EP0123350B1 - Flache Mikrowellenantenne mit einer völlig hängenden Mikrostreifengruppe - Google Patents

Flache Mikrowellenantenne mit einer völlig hängenden Mikrostreifengruppe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123350B1
EP0123350B1 EP84200521A EP84200521A EP0123350B1 EP 0123350 B1 EP0123350 B1 EP 0123350B1 EP 84200521 A EP84200521 A EP 84200521A EP 84200521 A EP84200521 A EP 84200521A EP 0123350 B1 EP0123350 B1 EP 0123350B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
conductors
plates
lines
spacers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84200521A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0123350A1 (de
Inventor
Emmanuel Rammos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Laboratoires dElectronique et de Physique Appliquee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laboratoires dElectronique et de Physique Appliquee, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Laboratoires dElectronique et de Physique Appliquee
Publication of EP0123350A1 publication Critical patent/EP0123350A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123350B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123350B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0081—Stripline fed arrays using suspended striplines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flat microwave antenna composed of radiating elements of microwave signals, this antenna consisting of at least two conductive plates in which recesses are provided opposite one another, and being such that, between each pair of successive plates, is enclosed a dielectric sheet carrying a network of conductors forming with these plates lines of the so-called triplate type, the ends of these conductors being arranged opposite the recesses to form with the latter the radiating elements.
  • This publication describes a planar antenna comprising radiating elements of microwave signals, consisting of two conductive plates in which recesses are provided facing each other and a network of microstrip conductors, forming transmission lines of the so-called triplate type, that is to say constituted by the succession of the first of the two conductive plates forming a ground plane, of a first thick layer of dielectric material, of the network of microstrip conductors, of a second thick layer of dielectric material and of the second of the two plates forming a second ground plane, these various layers and plates being applied one on the other.
  • the ends of the microstrip conductors are arranged opposite the recesses to form the radiating elements with the latter.
  • These radiating elements can be of circular or rectangular section.
  • the antenna radiates a linearly polarized wave. Impedence matching can be obtained by adjusting the penetration length of the end of the microstrip conductor in the opening of the plates, or by adjusting the distance between the microstrip conductors and the short-circuit plane closing the opposite opening at the radiant opening.
  • the dielectric substrates used are all thick.
  • the losses increasing with the thickness of the dielectric substrate which supports the conductors it is desirable not to use a large thickness so as not to exceed for said losses a permitted limit.
  • the invention aims to provide a device allowing the establishment of the conductors of the lines by overcoming the drawbacks described above.
  • each dielectric sheet is thin and is held between the plates which enclose it only by positioning pads integral with the opposite faces of these plates, arranged in screws -on either side of this dielectric sheet, these studs thus coupled being further disposed relative to this sheet in spaces devoid of conductors, and the pairs of studs being distant from each other so that at least two radiating elements are positioned between two pairs of successive studs.
  • pairs of studs are in sufficient number, although being distant from each other, to ensure the rigidity of the assembly.
  • each microwave network of the antenna functions as a network of "completely suspended microstrip lines", that is to say as a network of "suspended microstrip lines” placed in cavities the width of which would be infinite, or else may be assimilated to triplate lines having air as a dielectric.
  • the positioning pads are machined independently of the plates and then adjusted thereon.
  • the positioning pads are an integral part of the plates which enclose the sheets of printed circuits and are produced in the same machining operation.
  • the pairs of positioning pads are preferably regularly spaced due to the periodic structure of the networks of central conductors.
  • the dielectric carrying the printed circuits forming the networks of microstrip conductors with a thickness of between 50 and 100 ⁇ m, which is sufficient to ensure its rigidity, while limiting losses in the transmission lines which are also proportional to the thickness of the dielectric.
  • Figures 1a and 1b show in section a antenna comprising two networks of microwave lines, produced according to the invention.
  • Figure 1a shows a section along an axis XX 'and Figure 1b along an axis YY' perpendicular to XX '.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b represent, seen from above, portions of the two networks of microstrip conductors of the microwave lines of this antenna and show the axes XX 'and YY' along which the cuts 1a and 1b are made respectively.
  • FIG. 3a represents (in solid lines) the curve of the variations of the impedance Z o , in ohms, of a transmission line with central conductor constituted by a suspended microstrip line, as a function of the width a in millimeters (mm) of the groove which contains the central conductor.
  • FIG. 3b represents in cross section of a transmission line with central conductor constituted by a suspended microstrip line.
  • FIG. 4a represents the variation of the total attenuation factor ⁇ t in decibels per meter (dB / m) as a function of the thickness e in ⁇ m of the dielectric substrate carrying the printed circuit of microstrip conductors.
  • FIG. 4b represents a cross section of a transmission line constituted by a completely suspended microstrip line according to the invention.
  • the antenna comprises the following elements: on either side of a middle layer 10, in which a series of recesses is provided 11, a dielectric sheet (20 and 30) is successively placed carrying a network of printed conductors of microstrip lines (22 for sheet 20 and 32 for sheet 30) and another layer (40 and 50) pierced with another series of recesses (41 for layer 40 and 51 for layer 50) placed in the extension of the recesses 11.
  • the layers 10, 30 and 40 are made of a metallic material or a metallized dielectric.
  • Each network of transmission lines is arranged so that the end (21 for a conductor of the sheet 20 and 31 for a conductor of the sheet 30) of each printed conductor is in regad of a recess 11 so as to produce with this recess a coupling allowing the reception or the emission of the microwave signals.
