EP0114131B1 - Roller skate - Google Patents

Roller skate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0114131B1
EP0114131B1 EP84400044A EP84400044A EP0114131B1 EP 0114131 B1 EP0114131 B1 EP 0114131B1 EP 84400044 A EP84400044 A EP 84400044A EP 84400044 A EP84400044 A EP 84400044A EP 0114131 B1 EP0114131 B1 EP 0114131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pedal
chassis
roller
roller skate
skater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84400044A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0114131A2 (en
EP0114131A3 (en
Inventor
Yvon Michel Vincent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8300555A external-priority patent/FR2539312A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84400044T priority Critical patent/ATE26800T1/en
Publication of EP0114131A2 publication Critical patent/EP0114131A2/en
Publication of EP0114131A3 publication Critical patent/EP0114131A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0114131B1 publication Critical patent/EP0114131B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C17/00Roller skates; Skate-boards
    • A63C17/14Roller skates; Skate-boards with brakes, e.g. toe stoppers, freewheel roller clutches
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C17/00Roller skates; Skate-boards
    • A63C17/14Roller skates; Skate-boards with brakes, e.g. toe stoppers, freewheel roller clutches
    • A63C17/1409Roller skates; Skate-boards with brakes, e.g. toe stoppers, freewheel roller clutches contacting one or more of the wheels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C17/00Roller skates; Skate-boards
    • A63C17/12Roller skates; Skate-boards with driving mechanisms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a roller skate.
  • roller skates Although it makes it possible to reach high traveling speeds, the use of the usual roller skates has a certain sporting character, which limits it, because of the inevitable risks, in general to people young or having a long practice.
  • Patent FR-A-2 300 588 discloses a four-wheel skate, the sole of which, fixed to the operator's foot, allows an inclination towards the inside of the turns. To compensate for the inclination of the chassis when cornering, the front wheels are mounted on an oscillating lifter.
  • the shoe further comprises a disc braking device, the lining of which, glued to the rim of the front and rear wheels, is pressed by a disc, immobilized in rotation, actuated by a helical ramp.
  • the ramp is controlled by a rod which is articulated to the sole by an axis and is actuated by the inclination of the sole backwards. In normal position, the sole rests on a stop.
  • This braking device eliminates part of the braking disadvantages previously described by allowing brutal monk braking.
  • One of the essential aims of the present invention is to allow the production of a roller skate which, on the one hand, offers the possibility of progressive braking, perfectly safe in all circumstances, and which, on the other hand , is arranged so as to allow the skater to exercise with his foot a driving action on at least one of the rollers of the skate with which he is equipped, these two possibilities contributing to removing any sporting character from the use of roller skates according to the present invention, which thus becomes accessible, after a very brief training, even to the elderly.
  • the roller skate according to one embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a roller frame, on which a pedal, adapted to support the foot, is pivotally mounted around at least one transverse axis, between a waiting position, and an actuating position, reached each time the skater applies, with his heel, a push on the rear of the pedal in the waiting position, a braking device, which is mounted on the chassis so as to be actuated each time the skater applies, with the tip of his foot, a push on the front of the pedal in the standby position, a movement transmission device, which is mounted on the chassis so to be actuated each time the skater applies, with his foot, a downward push on the pedal, causing it to pass from its actuating position to a depressed position, and which is coupled with at least one of the rollers, so as to exert a mo action on it trice each actuation of the pedal, as well as elastic means, such as springs, to return the pedal, when the skater lifts the foot, from its depressed
  • the safety of use of the roller skate according to the present invention obviously results from the fact that, in the standby position of the pedal, the skater can at any time slow down his progress by giving "a sharp stroke" on said pedal, after which, having obtained the reduced speed or the desired stop, the skater can continue or resume his movement by applying to the skate pedal first a "heel kick", then by depressing the pedal under the effect of his weight.
  • the skater can then raise above the ground, his foot provided with the skate, by leaning for that on his other foot, which can besides be provided or not d 'a roller skate according to the present invention - or even possibly a usual roller skate -.
  • the elastic means with which it is provided brings its pedal from its depressed position to its standby position, and the skater can again place said first skate on the ground, then brake if necessary.
  • both feet of the skater be equipped with roller skates according to the present invention, since the use of such a pair of skates can then differ very much from that of a pair. of normal skates, and only to use only the automatisms of normal walking, which is doubly favorable by reducing, on the one hand, the learning time of skating, and, on the other hand, the risks run by the user.
  • a freewheel device is inserted between the movement transmission device and each drive wheel with which it is coupled.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous, insofar as it allows an additional lengthening of each "step" of the skater, thanks to the free rolling of the skate after his pedal has reached the fully depressed position; of course, in the event of danger, the skater may immediately interrupt this free rolling on one foot, by putting the other foot on the ground and braking the corresponding skate, the other skate being able to be lifted off the ground without inconvenience, or stay in contact.
  • the pedal of the roller skate has its rear part connected to the chassis by at least one link, articulated at its two ends so as to pivot freely in a vertical, longitudinal plane, between two positions , one front and the other rear, which correspond respectively to the standby position of the pedal and to its actuation position; on the other hand, two elastically deformable members, such as springs, are provided, the first to return the link from its rear position to its front position, and the second, to return the pedal from its depressed position to its position. actuation or waiting.
  • this embodiment of the invention is particularly safe insofar as each stroke of the skater's heel, which makes the articulated link pivot backwards, certainly moves the front of the pedal away from the braking device, if although the motor actuation of the pedal can take place without any risk of simultaneous actuation of the braking device.
  • the first spring can attack the motion transmission device, so that, after being tensioned by the pivoting of the link from the front to the 'rear, the relaxation of said first spring, during depressing of the pedal, strengthens the driving action of the latter.
  • This characteristic offers the advantage of storing in a way the effort corresponding to the heel kick of the skater, in the tension of the first spring, this energy, thus stored, being then recovered, during the depressing of the pedal, to reinforce its driving action.
  • means are provided for removably attaching to the pedal of the roller skate according to the present invention, only the front part of the skater's foot, his heel remaining free to lift.
  • This arrangement facilitates the use of skates according to the invention in "normal walking” as explained above: in fact, the skater can thus, at the end of each step, lift the heel above the skate, before lifting and advancing the foot and the corresponding shoe.
  • the drive wheel or rollers are mounted in the middle part of the chassis, the front and rear parts of which each carry at least one caster mad, of equal or different diameter; on the other hand, the two planes tangent to a drive wheel and, respectively, to a front wheel or to a rear wheel, preferably form an obtuse angle between them, differing from 180 degrees only by a few degrees or by a few tens of degrees.
  • each stroke of the skater's heel applies the rear caster to the ground, which promotes movement of the skate pedal from its standby position to its actuating position.
  • each depression of the pedal, or when it is in its waiting position each stroke of the tip, given by the skater on the front of the pedal, rotates the whole skate around the drive wheel or rollers, so that the front wheel or rollers are applied to the ground, the rear wheel or rollers being raised above the ground.
  • Figures 1 to 3 are views in partial section through the longitudinal, vertical plane of symmetry of the shoe, which show its pedal respectively in its braking position, in its actuating position and in its depressed position.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view, corresponding to Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of a shoe according to the invention whose mechanism is in the "standby” position .
  • Figure 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 5 in which the mechanism is in the "actuation" position.
  • Figure 7 is a view similar to that of Figure 5 in which the mechanism is in the "braking” position.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the skate according to the embodiment of Figures 5 to 7.
  • Figure 9 is a top view, the pedal being removed from the embodiment of Figures 5 to 8.
  • Figure 10 is a rear view of the skate according to the embodiment of Figures 5 to 8.
  • 1 denotes the chassis of the roller skate, which can be made up in different ways, for example in the form of an elongated beam, of small height and small width, but sufficiently strong to support the weight of the skater.
  • Two drive rollers, 2a and 2b having several centimeters in diameter, are mounted on the middle part of the elongated frame, 1, on either side thereof.
  • an axis 3, on the ends of which the two wheels are wedged, 2a and 2b passes through a transverse bearing (not shown), mounted in the chassis 1.
  • Two idler rollers, 4a and 4b are carried by the front part of the chassis 1, and two other idler rollers, 5a and 5b, by its rear part.
  • the pairs of rollers 2a-2b, 4a-4b and 5a-5b are arranged so that the two planes are tangent to the middle rollers 2a-2b and, respectively, to the front rollers 4a-4b, or at the rear rollers, 5a-5b, form an obtuse angle between them, the difference of which with 180 degrees, designated by a in FIG. 1, has a value of a few degrees, or at most a few tens of degrees. Thanks to this arrangement, it can be seen that the frame 1 of the skate can rest on the ground, designated by S, either by its two pairs of wheels 2a-2b and 4a-4b, or by its two pairs of wheels 2a-2b and 5a -5b, as will be described later in more detail.
  • a pedal 6 which, in the illustrated embodiment, consists essentially of a substantially rectangular plate, for example metallic, the dimensions of which are slightly greater than that required by the size of the skaters to whom the skate in question is intended.
  • removable fasteners for the skater's foot which, in the illustrated embodiment, have been materialized by a kind of slipper -or toe-clip-, 7, which retains only the front part of the skater's foot 8, whose heel, 8a, is on the other hand left free to lift.
  • the rear part of the sole 6 is connected to the corresponding part of the chassis 1, by two links 9a and 9b, each of which has its articulated ends, one 9a1 (FIG. 1), below the rear of pedal 6, and the other, 9a2, on the rear of chassis 1, so that said links 9a and 9b can freely pivot each in a longitudinal vertical plane, parallel to the vertical plane of symmetry of the pad (designated by III-III in Figure 4).
  • each of the wings 11a and 11b On the inner face of each of the wings 11a and 11b, near its upper front corner, is articulated (at 14a in FIG. 1) a lever, 15a or 15b, the lower arm of which is brought back down by a spring such as 16a, hooked to the chassis 1, while its other arm carries an idler roller, 17a or 17b, which, in the equilibrium position of the lever 15a, under the action of the spring 16a, protrudes above the edge upper part of the cam 13a, as visible in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the pedal 6 occupies the position illustrated in FIG.
  • each lever such as 15a
  • the brake shoe 19a, associated with each of the middle rollers, such as 2a is carried by a part 20a, which is pivotally mounted, at 21a, on the chassis 1, and which is recalled towards a position in which the brake shoe 19a is moved away from the corresponding caster 2a, as visible in FIGS. 2 and 3, by a spring, 22a, stretched between the pivoting part 20a and a point on the chassis 1, for example close to the 'axis of the rear rollers 5a and 5b.
  • rollers 12a and 12b mounted idly in front of the pedal 6, are erased relative to the rollers 17a and 17b, carried by the levers 15a and 15b, as visible in FIGS. 2 and 3, the springs such as 16a bring the levers 15a and 15b and the rollers 17a and 17b into the rest positions visible in FIGS. 2 and 3, while the springs such as 22a ensure the release of the brake shoes such as 19a.
  • the toothed wheel 23, which could be replaced by a toothed sector, of suitable angle, has its axis, 23a, mounted freely rotating in a bearing (not shown), carried by the chassis 1.
  • the toothed wheel 23, whose diameter must be significantly lower than that of the middle rollers, 2a and 2b, to prevent it from hitting asperities of the ground, meshes with a pinion 24, which is wedged on the axis 3 of the middle rollers 2a, 2b, with interposition a freewheel device, for example a ratchet wheel, cooperating with a pawl; as freewheeling devices of this kind are well known, it is not necessary to describe it in detail, and the scale of the various figures has moreover not made it possible to represent it.
  • this freewheel device is arranged so as to allow the free rolling of the middle rollers 2a and 2b at speeds of rotation greater than the instantaneous speed of rotation communicated to it by the pinion 24, meshing with the toothed wheel 23
  • a pusher 25 is fixed transversely below the pedal 6, at the level of a finger 26, itself fixed transversely to the toothed wheel 23, or to the equivalent toothed sector.
  • the toothed wheel 23 On either side of the finger 26, the toothed wheel 23 further carries two lugs, 27 and 28, to which the first ends of two springs 29 and 30 are hung respectively, the second end of the spring 29 is hooked to a transverse axis joining the upper joints of the links 9a and 9b; the second end of the spring 30 is fixed to the chassis 1, for example near the axis of the rear rollers, 5a and 5b.
  • a spring, 31, is interposed between the chassis 1 and an appropriate point on the underside of the pedal 6, this point being located between the pusher 25 and the guide rollers 12a and 12b.
  • the skater To be propelled by the skate according to the present invention, which is provided for example with his right foot, the skater must then give a heel kick on the rear of the pedal 6, which was then in its waiting position. This has the effect of pivoting the rods 9a and 9b towards their extreme rear position, defined by stops such as 33a, which can be embodied for example by the ends of a rod whose middle part is fixed to the rear of the chassis 1, and whose length is sufficient.
  • the energy developed by the skater's heel kick is stored in the spring 29, which tightens, the toothed wheel 23 remaining in its rest position, visible in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the skater then actuates with his foot the pedal 6 so as to rotate it around the upper articulations, 9al and 9b1, of the links 9a and 9b.
  • the pedal 6 With this depression movement of the pedal 6, its front rollers, 12a and 12b, are guided respectively by the rear edges, substantially vertical, of the cams 13a and 13b, which certainly avoids any untimely actuation of the control levers, 15a and 15b, braking devices.
  • compression of the spring 31, and the lower end of the pusher 25, which, in the actuation position of FIG.
  • the attachment point 27 of the spring 29 also moves in the direction of the arrow f, and when said point 27 has reached above the axis 23a, said spring 29 can relax; thus the energy which had previously been stored in the spring 29, when the skater had given a heel kick, then reinforces the driving action of the pedal 6 on the median rollers 2a and 2b.
  • Figure 3 shows the pedal 6 in its fully depressed position, which can be defined for example by lower stops, not shown, and in which the pedal is again substantially horizontal, the entire pad having pivoted around the rollers driving 2a, 2b, so that it is now the front rollers 4a, 4b which are in contact with the ground S.
  • the pusher 25 ceases to exert a driving action on the toothed wheel 23 and, via the pinion 24 , on the middle rollers 2a and 2b, these will roll freely when, in the following seconds, the skate and the skater continue to advance by inertia, that is to say due to the kinetic energy that the present propulsion has given them.
  • the front rollers, 12a and 12b, of the pedal 6 therefore return to the upper parts of the cams 13a and 13b, also thanks to the relaxation of the spring 31, so that said pedal 6 finds itself in its standby position, and that , when the skater rests his right foot on the ground, he is able to brake, immediately, or at any later time, by tapping the front of the pedal 6.
  • This first embodiment of the invention may include variants indicated below by way of nonlimiting examples.
  • a rigid sole 34 for example of a metallic material, is interposed between, on the one hand, the pedal 6, and, on the other hand, the slipper 7 and the heel 8a of the foot skater; this rigid sole 34, the dimensions of which are adapted to those of the skater's foot, is joined to the middle part of the pedal 6 by a vertical pivot axis, 35, and blocking means (not shown) are provided to block the sole 34 on the pedal 6 in different positions, where the longitudinal axis, designated by A in FIG. 4, makes, with the longitudinal axis (III-III in FIG. 4), an angle ⁇ , the value of which can be adjusted, preferably continuously, for example between 0 and ⁇ 30 degrees.
  • this arrangement facilitates the use of roller skates according to the present invention by skaters whose feet are normally separated, when their heels are joined, by an angle 2p.
  • the angle can receive a positive or negative value, to allow adaptation to skaters whose axes of the two feet normally form a V, having its point facing either forward or backward.
  • the shoe can optionally be provided with a single drive wheel, for example 2a, the other middle wheel, 2b, being mounted idle. It is also possible to remove the second middle wheel 2b, and to arrange the frame 1 so that the single drive wheel, 2a, is located substantially in the plane of symmetry (III-111 in FIG. 4) of the shoe.
  • the total number of skate casters according to the present invention is optional, although it cannot be less than three. In the case where it is provided with two central rollers, it may have only one roller at the front and / or at the rear. In all these cases, the angle indicated in FIG. 1 can have a zero value, so that all of the skate wheels are always applied to the ground.
  • the skate may also not have central rollers, but only two rollers at the front or at the rear, and at least one roller at the rear or at the front, at least one of these rollers being driven.
  • roller skate could, as a variant, be provided with means making it possible to fix on the pedal 6, or on the midsole 34, the entire foot 8 of the skater, including his heel 8a.
  • the means for guiding the pedal 6 between its different positions can be produced in various ways; in particular, the guiding of the rear part of the pedal 6 by the wings 10a, 10b of the rear yoke is optional. The same does not apply to the guidance of the front part of the pedal 6 by the wings 11a and 11b of the front yoke; equivalent means could also be provided for laterally guiding the middle part of the pedal 6. In any case, these bilateral guides could be replaced by monolateral guides, possibly acting on opposite sides of the pedal 6.
  • the guide rollers 12a and 12b are optional and the cams 13a and 13b can have different shapes, or be replaced by equivalent means, to prevent the pedal 6 from actuating the control levers, 15a and 15b, of the braking devices when it passes from its actuation position of FIG. 2, to its position of depression of FIG. 3.
  • These braking devices themselves, and their control levers, 15a and 15b, are also capable of very diverse embodiments, comprising for example jaw brakes of the type used on bicycles.
  • skate casters according to the present invention on which the braking devices act, is optional material; theoretically, it suffices to be able to brake a single caster, regardless of its position relative to the elongated chassis 1; however, it is preferable to brake at least two casters located on either side of the chassis 1 simultaneously.
  • the pusher 25, fixed below the pedal 6, and the transverse finger 26, fixed to the toothed wheel 23, or to the equivalent toothed sector, can be replaced by a connecting rod, the two ends of which are articulated around horizontal axes, one below the pedal 6, and the other, on one face of the toothed wheel or of the equivalent toothed sector, at a point close to that occupied by the finger 26 in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the motion transmission device which consists, in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS.
  • the rear of the pedal 6 could be connected to the rear of the chassis 1, by a single link, similar to 9a and 9b, but arranged so as to pivot in the vertical plane of symmetry of the pad (designated by III-III on Figure 4).
  • the single compressed spring 31 could be replaced by a more compressed spring, notably two similar lateral springs, compressed respectively between the edges of the pedal 6 and the ends of a plate fixed transversely to the chassis 1.
  • the shape and construction of the chassis 1 are optional materials. Instead of having its rear part supported by one or two links, such as 9a and 9b, the pedal 6 could be pivotally mounted relative to the chassis 1 around one or two separate transverse axes, by means of members. known mechanics.
  • an additional spring could be stretched between an appropriate point of the chassis 1 and one to the monk of the links 9a and 9b, to help bring the pedal 6 from its rear position to its standby position.
  • the finger 26 for controlling the toothed wheel 23 can advantageously be replaced by a loose roller.
  • the second embodiment of a skate according to the invention is shown, seen from the side and in section, in FIGS. 5 to 8. In these views, one of the lateral sides of the chassis 1 has been removed to facilitate the understanding of the figures.
  • the chassis consists of a U-shaped beam in the wings of which passes, approximately halfway along, an axis 3 supporting the drive rollers 2a and 2b.
  • Two idler rollers 32a and 32b are provided in the axis of the beam and at its ends. The position of the axes of the idler rollers is preferably provided so that only the drive rollers and an idler wheel rest on the ground at the same time.
  • This arrangement defines two support polygons, a rear polygon and a front polygon, corresponding to the points of application of the body weight during walking or running movements. Indeed, walking is done by first placing the heel on the ground; during this phase, the body weight is transferred to the heel. When you want to stop, it is the front part of the advanced foot that supports the weight of the body and transmits it to the ground. In the skate according to the invention, natural movements have been taken into account to control the actuation of the skate or the braking by displacement of the weight of the body in the rear or front lift polygons.
  • the axis of the driving castors is brought closer to the caster rear than front caster. This position makes it easier to maintain the skid braking position and ensures stability at rest.
  • the movement transmission device (FIGS. 5 to 9) comprises a lever 33, articulated at one end on an axis 34, held in the chassis 1.
  • the other end of the lever is provided an axis 35 carrying, in its middle, a mad pulley 36 (Fig. 9) and at its ends, two rollers 37a, 37b.
  • These two rollers move in raceways 38a, 38b provided on the front longitudinal edges of the pedal 6 when the latter pivots around a first axis 39 carried by the legs 40a, 40b of a stirrup 40, the role will be specified later.
  • a first cable 41 one end of which is fixed to the central body 42, passes over the pulley 36 of the lever 33, then over a pulley 43 held in the central body 42 and is wound around a first drum part 44 at which it is fixed.
  • a second cable 45 one end of which is fixed by means of a spring 46 acting as a return system, is wound on the second part of the drum in the opposite direction to that of the first cable 41. In order to limit the size and however having a sufficient length of the second cable 45, the latter is folded over a pulley 47.
  • the drum 44 is mounted on the shaft 3, carrying the rollers
  • the drum 44 also carries a toothed wheel 48 capable of cooperating with the pawl 49 whose position and operation will be indicated later.
  • the braking device comprises a disc 50 keyed onto the axis 3 of the drive rollers and a friction pad actuated by the central body.
  • the shoe consists of a belt 51, fixed at one of its ends to the chassis 1, and the other end of which is fixed by means of a cable to a part of the central body 42.
  • a return spring 52 is provided between the end of the belt connected to the central body and the chassis 1.
  • the selection and control device forming a part of the braking and motion transmission devices, by which braking or propulsion is enabled, comprises the caliper 40, the central body 42, the pawl 49 and a pivoting stop 53
  • the legs 40a and 40b of the stirrup 40 form bent levers pivoting around a second axis 54 secured to the chassis, one end of the levers carrying the axis 39 on which the rear of the pedal 6 pivots.
  • the other end of the levers forms stops 55a-55b which limit the rotational movement of the stirrup upwards against the action of a spring 56 and allows the rear part of the pedal to immobilize during the waiting positions and braking.
  • the pivoting stop 53 consists of a U-shaped piece with a length corresponding to the length separating the legs 40a-40b (acting as rods) from the stirrup 40 and between which it can at least partially penetrate. This part pivots around a third axis 57 secured to the chassis passing through the end of its wings. The opposite end of the wings has a notch 58 in which the rear part of the transverse branch of the stirrup 40 is capable of being placed.
  • the central body 42 and the pawl 49 are arranged inside the branches of the pivoting stop 53 and on the same third axis 57.
  • the central body 42 is divided into two parts on either side of the axis 57: an upper part comprising, at its free end, a hook 59 directed towards the stirrup 40, and, at its lower part, an arm 60 at the end of which the braking belt cable 51 is fixed.
  • the upper part of the body central is hollowed out to form the yoke of the pulley 43 (FIG. 10) over which the cable 41 for transmitting movement passes.
  • the pawl 49 has an approximately U shape and pivots on the third axis 57 which crosses its transverse branch.
  • the upper lateral branch 61 when the stirrup 40 rests on the notch 58 of the pivoting stop 53, is provided so as to be above the transverse branch of the stirrup 40 but not in contact, while the branch lower lateral 62 is engaged with the teeth of the toothed wheel 48 under the action of a return spring 63.
  • Figure 5 shows the shoe in the waiting position. This position corresponds to the shoe fixed under the foot, the latter being raised, the shoe therefore bearing no weight.
  • the front of the foot 8 (soles and toes) is held on the pedal 6 by straps 64 (or any other device) and the back (heel) is loosely connected to the back of the pedal 6 by a device allowing the detachment of the heel 8a of the pedal.
  • the elements of the selection and control device are arranged as follows: the pivoting stop 53 pivots rearward as a result of its contact with the central body 42 which is pulled rearward by the return spring 52
  • the stirrup 40 rests by its stops 55a, 55b against the chassis 1 under the action of the spring 56.
  • the pawl 49 is engaged on the teeth of the toothed wheel 48 under the action of its return spring 63.
  • Figures 6 and 8 show the elements of the control and selection device in the position allowing propulsion.
  • the pedal 6 begins to sink from the rear by tilting the stirrup 40 whose transverse branch comes in front of the hook 59 and below it, presses against the upper lateral branch 61 of the pawl 49, which separates the lower lateral branch 62 from the toothed wheel 48.
  • the pedal 6 pivots forward and comes to rest via the rollers 37a, 37b on the lever 33 which swings forward in pulling on the first cable 41.
  • the cable 41 passing around the pulley 43 of the central body 42, presses the central body against the stirrup by applying the hook 59 against the transverse branch of the stirrup.
  • the calliper return spring can no longer act and the calliper is held under the hook 59.
  • the cable 41 drives the drum 44 by unwinding against the action of the spring 46, to which the second cable 45 is attached, and which is wound on the second part of the drum 44. Via the ratchet system contained in the drum, the rollers are rotated anti-clockwise. When the needs of propulsion require the lifting of the shoe above the ground for the installation of the second foot, the control and selection elements return to their waiting position allowing the cable 41 to be rewound around the drum and the spring to return 46 to his relaxed position.
  • Figure 7 shows the position of the control and selection elements in the braking position.
  • the pedal 6 acts on the lever 33 by tilting it forward.
  • the cable 41 passing through the pulley 36 of the lever pivots the central body 42 forwards under the transverse branch of the stirrup, while the pivoting stop 53 advances under the action of its return spring under the bracket to limit its downward rotation.
  • the pawl 49, under the action of its return spring, is brought into contact with the toothed wheel 48 and prevents any movement. As a result, the drum 44 is blocked and, unable to rotate, the length of the cable 41 is fixed.
  • the pivoting stop 53 and the central body 42 can form a single piece, the central body being extended towards the rear by a cylindrical part centered on the axis 57 and of radius equal to the distance from this axis at the lower edge of the transverse branch of the stirrup 40 when the legs of the latter are in abutment on the chassis.
  • selection and control means can be used for starting movement transmission or braking devices other than those described, for example devices using pneumatic or electrical means, by action on valves or contactors.

