EP0215042A1 - Patronierte munition. - Google Patents
Patronierte munition.Info
- Publication number
- EP0215042A1 EP0215042A1 EP86901398A EP86901398A EP0215042A1 EP 0215042 A1 EP0215042 A1 EP 0215042A1 EP 86901398 A EP86901398 A EP 86901398A EP 86901398 A EP86901398 A EP 86901398A EP 0215042 A1 EP0215042 A1 EP 0215042A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- ammunition
- projectile
- cup
- charge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
- F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
- F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/067—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cartridge ammunition according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a cartridge ammunition for a grenade pistol is known from DE-OS 31 49 430.
- the known ammunition has a cartridge or sleeve made of metal, for example aluminum, with which the grenade body or the projectile is crimped.
- Primer charge and propellant charge are arranged in a cup-shaped propellant charge cartridge that is screwed into the bottom of the sleeve. After the propellant charge has been ignited, radially arranged outlet openings allow the propellant charge gases to spread out into the interior of the sleeve and to apply propellant gas pressure to the rear of the storey.
- cartridge case ammunition is preferably made of plastic and, since crimping is not possible, it must be connected to the projectile body, which is usually made of metal, by means of an adhesive connection.
- Adhesive bonds have the disadvantage that, despite careful coordination and monitoring of all production parameters, even within one and the same lot, different pull-out forces are observed, which are also temperature and aging dependent. Since a significantly lower propellant charge is used in the case of practice ammunition compared to combat ammunition, a particularly disadvantageous temperature dependency of the propellant gas pressure results when the propellant gases escape from the propellant charge cartridge or the propellant charge cup into the large-volume interior of the propellant charge sleeve.
- the invention has for its object to improve cartridge ammunition for a grenade pistol in such a way that the disadvantages described above are avoided and primarily achieved by a constant, almost temperature-independent initial speed in a wide temperature range reproducible firing results and reliable ignition of the tracer and / or delay set become.
- Fig. 1 the ammunition at rest
- Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a cartridge ammunition for a grenade pistol, for example in 40 mm caliber.
- the ammunition 1 comprises a z. B. plastic existing sleeve 10, in the opening of a projectile 11 is arranged, for example, carries a fog charge 11a and arranged in the rear part of the projectile 11 tracer and / or delay set 11b.
- An ignition charge 13 and a propellant charge 14 are accommodated in a cup 12 arranged in the bottom of the sleeve 10 in a volume which is smaller than the interior 10a of the sleeve 10.
- the cup 12 receiving the ignition and propellant charge 13, 14 consists of two sleeves 12a, 12b arranged concentrically to one another.
- the inner sleeve 12b is pot-shaped and is mounted in the outer sleeve 12a so as to be slidable and telescopic, the inner pot-shaped sleeve 12b carries in its base 12e an ignition channel 12c pointing to the tracer and / or deceleration set 11b in the rear part of the projectile 11.
- the outer sleeve 12a At its free end piece, which projects into the interior 10a of the sleeve 10, the outer sleeve 12a has an external thread 100 with an adjoining annular predetermined breaking point 12d.
- the floor of the projectile 11 has an internally threaded sleeve 17 which can be screwed onto the outer sleeve 12a of the cup 12.
- the O-ring 15 inserted into the predetermined breaking point 12d reliably seals the screw connection against moisture that may still enter the interior 10a of the sleeve 10, so that the ammunition with cartridges remains operationally reliable even after a very long storage period.
- the mode of operation of the ammunition is explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4.
- the propellant charge pressure accelerates the projectile 11 and begins to push it out of the propellant charge sleeve 10.
- the volume available for the propellant charge gases is increased only comparatively slightly, since the cup-shaped inner sleeve 12b, which is mounted in the outer sleeve 12a of the cup 12 so as to be slidable and telescopic, is telescopically pressed out of the outer sleeve 12a by participating in the projectile movement , but thereby preventing the escape of propellant gases into the interior 10a of the sleeve 10 by limiting the propellant gas volume. Only after - as shown in Fig.