  • Maintaining the dielectric sheets 20 and 30, between layers 10 and 40 on the one hand, and between layers 10 and 50 on the other hand, is achieved by means of a series of associated positioning pads 15 and 16 to layer 10, on either side thereof and placed opposite studs 45 and 55, associated respectively with layers 40 and 50.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b which respectively represent a portion of the dielectric sheet 20 and of the dielectric sheet 30, the repetitive configuration of the antenna circuits makes it possible to find, between the printed conductors 22 and 32, empty spaces in sufficient large number so that the pairs of studs ensure the rigidity of the assembly, although being distant from each other.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are shown, in addition to the circuits 22 and 32 in solid lines, the projection of the openings 11 in dotted lines, and the projection of the pairs of hatched positioning pads.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show the axes XX ′ and YY ′ along which the cuts represented by FIGS. 1a and 1b are made respectively, the recesses 11 a, 11 b and 11 c in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b correspond to the recesses with the same reference in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • clips 60 are provided for aligning the coupled pads 15 and 45 on the one hand, and 16 and 55 on the other hand, as well as the circuits carried by the sheets 20 and 30 respectively. These clips also prevent further displacement of the various elements with respect to each other.
  • FIG. 3a shows that the total attenuation factor a, in the lines decreases as a function of the width a of the grooves which contain the central conductors to reach a low value which remains roughly stationary when the value of a exceeds 6 mm.
  • FIG. 3a also shows that such a variation in the width a only causes an increase of approximately 10 ohms in the value of the line impedance Z o , which does not present any drawback.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show that, in the device according to the invention, the width has grooves which contain the central conductors, is equivalent to the distance between two pairs of positioning pads and can be considered very large compared to the width of the groove as shown in Figure 3b. Indeed, at least two elements of the assembly formed by the recesses 11 and the lines 22 or 32 of the network of conductors are then positioned between two pairs of successive studs. Under these conditions, the dielectric substrate being thin, the main dielectric is air, and the microwave line can be likened to a "three-plate line having air as a dielectric", or even to a "fully suspended microstrip line". The loss factor due to the width of the grooves and the dielectric substrate is minimal.
  • a thickness of the substrate of between 50 and 100 ⁇ m, sufficient to ensure its rigidity, the losses due to the thickness of this dielectric can then be considered as minimal.
  • the efficiency of an antenna produced according to the invention is improved.
  • the positioning pads can be produced independently of the plates 10, 40 and 50, and then adjusted thereon. More favorably, they can also form an integral part of the plates and be produced in a single machining operation, with somewhat strict tolerances. This being added to the fact that their positioning can have a periodic shape, since the configuration of the conductor circuits between which they are placed is repetitive (FIG. 2), so that the industrial manufacture of the parts constituting an antenna according to the invention is greatly simplified.
  • the assembly of the different elements, relative to each other is also made quick and easy, thanks to the alignment clips and the fact that the positioning tolerances are not very strict.
  • the present invention is not limited to an antenna with two networks of microwave lines. If it is desired to have a planar antenna intended to receive or transmit microwave signals of a single type of polarization, said antenna can be obtained from that which has been described previously, by simply omitting the middle layer 10 , one of the two dielectric sheets 20 or 30 carrying one of the networks of central supply line conductors, and placing the positioning pads accordingly.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Flache Mikrowellenantenne, die aus Strahlungselementen besteht, die Mikrowellensignale ausstrahlen, wobei diese Antenne aus mindestens zwei leitenden Platten (10,40,50) besteht, in denen einander gegenüberliegende Hohlräume (11, 41, 51) derart vorgesehen sind, dass zwischen jedem Paar aufeinanderfolgender Platten (40, 10; 10, 50) ein dielektrischer Film (20, 30) mit einem Mikrowellenleiternetzwerk (22, 32) vorgesehen ist, das mit den Platten Leitungen vom Dreischichttyp bildet, wobei die Enden dieser Leiter den Hohlräumen zugewandt sind um mit diesen letzteren die Strahlungselemente zu bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder dielektrischer Film (20, 30) dünn ist und nur durch Distanzhalterungen (45, 55) zwischen den diesen Film umgebenden Platten gehaltert wird, wobei diese Halterungen mit den Oberflächen der Platten einen Teil bilden und auf beiden Seiten des dielektrischen Films (20, 30) und einander gegenüber liegend vorgesehen sind, wobei diese Distanzhalterungen ausserdem gegenüber dem Film in Gebieten vorgesehen sind, in denen es keine Leiter gibt und wobei die Halterungenpaare derart voneinander entfernt liegen, dass wenigstens zwei Strahlungselemente zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Paaren von Distanzhalterungen liegen.
2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Distanzhalterungen (45, 55) einen Teil mit den Platten (40, 10; 10, 50) bildende Elemente sind, welch die dielektrische Filme (20, 30) einschliessen, welche die zentralen Leiternetzwerke enthalten und in ein und demselben Herstellungsvorgang hergestellt worden sind.
3. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Distanzhalterungen (45, 55) in regelmässigen Abständen voneinander liegen und zwar wegen der jeweils zurückkehrenden Struktur der zentralen Leiternetzwerke.
4. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit den Distanzhalterungen Befestigungsklips (60) verbunden sind um zu vermeiden, dass die betreffenden Antennenelemente gegenüber einander verschoben werden.
5. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke der dielektrischen Filme (20, 30) mit den zentralen gedruckten Leiternetzwerken (22, 32) der Mikrowellenleiter zwischen 50 und 100 um liegt, wobei diese Dicke gewährleistet, dass die Starrheit der Filme die Verluste in den Leitern beschränkt.
EP84200521A 1983-04-22 1984-04-12 Flache Mikrowellenantenne mit einer völlig hängenden Mikrostreifengruppe Expired EP0123350B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8306650 1983-04-22
FR8306650A FR2544920B1 (fr) 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 Antenne plane hyperfrequences a reseau de lignes a substrat completement suspendu