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  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)
  • Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

A roller skate in which the automatic action of normal walking produces a driving action on the wheels. A heel kick to the pedal of the skate causes the putting in operative position of a control device. During the lifting of the skate, the control device comes back to a standby position. A toe kick to the pedal after the waiting position causes the putting in braking position of the control device. The braking is controlled by the depression of the pedal and is progressive. The control device is locked in the position selected and a new position requires the reversion to the standby position.

Description

La présente invention concerne un patin à roulettes.The present invention relates to a roller skate.

Bien qu'il permette d'atteindre des vitesses de déplacement élevées, l'emploi des patins à roulettes usuels revêt un certain caractère sportif, qui le limite, en raison des risques inévitables, en général aux personnes jeunes ou ayant une longue pratique.Although it makes it possible to reach high traveling speeds, the use of the usual roller skates has a certain sporting character, which limits it, because of the inevitable risks, in general to people young or having a long practice.

Les risques mentionnés sont évidemment liés aux difficultés d'arrêt. On a certes imaginé de munir la partie avant des patins à roulettes usuels d'un organe élastique, que le patineur peut amener au contact du sol en appliquant sur l'avant du patin une poussée avec la pointe de son pied. Il s'agit bien entendu d'un moyen de freinage très rudimentaire, qui peut même se révéler dangereux si le roulement du patin est interrompu brutalement par une rencontre entre l'organe élastique mentionné et une aspérité du sol. Bien qu'il ne paraisse pas impossible d'imaginer des dispositifs de freinage moins aléatoires, et notamment à action progressive, il convient de remarquer que le serrage répété de freins de ce genre, par un patineur inexpérimenté ou pusillanime, l'obligerait à chaque fois à renouveler son effort de lancement, ce qui rendrait la circulation avec de tels patins à roulettes, très fatigante.The risks mentioned are obviously linked to difficulties in stopping. It has certainly been imagined to provide the front part of the usual roller skates with an elastic member, which the skater can bring into contact with the ground by applying a push on the front of the skate with the tip of his foot. This is of course a very rudimentary means of braking, which can even prove dangerous if the rolling of the pad is abruptly interrupted by a meeting between the elastic member mentioned and an asperity of the ground. Although it does not seem impossible to imagine less random braking devices, and in particular with progressive action, it should be noted that the repeated application of brakes of this kind, by an inexperienced or faint-hearted skater, would oblige him to each times to renew its launching effort, which would make traffic with such roller skates, very tiring.