- the projectile 11 has finished its free flight in the cartridge chamber and has already entered the trains of the weapon barrel, not shown, and has practically reached its final speed, does the inner sleeve 12b, which is then completely separated from the outer sleeve 12a, give clear the way for the propellant gases, which can then also enter the interior 10a of the sleeve 10. Because of the very narrowly limited small volume in which the propellant gases can initially spread, this advantageously results in a greatly reduced temperature dependency of the propellant gas pressure, which in turn leads to a constant initial velocity of the projectile 11 and thus to reproducible firing results, despite greatly differing ambient temperatures.
- the cup-shaped inner sleeve 12b of the cup 12 has an ignition channel 12c in its base 12e, which is aligned with the tracer and / or deceleration set 11b arranged in the rear part of the projectile 11.
- ignition channel 12c in its base 12e, which is aligned with the tracer and / or deceleration set 11b arranged in the rear part of the projectile 11.
- hot propellant charge gases can therefore pass through this ignition channel 12c, which - in contrast to conventional ammunition - enables the tracer and / or delay set 11b to be ignited completely reliably.
- the tracer and / or delay set 11b also serves for the possibly delayed ignition of a useful charge transported in the storey 11, here for example a fog charge 11a.
- the sleeve 100 receiving the tracer and / or delay set 11b is pyrotechnically coupled to the fog charge 11b in such a way that the tracer charge 11a is also ignited towards the end of the burnout of the tracer and / or delay set 11b.
- a pressure then builds up in the storey 11a which, after a 0-ring 16 has blown off, as shown in FIG. 3, allows fog clouds 19 to emerge through bores 18 which are preferably distributed uniformly over a circumference. In this way, an effective fog effect already occurs in the last flight phase of the projectile before it hits the ground.
- 4 shows a longitudinal section through an exercise cartridge
- FIG. 5 shows a side view of the cup 12 shown on an enlarged scale
- FIG. 6 - again enlarged - shows a section through the wall of the cup 12 in the region of the recesses 50
- FIG Side view of the cup 12 in a further embodiment.
- the advantageous developments of the invention differ from the embodiment according to Fig. 1 to Fig.
- recesses 50 are arranged in the wall of the cup, which connect the space of the propellant charge 14 with the interior 10a of the sleeve 10.
- These recesses 50 are preferably arranged evenly distributed on a circumference, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 6 lying below the predetermined breaking point 12d.
- four recesses 50 are provided with a mutual distance of 90 °. Through the recesses 50 it is achieved that after igniting the propellant charge 14 the interior 10a of the sleeve 10 is acted upon from the beginning with a gas pressure, albeit a lower one.
- the predetermined breaking point 12d is dimensioned such that it would not be destructible merely because of the propellant pressure generated in the interior of the cup 12.
- the predetermined breaking point 12d is designed in such a way that it would only be destroyed under a load of 750 kp.
- An internal pressure of approximately 400 bar inside the cup 12a and an area of approximately 1.25 cm 2 would only develop a force of approximately 500 kg.
- the sleeve 10 acts on the projectile 11, destroying the predetermined breaking point 12d and accelerating the projectile 11.
- a pressure of about 50 bar contributes to this, which additionally exerts a force of 500 kp on a floor area of about 10 cm. Only the sum of the aforementioned force components thus exceeds the crack resistance of the predetermined breaking point 12d.
- the outer diameter of the sleeve 10 was approximately 38 mm
- the inner diameter of the cup 12 was approximately 12 to 13 mm.
- Four recesses 50 with a maximum diameter of approximately 2 mm were arranged in the cup 12 at 90 ° intervals.
- the weight of the bullet was about 180 g.
- a weight of the propellant charge 14 of approximately 0.35 g
- a pressure of approximately 500 bar built up in the interior of the cup 12 while approximately 1/10 of this pressure value, ie 50 bar, was determined in the interior 10a of the sleeve 10.
- a large number of test shots resulted in a very even type catch speed of the projectile 11 and a constant range with a very low standard deviation, so that all requirements of the user could be met.
- the range was constantly less than about 25 cm per 100 m compared to about 45 cm per 100 m for conventional ammunition, the standard deviation of the initial speed V o was always less than 1 m sec. -1 . This meant that the values demanded by the consumer could be met without difficulty.
