 9, tandis que des cabines 10 sont aménagées dans les nacelles latérales, avec accès par les coques centrales 3 dont l'intérieur forme des coursives 12.The nacelle 6 contains the cockpit 8 and the saloon 9 , while cabins 10 are arranged in the lateral nacelles, with access by the central hulls 3 , the interior of which forms passageways 12 .

Les bras de liaison entre les différentes coques servent, en outre, au montage d'ailes hydroptères 13. Dans la forme d'exécution représentée au dessin, une aile 13 est disposée à proximité de l'extrémité avant des deux coques centrales 3 à l'intérieur du couloir délimité par celles-ci, et deux ailes hydroptères 13 sont disposées dans les deux cou­loirs délimités par une coque centrale et une coque latérale, vers l'arrière du bateau.The link arms between the different hulls are also used for mounting hydrofoil wings 13 . In the embodiment shown in the drawing, a wing 13 is disposed near the front end of the two central hulls 3 inside the corridor delimited by these, and two hydrofoil wings 13 are arranged in the two corridors delimited by a central hull and a lateral hull, towards the back of the boat.

Dans la forme d'exécution représentée au dessin, un mât 14 est disposé sur un bras de liaison entre les deux coques centrales 3. Ce mât est monté sur son embase avec une double articulation permet­tant à la fois son basculement latéral sous un angle α de 0 à 23° par rapport à la verticale, comme montré à la figure 3 et un basculement vers l'arrière selon un angle β compris entre 0 et 10° par rapport à la verticale.In the embodiment shown in the drawing, a mast 14 is placed on a connecting arm between the two central shells 3 . This mast is mounted on its base with a double articulation allowing both its lateral tilting at an angle α from 0 to 23 ° relative to the vertical, as shown in Figure 3 and a tilting backwards at an angle β between 0 and 10 ° from the vertical.

En pratique, le mât est incliné au vent du bateau, l'inclinaison étant d'autant plus importante que le vent est fort.In practice, the mast is inclined to the wind of the boat, the inclination being all the more important as the wind is strong.

Ce bateau pourrait être équipé non pas d'un mât, mais de deux mâts disposés parallèlement dont les emplantures seraient situées aux endroits représentés en pointillés à la figure 2.This boat could be equipped not with a mast, but with two masts arranged in parallel, the bases of which would be located at the places shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2.

Les figures 5 et 6 représentent une variante d'exécution de cette embarcation, qui est constituée non pas par un voilier, mais par un bateau à moteur destiné au transport de passagers. Dans ce bateau, dans lequel les mêmes éléments sont désignés par les mêmes références que dans la forme d'exécution précédente, les coques centrales 3 sont plus courtes que les coques latérales 2.Figures 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment of this boat, which is constituted not by a sailboat, but by a motor boat intended for the transport of passengers. In this boat, in which the same elements are designated by the same references as in the previous embodiment, the central hulls 3 are shorter than the side hulls 2 .