On connaît du brevet FR-A- 2 300 588 un patin à quatre roues dont la semelle, fixée au pied de l'opérateur, permet une inclinaison vers l'intérieur des virages. Pour compenser l'inclinaison du châssis dans les virages les roues avant sont montées sur un palonnier oscillant. La patin comporte en outre un dispositif de freinage à disques dont la garniture, collée sur la jante des roues avant et arrière, est pressée par un disque, immobilisé en rotation, actionné par une rampe hélicoïdale. La rampe est commandée par une tringle qui est articulée à la semelle par un axe et est actionnée par l'inclinaison de la semelle vers l'arrière. En position normale, la semelle repose sur une butée.Patent FR-A-2 300 588 discloses a four-wheel skate, the sole of which, fixed to the operator's foot, allows an inclination towards the inside of the turns. To compensate for the inclination of the chassis when cornering, the front wheels are mounted on an oscillating lifter. The shoe further comprises a disc braking device, the lining of which, glued to the rim of the front and rear wheels, is pressed by a disc, immobilized in rotation, actuated by a helical ramp. The ramp is controlled by a rod which is articulated to the sole by an axis and is actuated by the inclination of the sole backwards. In normal position, the sole rests on a stop.

Ce dispositif de freinage supprime une partie des inconvénients de freinage précédemment décrite en permettant un freinage moine brutal.This braking device eliminates part of the braking disadvantages previously described by allowing brutal monk braking.

L'un des buts essentiels de la présente invention est de permettre la réalisation d'un patin à roulettes qui, d'une part, offre la possibilité d'un freinage progressif, parfaitement sûr en toutes circonstances, et qui, d'autre part, est aménagé de façon à permettre au patineur d'exercer avec son pied une action motrice sur l'une au moins des roulettes du patin dont il est équipé, ces deux possibilités concourant à enlever tout caractère sportif à l'emploi des patins à roulettes selon la présente invention, qui devient ainsi accessible, après un entraînement très bref, même aux personnes âgées.One of the essential aims of the present invention is to allow the production of a roller skate which, on the one hand, offers the possibility of progressive braking, perfectly safe in all circumstances, and which, on the other hand , is arranged so as to allow the skater to exercise with his foot a driving action on at least one of the rollers of the skate with which he is equipped, these two possibilities contributing to removing any sporting character from the use of roller skates according to the present invention, which thus becomes accessible, after a very brief training, even to the elderly.

Le patin à roulettes selon une forme de réalisation de l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un châssis à roulettes, sur lequel une pédale, adaptée pour supporter le pied, est montée pivotante autour d'au moins un axe transversal, entre une position d'attente, et une position d'actionnement, atteinte chaque fois que le patineur applique, avec son talon, une poussée sur l'arrière de la pédale en position d'attente, un dispositif de freinage, qui est monté sur le châssis de façon à être actionné chaque fois que le patineur applique, avec la pointe de son pied, une poussée sur l'avant de la pédale en position d'attente, un dispositif de transmission de mouvement, qui est monté sur le châssis de façon à être actionné chaque fois que le patineur applique, avec son pied, une poussée descendante sur la pédale, la faisant passer de sa position d'actionnement à une position d'enfoncement, et qui est accouplé avec l'une au moins des roulettes, de façon à exercer sur elle une action motrice à chaque actionnement de la pédale, ainsi que des moyens élastiques, tels que des ressorts, pour ramener la pédale, lorsque le patineur lève le pied, de sa position d'enfoncement à sa position d'attente.The roller skate according to one embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a roller frame, on which a pedal, adapted to support the foot, is pivotally mounted around at least one transverse axis, between a waiting position, and an actuating position, reached each time the skater applies, with his heel, a push on the rear of the pedal in the waiting position, a braking device, which is mounted on the chassis so as to be actuated each time the skater applies, with the tip of his foot, a push on the front of the pedal in the standby position, a movement transmission device, which is mounted on the chassis so to be actuated each time the skater applies, with his foot, a downward push on the pedal, causing it to pass from its actuating position to a depressed position, and which is coupled with at least one of the rollers, so as to exert a mo action on it trice each actuation of the pedal, as well as elastic means, such as springs, to return the pedal, when the skater lifts the foot, from its depressed position to its standby position.

La sécurité d'emploi du patin à roulettes selon la présente invention résulte évidemment de ce que, dans la position d'attente de la pédale, le patineur peut à tout instant freiner sa progression en donnant "un coup de pointe" sur ladite pédale, après quoi, ayant obtenu la vitesse réduite ou l'arrêt souhaité, le patineur peut poursuivre ou reprendre son déplacement en appliquant à la pédale du patin d'abord un "coup de talon", puis en enfonçant la pédale sous l'effet de son poids. Lorsque celle-ci atteint sa position d'enfoncement maximal, le patineur peut alors lever au-dessus du sol, son pied muni du patin, en s'appuyant pour cela sur son autre pied, qui peut d'ailleurs être muni ou non d'un patin à roulettes selon la présente invention - ou même éventuellement d'un patin à roulettes usuel - . Dès que le premier patin a cessé d'être appliqué sur le sol, les moyens élastiques dont il est pourvu amène sa pédale de sa position d'enfoncement à sa position d'attente, et le patineur peut poser à nouveau ledit premier patin sur le sol, puis freiner en cas de besoin.The safety of use of the roller skate according to the present invention obviously results from the fact that, in the standby position of the pedal, the skater can at any time slow down his progress by giving "a sharp stroke" on said pedal, after which, having obtained the reduced speed or the desired stop, the skater can continue or resume his movement by applying to the skate pedal first a "heel kick", then by depressing the pedal under the effect of his weight. When this one reaches its position of maximum insertion, the skater can then raise above the ground, his foot provided with the skate, by leaning for that on his other foot, which can besides be provided or not d 'a roller skate according to the present invention - or even possibly a usual roller skate -. As soon as the first skate has ceased to be applied to the ground, the elastic means with which it is provided brings its pedal from its depressed position to its standby position, and the skater can again place said first skate on the ground, then brake if necessary.

En fait, il est préférable, mais non obligatoire, que les deux pieds du patineur soient équipés avec des patins à roulettes selon la présente invention, car l'emploi d'une telle paire de patins peut alors différer beaucoup de celui d'une paire de patins usuels, et ne faire appel notamment qu'aux automatismes de la marche normale, ce qui est doublement favorable en réduisant, d'une part, la durée d'apprentissage du patinage, et, d'autre part, les risques encourus par l'utilisateur. En effet, si après avoir actionné par exemple la pédale de son patin droit comme on l'a précédemment décrit, alors que son pied gauche, également équipé d'un patin selon la présente invention, est levé au-dessus du sol dans un mouvement de marche normale, dès que le patineur a reposé son patin gauche sur le sol, il peut soulever son pied droit et permettre ainsi le retour de la pédale correspondante dans la position d'attente, alors que son pied gauche fait progresser le patin correspondant par l'intermédiaire de sa ou ses roues motrices, actionnées par la pédale correspondante. Bien entendu, à chaque "pas", le patineur franchit une distance qui est supérieure à la longueur habituelle de son pas, de la distance sur laquelle a roulé la roulette motrice du patin correspondant.In fact, it is preferable, but not compulsory, that both feet of the skater be equipped with roller skates according to the present invention, since the use of such a pair of skates can then differ very much from that of a pair. of normal skates, and only to use only the automatisms of normal walking, which is doubly favorable by reducing, on the one hand, the learning time of skating, and, on the other hand, the risks run by the user. Indeed, if after having actuated for example the pedal of his right skate as previously described, while his left foot, also equipped with a skate according to the present invention, is raised above the ground in a movement normal walking, as soon as the skater has rested his left skate on the ground, he can lift his right foot and allow the return of the corresponding pedal to the waiting position, while his left foot does advance the corresponding pad via its drive wheel or wheels, actuated by the corresponding pedal. Of course, at each "step", the skater crosses a distance which is greater than the usual length of his step, of the distance over which the drive wheel of the corresponding skate has rolled.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée du patin à roulettes selon la présente invention, un dispositif de roue libre est inséré entre le dispositif de transmission de mouvement et chaque roulette motrice avec laquelle il est accouplé.In a preferred embodiment of the roller skate according to the present invention, a freewheel device is inserted between the movement transmission device and each drive wheel with which it is coupled.

Cette forme de réalisation est particulièrement avantageuse, dans la mesure où elle permet un allongement supplémentaire de chaque "pas" du patineur, grâce au roulement libre du patin après que sa pédale est parvenue en position d'enfoncement maximal; bien entendu, en cas de danger, le patineur pourra interrompre aussitôt ce roulement libre sur un pied, en posant l'autre pied au sol et en freinant le patin correspondant, l'autre patin pouvant sans inconvénient être soulevé au-dessus du sol, ou bien rester à son contact.This embodiment is particularly advantageous, insofar as it allows an additional lengthening of each "step" of the skater, thanks to the free rolling of the skate after his pedal has reached the fully depressed position; of course, in the event of danger, the skater may immediately interrupt this free rolling on one foot, by putting the other foot on the ground and braking the corresponding skate, the other skate being able to be lifted off the ground without inconvenience, or stay in contact.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, la pédale du patin à roulettes a sa partie arrière reliée au châssis par au moins une biellette, articulée à ses deux extrémités de façon à pivoter librement dans un plan vertical, longitudinal, entre deux positions, l'une avant et l'autre arrière, qui correspondent respectivement à la position d'attente de la pédale et à sa position d'actionnement; d'autre part, deux organes élastiquement déformables, tels que des ressorts, sont prévus, le premier pour ramener la biellette de sa position arrière à sa position avant, et le second, pour ramener la pédale de sa position d'enfoncement à sa position d'actionnement ou d'attente.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the pedal of the roller skate has its rear part connected to the chassis by at least one link, articulated at its two ends so as to pivot freely in a vertical, longitudinal plane, between two positions , one front and the other rear, which correspond respectively to the standby position of the pedal and to its actuation position; on the other hand, two elastically deformable members, such as springs, are provided, the first to return the link from its rear position to its front position, and the second, to return the pedal from its depressed position to its position. actuation or waiting.

Le fonctionnement de cette forme de réalisation de l'invention est particulièrement sûr dans la mesure où chaque coup de talon du patineur, qui fait pivoter la biellette articulée vers l'arrière, éloigne certainement l'avant de la pédale du dispositif de freinage, si bien que l'actionnement moteur de la pédale peut avoir lieu sans aucun risque d'actionnement simultané du dispositif de freinage.The operation of this embodiment of the invention is particularly safe insofar as each stroke of the skater's heel, which makes the articulated link pivot backwards, certainly moves the front of the pedal away from the braking device, if although the motor actuation of the pedal can take place without any risk of simultaneous actuation of the braking device.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, le premier ressort peut attaquer le dispositif de transmission de mouvement, de telle sorte que, après avoir été mis sous tension par le pivotement de la biellette de l'avant vers l'arrière, la détente dudit premier ressort, pendant l'enfoncement de la pédale, renforce l'action motrice de cette dernière.According to another advantageous characteristic of this embodiment of the invention, the first spring can attack the motion transmission device, so that, after being tensioned by the pivoting of the link from the front to the 'rear, the relaxation of said first spring, during depressing of the pedal, strengthens the driving action of the latter.

Cette caractéristique offre l'avantage d'emmagasiner en quelque sorte l'effort correspondant au coup de talon du patineur, dans la tension du premier ressort, cette énergie, ainsi emmagasinée, étant ensuite récupérée, pendant l'enfoncement de la pédale, pour renforcer son action motrice.This characteristic offers the advantage of storing in a way the effort corresponding to the heel kick of the skater, in the tension of the first spring, this energy, thus stored, being then recovered, during the depressing of the pedal, to reinforce its driving action.

De préférence, des moyens sont prévus pour fixer, de façon amovible, à la pédale du patin à roulettes selon la présente invention, seulement la partie avant du pied du patineur, son talon restant libre de se soulever. Cette disposition facilite l'emploi des patins selon l'invention dans la "marche normale" comme on l'a expliqué précédemment: en effet, le patineur peut ainsi, à la fin de chaque pas, soulever le talon au-dessus du patin, avant de lever et d'avancer le pied et le patin correspondant.Preferably, means are provided for removably attaching to the pedal of the roller skate according to the present invention, only the front part of the skater's foot, his heel remaining free to lift. This arrangement facilitates the use of skates according to the invention in "normal walking" as explained above: in fact, the skater can thus, at the end of each step, lift the heel above the skate, before lifting and advancing the foot and the corresponding shoe.

Selon une autre caractéristique, facultative mais avantageuse, du patin à roulettes selon la présente invention, la ou les roulettes motrices, de diamètre relativement grand, sont montées dans la partie médiane du châssis, dont les parties avant et arrière portent chacune au moins une roulette folle, de diamètre égal ou différent; d'autre part, les deux plans tangents à une roulette motrice et, respectivement, à une roulette avant ou à une roulette arrière, font de préférence entre eux un angle obtus, ne différant de 180 degrés que par quelques degrés ou par quelques dizaines de degrés.According to another characteristic, optional but advantageous, of the roller skate according to the present invention, the drive wheel or rollers, of relatively large diameter, are mounted in the middle part of the chassis, the front and rear parts of which each carry at least one caster mad, of equal or different diameter; on the other hand, the two planes tangent to a drive wheel and, respectively, to a front wheel or to a rear wheel, preferably form an obtuse angle between them, differing from 180 degrees only by a few degrees or by a few tens of degrees.

Dans le cas de cette réalisation, chaque coup de talon du patineur applique la roulette arrière sur le sol, ce qui favorise le mouvement de la pédale du patin de sa position d'attente vers sa position d'actionnement. Par contre, chaque enfoncement de la pédale, ou bien lorsque celle-ci se trouve dans sa position d'attente, chaque coup de pointe, donné par le patineur sur l'avant de la pédale, fait pivoter l'ensemble du patin autour de la ou des roulettes motrices, de telle sorte que la ou les roulettes avant s'appliquent sur le sol, la ou les roulettes arrière étant soulevées au-dessus du sol.In the case of this embodiment, each stroke of the skater's heel applies the rear caster to the ground, which promotes movement of the skate pedal from its standby position to its actuating position. By cons, each depression of the pedal, or when it is in its waiting position, each stroke of the tip, given by the skater on the front of the pedal, rotates the whole skate around the drive wheel or rollers, so that the front wheel or rollers are applied to the ground, the rear wheel or rollers being raised above the ground.

A titre d'exemple, on a décrit ci-dessous et illustré schématiquement au dessins annexés des formes de réalisation d'un patin à roulettes selon la présente invention.By way of example, there has been described below and illustrated schematically in the accompanying drawings of embodiments of a roller skate according to the present invention.