- a membrane 50a which is not designed to be pressure-resistant, but immediately after the ignition Propellant charge 14 is destroyed.
- This membrane 50a can for example be made of a thin plastic or metal foil.
- the recesses 50 are expediently arranged lying within the annular predetermined breaking point 12d (FIG. 7). From this exemplary embodiment offers the advantage that no separate covering of the recesses 50, for example according to FIG. 6, is required, but that a reliable sealing of the recesses 50 is effected simultaneously by the O-ring 15, for the purpose of sealing the threaded connection between the sleeve 17 and the cup 12 is inserted into the predetermined breaking point 12d.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86901398T ATE45035T1 (de) | 1985-03-05 | 1986-02-25 | Patronierte munition. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853507643 DE3507643A1 (de) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | Patronierte munition |
DE3507643 | 1985-03-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0215042A1 true EP0215042A1 (de) | 1987-03-25 |
EP0215042B1 EP0215042B1 (de) | 1989-07-26 |
Family
ID=6264174
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86901398A Expired EP0215042B1 (de) | 1985-03-05 | 1986-02-25 | Patronierte munition |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US4762068A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0215042B1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR920003085B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU589166B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1286146C (de) |
DE (2) | DE3507643A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK159944C (de) |
ES (1) | ES8801429A1 (de) |
FI (1) | FI864175A (de) |
GR (1) | GR860345B (de) |
IT (1) | IT1188562B (de) |
NO (1) | NO161881C (de) |
NZ (1) | NZ215357A (de) |
SG (1) | SG79490G (de) |
WO (1) | WO1986005265A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA861643B (de) |
Families Citing this family (52)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3507643A1 (de) * | 1985-03-05 | 1986-09-11 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co KG, 2077 Trittau | Patronierte munition |
DE3827784A1 (de) * | 1988-08-16 | 1990-03-01 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Kontaktkopf fuer einen nebelwurfkoerper |
DE3828234C2 (de) * | 1988-08-19 | 1997-05-22 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Munition aus einem Wurfbecher und einem Wirkkörper |
DE8812000U1 (de) * | 1988-09-22 | 1990-02-08 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Granatengeschoß |
DE3918005A1 (de) * | 1988-09-22 | 1990-04-05 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Granatengeschoss |
DE3840679A1 (de) * | 1988-12-02 | 1990-06-07 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Abschusssystem |
US5062366A (en) * | 1989-08-07 | 1991-11-05 | Honeywell Inc. | Temperature compensating control system for adjusting primary propellant chamber volume |
ES2046044T3 (es) * | 1990-01-15 | 1994-01-16 | Udo Winter | Cartucho, especialmente cartucho de granadas. |
DE4002722C2 (de) * | 1990-01-31 | 1994-02-17 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Unterwasserwaffe |
US5239928A (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1993-08-31 | Vero Ricci | Reloadable slug assembly and method for making same |
DE4328581A1 (de) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-03-02 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Nebelwurfkörper |
FR2717569B1 (fr) * | 1994-03-16 | 1996-05-10 | Giat Ind Sa | Dispositif d'allumage d'une charge propulsive. |
NO180216B1 (no) * | 1994-11-11 | 1997-03-24 | Forsvarets Forsknings | Anordning ved roykgranat |
DE19527621A1 (de) * | 1995-07-28 | 1997-01-30 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Patronierte Munition |
US5791327A (en) * | 1997-01-18 | 1998-08-11 | Code-Eagle, Inc. | Personal protection device having a non-lethal projectile |
FI108965B (fi) * | 1997-01-24 | 2002-04-30 | Patria Vammas Oy | Sovitelma kranaatin tukemiseksi takaaladattavan aseen putkeen |
DE19738937C2 (de) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-07-29 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Patronierte Munition |
DE19944486C2 (de) * | 1999-09-16 | 2003-06-26 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Irritationskörper |
