EP0254058B1 - Arbre à cames pour le réglage des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Arbre à cames pour le réglage des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0254058B1
EP0254058B1 EP87109060A EP87109060A EP0254058B1 EP 0254058 B1 EP0254058 B1 EP 0254058B1 EP 87109060 A EP87109060 A EP 87109060A EP 87109060 A EP87109060 A EP 87109060A EP 0254058 B1 EP0254058 B1 EP 0254058B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
camshaft
inner shaft
shafts
rotatable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87109060A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0254058A3 (en
EP0254058A2 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Peter Günzrodt
Gerhard Graf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sueddeutsche Kolbenbolzenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Sueddeutsche Kolbenbolzenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sueddeutsche Kolbenbolzenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Sueddeutsche Kolbenbolzenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0254058A2 publication Critical patent/EP0254058A2/fr
Publication of EP0254058A3 publication Critical patent/EP0254058A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0254058B1 publication Critical patent/EP0254058B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/34413—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using composite camshafts, e.g. with cams being able to move relative to the camshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
    • F01L2001/0473—Composite camshafts, e.g. with cams or cam sleeve being able to move relative to the inner camshaft or a cam adjusting rod

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a camshaft for controlling the gas inlet and exhaust valves of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a camshaft is known from FR-A-2 426 152.
  • the mutual rotation of the cams takes place via a gear transmission in which the gears continuously rotate relative to one another during engine operation.
  • the object of the invention is to create a camshaft with an adjustment drive, in which, at times when the inner and outer shafts of the camshaft are not to be adjusted relative to one another, the gear wheels of the transmission do not rotate relative to one another but rest relative to one another .
  • the planetary gear adjustment system according to the invention differs from the camshaft with the planetary gear according to DE-A-32 04 841 by its specific structure. While the planetary gear according to that document is in operation when the camshaft is driven in that the individual wheels rotate against each other in this state, this is precisely not the case with the invention. In the invention, the planetary gear is used only to adjust the shafts against each other. On the other hand, the shafts are driven directly onto the shaft via the drive wheel when the planet gears are stationary.
  • the angular position of the control cams controlling the exhaust valves on the one hand and the intake valves on the other hand can be changed in a simple manner relative to one another.
  • the change can be achieved on the one hand by the fact that the angular position can be set to different values when the motor is at rest, or by the fact that the adjusting device is part of a control loop through which the angular position between the control cams which are movable relative to one another depends on the prevailing motor operating data certain specifiable values is regulated.
  • the camshaft consists of a hollow outer shaft 1 and a hollow inner shaft 3 mounted therein via bearings 2.
  • Control cams 5 for either the intake or exhaust valves are shrunk on the outer shaft 1.
  • the control cams 4 for the intake and exhaust valves, which are not actuated by the control cams 5, are rotatably mounted on the outer shaft 1 and are fixedly connected to the inner shaft 3 via a pin 7 projecting through a slot 6 in the outer shaft.
  • Radial bores 8 and 9 are provided in the outer shaft 1 for lubricating the bearings 2 in the annular space between the outer shaft 1 and the inner shaft 3.
  • the bores 9 each lie in areas in which the camshaft is supported by the external shaft 1 on the internal combustion engine, of which it is a component, and serve to admit lubricating oil into the annular space. Through the holes 8, which are outside the bearing areas, the lubricating oil can leave the annular space again.
  • an adjusting device 10 is provided with which the outer and inner shafts 1, 3 can be rotated relative to one another.
  • the adjustment device is constructed as follows: A flange 11 is firmly attached to the end of the outer shaft.
  • the inner shaft 3 projects beyond the end of the outer shaft and the flange 11 connected to it.
  • a disc 12 which is axially spaced from the flange 11.
  • An externally toothed gear 13 is rotatably mounted on the inner shaft between the flange 11 and the disk 12.
  • the camshaft is driven by the crankshaft by means of a toothed belt.
  • three slots 14 are provided in the same circumference on the same circumference. Through these slots 14 engage bolts 15 through which the flange 11 and the washer 12 are non-rotatably connected.