Les figures 1 à 3 sont des vues en coupe partielle par le plan longitudinal, vertical, de symétrie du patin, qui montrent sa pédale respectivement dans sa position de freinage, dans sa position d'actionnement et dans sa position d'enfoncement. La figure 4 est une vue en plan, correspondant à la figure 3. La figure 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un deuxième exemple de réalisation d'un patin conforme à l'invention dont le mécanisme est dans la position "attente". La figure 6 est une vue semblable à celle de la figure 5 dans laquelle le mécanisme est dans la position "actionnement". La figure 7 est une vue semblable à celle de la figure 5 dans laquelle le mécanisme est dans la position "freinage". La figure 8 est une vue en perspective du patin selon l'exemple de réalisation des figures 5 à 7. La figure 9 est une vue de dessus, la pédale étant retirée de l'exemple de réalisation des figures 5 à 8. La figure 10 est une vue arrière du patin selon l'exemple de réalisation des figures 5 à 8.Figures 1 to 3 are views in partial section through the longitudinal, vertical plane of symmetry of the shoe, which show its pedal respectively in its braking position, in its actuating position and in its depressed position. Figure 4 is a plan view, corresponding to Figure 3. Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of a shoe according to the invention whose mechanism is in the "standby" position . Figure 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 5 in which the mechanism is in the "actuation" position. Figure 7 is a view similar to that of Figure 5 in which the mechanism is in the "braking" position. Figure 8 is a perspective view of the skate according to the embodiment of Figures 5 to 7. Figure 9 is a top view, the pedal being removed from the embodiment of Figures 5 to 8. Figure 10 is a rear view of the skate according to the embodiment of Figures 5 to 8.

Sur le premier exemple de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 4, 1 désigne le châssis du patin à roulettes, qui peut être constitué de différentes façons, par exemple sous la forme d'une poutrelle allongée, de faible hauteur et de faible largeur, mais suffisamment résistante pour supporter le poids du patineur. Deux roulettes motrices, 2a et 2b, ayant plusieurs centimètres de diamètre, sont montées sur la partie médiane du châssis allongé, 1, de part et d'autre de celui-ci. Par exemple, un axe 3, sur les extrémités duquel sont calées les deux roues, 2a et 2b, traverse un palier transversal (non représenté), monté dans le châssis 1. Deux roulettes folles, 4a et 4b, sont portées par la partie avant du châssis 1, et deux autres roulettes folles, 5a et 5b, par sa partie arrière. Dans une forme de réalisation préférée, les paires de roulettes 2a-2b, 4a-4b et 5a-5b sont disposées de manière que les deux plans inférieurement tangents aux roulettes médianes 2a-2b et, respectivement, aux roulettes avant 4a-4b, ou aux roulettes arrière, 5a-5b, font entre eux un angle obtus, dont la différence avec 180 degrée, désignée par a sur la figure 1, a une valeur de quelques degrés, ou au plus de quelques dizaines de degrée. Grâce à cette disposition, on voit que le chassis 1 du patin peut reposer sur le sol, désigné par S, soit par ses deux paires de roues 2a-2b et 4a-4b, soit par ses deux paires de roues 2a-2b et 5a-5b, comme on le décrira ultérieurement plus en détail.On the first example of realization represented in FIGS. 1 to 4, 1 denotes the chassis of the roller skate, which can be made up in different ways, for example in the form of an elongated beam, of small height and small width, but sufficiently strong to support the weight of the skater. Two drive rollers, 2a and 2b, having several centimeters in diameter, are mounted on the middle part of the elongated frame, 1, on either side thereof. For example, an axis 3, on the ends of which the two wheels are wedged, 2a and 2b, passes through a transverse bearing (not shown), mounted in the chassis 1. Two idler rollers, 4a and 4b, are carried by the front part of the chassis 1, and two other idler rollers, 5a and 5b, by its rear part. In a preferred embodiment, the pairs of rollers 2a-2b, 4a-4b and 5a-5b are arranged so that the two planes are tangent to the middle rollers 2a-2b and, respectively, to the front rollers 4a-4b, or at the rear rollers, 5a-5b, form an obtuse angle between them, the difference of which with 180 degrees, designated by a in FIG. 1, has a value of a few degrees, or at most a few tens of degrees. Thanks to this arrangement, it can be seen that the frame 1 of the skate can rest on the ground, designated by S, either by its two pairs of wheels 2a-2b and 4a-4b, or by its two pairs of wheels 2a-2b and 5a -5b, as will be described later in more detail.

Au-dessus du châssis 1 est montée une pédale 6, qui, dans la forme de réalisation illustrée, est constituée essentiellement par une plaque sensiblement rectangulaire, par exemple métallique, dont les dimensions sont un peu supérieures à ce que nécessite la pointure des patineurs auxquels le patin considéré est destiné. Sur la partie avant de la pédale 6 sont disposés des organes de fixation amovibles du pied du patineur, qui, dans la forme de réalisation illustrée, ont été matérialisés par une sorte de babouche -ou de cale-pied-, 7, qui retient seulement la partie avant du pied 8 du patineur, dont le talon, 8a, est par contre laissé libre de se soulever.Above the chassis 1 is mounted a pedal 6, which, in the illustrated embodiment, consists essentially of a substantially rectangular plate, for example metallic, the dimensions of which are slightly greater than that required by the size of the skaters to whom the skate in question is intended. On the front part of the pedal 6 are arranged removable fasteners for the skater's foot, which, in the illustrated embodiment, have been materialized by a kind of slipper -or toe-clip-, 7, which retains only the front part of the skater's foot 8, whose heel, 8a, is on the other hand left free to lift.

D'autre part, la partie arrière de la semelle 6 est reliée à la partie correspondante du châssis 1, par deux biellettes 9a et 9b, dont chacune a ses extrémités articulées, l'une 9a1 (figure 1), en dessous de l'arrière de la pédale 6, et l'autre, 9a2, sur l'arrière du châssis 1, de telle façon que lesdites biellettes 9a et 9b peuvent pivoter librement chacune dans un plan vertical longitudinal, parallèle au plan vertical de symétrie du patin (désigné par III-III sur la figure 4).On the other hand, the rear part of the sole 6 is connected to the corresponding part of the chassis 1, by two links 9a and 9b, each of which has its articulated ends, one 9a1 (FIG. 1), below the rear of pedal 6, and the other, 9a2, on the rear of chassis 1, so that said links 9a and 9b can freely pivot each in a longitudinal vertical plane, parallel to the vertical plane of symmetry of the pad (designated by III-III in Figure 4).

Lors des pivotements des biellettes 9a et 9b dans les plans verticaux précédemment mentionnés, et des mouvemente correspondants de la pédale 6, l'arrière de cette dernière est guidé par les ailes verticales, 10a et 10b, d'une chape, dont la partie médiane est fixée à l'arrière de la poutrelle constituant le châssis 1, tandis que l'avant de la pédale 6 est guidé par les ailes verticales, 11 et 11b, d'une autre chape, dont la partie médiane est fixée à l'avant du châssis 1. Alors que les bords latéraux de la pédale 6 glissent avec un faible frottement au contact des faces internes des ailes 10a et 10b, les mêmes bords sont guidés, à l'avant de la pédale 6, par des galets 12a et 12b, montés fous sur les bords de la pédale 6 et roulant chacun sur une came, 13a ou 13b, qui est fixée par exemple sur la face interne de l'aile correspondante, 11 a ou 11 b, et dont la forme et le rôle seront décrits ultérieurement plus en détail. On voit notamment sur les figures 1 à 3 que les dimensions de chaque came, telle que 13a, dans la direction ascendante et dans la direction arrière, sont respectivement inférieures aux dimensions correspondantes de l'aile 11a, de telle sorte que le galet correspondant, 12a, peut être guidé dans une demi-rainure, comme visible sur la figure 4. Pour réduire encore le frottement entre chacun des galets 12a et 12b d'une part, et la surface de l'aile correspondante, avec laquelle il vient en contact, on peut utiliser des galets presque sphériques ou hémisphériques.During the pivoting of the links 9a and 9b in the vertical planes mentioned above, and corresponding movements of the pedal 6, the rear of the latter is guided by the vertical wings, 10a and 10b, of a yoke, the middle part of which is fixed to the rear of the beam constituting the chassis 1, while the front of the pedal 6 is guided by the vertical wings, 11 and 11b, of another clevis, the middle part of which is fixed to the front of the chassis 1. While the lateral edges of the pedal 6 slide with low friction in contact with the internal faces of the wings 10a and 10b, the same edges are guided, at the front of the pedal 6, by rollers 12a and 12b , mounted idly on the edges of the pedal 6 and each rolling on a cam, 13a or 13b, which is fixed for example on the internal face of the corresponding wing, 11 a or 11 b, and whose shape and role will be described later in more detail. It can be seen in particular in FIGS. 1 to 3 that the dimensions of each cam, such as 13a, in the upward direction and in the rear direction, are respectively less than the corresponding dimensions of the wing 11a, so that the corresponding roller, 12a, can be guided in a half-groove, as visible in FIG. 4. To further reduce the friction between each of the rollers 12a and 12b on the one hand, and the surface of the corresponding wing, with which it comes into contact , almost spherical or hemispherical rollers can be used.

Sur la face interne de chacune des ailes 11 a et 11 b, près de son coin supérieur avant, est articulé (en 14a sur la figure 1) un levier, 15a ou 15b, dont le bras inférieur est rappelé vers le bas par un ressort tel que 16a, accroché au châssis 1, tandis que son autre bras porte un galet fou, 17a ou 17b, qui, dans la position d'équilibre du levier 15a, sous l'action du ressort 16a, fait saillie au-dessus du bord supérieur de la came 13a, comme visible sur les figures 2 et 3. Lorsque, par contre, la pédale 6 occupe la position illustrée sur la figure 1, et que le patineur donne, avec la pointe de son pied, une poussée descendante sur l'avant de ladite pédale 6, chacun des galets de guidage, 12a et 12b, montés fous à l'avant de ladite pédale 6 repousse vers le bas le galet correspondant, 17a ou 17b, en faisant pivoter le levier correspondant, 15a ou 15b, dans le sens horaire, contre la force du ressort 16a ou 16b. Le bras inférieur de chaque levier, tel que 15a, exerce alors une traction, dirigée vers l'avant sur un câble, 18a, de commande du serrage d'une mâchoire de frein 19a, qui est montée au-dessus de la roulette médiane 2a; dans la forme de réalisation illustrée, la mâchoire de frein 19a, associée à chacune des roulettes médianes, telles que 2a, est portée par une pièce 20a, qui est montée pivotante, en 21 a, sur le châssis 1, et qui est rappelée vers une position dans laquelle la mâchoire de frein 19a est écartée de la roulette correspondante 2a, comme visible sur les figures 2 et 3, par un ressort, 22a, tendu entre la pièce pivotante 20a et un point du châssis 1, par exemple voisin de l'axe des roulettes arrière 5a et 5b. Lorsque, comme on le décrira ultérieurement, les galets 12a et 12b, montés fous à l'avant de la pédale 6, sont effacés par rapport aux galets 17a et 17b, portés par les leviers 15a et 15b, comme visible sur les figures 2 et 3, les ressorts tels que 16a aménent les leviers 15a et 15b et les galets 17a et 17b dans les positions de repos visibles sur les figures 2 et 3, tandis que les ressorts tels que 22a assurent le desserrage des mâchoires de frein telles que 19a.On the inner face of each of the wings 11a and 11b, near its upper front corner, is articulated (at 14a in FIG. 1) a lever, 15a or 15b, the lower arm of which is brought back down by a spring such as 16a, hooked to the chassis 1, while its other arm carries an idler roller, 17a or 17b, which, in the equilibrium position of the lever 15a, under the action of the spring 16a, protrudes above the edge upper part of the cam 13a, as visible in FIGS. 2 and 3. When, on the other hand, the pedal 6 occupies the position illustrated in FIG. 1, and the skater gives, with the tip of his foot, a downward push on the 'before said pedal 6, each of the guide rollers, 12a and 12b, mounted idly at the front of said pedal 6 pushes down the corresponding roller, 17a or 17b, by pivoting the corresponding lever, 15a or 15b, clockwise against the force of spring 16a or 16b. The lower arm of each lever, such as 15a, then exerts a traction, directed forwards on a cable, 18a, for controlling the tightening of a brake shoe 19a, which is mounted above the middle wheel 2a ; in the illustrated embodiment, the brake shoe 19a, associated with each of the middle rollers, such as 2a, is carried by a part 20a, which is pivotally mounted, at 21a, on the chassis 1, and which is recalled towards a position in which the brake shoe 19a is moved away from the corresponding caster 2a, as visible in FIGS. 2 and 3, by a spring, 22a, stretched between the pivoting part 20a and a point on the chassis 1, for example close to the 'axis of the rear rollers 5a and 5b. When, as will be described later, the rollers 12a and 12b, mounted idly in front of the pedal 6, are erased relative to the rollers 17a and 17b, carried by the levers 15a and 15b, as visible in FIGS. 2 and 3, the springs such as 16a bring the levers 15a and 15b and the rollers 17a and 17b into the rest positions visible in FIGS. 2 and 3, while the springs such as 22a ensure the release of the brake shoes such as 19a.