SE0001588D0 (sv) * | 2000-04-27 | 2000-04-27 | Comtri Ab | Granatpatron |
KR20020073908A (ko) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-28 | 박해식 | 폐자재를 이용한 폭탄 |
NZ514921A (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2002-12-20 | William James Sharplin | A grenade |
FR2831256A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-04-25 | Guy Cognet | Munition pour exercice de tir |
AUPS182802A0 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2002-05-30 | Metal Storm Limited | Projectile sealing arrangement |
US7004074B2 (en) * | 2002-07-01 | 2006-02-28 | Martin Electronics | Controlled fluid energy delivery burst cartridge |
SE0302916D0 (sv) * | 2003-11-04 | 2003-11-04 | Comtri Teknik Ab | Utbytbar drivpatron |
US7481167B2 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2009-01-27 | John Whitworth Engel | High-pressure fixed munition for low-pressure launching system |
DE102004017464B4 (de) * | 2004-04-08 | 2006-05-18 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG | Patronierte Übungsmunition |
DE102004020838B3 (de) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-06-23 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG | Patronenmunition, insbesondere mit mittlerem Kaliber |
PL1735584T3 (pl) | 2004-04-08 | 2011-05-31 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Amunicja działowa scalona, zwłaszcza średniego kalibru |
US7287475B2 (en) * | 2006-01-03 | 2007-10-30 | Combined Systems, Inc. | Reloadable non-lethal training cartridge |
AU2007216864A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-17 | William James Sharplin | Ammunition |
EP1914507A1 (de) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-23 | Saab Ab | Anordnung für eine Granate |
US8056481B2 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2011-11-15 | Dindl Frank J | Controlled deceleration projectile |
US20080223246A1 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-18 | Dindl Frank J | Burping projectile |
DE102007025981A1 (de) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Patronenmunition, insbesondere Übungsmunition |
US7793591B1 (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2010-09-14 | Martin Electronics | Projectile having ignitable payload with delay column igniter |
FI20085083L (fi) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-01 | Patria Weapon Systems Oy | Sovitelma ja menetelmä kranaatin tukemiseksi takaaladattavan aseen putkeen |
SG178038A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2012-03-29 | Kms Consulting Llc | Pressure-relief system for gun fired cannon cartridges |
US8925463B1 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2015-01-06 | Kms Consulting, Llc | Pressure relief system for gun fired cannon cartridges |
DE102009048365B3 (de) * | 2009-10-06 | 2010-10-07 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Patronierte Munition mit einer Berstvorrichtung als Verbindung zwischen Geschoss und Antrieb |
JP5638996B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2014-12-10 | 株式会社ダイセル | 人員拘束装置用ガス発生器 |
KR101384214B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-04 | 2014-04-10 | 국방과학연구소 | 능동파괴체계의 대응탄의 급속 발사를 위한 개방형 추진장치 |
DE102012014043B4 (de) | 2012-07-14 | 2014-02-13 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Granate, insbesondere 40-mm-Granate |
US10132601B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-11-20 | William Joseph Nemec | Advanced modular ammunition cartridges and systems |
LU92216A1 (fr) * | 2013-06-17 | 2014-12-18 | Securinov Sa | Douille régulée en pression de combustion pour petit et moyen calibre |
WO2014203215A1 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | Atlantis Manufacturing Management Services Proprietary Limited | A grenade round |
FR3013114B1 (fr) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-12-25 | Soc Darmement Et Detudes Alsetex | Dispositif de propulsion pour une munition utilisable avec un lanceur |
DE202014105939U1 (de) | 2014-12-09 | 2015-01-26 | Kms Consulting Llc | Patronenhülse mit Druckauslass |
JP6563773B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-20 | 2019-08-21 | 株式会社ダイセル | 煙幕発生器 |
DE102016015042B4 (de) | 2016-12-16 | 2018-08-23 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Munitionsmodul, Gefechtskopf und Munition |
DE102017110871A1 (de) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Antriebssystem für Patronenmunition |