A titre de variante, les bateaux, décrits précédemment, pour­raient présenter une structure différente, les coques centrales étant plus longues que les coques latérales, ou ces bateaux pourraient servir à d'autres usages, tels qu'à la pêche, par exemple, sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de l'invention.Alternatively, the boats described above could have a different structure, the central hulls being longer than the side hulls, or these boats could be used for other uses, such as fishing, for example, without that we go out within the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. - Bateau, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend quatre coques parallèles, dont les deux coques centrales (3) ont une longueur différente de celle des deux coques latérales (2), les extrémités postérieures des quatre coques étant situées sensiblement dans le même plan.1. - Boat, characterized in that it comprises four parallel hulls, of which the two central hulls (3) have a length different from that of the two lateral hulls (2), the rear ends of the four hulls being located substantially in the same plan. 2. - Bateau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les coques centrales (3) ont une longueur inférieure à celle des coques latérales (2).2. - Boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the central hulls (3) have a length less than that of the side hulls (2). 3. - Bateau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les coques centrales ont une longueur supérieure à celle des coques latérales.3. - Boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the central hulls have a length greater than that of the side hulls. 4. - Bateau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le tirant d'eau des coques centrales (3) est sensible­ment le même que celui des coques latérales (2).4. - Boat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the draft of the central hulls (3) is substantially the same as that of the side hulls (2). 5. - Bateau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les coques centrales (3) sont plus effilées que les coques latérales (2).5. - Boat according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the central hulls (3) are more tapered than the side hulls (2). 6. - Bateau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les bras de liaison servent au montage d'ailes hydroptères (13) dont les supports sont verticaux et profilés.6. - Boat according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the link arms are used for mounting hydrofoil wings (13) whose supports are vertical and profiled. 7. - Bateau selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une aile hydroptère (13) est disposée entre les deux coques centrales (3) à proximité de l'extrémité avant de celles-ci et deux ailes hydroptères sont disposées dans les deux couloirs latéraux délimités par les coques centrales (3) et les coques latérales (2), dans la partie centrale arrière du bateau.7. - Boat according to claim 6, characterized in that a hydrofoil wing (13) is disposed between the two central hulls (3) near the front end thereof and two hydrofoil wings are disposed in the two lateral passages delimited by the central hulls (3) and the lateral hulls (2), in the central rear part of the boat. 8. - Bateau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les quatre coques sont reliées au moins dans la partie centrale et arrière du bateau, par des nacelles (6, 7) disposées au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison, reliant, d'une part, les deux coques centrales (3) et, d'autre part, chaque coque centrale (3) et la coque latérale (2) correspondante, la nacelle centrale (6) contenant le cockpit (8) et le carré (9), les coques centrales (3) formant des coursives (12) desservant les cabines (10) qui sont aménagées dans les nacelles latérales (7), et les coques latérales (2) formant les zones techniques contenant les moteurs, groupe électrogène, réservoirs de carburant et d'eau.8. - boat according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the four hulls are connected at least in the central and rear part of the boat, by nacelles (6, 7) arranged above the line flotation, connecting, on the one hand, the two central hulls (3) and, on the other hand, each central hull (3) and the corresponding lateral hull (2), the central nacelle (6) containing the cockpit (8 ) and the saloon (9), the central hulls (3) forming passageways (12) serving the cabins (10) which are arranged in the side nacelles (7), and the lateral hulls (2) forming the technical zones containing the engines, generator, fuel and water tanks. 9. - Bateau à voile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un mât (14) dont le pied est monté sur son embase avec une double articulation permettant son inclinaison dans deux plans, respectivement, un plan longitudinal et un plan transversal.9. - Sailing boat according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises at least one mast (14) whose foot is mounted on its base with a double articulation allowing its inclination in two planes, respectively, a longitudinal plane and a transverse plane. 10. - Bateau à voile selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la latitude de pivotement du mât (14) vers l'arrière est de 10° par rapport à la verticale.10. - Sailing boat according to claim 9, characterized in that the pivoting latitude of the mast (14) rearward is 10 ° relative to the vertical. 11. - Bateau à voile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce que la latitude de pivotement du mât (14) latéralement est de 23° de part et d'autre de la verticale.11. - Sailing boat according to any one of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the pivoting latitude of the mast (14) laterally is 23 ° on either side of the vertical.
EP87420032A 1985-08-07 1987-02-04 Multihull boat Withdrawn EP0277449A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8512429A FR2586001B1 (en) 1985-08-07 1985-08-07 MULTI-HULL SAILING BOAT
CA000528371A CA1327731C (en) 1987-01-28 1987-01-28 Multiple hull boat
EP87420032A EP0277449A1 (en) 1987-01-28 1987-02-04 Multihull boat
AU68591/87A AU6859187A (en) 1987-01-28 1987-02-06 Multi hull boat

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000528371A CA1327731C (en) 1987-01-28 1987-01-28 Multiple hull boat
EP87420032A EP0277449A1 (en) 1987-01-28 1987-02-04 Multihull boat
AU68591/87A AU6859187A (en) 1987-01-28 1987-02-06 Multi hull boat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0277449A1 true EP0277449A1 (en) 1988-08-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87420032A Withdrawn EP0277449A1 (en) 1985-08-07 1987-02-04 Multihull boat

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EP (1) EP0277449A1 (en)
AU (1) AU6859187A (en)
CA (1) CA1327731C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102923265A (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-02-13 江苏科技大学 Unmanned water-surface cleaning electric triple-hulled vessel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR496006A (en) * 1917-12-15 1919-10-24 Alexandre Zygomalas Ship that cannot be sunk
AU5700673A (en) * 1972-06-26 1974-12-19 BERNARD NORMAN McADAM A boat hull
US3968762A (en) * 1975-08-21 1976-07-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Triple hybrid watercraft
DE2635737A1 (en) * 1976-08-09 1978-02-16 Eisenhardt Geb Rehfeld Jenni Low drag multi-hulled craft - has vertical flow control fins set between hulls to provide stability and laminar flow patterns
FR2498550A1 (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-07-30 Peres Raymond Sailing boat without hulls - uses slender keels together with various inclined horizontal blades promoting planing at set speeds
FR2586001A1 (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-13 Martin Bernard Multi-hulled sailboat

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR496006A (en) * 1917-12-15 1919-10-24 Alexandre Zygomalas Ship that cannot be sunk
AU5700673A (en) * 1972-06-26 1974-12-19 BERNARD NORMAN McADAM A boat hull
US3968762A (en) * 1975-08-21 1976-07-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Triple hybrid watercraft
DE2635737A1 (en) * 1976-08-09 1978-02-16 Eisenhardt Geb Rehfeld Jenni Low drag multi-hulled craft - has vertical flow control fins set between hulls to provide stability and laminar flow patterns
FR2498550A1 (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-07-30 Peres Raymond Sailing boat without hulls - uses slender keels together with various inclined horizontal blades promoting planing at set speeds
FR2586001A1 (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-13 Martin Bernard Multi-hulled sailboat

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102923265A (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-02-13 江苏科技大学 Unmanned water-surface cleaning electric triple-hulled vessel
CN102923265B (en) * 2012-11-28 2015-03-04 江苏科技大学 Unmanned water-surface cleaning electric triple-hulled vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6859187A (en) 1988-08-11
CA1327731C (en) 1994-03-15

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