La roue dentée 23, qui pourrait être remplacée par un secteur denté, d'angle approprié, a son axe, 23a, monté librement tournant dans un palier (non représenté), porté par le châssis 1. La roue dentée 23, dont le diamètre doit être notablement inférieur à celui des roulettes médianes, 2a et 2b, pour éviter qu'elle ne vienne heurter des aspérités du sol, engrène avec un pignon 24, qui est calé sur l'axe 3 des roulettes médianes 2a, 2b, avec interposition d'un dispositif de roue libre, par exemple une roue à rochet, coopérant avec un cliquet; comme des dispositifs de roue libre de ce genre sont bien connus, il n'est pas nécessaire de le décrire en détail, et l'échelle des différentes figures n'a d'ailleurs pas permis de le représenter. Il suffit de préciser que ce dispositif de roue libre est aménagé de façon à permettre le libre roulement des roulettes médianes 2a et 2b à des vitesses de rotation supérieures à la vitesse instantanée de rotation que lui communique le pignon 24, engrenant avec la roue dentée 23. Un poussoir 25 est fixé transversalement en dessous de la pédale 6, au niveau d'un doigt 26, fixé lui-même transversalement à la roue dentée 23, ou au secteur denté équivalent. De part et d'autre du doigt 26, la roue dentée 23 porte en outre deux ergots, 27 et 28, auxquels sont accrochées respectivement les premières extrémités de deux ressorts 29 et 30, la seconde extrémité du ressort 29 est accrochée à un axe transversal réunissant les articulations supérieures des biellettes 9a et 9b; la seconde extrémité du ressort 30 est fixée au châssis 1, par exemple près de l'axe des roulettes arrière, 5a et 5b. Le rôle des deux ressorts 29 et 30 sera expliqué ultérieurement. Enfin, un ressort, 31, est interposé entre le châssis 1 et un point approprié de la face inférieure de la pédale 6, ce point étant situé entre le poussoir 25 et les galets de guidage 12a et 12b.The toothed wheel 23, which could be replaced by a toothed sector, of suitable angle, has its axis, 23a, mounted freely rotating in a bearing (not shown), carried by the chassis 1. The toothed wheel 23, whose diameter must be significantly lower than that of the middle rollers, 2a and 2b, to prevent it from hitting asperities of the ground, meshes with a pinion 24, which is wedged on the axis 3 of the middle rollers 2a, 2b, with interposition a freewheel device, for example a ratchet wheel, cooperating with a pawl; as freewheeling devices of this kind are well known, it is not necessary to describe it in detail, and the scale of the various figures has moreover not made it possible to represent it. It suffices to specify that this freewheel device is arranged so as to allow the free rolling of the middle rollers 2a and 2b at speeds of rotation greater than the instantaneous speed of rotation communicated to it by the pinion 24, meshing with the toothed wheel 23 A pusher 25 is fixed transversely below the pedal 6, at the level of a finger 26, itself fixed transversely to the toothed wheel 23, or to the equivalent toothed sector. On either side of the finger 26, the toothed wheel 23 further carries two lugs, 27 and 28, to which the first ends of two springs 29 and 30 are hung respectively, the second end of the spring 29 is hooked to a transverse axis joining the upper joints of the links 9a and 9b; the second end of the spring 30 is fixed to the chassis 1, for example near the axis of the rear rollers, 5a and 5b. The role of the two springs 29 and 30 will be explained later. Finally, a spring, 31, is interposed between the chassis 1 and an appropriate point on the underside of the pedal 6, this point being located between the pusher 25 and the guide rollers 12a and 12b.

Le mode d'emploi du patin à roulettes qui vient d'être décrit est le suivant:The user manual for the roller skate just described is as follows:

Lorsque le patineur engage son pied 8 dans la babouche 7, le poids de son corps, si son autre pied est levé au-dessus du sol, ou la moitié seulement du poids de son corps si son autre pied est posé sur le sol, directement ou avec interposition d'un patin à roulettes, est supporté, par l'intermédiaire de la pédale 6, par les biellettes telles que 9a, que le ressort 29 tire dans leur position extrême avant, définie par une butée, telle que 32a, fixée à la face interne de l'aile 10a de la chape arrière, ainsi que par le puissant ressort 31, prenant appui sur le châssis 1. La pédale 6, sur laquelle repose le pied du patineur, occupe alors sa "position d'attente", pratiquement horizontale, qui ne diffère de celle visible sur la figure 1 que par le fait que les galets de guidage 12a et 12b sont relevés au-dessus des galets 17a et 17b des leviers de commande du freinage, 15a et 15b, si bien que les freins 19a et 19b sont desserrés. Dans cette position, le poussoir 25 se trouve en avant et au-dessus du doigt transversal 26 de la roue dentée 23. Bien entendu, dans cette position d'attente de la pédale 6, le patineur peut, à tout instant, freiner les roulettes médianes 2a et 2b en donnant, sur l'avant de la pédale 6, un coup de pointe, qui a pour effet de faire pivoter les leviers 15a et 15b et d'amener les machoires de frein 19a et 19b au contact des roulettes 2a et 2b.When the skater engages his foot 8 in the slipper 7, the weight of his body, if his other foot is raised above the ground, or only half the weight of his body if his other foot is placed on the ground, directly or with the interposition of a roller skate, is supported, by means of the pedal 6, by the rods such as 9a, which the spring 29 pulls in their extreme front position, defined by a stop, such as 32a, fixed on the inner face of the wing 10a of the rear yoke, as well as by the powerful spring 31, bearing on the chassis 1. The pedal 6, on which the skater's foot rests, then occupies its "waiting position" , practically horizontal, which differs from that visible in FIG. 1 only in that the guide rollers 12a and 12b are raised above the rollers 17a and 17b of the brake control levers, 15a and 15b, so that the brakes 19a and 19b are released. In this position, the pusher 25 is located in front of and above the transverse finger 26 of the toothed wheel 23. Of course, in this standby position of the pedal 6, the skater can, at any time, brake the rollers medians 2a and 2b by giving, on the front of the pedal 6, a sharp stroke, which has the effect of pivoting the levers 15a and 15b and bringing the brake shoes 19a and 19b into contact with the rollers 2a and 2b.

Pour se faire propulser par le patin selon la présente invention, dont est muni par exemple son pied droit, le patineur doit alors donner un coup de talon sur l'arrière de la pédale 6, qui se trouvait alors dans sa position d'attente. Ceci a pour effet de faire pivoter les biellettes 9a et 9b vers leur position arrière extrême, définie par des butées telles que 33a, qui peuvent être matérialisées par exemple par les extrémités d'une tige dont la partie médiane est fixée à l'arrière du châssis 1, et dont la longueur est suffisante. L'énergie développée par le coup de talon du patineur est emmagasinée dans le ressort 29, qui se tend, la roue dentée 23 restant dans sa position de repos, visible sur les figures 1 et 2. Le pivotement des biellettes 9a et 9b vers l'arrière entraîne dans la même direction la pédale 6, dont les galets avant, 12a et 12b, sont d'abord guidés par les bords supérieurs respectifs des cames 13a et 13b puis échappent à celles-ci lorsque ladite pédale 6 parvient dans sa position d'actionnement, qui est représentée sur la figure 2, et dans laquelle le poids du patineur est encore équilibré au moins en partie par le ressort 31.To be propelled by the skate according to the present invention, which is provided for example with his right foot, the skater must then give a heel kick on the rear of the pedal 6, which was then in its waiting position. This has the effect of pivoting the rods 9a and 9b towards their extreme rear position, defined by stops such as 33a, which can be embodied for example by the ends of a rod whose middle part is fixed to the rear of the chassis 1, and whose length is sufficient. The energy developed by the skater's heel kick is stored in the spring 29, which tightens, the toothed wheel 23 remaining in its rest position, visible in FIGS. 1 and 2. The pivoting of the links 9a and 9b towards the rear drives in the same direction the pedal 6, the front rollers, 12a and 12b, are first guided by the respective upper edges of the cams 13a and 13b then escape from them when said pedal 6 reaches its position d actuation, which is shown in FIG. 2, and in which the weight of the skater is still balanced at least in part by the spring 31.

Le patineur actionne ensuite avec son pied la pédale 6 de façon à la faire pivoter autour des articulations supérieures, 9al et 9b1, des biellettes 9a et 9b. Pendant ce mouvement d'enfoncement de la pédale 6, ses galets avant, 12a et 12b, sont guidés respectivement par les bords arrière, sensiblement verticaux, des cames 13a et 13b, ce qui évite certainement tout actionnement intempestif des leviers de commande, 15a et 15b, des dispositifs de freinage. Il y a d'autre part compression du ressort 31, et l'extrémité inférieure du poussoir 25, qui, dans la position d'actionnement de la figure 2, avait été amenée au-dessus du doigt transversal 26 de la roue dentée 23, exerce sur ce dernier une poussée descendante, qui a pour effet de faire tourner ladite roue dentée 23 dans le sens de la flèche f (figure 2); il en résulte une rotation, de sens opposé, F, des roulettes médianes, 2a et 2b, sur l'axe 3 desquelles est calé le pignon 24. Cette rotation des roulettes médianes dans le sens de la flèche F a pour effet de faire avancer l'ensemble du patin et du patineur sur une distance qui dépend évidemment de la course d'enfoncement de la pédale 6 ainsi que du rapport du dispositif de transmission de mouvement 25-23-24. Pendant la rotation de la roue dentée 23, le point d'accrochage 27 du ressort 29 se déplace également dans le sens de la flèche f, et lorsque ledit point 27 est parvenu au-dessus de l'axe 23a, ledit ressort 29 peut se détendre; ainsi l'énergie qui avait été précédemment emmagasinée dans le ressort 29, lorsque le patineur avait donné un coup de talon, renforce alors l'action motrice de la pédale 6 sur les roulettes médianes 2a et 2b.The skater then actuates with his foot the pedal 6 so as to rotate it around the upper articulations, 9al and 9b1, of the links 9a and 9b. During this depression movement of the pedal 6, its front rollers, 12a and 12b, are guided respectively by the rear edges, substantially vertical, of the cams 13a and 13b, which certainly avoids any untimely actuation of the control levers, 15a and 15b, braking devices. There is on the other hand compression of the spring 31, and the lower end of the pusher 25, which, in the actuation position of FIG. 2, had been brought above the transverse finger 26 of the toothed wheel 23, exerts on the latter a downward thrust, which has the effect of rotating said toothed wheel 23 in the direction of arrow f (Figure 2); this results in a rotation, in the opposite direction, F, of the middle rollers, 2a and 2b, on the axis 3 of which the pinion 24 is wedged. This rotation of the middle rollers in the direction of the arrow F has the effect of advancing the whole of the skate and the skater over a distance which obviously depends on the depressing stroke of the pedal 6 as well as on the ratio of the motion transmission device 25-23-24. During the rotation of the toothed wheel 23, the attachment point 27 of the spring 29 also moves in the direction of the arrow f, and when said point 27 has reached above the axis 23a, said spring 29 can relax; thus the energy which had previously been stored in the spring 29, when the skater had given a heel kick, then reinforces the driving action of the pedal 6 on the median rollers 2a and 2b.

La figure 3 montre la pédale 6 dans sa position d'enfoncement maximal, qui peut être définie par exemple par des butées inférieures, non représentées, et dans laquelle la pédale est à nouveau sensiblement horizontale, l'ensemble du patin ayant pivoté autour des roulettes motrices 2a, 2b, si bien que ce sont maintenant les roulettes avant 4a, 4b qui sont au contact du sol S. Comme le poussoir 25 cesse d'exercer une action motrice sur la roue dentée 23 et, par l'intermédiaire du pignon 24, sur les roulettes médianes 2a et 2b, celles-ci vont rouler librement lorsque, dans les secondes suivantes, le patin et le patineur continueront à avancer par inertie, c'est-à-dire en raison de l'énergie cinétique que la présente propulsion leur a conférée. A tout instant pendant cette course libre, mais de préférence un peu avant qu'elle ne prenne fin en raison des phénomènes de frottement, le patineur, prenant appui sur le sol avec son pied gauche, lève son pied droit et le patin qui l'équipe, si bien que le ressort 30, en se détendant, fait tourner la roue dentée 23 dans le sens inverse de la flèche f; par suite, le doigt transversal 26 de la roue dentée 23 repousse vers le haut le poussoir 25 et la pédale 6. En fait, comme la pédale 6 est fixée au pied du patineur, c'est le chassis 1 et les roulettes qu'il porte, qui descendent. Par l'intermédiaire du ressort 29, la même rotation de la roue dentée 23 exerce une force de rappel des biellettes 9a et 9b vers leur position extrême avant de la figure 1; les galets avant, 12a et 12b, de la pédale 6 reviennent donc sur les parties supérieures des cames 13a et 13b, grâce également à la détente du ressort 31, si bien que ladite pédale 6 se retrouve dans sa position d'attente, et que, lorsque le patineur repose son pied droit sur le sol, il est en mesure de freiner, aussitôt, ou à n'importe quel moment ultérieur, en donnant un coup de pointe sur l'avant de la pédale 6. En fait, comme on l'a expliqué précédemment, bien qu'il soit possible d'utiliser un unique patin selon la présente invention, l'autre pied du patineur étant soit équipé avec un patin ordinaire, soit sans patin, il est préférable d'utiliser simultanément deux patins selon la présente invention, de la façon qui a été précédemment décrite, de manière à utiliser les automatismes de la marche normale, tout en bénéficiant des importants avantages liés, d'une part, à l'augmentation très importante de la "longueur des pas", donc de la vitesse moyenne d'avance, et, d'autre part, à la possibilité d'un freinage très rapide, en toutes circonstances.Figure 3 shows the pedal 6 in its fully depressed position, which can be defined for example by lower stops, not shown, and in which the pedal is again substantially horizontal, the entire pad having pivoted around the rollers driving 2a, 2b, so that it is now the front rollers 4a, 4b which are in contact with the ground S. As the pusher 25 ceases to exert a driving action on the toothed wheel 23 and, via the pinion 24 , on the middle rollers 2a and 2b, these will roll freely when, in the following seconds, the skate and the skater continue to advance by inertia, that is to say due to the kinetic energy that the present propulsion has given them. At any time during this free race, but preferably a little before it ends due to friction phenomena, the skater, taking support on the ground with his left foot, raises his right foot and the skate which team, so that the spring 30, by relaxing, rotates the toothed wheel 23 in the opposite direction to the arrow f; as a result, the transverse finger 26 of the toothed wheel 23 pushes up the pusher 25 and the pedal 6. In fact, as the pedal 6 is fixed to the skater's foot, it is the chassis 1 and the rollers that it door, coming down. By means of the spring 29, the same rotation of the toothed wheel 23 exerts a return force of the links 9a and 9b towards their extreme front position of FIG. 1; the front rollers, 12a and 12b, of the pedal 6 therefore return to the upper parts of the cams 13a and 13b, also thanks to the relaxation of the spring 31, so that said pedal 6 finds itself in its standby position, and that , when the skater rests his right foot on the ground, he is able to brake, immediately, or at any later time, by tapping the front of the pedal 6. In fact, as we explained above, although it is possible to use a single skate according to the present invention, the other foot of the skater being either equipped with an ordinary skate, or without a skate, it is preferable to use two skates simultaneously according to the present invention, in the manner which has been previously described, so as to use the automatisms of normal walking, while benefiting from the important advantages linked, on the one hand, to the very significant increase in the "length of the steps" ", therefore of the average speed of advance, and, on the other hand, to the possibility of very rapid braking in all circumstances.