DE102018001031A1 (de) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-08 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertr. durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, vertr. durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Kleindrohnen |
Family Cites Families (12)
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US2592623A (en) * | 1948-02-16 | 1952-04-15 | Norman K Turnbull | Primer assembly for artillery ammunition |
US2872864A (en) * | 1952-01-08 | 1959-02-10 | Gladeon M Barnes | Center-guide for fin-stabilized fixed round ammunition |
US3547030A (en) * | 1954-01-27 | 1970-12-15 | Us Army | Rocket and cartridge case therefor |
FR1566410A (de) * | 1968-02-23 | 1969-05-09 | ||
US3609904A (en) * | 1969-05-07 | 1971-10-05 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Extractable plastic cartridge |
US3776136A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1973-12-04 | Aai Corp | Ammunition arrangement |
US3981241A (en) * | 1973-10-11 | 1976-09-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Self-levitating signal cartridge |
US4197801A (en) * | 1978-04-07 | 1980-04-15 | Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation | Ammunition round |
CH627550A5 (de) * | 1978-05-30 | 1982-01-15 | Oerlikon Buehrle Ag | Drallstabilisiertes treibspiegelgeschoss zur ueberwindung eines heterogenen widerstandes. |
AT371596B (de) * | 1980-12-23 | 1983-07-11 | Oregon Ets Patentverwertung | Granate |
DE3474344D1 (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1988-11-03 | Confederate Creek Inc | Plastic casing cartridge |
DE3507643A1 (de) * | 1985-03-05 | 1986-09-11 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co KG, 2077 Trittau | Patronierte munition |
-
1985
- 1985-03-05 DE DE19853507643 patent/DE3507643A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-02-05 GR GR860345A patent/GR860345B/el unknown
- 1986-02-25 EP EP86901398A patent/EP0215042B1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-02-25 DE DE8686901398T patent/DE3664684D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-02-25 US US06/948,359 patent/US4762068A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-02-25 WO PCT/EP1986/000097 patent/WO1986005265A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1986-02-25 AU AU55409/86A patent/AU589166B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-03-03 CA CA000503117A patent/CA1286146C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-04 ES ES552635A patent/ES8801429A1/es not_active Expired
- 1986-03-04 NZ NZ215357A patent/NZ215357A/en unknown
- 1986-03-05 ZA ZA861643A patent/ZA861643B/xx unknown
- 1986-03-05 IT IT19640/86A patent/IT1188562B/it active
- 1986-09-05 KR KR1019860007516A patent/KR920003085B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-09-11 DK DK436086A patent/DK159944C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-09-25 NO NO863813A patent/NO161881C/no unknown
- 1986-10-16 FI FI864175A patent/FI864175A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1988
- 1988-02-22 US US07/157,481 patent/US4815387A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-06 US US07/287,261 patent/US4892038A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-09-29 SG SG794/90A patent/SG79490G/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8605265A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0215042B1 (de) | 1989-07-26 |
SG79490G (en) | 1991-08-23 |
ES8801429A1 (es) | 1988-01-16 |
US4762068A (en) | 1988-08-09 |
DK159944B (da) | 1990-12-31 |
IT8619640A1 (it) | 1987-09-05 |
DK436086D0 (da) | 1986-09-11 |
DE3664684D1 (de) | 1989-08-31 |
NO863813L (no) | 1986-09-25 |
CA1286146C (en) | 1991-07-16 |
KR920003085B1 (ko) | 1992-04-13 |
US4815387A (en) | 1989-03-28 |
DE3507643A1 (de) | 1986-09-11 |
WO1986005265A1 (en) | 1986-09-12 |
NO863813D0 (no) | 1986-09-25 |
AU5540986A (en) | 1986-09-24 |
DK436086A (da) | 1986-10-23 |
IT8619640A0 (it) | 1986-03-05 |
NO161881B (no) | 1989-06-26 |
DK159944C (da) | 1991-05-21 |
KR880004291A (ko) | 1988-06-03 |
NZ215357A (en) | 1987-07-31 |
FI864175A0 (fi) | 1986-10-16 |
GR860345B (en) | 1986-06-26 |
FI864175A (fi) | 1986-10-16 |
NO161881C (no) | 1989-10-04 |
ES552635A0 (es) | 1988-01-16 |
AU589166B2 (en) | 1989-10-05 |
US4892038A (en) | 1990-01-09 |
IT1188562B (it) | 1988-01-20 |
ZA861643B (en) | 1986-11-26 |
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