  • the gear 13 serves as a planet carrier for planet gears 16 of a planetary gear.
  • the planet gears 16, which are mounted on bearing journals 17 in the gear 13, are located axially between the gear 13 and the disk 12.
  • the planet gears 16 are driven by a sun gear 18, which is fixedly connected to the inner shaft 3.
  • Radially on the outside, the planetary gears 16 mesh in a ring gear 19 fixedly connected to the disk 12.
  • the flange 11, the gear 13 and the disk 12 can be non-positively connected to the ring 20 via a nut 20 engaging the end of the inner shaft 3. Given by the tightened nut 20 a positive connection of the aforementioned parts, the toothed belt coming from the crankshaft drives the camshaft via the toothed wheel 13, specifically the outer and inner shafts 1, 3 with a rigid connection to one another.
  • the setting device 10 is as follows to operate.
  • the sun gear 18, which is fixedly connected to the inner shaft 3 causes the planetary gears 16 to rotate, which in turn, via the ring gear 19, rotate the disk 12, which is firmly connected to the ring gear 19.
  • the flange 11 fixedly attached to the outer shaft 1 is non-rotatably connected. The outer shaft is thus rotated to the same extent as the disk 12.
  • the choice of the transmission ratio in the planetary gear can determine to what extent the outer shaft is rotated in the opposite direction when the inner shaft is rotated in one direction.
  • the gear ratio can be set so that the inner and outer shafts 3, 1 are adjusted by the same angle of rotation in opposite directions. After mutual rotation of the inner and outer shafts 3, 1, the nut 20 is tightened again when the inner shaft 3 and the locked gear 13 are locked in order to produce a non-positive connection between the parts 11, 13 and 12.
  • the inner shaft 3 is secured against sliding into the outer shaft 1 via an annular disk 22 screwed to it.
  • an electric stepper motor 23 is flanged to the disk 12.
  • the output shaft 24 of this stepper motor is rigidly connected to the inner shaft 3 of the camshaft. If the angular position between the control cams 4 and 5 should remain unchanged during motor operation, the stepper motor is controlled electrically so that it exerts alternating opposite directional control impulses on the inner shaft 3 with the result that with a sufficiently high pulse frequency practically a rigid connection between the outer and inner shaft 1, 3 is given.
  • the stepper motor 23 only has to be controlled so that the output shaft 24 is rotated.
  • the planetary gear which corresponds to that of the adjusting device according to FIGS. 1 and 2, can be used to determine the extent to which the control cams 4, 5 are rotated relative to one another by the fixed transmission ratio.
  • the gear ratio can in particular be chosen such that both types of control cams are adjusted by the same amount in opposite directions.
  • the control current for the stepper motor is fed to it via sliding contacts.
  • the stepper motor can be controlled via parameters dependent on specific motor operating states, as a result of which certain angular positions of the control cams 4, 5 can be set or regulated in relation to specific motor operating conditions.
  • a change in the angular position of the control cams 4, 5 depending on the engine operation is also possible with the adjusting devices to be described below.
  • a hydraulic motor 25 fixedly attached to the internal combustion engine is used.
  • a bolt 27 is rotatably axially fixed.
  • This bolt 27 projects axially into the inner shaft 3, the inner shaft 3 and the bolt 27 being rotatable and displaceable relative to one another.
  • the bolt 27 is at the same time mounted in a flange 28 which is fixedly connected to the disk 12, in which it is longitudinally displaceable but not rotatable.
  • the bolt 27 is secured against rotation by a tongue and groove connection 29 between the bolt 27 and the flange 28.
  • a spindle groove 30 is formed in the bolt 27, into which a ball 31 which is mounted in a fixed manner in the inner shaft 3 engages.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Arbre à cames pour le réglage des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant deux arbres (1, 3) montés de manière tournante concentriquement l'un dans l'autre dont l'un est solidaire des cames (4 et respectivement 5) pour les soupape d'admission et l'autre, des cames (5 et respectivement 4) pour les soupapes d'échappement, l'arbre extérieur (1) présentant des évidements radiaux (6) par lesquels les cames (4) associées à l'arbre intérieur (3) peuvent être solidarisées avec ce dernier, ainsi qu'un dispositif de réglage (10) par lequel les deux arbres (1, 3) peuvent être immobilisés dans des positions tournées l'une par rapport à l'autre, les cames (4) couplées avec l'arbre intérieur (3) étant montées de manière tournante sur l'arbre extérieur (1) lequel est monté dans des paliers fixes de manière tournante et axialement immobile et présente dans le sens circonférentiel des fentes qui sont traversées radialement par des pièces ajustées déplacables dans le sens circonférentiel sur un angle tournant lesquelles assurent l'accouplement des cames radiales montées de manière tournante sur l'arbre extérieur avec l'arbre intérieur, les arbres extérieur et intérieur pouvant être tournés l'un par rapport à l'autre sur un angle de rocation correspond au déplacement circonférentiel prédéterminé des pièces ajustées et bloqués dans n'importe quelle position ainsi réalisable, caractérisé en ce que