Cette première forme de réalisation de l'invention peut comporter des variantes indiquées ci-après à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.This first embodiment of the invention may include variants indicated below by way of nonlimiting examples.

Comme visible sur les figures 1 à 4, une semelle rigide 34, par exemple en un matériau métallique, est intercalée entre, d'une part, la pédale 6, et, d'autre part, la babouche 7 et le talon 8a du pied du patineur; cette semelle rigide 34, dont les dimensions sont adaptées à celles du pied du patineur, est réunie à la partie médiane de la pédale 6 par un axe de pivotement vertical, 35, et des moyens de blocage (non représentés) sont prévus pour bloquer la semelle 34 sur la pédale 6 dans différentes positions, où sont axe longitudinal, désigné par A sur la figure 4, fait, avec l'axe longitudinal (III-III sur la figure 4) un angle β, dont la valeur peut être ajustée, de préférence de façon continue, par exemple entre 0 et ± 30 degrés. On comprend que cette disposition facilite l'emploi des patins à roulettes selon la présente invention par les patineurs dont les pieds sont normalement écartés, lorsque leurs talons sont joints, d'un angle 2p. Bien entendu, l'angle peut recevoir une valeur positive ou négative, pour permettre l'adaptation aux patineurs dont les axes des deux pieds forment normalement un V, ayant sa pointe tournée soit vers l'avant, soit vers l'arrière.As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a rigid sole 34, for example of a metallic material, is interposed between, on the one hand, the pedal 6, and, on the other hand, the slipper 7 and the heel 8a of the foot skater; this rigid sole 34, the dimensions of which are adapted to those of the skater's foot, is joined to the middle part of the pedal 6 by a vertical pivot axis, 35, and blocking means (not shown) are provided to block the sole 34 on the pedal 6 in different positions, where the longitudinal axis, designated by A in FIG. 4, makes, with the longitudinal axis (III-III in FIG. 4), an angle β, the value of which can be adjusted, preferably continuously, for example between 0 and ± 30 degrees. It is understood that this arrangement facilitates the use of roller skates according to the present invention by skaters whose feet are normally separated, when their heels are joined, by an angle 2p. Of course, the angle can receive a positive or negative value, to allow adaptation to skaters whose axes of the two feet normally form a V, having its point facing either forward or backward.

Le patin peut être muni éventuellement d'une seule roulette motrice, par exemple 2a, l'autre roulette médiane, 2b, étant montée folle. Il est aussi possible de supprimer la seconde roulette médiane 2b, et d'aménager le châssis 1 de manière que l'unique roulette motrice, 2a, se trouve sensiblement dans le plan de symétrie (III-111 sur la figure 4) du patin. Le nombre total de roulettes du patin selon la présente invention est matière à option, bien qu'il ne puisse pas être inférieur à trois. Dans le cas où il est pourvu de deux roulettes médianes, il peut ne comporter qu'une seule roulette à l'avant et/ou à l'arrière. Dans tous ces cas, l'angle a indiqué sur la figure 1 peut avoir une valeur nulle, de manière que toutes les roulettes du patin soient toujours appliquées sur le sol. Le patin peut aussi ne pas comporter de roulettes médianes, mais seulement deux roulettes à l'avant ou à l'arrière, et au moins une roulette à l'arrière ou à l'avant, une au moins de ces roulettes étant motrice.The shoe can optionally be provided with a single drive wheel, for example 2a, the other middle wheel, 2b, being mounted idle. It is also possible to remove the second middle wheel 2b, and to arrange the frame 1 so that the single drive wheel, 2a, is located substantially in the plane of symmetry (III-111 in FIG. 4) of the shoe. The total number of skate casters according to the present invention is optional, although it cannot be less than three. In the case where it is provided with two central rollers, it may have only one roller at the front and / or at the rear. In all these cases, the angle indicated in FIG. 1 can have a zero value, so that all of the skate wheels are always applied to the ground. The skate may also not have central rollers, but only two rollers at the front or at the rear, and at least one roller at the rear or at the front, at least one of these rollers being driven.

Le patin à roulettes pourrait, à titre de variante, être pourvu de moyens permettant de fixer sur la pédale 6, ou sur la semelle intercalaire 34, la totalité du pied 8 du patineur, y compris son talon 8a.The roller skate could, as a variant, be provided with means making it possible to fix on the pedal 6, or on the midsole 34, the entire foot 8 of the skater, including his heel 8a.

Les moyens de guidage de la pédale 6 entre ses différentes positions peuvent être réalisés de diverses façons; en particulier, le guidage de la partie arrière de la pédale 6 par les ailes 10a, 10b de la chape arrière est facultatif. Il n'en va pas de même du guidage de la partie avant de la pédale 6 par les ailes 11a et 11b de la chape avant; des moyens équivalents pourraient aussi être prévus pour guider latéralement la partie médiane de la pédale 6. De toute façon, ces guidages bilatéraux pourraient être remplacés par des guidages monolatéraux, agissant éventuellement sur des côtés opposés de la pédale 6. Les galets de guidage 12a et 12b sont facultatifs et les cames 13a et 13b peuvent avoir des formes différentes, ou être remplacées par des moyens équivalents, pour éviter que la pédale 6 n'actionne les leviers de commande, 15a et 15b, des dispositifs de freinage lorsqu'elle passe de sa position d'actionnement de la figure 2, à sa position d'enfoncement de la figure 3. Ces dispositifs de freinage eux-mêmes, et leurs leviers de commande, 15a et 15b, sont aussi susceptibles de réalisations très diverses, comportant par exemple des freins à mâchoires du type utilisé sur les bicyclettes. Bien entendu, le nombre des roulettes du patin selon la présente invention, sur lesquelles agissent les dispositifs de freinage, est matière à option; il suffit théoriquement de pouvoir freiner une seule roulette, quelle que soit d'ailleurs sa position par rapport au châssis allongé 1; il est cependant préférable de freiner simultanément au moins deux roulettes situées de part et d'autre du châssis 1.The means for guiding the pedal 6 between its different positions can be produced in various ways; in particular, the guiding of the rear part of the pedal 6 by the wings 10a, 10b of the rear yoke is optional. The same does not apply to the guidance of the front part of the pedal 6 by the wings 11a and 11b of the front yoke; equivalent means could also be provided for laterally guiding the middle part of the pedal 6. In any case, these bilateral guides could be replaced by monolateral guides, possibly acting on opposite sides of the pedal 6. The guide rollers 12a and 12b are optional and the cams 13a and 13b can have different shapes, or be replaced by equivalent means, to prevent the pedal 6 from actuating the control levers, 15a and 15b, of the braking devices when it passes from its actuation position of FIG. 2, to its position of depression of FIG. 3. These braking devices themselves, and their control levers, 15a and 15b, are also capable of very diverse embodiments, comprising for example jaw brakes of the type used on bicycles. Of course, the number of skate casters according to the present invention, on which the braking devices act, is optional material; theoretically, it suffices to be able to brake a single caster, regardless of its position relative to the elongated chassis 1; however, it is preferable to brake at least two casters located on either side of the chassis 1 simultaneously.

Le poussoir 25, fixé en dessous de la pédale 6, et le doigt transversal 26, fixé à la roue dentée 23, ou au secteur denté équivalent, peuvent être remplacés par une bielle, dont les deux extrémités sont articulées autour d'axes horizontaux, l'une en dessous de la pédale 6, et l'autre, sur une face de la roue dentée ou du secteur denté équivalent, en un point voisin de celui occupé par le doigt 26 sur les figures 1 à 3. Par ailleurs, le dispositif de transmission de mouvement, qui est constitué, dans la réalisation illustrée sur les figures 1 à 4, par les composants 25, 26, 23 et 24, pourrait être remplacé par tout autre dispositif approprié de transmission de mouvement, d'un type connu, ce dispositif étant aménagé de préférence de manière que la course d'enfoncement de la pédale 6 soit transformée en une rotation des roues motrices, telles que 2a et 2b, d'un angle le plus grand possible, de manière qu'un actionnement unique de la pédale 6 permette de communiquer au patin et au patineur la vitesse la plus élevée possible. Quel que soit le mode de réalisation choisi pour ce dispositif de transmission de mouvement, il est toujours possible de le faire attaquer par le ressort 29, de telle sorte que, après avoir été mis sous tension par le pivotement des biellettes 9a et 9b vers l'arrière, la détente dudit ressort 29, pendant l'enfoncement de la pédale 6, renforce l'action motrice de cette dernière.The pusher 25, fixed below the pedal 6, and the transverse finger 26, fixed to the toothed wheel 23, or to the equivalent toothed sector, can be replaced by a connecting rod, the two ends of which are articulated around horizontal axes, one below the pedal 6, and the other, on one face of the toothed wheel or of the equivalent toothed sector, at a point close to that occupied by the finger 26 in FIGS. 1 to 3. Furthermore, the motion transmission device, which consists, in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, of components 25, 26, 23 and 24, could be replaced by any other suitable motion transmission device, of a known type , this device being preferably arranged so that the depressing stroke of the pedal 6 is transformed into a rotation of the driving wheels, such as 2a and 2b, at the greatest possible angle, so that a single actuation pedal 6 allows communication with the skate and the skater the highest possible speed. Whatever the embodiment chosen for this movement transmission device, it is always possible to have it attacked by the spring 29, so that, after being tensioned by the pivoting of the links 9a and 9b towards the 'rear, the relaxation of said spring 29, during the depressing of the pedal 6, reinforces the driving action of the latter.

L'arrière de la pédale 6 pourrait être relié à l'arrière du châssis 1, par une seule biellette, analogue à 9a et 9b, mais disposée de façon à pivoter dans le plan vertical de symétrie du patin (désigné par III-III sur la figure 4).The rear of the pedal 6 could be connected to the rear of the chassis 1, by a single link, similar to 9a and 9b, but arranged so as to pivot in the vertical plane of symmetry of the pad (designated by III-III on Figure 4).

Le ressort comprimé, unique, 31, pourrait être remplacé par plusieure ressorte, notemment deux ressorts latéraux analogues, comprimés respectivement entre les bords de la pédale 6 et les extrémités d'une plaque fixée transversalement au châssis 1.The single compressed spring 31 could be replaced by a more compressed spring, notably two similar lateral springs, compressed respectively between the edges of the pedal 6 and the ends of a plate fixed transversely to the chassis 1.

Tous les reseorts mentionnés précédemment, 16a, 16b, 22a, 22b, 29, 30, 31, ou tout au moine certaine d'entre eux, au lieu d'être constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux, pourraient être formés par des lames de ressort, ou encore par des organes élastiquement déformables, dont il existe un grand nombre de réalisatione connues. A chacun de ces ressorte ou organes élastiquement déformables, ou tout au moins à certains d'entre eux, pourraient être associée éventuellement des amortisseure, dont il existe également de nombreuses réalisations connues.All the above-mentioned springs, 16a, 16b, 22a, 22b, 29, 30, 31, or at the very least certain of them, instead of being constituted by helical springs, could be formed by leaf springs, or by elastically deformable members, of which there are a large number of known embodiments. Each of these elastically deformable springs or members, or at least some of them, could possibly be associated with shock absorbers, of which there are also many known embodiments.

La forme et la réalisation du châssis 1 sont matières à option. Au lieu d'avoir sa partie arrière supportée par une ou deux biellettes, telles que 9a et 9b, la pédale 6 pourrait être montée pivotante par rapport au châssis 1 autour d'un ou deux axes transversaux distincts, par l'intermédiaire d'organes mécaniques connus.The shape and construction of the chassis 1 are optional materials. Instead of having its rear part supported by one or two links, such as 9a and 9b, the pedal 6 could be pivotally mounted relative to the chassis 1 around one or two separate transverse axes, by means of members. known mechanics.

En plus du ressort 29, un ressort supplémentaire pourrait être tendu entre un point approprié du châssis 1 et l'une au moine des biellettes 9a et 9b, pour contribuer à ramener la pédale 6 de sa position arrière à sa position d'attente.In addition to the spring 29, an additional spring could be stretched between an appropriate point of the chassis 1 and one to the monk of the links 9a and 9b, to help bring the pedal 6 from its rear position to its standby position.

Le doigt 26 de commande de la roue dentée 23 peut être avantageusement remplacé par un galet fou. La deuxième forms de réalisation d'un patin conforme à l'invention est représentée, vue de côté et en coupe, par les figures 5 à 8. Dans ces vues, un des côtés latéraux du châssis 1 a été supprimé pour faciliter la compréheneion des figures. Comme dans la réalisation précédemment décrite, le châssis est constitué d'une poutrelle en U dans les ailes de laquelle passe, approximativement à mi-longueur, un axe 3 supportant les roulettes motrices 2a et 2b. Deux roulettes folles 32a et 32b sont prévues dans l'axe de la poutrelle et à ses extrémités. La position des axes des roulettes folles est prévue, de préférence, de manière que seules les roulettes motrices et une roulette folle reposent en même temps sur le sol. Cette disposition définit deux polygones de sustentation, un polygone arrière et un polygone avant, correspondant aux points d'application du poids du corps lors des mouvements de marche ou de course. En effet, la marche s'effectue en posant d'abord le talon sur le sol; pendant cette phase, le poids du corps est transféré sur le talon. Lorsque l'on désire s'arrêter, c'est la partie avant du pied avancé qui supporte le poids du corps et le transmet au sol. Dans le patin selon l'invention, on a tenu compte des mouvements naturels pour commander l'actionnement du patin ou le freinage par déplacement du poids du corps dans les polygones de sustentation arrière ou avant. Afin de tenir compte dans la position de repos debout de la tendance à faire porter le poids du corps par la plante des pieds et pour retrouver la répartition des surfaces présentées par les chausaures, l'axe des roulettes motrices est reporté plus près de la roulette arrière que de la roulette avant. Cette position facilite le maintien de la position freinage du patin et assure la stabilité au repos.The finger 26 for controlling the toothed wheel 23 can advantageously be replaced by a loose roller. The second embodiment of a skate according to the invention is shown, seen from the side and in section, in FIGS. 5 to 8. In these views, one of the lateral sides of the chassis 1 has been removed to facilitate the understanding of the figures. As in the embodiment described above, the chassis consists of a U-shaped beam in the wings of which passes, approximately halfway along, an axis 3 supporting the drive rollers 2a and 2b. Two idler rollers 32a and 32b are provided in the axis of the beam and at its ends. The position of the axes of the idler rollers is preferably provided so that only the drive rollers and an idler wheel rest on the ground at the same time. This arrangement defines two support polygons, a rear polygon and a front polygon, corresponding to the points of application of the body weight during walking or running movements. Indeed, walking is done by first placing the heel on the ground; during this phase, the body weight is transferred to the heel. When you want to stop, it is the front part of the advanced foot that supports the weight of the body and transmits it to the ground. In the skate according to the invention, natural movements have been taken into account to control the actuation of the skate or the braking by displacement of the weight of the body in the rear or front lift polygons. In order to take account in the standing position of the tendency to carry the weight of the body by the soles of the feet and to rediscover the distribution of the surfaces presented by the shoes, the axis of the driving castors is brought closer to the caster rear than front caster. This position makes it easier to maintain the skid braking position and ensures stability at rest.

