Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
  • E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/007—Outer coverings for walls with ventilating means
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
  • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
  • E04F13/0805—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall

Definitions

• the invention is based on the object of a facade cladding to create that is visually appealing and which at the same time provides permanent thermal insulation and is resistant to driving rain Construction provides and the particular is suitable for the facade renovation of old buildings.
• the thermal insulation layer can consist of suitable thermal insulation boards or the like exist with the help of suitable fasteners be attached to the existing masonry.
• the veneer is also anchored on the existing masonry.
• facing bricks Using wire anchors or the like on the existing one To anchor masonry.
• suitable anchoring means are e.g. so-called injection anchors or -dowels that are also used in the brittle masonry for secure Stop worrying.
• An anchorage to the existing veneer, which in turn is fixed by means of wire anchors, is not enough as the wire anchor is not the required one static strength. According to the invention, these are used Wall anchors are also used to define the insulation layer.
• the veneer and the Insulation layer left a gap through which air can circulate can. This prevents moisture penetrates into the insulation layer and reduces its effectiveness or cancels in unfavorable cases. In the area between Moisture present in the insulation layer and facing is removed from the circulating air.
• the one mentioned Gap is created by spacers over which the Facing shell is supported on the insulation layer.
• One embodiment of the invention provides that the insulation layer with the help of the masonry anchors on the back masonry is fixed.
• the masonry anchors used to hang the Veneer can be used at the same time the insulation layer on the back wall can be used for this purpose to be determined. They also prevent "bloating” or otherwise Expand the insulation layer so that the air layer always remains functional.
• Another embodiment of the invention sees in this Context that the masonry anchor with an angle rail cooperate, the horizontal leg as Support for the facing layer is used. At certain height intervals, e.g. for each storey, the masonry anchors are with connected to an angle rail, via which the static support the veneer is done.
• facing panels have spacers formed on the rear side.
• these spacers can taper towards the free end.
• the spacers can be shaped as ribs that are also formed when a clay strand is extruded. With a tapering shape of the ribs, a flow-favorable cross-section results.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides in this context that incisions are formed on the spacers. According to a further embodiment of the invention, these can be shaped as sawtooth-like incisions. The incisions prevent water settling on the back of the facing from migrating over the spacers to the insulating layer.
• an embodiment of the invention provides that on the back of the facing has a recess for receiving it a separate spacer.
• the spacer can be made of stainless metal; he will the back of the economy facing brick inserted.
• the Recess an undercut for receiving a foot of the Has spacer.
• a dovetail-like groove of an economy facing brick be formed into which the spacer foot is inserted becomes.
• At least one continuous Hole to be formed to accommodate the foot of a spacer on the top or bottom of the facing brick.
• a drip disc arranged in the gap.
• the one known per se The drip disk has the same function as the incisions of the molded spacers.
• the spacers can be Apply more or less flat against the thermal insulation layer.
• An alternative embodiment of the invention provides that the spacers at the free end two or more radially have spaced tips which penetrate into the insulation layer. The tips clamp the insulation layer in theirs Area and prevent unwanted deformation of the insulation material, so that the cross-section of the air layer ensures is.
• the bar can preferably also be slightly thinner than the thickness of the mortar joint.
• a another alternative is that a Template is made when placing a facing brick is held against the back. Projections of the Stencils protrude into the spaces between the spacers up to the lower joint, so that too thereby effectively the penetration of mortar into the space is prevented.
• an insulating layer 10 is made of a suitable heat insulating Material on a back wall (not shown) appropriate.
• a facing layer 11 consists of economy facing bricks 12 and 13 (are for explanatory purposes only shown in Fig. 1 two different economy facing).
• the economy facing bricks 12, 13 are made of fired clay (brick) shaped.