    a) une roue de commande (13) montée de manière tournante sur l'arbre intérieur ou extérieur (3, 1) peut être immobilisée en tant que support rotatoire d'un engrenage planétaire dans le sens circonférentiel par rapport aux deux arbres (1, 3),
    b) les pignons satellites (16) montés dans le support rotatoire coopèrent d'une part avec une roue solaire (18) solidarisée avec un premier arbre (1, 3) et, d'autre part, avec une couronne de train planétaire (19) solidaire du second arbre.
  2. Arbre à cames selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la roue de commande (13) est située entre deux barrettes (11, 12) qui peuvent être appliquées par adhérence contre ladite roue de commande et dont l'une peut être couplée de manière rigide avec l'arbre intérieur et l'autre avec l'arbre extérieur (3, 1).
  3. Arbre à cames selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une bride (11) est couplée de manière rigide avec l'arbre extérieur (1) et, au moyen de broches traversant la roue de commande (13) axialement avec jeu dans le sens circonférentiel, de manière rigide en rotation avec un disque (12) qui porte la couronne (19, de l'engrenage planétaire montée sur l'arbre intérieur (3), lequel disque peut être couplé par adhérence avec l'arbre intérieur (3) par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de fixation (20) agissant sur ce dernier.
  4. Arbre à cames selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de fixation est un écrou (20).
  5. Arbre à cames selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de fixation est un moteur pas à pas électrique (23) dont le carter est solidarisé avec le disque (12) et dont l'arbre moteur (24) est couplé de manière rigide avec l'arbre intérieur (3).
  6. Arbre à cames selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moyen de fixation qui présente les particularités suivantes :
    a) une broche (27) munie d'une rainure fusiforme (30) dépasse dans l'arbre intérieur (3),
    b) la broche (27) est montée de manière rigide en rotation mais axialement mobile par rapport au disque (12),
    c) l'arbre intérieur (3) et la broche (27) peuvent être tournés et déplacés longitudinalement l'un par rapport à l'autre,
    d) dans la rainure fusiforme (30) de la broche (27) s'engage une bille (31) montée fixe dans l'arbre intérieur (3),
    e) la broche (27) est montée de manière axialement immobile et tournante sur un poinçon (26) d'un moteur hydraulique monté de façon stationnaire sur le moteur à combustion interne et pouvant être déplacé le long de l'axe de l'arbre à cames,
    f) un ressort de compression (32) agit entre le poinçon (26) et le disque (12),
    g) l'alimentation en pression du moteur hydraulique (25) permet le réglage de la position axiale du poinçon (26).
  7. Arbre à cames selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le moteur pas à pas (23) et respectivement le poinçon (26) du moteur hydraulique (25) peut être commandé en fonction des caractéristiques de fonctionnement du moteur, en particulier de la quantité d'air aspiré.
EP87109060A 1986-07-23 1987-06-24 Arbre à cames pour le réglage des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0254058B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863624827 DE3624827A1 (de) 1986-07-23 1986-07-23 Verstelleinrichtung fuer eine nockenwelle zum steuern der gasein- und auslassventile von verbrennungsmotoren
DE3624827 1986-07-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0254058A2 EP0254058A2 (fr) 1988-01-27
EP0254058A3 EP0254058A3 (en) 1989-08-09
EP0254058B1 true EP0254058B1 (fr) 1992-09-16

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ID=6305751

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87109060A Expired - Lifetime EP0254058B1 (fr) 1986-07-23 1987-06-24 Arbre à cames pour le réglage des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0254058B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3624827A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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JP2014509711A (ja) * 2011-03-30 2014-04-21 ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド 同心カムシャフト位相器ねじり駆動機構
EP2920435B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2016-09-14 Mahle International GmbH Arbre à cames

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JP2014509711A (ja) * 2011-03-30 2014-04-21 ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド 同心カムシャフト位相器ねじり駆動機構
EP2920435B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2016-09-14 Mahle International GmbH Arbre à cames

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DE3624827A1 (de) 1988-02-04
DE3781736D1 (de) 1992-10-22
EP0254058A3 (en) 1989-08-09
EP0254058A2 (fr) 1988-01-27

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