Le dispositif de transmission de mouvement (figures 5 à 9) comporte un levier 33, articulé à une extrémité sur un axe 34, maintenu dans le châssis 1. L'autre extrémité du levier est munie d'un axe 35 portant, en son milieu, une poulie folle 36 (Fig. 9) et à ses extrémités, deux galets 37a, 37b. Ces deux galets se déplacent dans des chemins de roulement 38a, 38b prévus sur les bords longitudinaux avant de la pédale 6 lorsque celle-ci pivote autour d'un premier axe 39 porté par les pattes 40a, 40b d'un étrier 40, dont le rôle sera ultérieurement précisé. Un premier câble 41, dont une extrémité est fixée sur le corps central 42, passe sur la poulie 36 du levier 33, puis sur une poulie 43 maintenue dans le corps central 42 et s'enroule autour d'une première partie de tambour 44 à laquelle il est fixé. Un deuxième câble 45, dont une extrémité est fixée par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort 46 faisant office de système de rappel, vient s'enrouler sur la deuxième partie du tambour dans le sens inverse de celui du premier câble 41. Afin de limiter l'encombrement et d'avoir cependant une longueur suffisante du deuxième câble 45, celui-ci est replié sur une poulie 47. Le tambour 44 est monté sur l'arbre 3, portant les roulettesThe movement transmission device (FIGS. 5 to 9) comprises a lever 33, articulated at one end on an axis 34, held in the chassis 1. The other end of the lever is provided an axis 35 carrying, in its middle, a mad pulley 36 (Fig. 9) and at its ends, two rollers 37a, 37b. These two rollers move in raceways 38a, 38b provided on the front longitudinal edges of the pedal 6 when the latter pivots around a first axis 39 carried by the legs 40a, 40b of a stirrup 40, the role will be specified later. A first cable 41, one end of which is fixed to the central body 42, passes over the pulley 36 of the lever 33, then over a pulley 43 held in the central body 42 and is wound around a first drum part 44 at which it is fixed. A second cable 45, one end of which is fixed by means of a spring 46 acting as a return system, is wound on the second part of the drum in the opposite direction to that of the first cable 41. In order to limit the size and however having a sufficient length of the second cable 45, the latter is folded over a pulley 47. The drum 44 is mounted on the shaft 3, carrying the rollers

motrices, par l'intermédiaire d'un système à rochet (ou roue libre), permettant l'entraînement des roulettes uniquement dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre. Le tambour 44 porte également une roue dentée 48 susceptible de coopérer avec le cliquet 49 dont la position et le fonctionnement seront indiqués ultérieurement.drive, by means of a ratchet system (or freewheel), allowing the drive of the rollers only in the anticlockwise direction. The drum 44 also carries a toothed wheel 48 capable of cooperating with the pawl 49 whose position and operation will be indicated later.

Le dispositif de freinage comporte un disque 50 claveté sur l'axe 3 des roulettes motrices et un patin de frottement actionné par le corps central. Dans l'exemple représenté, le patin est constitué d'une courroie 51, fixée à une de ses extrémités au châssis 1, et dont l'autre extrémité est fixée par l'intermédiaire d'un câble à une partie du corps central 42. Un ressort de rappel 52 est prévu entre l'extrémité de la courroie reliée au corps central et le châssis 1.The braking device comprises a disc 50 keyed onto the axis 3 of the drive rollers and a friction pad actuated by the central body. In the example shown, the shoe consists of a belt 51, fixed at one of its ends to the chassis 1, and the other end of which is fixed by means of a cable to a part of the central body 42. A return spring 52 is provided between the end of the belt connected to the central body and the chassis 1.

Le dispositif de sélection et de commande, formant une partie des dispositifs de freinage et de transmission de mouvement, par lequel on permet le freinage ou la propulsion, comporte l'étrier 40, le corps central 42, le cliquet 49 et une butée pivotante 53. Les pattes 40a et 40b de l'étrier 40 forment des leviers coudés pivotant autour d'un deuxième axe 54 solidaire du châssis, une extrémité des leviers portant l'axe 39 sur lequel pivote l'arrière de la pédale 6. L'autre extrémité des leviers forme des butées 55a-55b qui limitent le mouvement de rotation de l'étrier vers le haut contre l'action d'un ressort 56 et permet l'immobilisation de la partie arrière de la pédale lors des positions d'attente et de freinage. La butée pivotante 53 est constituée d'une pièce en U d'une longueur correspondant à la longueur séparant les pattes 40a-40b (faisant office de biellettes) de l'étrier 40 et entre lesquelles elle peut au moins partiellement pénétrer. Cette pièce pivote autour d'un troisième axe 57 solidaire du châssis traversant l'extrémité de ses ailes. L'extrémité opposée des ailes comporte une entaille 58 dans laquelle la partie arrière de la branche transversale de l'étrier 40 est susceptible de se placer. Le corps central 42 et le cliquet 49 sont disposés à l'intérieur des branches de la butée pivotante 53 et sur le même troisième axe 57. Le corps central 42 est divisé en deux parties de part et d'autre de l'axe 57: une partie supérieure comportant, à son extrémité libre, un crochet 59 dirigé vers l'étrier 40, et, à sa partie inférieure, un bras 60 à l'extrémité duquel est fixé le câble de courroie de freinage 51. La partie supérieure du corps central est évidée pour former la chape de la poulie 43 (figure 10) sur laquelle passe le câble 41 de transmission de mouvement.The selection and control device, forming a part of the braking and motion transmission devices, by which braking or propulsion is enabled, comprises the caliper 40, the central body 42, the pawl 49 and a pivoting stop 53 The legs 40a and 40b of the stirrup 40 form bent levers pivoting around a second axis 54 secured to the chassis, one end of the levers carrying the axis 39 on which the rear of the pedal 6 pivots. The other end of the levers forms stops 55a-55b which limit the rotational movement of the stirrup upwards against the action of a spring 56 and allows the rear part of the pedal to immobilize during the waiting positions and braking. The pivoting stop 53 consists of a U-shaped piece with a length corresponding to the length separating the legs 40a-40b (acting as rods) from the stirrup 40 and between which it can at least partially penetrate. This part pivots around a third axis 57 secured to the chassis passing through the end of its wings. The opposite end of the wings has a notch 58 in which the rear part of the transverse branch of the stirrup 40 is capable of being placed. The central body 42 and the pawl 49 are arranged inside the branches of the pivoting stop 53 and on the same third axis 57. The central body 42 is divided into two parts on either side of the axis 57: an upper part comprising, at its free end, a hook 59 directed towards the stirrup 40, and, at its lower part, an arm 60 at the end of which the braking belt cable 51 is fixed. The upper part of the body central is hollowed out to form the yoke of the pulley 43 (FIG. 10) over which the cable 41 for transmitting movement passes.

Le cliquet 49 a une forme approximativement en U et pivote sur le troisième axe 57 qui traverse sa branche transversale. La branche latérale supérieure 61, lorsque l'étrier 40 repose sur l'éntaille 58 de la butée pivotante 53, est prévue de manière à être au-dessus de la branche transversale de l'étrier 40 mais non en contact, tandis que la branche latérale inférieure 62 est en prise avec les dents de la roue dentée 48 sous l'action d'un ressort de rappel 63.The pawl 49 has an approximately U shape and pivots on the third axis 57 which crosses its transverse branch. The upper lateral branch 61, when the stirrup 40 rests on the notch 58 of the pivoting stop 53, is provided so as to be above the transverse branch of the stirrup 40 but not in contact, while the branch lower lateral 62 is engaged with the teeth of the toothed wheel 48 under the action of a return spring 63.

Le mode de fonctionnement des patins, selon la forme de réalisation représentée sur les figures 5 à 10, est le suivant.The mode of operation of the pads, according to the embodiment shown in Figures 5 to 10, is as follows.

La figure 5 représente le patin dans la position d'attente. Cette position correspond au patin fixé sous le pied, ce dernier étant levé, le patin ne supportant, par conséquent, aucun poids. L'avant du pied 8 (plante et orteils) est maintenu sur la pédale 6 par des sangles 64 (ou tout autre dispositif) et l'arrière (talon) est relié de manière lâche à l'arrière de la pédale 6 par un dispositif permettant le décollement du talon 8a de la pédale. Dans cette position, les éléments du dispositif de sélection et de commande sont disposés comme suit: la butée pivotante 53 pivote vers l'arrière par suite de son contact avec le corps central 42 qui est tiré vers l'arrière par le ressort de rappel 52. L'étrier 40 repose par ses butées 55a, 55b contre le châssis 1 sous l'action du ressort 56. Le cliquet 49 est en prise sur les dents de la roue dentée 48 sous l'action de son ressort de rappel 63.Figure 5 shows the shoe in the waiting position. This position corresponds to the shoe fixed under the foot, the latter being raised, the shoe therefore bearing no weight. The front of the foot 8 (soles and toes) is held on the pedal 6 by straps 64 (or any other device) and the back (heel) is loosely connected to the back of the pedal 6 by a device allowing the detachment of the heel 8a of the pedal. In this position, the elements of the selection and control device are arranged as follows: the pivoting stop 53 pivots rearward as a result of its contact with the central body 42 which is pulled rearward by the return spring 52 The stirrup 40 rests by its stops 55a, 55b against the chassis 1 under the action of the spring 56. The pawl 49 is engaged on the teeth of the toothed wheel 48 under the action of its return spring 63.

Il est possible, à partir de cette position d'attente, de choisir l'actionnement (ou propulsion) ou le freinage selon que, lors de la pose du patin sur le sol, le talon 8a ou l'avant 8 du pied applique une pression suffisante sur la pédale 6.It is possible, from this standby position, to choose actuation (or propulsion) or braking depending on whether, when the shoe is placed on the ground, the heel 8a or the front 8 of the foot applies a sufficient pressure on the pedal 6.

Les figures 6 et 8 montrent les éléments du dispositif de commande et de sélection dans la position permettant la propulsion. Lors de l'attaque du sol par le talon 8a, ce qui correspond à poser le patin sur la roulette arrière, la pédale 6 commence à s'enfoncer par l'arrière en faisant basculer l'étrier 40 dont la branche transversale vient devant le crochet 59 et au-dessous de celui-ci, appuie contre la branche latérale supérieure 61 du cliquet 49, ce qui écarte la branche latérale inférieure 62 de la roue dentée 48. Lorsque le pied vient faire poser les roulettes motrices 2a, 2b sur le sol, la pédale 6 pivote vers l'avant et vient s'appuyer par l'intermédiaire des galets 37a, 37b sur le levier 33 qui bascule vers l'avant en tirant sur le premier câble 41. Le câble 41, passant autour de la poulie 43 du corps central 42, vient plaquer le corps central contre l'étrier en appliquant le crochet 59 contre la branche transversale de l'étrier. Le ressort de rappel de l'étrier ne peut plus agir et l'étrier est maintenu sous le crochet 59. La rotation du corps central autour de l'axe 57, dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre, est empêchée et le dispositif de freinage ne peut fonctionner, la courroie 51 ne pouvant être entraînée par le bras 60 du corps central. Le câble 41 entraîne le tambour 44 en se déroulant contre l'action du ressort 46, auquel le deuxième câble 45 est attaché, et qui s'enroule sur la deuxième partie du tambour 44. Par l'intermédiaire du système à rochet contenu dans le tambour, les roulettes sont entraînées en rotation dans le sens contraire des aiguilles d'une montre. Lorsque les besoins de la propulsion nécessitent la levée du patin au-dessus du sol pour la pose du deuxième pied, les éléments de commande et de sélection reprennent leur position d'attente permettant le réenroulement du câble 41 autour da tambour et le retour du ressort 46 à sa position détendue.Figures 6 and 8 show the elements of the control and selection device in the position allowing propulsion. During the attack on the ground by the heel 8a, which corresponds to placing the skate on the rear wheel, the pedal 6 begins to sink from the rear by tilting the stirrup 40 whose transverse branch comes in front of the hook 59 and below it, presses against the upper lateral branch 61 of the pawl 49, which separates the lower lateral branch 62 from the toothed wheel 48. When the foot comes to place the drive rollers 2a, 2b on the ground, the pedal 6 pivots forward and comes to rest via the rollers 37a, 37b on the lever 33 which swings forward in pulling on the first cable 41. The cable 41, passing around the pulley 43 of the central body 42, presses the central body against the stirrup by applying the hook 59 against the transverse branch of the stirrup. The calliper return spring can no longer act and the calliper is held under the hook 59. The rotation of the central body around the axis 57, in an anti-clockwise direction, is prevented and the braking device cannot function, the belt 51 cannot be driven by the arm 60 of the central body. The cable 41 drives the drum 44 by unwinding against the action of the spring 46, to which the second cable 45 is attached, and which is wound on the second part of the drum 44. Via the ratchet system contained in the drum, the rollers are rotated anti-clockwise. When the needs of propulsion require the lifting of the shoe above the ground for the installation of the second foot, the control and selection elements return to their waiting position allowing the cable 41 to be rewound around the drum and the spring to return 46 to his relaxed position.