• Spacers 14 and 15 are located on their rear side shaped.
• the spacers 14, 15 represent ribs that run in the extrusion direction of the clay strand. You rejuvenate towards the free end, as can be clearly seen from FIG.
• the spacers 14, 15 allow an interspace 16 at a width of about 3 cm.
• the spacers 14 have drip noses 17 on opposite sides.
• the drip noses 17 are shaped like a sawtooth in cross section. You prevent that moisture along the outside of the spacers 14 moves in the direction of the thermal insulation layer 10 the facing brick 12, 13 is made with a suitable mortar 18, which will not be discussed in detail at this point.
• a circumferential Groove is shaped (corresponding to that shown in Fig. 1 Cross-section) to allow moisture to separate over the entire To achieve the scope of the spacers.
• a water-impermeable layer 19 arranged at the free end faces of the spacers 14, 15 . You can with the Manufacture of the savings cladding panels 12, 13 are applied to Example in liquid or solid form.
• the economy facing bricks 12, 13 are with the help of suitable Wall anchors attached to the masonry, not shown, and to this hung up.
• Individual injection wall anchors can be used for this purpose be connected to an angle rail, whose horizontal leg is used to support the facing brick.
• the wall anchors can also be used to set the Insulation layer 10 are used.
• FIG. 4 An execution of the Spacer 31, which in turn is made of galvanized wire material can exist is shown in FIG. 4.
• two hooks 33 are attached at a distance.
• At the Shaft 32 is attached to a drip disk 34, the function of which the drip disk 25 according to FIG. 2 is similar.
• At the other end of the Shank are three arranged at the same angular distance Arms 35 attached in a star shape, of which axially parallel to the Shank 32 tips 36 protrude. As can be seen from Fig. 3, the tips 36 penetrate the insulation layer 10 and prevent it unwanted deformation of the insulation material.
• the hooks 33 are in continuous channels 37 of the economy facing 30 inserted from above or below.
• the facing brick 13 in Fig. 1 is L-shaped. He will be in the field used by windows and wall corners. His thigh 40 gives the impression that the wall is covered with "normal" facing bricks has been created and meets the requirements of Monument protection authorities.
• the template 40 is made of flat material and Shaped complementary to the back of the facing panel 13. It has a length equal to the length of the facing brick 13 according to Fig. 1. Preferably, a slightly greater length chosen, namely equal to the distance between the centers adjacent spaced butt joints.
• the height of the template 40 is at least equal to the height of the facing brick plus the thickness a bed joint 41 so that the lower bed joint 41 is covered, when the template is held against the facing brick from behind becomes.
• On the back of the template 40 can be a handle 42 be provided so that with the help of the template 40 a Facing cladding 12, 13 can be detected and set.
• the mortar is prevented from penetrating into the space 16.
• Grouting the spacers 14, 15 themselves can be prevented, for example, by an object is pushed between the spacers, for example a continuous bar that, after setting a Position facing brick is pulled out.
• FIG. 6 there is a veneer from facing bricks, such as those shown in FIG are. It lies on the molded spacer on one Insulation layer 50 on.
• the insulation layer is against the outside a masonry 51 not shown in detail is placed.
• the masonry 51 can have one or two shells as well as that Masonry of a new building or an old building to be renovated be.
• a bore 52 is formed therein for receiving it an injection anchor 53.
• the injection anchor 53 has one with a square or rectangular cross-section Anchor bolt 55 with box profile on that of a stocking 56 is surrounded.
• the principle of an injection anchor is known in principle. However, it is for use at Facade cladding specially designed.
• the Disk 57 projects radially over anchor bolt 55 up to at the level of the widened injection stocking 56.
• the Disk 57 also serves to center anchor bolt 55 in the wall bore 52 so that injection mortar 52a is uniform is distributed over the anchor circumference. Also protects the disk 57 the locking masonry against the pressure of the Injection stocking.
• a contact washer 58 attached, which is also radial is beyond the anchor bolt 55, and even further than the end disk 57.
• To the contact disk 58 is a Threaded stud bolts 59 attached, for example by Welding.