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123350A1 EP0123350A1 (de) 1984-10-31
EP0123350B1 true EP0123350B1 (de) 1987-09-02

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Family Applications (1)

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EP84200521A Expired EP0123350B1 (de) 1983-04-22 1984-04-12 Flache Mikrowellenantenne mit einer völlig hängenden Mikrostreifengruppe

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4614947A (de)
EP (1) EP0123350B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59207706A (de)
DE (1) DE3465841D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2544920B1 (de)

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US7034765B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2006-04-25 Lucent Technologies Inc. Compact multiple-band antenna arrangement
US7663566B2 (en) 2005-10-16 2010-02-16 Starling Advanced Communications Ltd. Dual polarization planar array antenna and cell elements therefor
US7768469B2 (en) 2003-02-18 2010-08-03 Starling Advanced Communications Ltd. Low profile antenna for satellite communication
US8964891B2 (en) 2012-12-18 2015-02-24 Panasonic Avionics Corporation Antenna system calibration
US9583829B2 (en) 2013-02-12 2017-02-28 Panasonic Avionics Corporation Optimization of low profile antenna(s) for equatorial operation

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Cited By (6)

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US7768469B2 (en) 2003-02-18 2010-08-03 Starling Advanced Communications Ltd. Low profile antenna for satellite communication
US7034765B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2006-04-25 Lucent Technologies Inc. Compact multiple-band antenna arrangement
US7663566B2 (en) 2005-10-16 2010-02-16 Starling Advanced Communications Ltd. Dual polarization planar array antenna and cell elements therefor
US7994998B2 (en) 2005-10-16 2011-08-09 Starling Advanced Communications Ltd. Dual polarization planar array antenna and cell elements therefor
US8964891B2 (en) 2012-12-18 2015-02-24 Panasonic Avionics Corporation Antenna system calibration
US9583829B2 (en) 2013-02-12 2017-02-28 Panasonic Avionics Corporation Optimization of low profile antenna(s) for equatorial operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2544920B1 (fr) 1985-06-14
JPS59207706A (ja) 1984-11-24
FR2544920A1 (fr) 1984-10-26
EP0123350A1 (de) 1984-10-31
DE3465841D1 (en) 1987-10-08
US4614947A (en) 1986-09-30

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