• An angle rail 60 lies with its upright Leg 61 against the contact washer 58, wherein the stud bolt 59 by a preferably elongated Bore in the leg 61 is guided. With the help of a Nut 62 secures the rail 60 against the contact washer 58 pressed and thus attached to the injection anchor 53. As can be seen, the height of the leg 61 is less than the corresponding extension of the contact washer 58. Between the back of the contact washer 58 and the underside of the Anchor bolt 55 is an inclined plate 63 set for stiffening of the lower part of the contact washer 58. Alternatively a contact washer can also be installed at the level of the masonry front be attached to the anchor bolt 55, with a stiffening plate from this washer to the front end of the anchor bolt 55 extends.
• the injection stocking extends 56 only up to the level of the outside of the masonry 51, so that a considerable distance to the contact washer 58, which is the thickness of the insulation layer 50 corresponds approximately.
• the anchor bolt is in this area 55 designed as a cantilever arm 55a.
• the insulation layer 50 is how shown at 64, slightly excepted on the outside Recess 64 receives the contact washer 58, whereby the Insulation layer with the help of several such injection anchors 53 can be held securely on the masonry 51.
• a hole 65 in the anchor bolt 55 is connected to the interior of the Injection stocking 56 connected. Via another in the cantilever section 55a located bore 66 can injection mortar are introduced, which is then in the hollow profile of the Anchor bolt and from there via the bore 65 in the stocking 56 enters, which expands accordingly and with the bore wall intervenes.
• the one completely filled with mortar Anchor bolt has the advantage that its static Strength is increased. Furthermore, the mortar requires one Protection against moisture and corrosion.
• the horizontal leg 66 of the angle rail 60 is close of the vertical leg 61 with a plurality of drainage openings 67 provided. It extends between adjacent bed joints the facing stones 13, with below the leg 66 a neoprene tube 68 is arranged, which is also with Mortar 69 can be filled.
• the bearing surface of the angle rail 60 is roughened or provided with bumps. These can be formed by wire-shaped elements that welded on and arranged in a wave or zigzag shape become. Alternatively, tongues, knobs or the like can be used be formed out of the material of the leg 66.
• the spacers form 15 an air space between the facing layer and the insulation layer 50, the holes 67 in the leg 66 also Serve flow purposes.
• the air flow is indicated by arrows 70 indicated.
• the leading edge is of the leg 66 of the angle rail 60 is visible from the outside. In in some cases this is not desirable.
• the mounting rail is attached invisibly.
• Figures 7 and 8 is the Support rail generally designated 75. How to recognize shows the facing 76 according to FIG. 7 on the bearing surface a recess 77 rectangular in cross section, which is open to the rear. The recess is dimensioned so that in the case of a mortar layer or an elastic joint 78 between the bottom of the recess and the horizontal one Leg of the rail 75 of the horizontal leg covered is, even if between the facing stone 76 and the normal facing brick 79 underneath usual mortar joint 80 runs.
• FIG. 8 are to each other facing bearing surfaces of the facing stones 76, 76 ', respectively Recesses 77, 77 'shaped according to FIG. 7 to accommodate the horizontal leg of the angle rail 75.
• the mounting rail is from not visible on the outside of the veneer layer. At this embodiment does not need the recess 77, 77 ' to be so high, especially for smaller formats of Advantage is.
• the splint 60 can be a stretch mark made of deformable Material be arranged.
• the injection stocking 56 is preferably such that the injection mortar 52a by opening when the stocking 56 expands Meshes through it. That way just won't a frictional connection with the wall of the masonry bore 52 but also adhesion when the Mortar.
• the injection mortar is a swellable binder and / or contains more water than for setting required. If injection mortar leaks out of the Injection socks can remove some of the water from the masonry be included. So that there is still enough water for If there is left to set, the injection mortar contains one Excess water.
• the swellable binder prevents that a shrinkage occurs, which leads to a loosening of the Injection anchor 53 could lead.
• Using the special injection mortar and the special injection stocking therefore improves the adhesion of the anchor in the Masonry and prevents wobbling.
• injection anchor described is not limited to the support of veneers from individual facing bricks. Rather can the arrangement consisting of injection anchor and mounting rail support any facing shell.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6268776

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Families Citing this family (7)

Citations (11)

• 1985
  • 1985-04-20 DE DE19853514445 patent/DE3514445A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1986
  • 1986-04-18 EP EP86105398A patent/EP0201757A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (11)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events