La figure 7 montre la position des éléments de commande et de sélection dans la position de freinage. En partant de la position d'attente, le patin étant au-dessus du sol, lorsque le patin touche le sol sur la roulette avant, la pédale 6 agit sur le levier 33 en le faisant basculer vers l'avant. Le câble 41 passant dans la poulie 36 du levier fait pivoter le corps central 42 vers l'avant sous la branche transversale de l'étrier, alors que la butée pivotante 53 s'avance sous l'action de son ressort de rappel sous l'étrier pour limiter sa rotation vers le bas. Le cliquet 49, sous l'action de son ressort de rappel, est mis en contact avec la roue dentée 48 et empêche tout mouvement. Par suite, le tambour 44 est bloqué et, ne pouvant tourner, la longueur du câble 41 est fixe. La poursuite de l'action sur la pédale oblige le corps central 42 à basculer vers l'avant en entraînant son bras 60, dans le sens opposé, et par suite la courroie 51, qui vient frotter contre la jante du disque 50 solidaire des roulettes motrices 2a, 2b. Par suite de la position des divers éléments, il n'est pas possible, malgré la rotation vers l'avant du pied, d'actionner le dispositif de transmission de mouvement.Figure 7 shows the position of the control and selection elements in the braking position. Starting from the standby position, the pad being above the ground, when the pad touches the ground on the front caster, the pedal 6 acts on the lever 33 by tilting it forward. The cable 41 passing through the pulley 36 of the lever pivots the central body 42 forwards under the transverse branch of the stirrup, while the pivoting stop 53 advances under the action of its return spring under the bracket to limit its downward rotation. The pawl 49, under the action of its return spring, is brought into contact with the toothed wheel 48 and prevents any movement. As a result, the drum 44 is blocked and, unable to rotate, the length of the cable 41 is fixed. Continued action on the pedal forces the central body 42 to tilt forward by driving its arm 60, in the opposite direction, and consequently the belt 51, which rubs against the rim of the disc 50 secured to the rollers driving 2a, 2b. Due to the position of the various elements, it is not possible, despite the forward rotation of the foot, to actuate the motion transmission device.

Selon une simplification, non représentée, la butée pivotante 53 et le corps central 42 peuvent former une pièce unique, le corps central étant prolongé vers l'arrière par une partie cylindrique centrée sur l'axe 57 et de rayon égal à la distance de cet axe au bord inférieur de la branche transversale de l'étrier 40 lorsque les pattes de celui-ci sont en butée sur le châssis.According to a simplification, not shown, the pivoting stop 53 and the central body 42 can form a single piece, the central body being extended towards the rear by a cylindrical part centered on the axis 57 and of radius equal to the distance from this axis at the lower edge of the transverse branch of the stirrup 40 when the legs of the latter are in abutment on the chassis.

Il est à remarquer que la sélection des positions s'obtient d'une manière générale à partir de deux éléments, l'étrier et le corps central qui s'arc-boutent l'un au-dessus ou au-dessous de l'autre.It should be noted that the selection of the positions is generally obtained from two elements, the stirrup and the central body which are braced one above or below the other. .

Ces moyens de sélection et de commande peuvent être utilisés pour la mise en marche de dispositifs de transmission de mouvement ou de freinage autres que ceux décrits, par exemple des dispositifs utilisant des moyens pneumatiques ou électriques, par action sur des vannes ou des contacteurs.These selection and control means can be used for starting movement transmission or braking devices other than those described, for example devices using pneumatic or electrical means, by action on valves or contactors.

Dans tous les cas, la séquence de sélection et de commande se fera à partir d'une position d'attente:

  • - par action sur l'arrière de la pédale, on sélectionne la position d'actionnement avec interdiction du freinage, puis l'actionnement lui-même par action sur l'avant de la pédale,
  • - par action sur l'avant de la pédale, on sélectionne la position du freinage avec interdiction d'actionnement, même avec retour en appui sur l'arrière.
In all cases, the selection and command sequence will be done from a standby position:
  • - by action on the rear of the pedal, the actuation position is selected with braking prohibition, then the actuation itself by action on the front of the pedal,
  • - by action on the front of the pedal, the braking position is selected with prohibition of actuation, even with back support on the rear.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits mais couvre également les équivalents techniques des divers éléments ou dispositifs.The invention is not limited to the embodiments described but also covers the technical equivalents of the various elements or devices.

Claims (18)

1. A roller skate which comprises a roller chassis (1) on which a pedal (6), adapted to support the foot (8), is mounted pivotably about at least one transverse axis (9a2), between a standby position and an operative position reached each time the skater applies a thrust with his heel (8a) to the rear of the pedal (6) in the standby position, and a braking device (15a, 17a, 19a, 22a), characterized in that the braking device (15a, 17a, 19a, 22a) is mounted on the chassis (1) so as to be operated each time the skater, with the toe of his foot, applies a thrust to the front of the pedal (6) in the standby position; that the skate includes a transmission device (25, 26, 23, 24) which is mounted on the chassis (1) so as to be operated each time the skater applies a downward thrust with his foot to the pedal (6), transferring it from its operative position into a depressed position and which is coupled to at least one of the rollers (2a, 2b) so as to exert a driving action upon it at each operation of the pedal (6), and also elastic means, such as springs (29, 30) to return the pedal (6) from its depressed position into its standby position when the skater raises his foot.
2. A roller skate as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that some of the braking and transmission devices form a selection and control device (40,42, 53, 49) of which at least two elements (40, 42) are capable of being braced mutually one above or below the other to select, from the standby position, the operative position by applying a thrust upon the rear of the pedal (6) and then propulsion by applying a thrust upon the front of the pedal, braking being prohibited in this position, or the braking position by applying a thrust on the front of the pedal, propulsion being prohibited in this position.
3. A roller skate according to claim 1, characterized in that a freewheel device is inserted between the transmission device (25, 26, 23, 24) and each driving roller (2a, 2b) to which it is coupled.
4. A roller skate according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the rear part of the pedal (6) is connected to the chassis (1) by at least one link rod (9a, 9b) articulated at both its ends so as to pivot freely in a vertical longitudinal plane between two positions, one front and the other rear, which correspond respectively to the standby position and to the operative position of the pedal (6), whilst at least two elastically deformable elements, auch as springs, (29, 30) are provided, the first one to return the link rod (6a, 6b) from its rear position to its front position, and the second one to return the pedal (6) from its depressed position to its operative or standby position.
5. A roller skate according to claim 4, characterized in that the first spring (29) engages the transmission (25, 26, 23, 24) devices so that after having been tensioned by the pivoting of the link rod (9a, 9b) from front to rear, the expansion of said first spring (29) during the depression of the pedal (6) reinforces the driving action of the latter.
6. A roller skate according to anyone of the claims 1, 3, 4, 5, characterized in that the transmission device comprises at least one gear (23) or toothed segment which is mounted pivotably on the chassis (1) so as to mesh with a pinion (24), keyed on the axis (3) of the driving roller (2a, 2b), and also means (25, 26) to convert the depressing movement of the pedal (6) into a rotation of said gear (23) or of said toothed segment.
7. A roller skate according to claim 6, characterized in that the gear (23) or the toothed segment is coupled to the pivotable pedal (6) by an articulated link rod.
8. A roller skate according to claim 6, characterized in that a push rod (25), fixed transversely beneath the pedal (6), is arranged so as to cooperate, during the depression of said pedal (6), with a pawl (26), fixed transversely to the gear (23) or to the toothed segment, whilst an elastically deformable element, such as a spring (30), is arranged so as to return the gear (23) or the toothed segment into its position wherein said pawl (26) is itself in the top position, beneath the push rod (25), raised by the pedal (6), then in its operative position.
9. A roller skate according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the first spring (29) is stretched between a point (9a1) of the top part of the articulated link rod (9a, 9b) and a point (27) of the gear (23) or of the toothed segment, chosen so that the expansion of said first spring (29) applies to the driving roller (2a, 2b) a torque in the same direction as that resulting from the depression of the pedal (6).
10. A roller skate according to anyone of the claims 1 or 3 to 9, characterized in that the braking device comprises a control element, consisting for example of a lever (15a, 15b) which is mounted pivotably on the chassis (1), and which an elastically deformable clement, such as a spring (16a, 6b), normally maintains in its position of release of the brake (19a, 19b), said lever (15a, 15b) being arranged so that the front of tha pedal (6) pivots it into its position of application of the brake each time the skater applies a thrust to it with the toe of his foot.
11. A roller skate according to anyone of the claims 1 or 3 to 10, characterized in that it comprises means, including for example at least one wheel (12a, 12b) and a cam (13a, 13b) integral with the chassis, to guide the pedal (6), and particularly its front part, in its movements between its different positions, and particularly to prevent it, during its depression, from operating the braking device (15a, 18a, 19a).
12. A roller skate as claimed in claim 2, characterized by the selection and control device consisting of at least
- a yoke (40) comprising a first axis (39) on which the rear of the pedal (6) is articulatad, said yoke pivoting about a second axis (54) integral with the chassis;
- a central elemrnt (42) pivoting about a third axis (57) integral with the chassis, said axis dividing the element into two parts, a first part carrying a hook (59) directed towards the yoke (40) and with which it is adapted to cooperate, and an idler pulley (43), and a second part forming an arm (60) to the end of which a part (51, 52) of the braking device is fixed;
- a U-shaped pawl (49) articulated on the third axis (57), an upper lateral arm (61) of the U being adapted to cooperate with the yoke (46), the other lower lateral arm (62) with a gear (48) provided on the transmission device, said pawl comprising a return spring (63) placing the lower arm (62) in contact with the gear when the other arm is not in contact with the yoke.
13. A roller skate as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the transmission device comprises a lever (33) articulated by one end to the chassis (1), the other end carrying wheels (37a, 37b) cooperating with rolling tracks (38a, 38b) provided on the front part of the pedal (6) and a pulley (36) over which a cable (41) passes, one end of which is fixed to the central element (42) and the other end of which, passing through the pulley (43) of the central element, is wound onto a part of a drum (44) fixed to the shaft (3) carrying the driving rollers (2a, 2b) through the intermediary of ratchet system, said drum comprising a return system permitting the rewinding of the cable.
14. A roller skate as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the braking device comprises at least one disk (50) fixed to the shaft (3) carrying the driving rollers (2a, 2b), and also a friction shoe (51) operated by the central element (42).
15. A roller skate as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that the friction shoe consists of a belt (51), one end of which is fixed to the chassis (1) and the other end of which is fixed to the arm (60) of the central element (42).
16. A roller skate according to anyone of the claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a tread (34) is interposed between the skater's foot (8) and the pedal (6), this tread (34) being fitted so as to be capable of being locked on the pedal (6) in different positions in which its longitudinal axis (A) forms, with that of the pedal (6), different angles (β) for example between 0 and ± 30 degrees.
17. A roller skate according to anyone of the claims 1 to 16, characterized in that means (7, 64) are provided to fix the front part only of the skater's foot (8) detachably to the pedal (6), or to the interposed tread (34), his heel (8a) remaining free to rise.
18. A roller skate according to anyone of the claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the driving roller or rollers (2a, 2b), of relatively large diameter, is or are mounted in the median part of the chassis (1), the front and rear parts of which each carry at least one idler roller (4a, 4b, or 5a, 5b, 32a, 32b) of equal or different diameter, and that the two planes inferiorly tangent to a driving roller (2a or 2b) and respectively to a front roller (4a or 4b, 32a) or to a rear roller (5a or 5b, 32b), preferably form between them an obtuse angle, the difference (a) from 180 degrees of which is only a few degrees or a few tens of degrees.
EP84400044A 1983-01-14 1984-01-10 Roller skate Expired EP0114131B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84400044T ATE26800T1 (en) 1983-01-14 1984-01-10 ROLLER SKATES.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8300555A FR2539312A1 (en) 1983-01-14 1983-01-14 Roller skate
FR8300555 1983-01-14
FR8321086 1983-12-30
FR8321086A FR2557466B2 (en) 1983-01-14 1983-12-30 ROLLER SKATES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0114131A2 EP0114131A2 (en) 1984-07-25
EP0114131A3 EP0114131A3 (en) 1984-08-15
EP0114131B1 true EP0114131B1 (en) 1987-04-29

Family

ID=26223242

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84400044A Expired EP0114131B1 (en) 1983-01-14 1984-01-10 Roller skate

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4602801A (en)
EP (1) EP0114131B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59186574A (en)
KR (1) KR930001626B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE26800T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3463340D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2557466B2 (en)

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FR2585582B1 (en) * 1985-08-05 1987-11-13 Vincent Yvon PROPELLANT WHEEL SKATES
US4807893A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-02-28 Huang Chuan H Roller skate
US5224719A (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-07-06 Goodspeed Byron Lester Skateboard
US5310202A (en) * 1992-05-15 1994-05-10 Goodspeed Byron Lester Skateboard
US5397138A (en) * 1994-01-21 1995-03-14 Mangelsdorf; Gary Braking mechanism for in-line skate
US5492345A (en) * 1994-08-25 1996-02-20 Kruczek; Leszek Self propelled roller skate
US5895065A (en) * 1996-02-29 1999-04-20 Khomo; Malome T. Method and means of enhancing human powered locomotion
DE19701721B4 (en) * 1997-01-20 2006-05-24 Henry Tunger Roller skate with a roller skate drive which can be acted upon via the footrest surface
AT406123B (en) * 1997-09-29 2000-02-25 Atomic Austria Gmbh PIVOTABLE CONNECTING DEVICE BETWEEN A SPORTS EQUIPMENT AND A FOOTPRINT FOR A USER'S FOOT AND BINDING TO HOLD THE FOOT ON A SPORTS EQUIPMENT
US6398229B1 (en) * 2000-07-17 2002-06-04 Dean Saylor Three-wheeled roller skate and method therefor
IL146860A0 (en) * 2001-12-02 2002-08-14 Osher Michael Occupant driven mobile device
FR2833671B1 (en) * 2001-12-19 2004-02-13 Siemens Vdo Automotive EFFORT RETURN MECHANISM
CN1324236C (en) * 2004-04-06 2007-07-04 关慎捷 Gravity engine roller skating boots and walking electric power generator
US7568706B2 (en) * 2006-09-13 2009-08-04 Kenneth Yat Chung Ng Mechanism for conversion of vertical force to a torque and motive device and method employing same
US20100230925A1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-16 Todd Thielbar Four Wheel Human Powered Striding Cycle
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SE534628C2 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-11-01 Marsblade Ab Roller rail
KR101218594B1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2013-01-07 김지훈 Inline skates with wheel drive
SE535465C2 (en) 2011-03-18 2012-08-21 Marsblade Ab Binding as well as a ski, skate or shoe with such a binding
CN102553214B (en) * 2012-01-20 2014-06-25 王葆敏 Self-running shoes
EP2703053A1 (en) 2012-08-31 2014-03-05 Marsblade AB Coupling means
LV15401B (en) * 2017-11-07 2019-12-20 BODNIEKS Māris Roller skate
USD842409S1 (en) * 2018-04-10 2019-03-05 Matthew Novick Set of roller skates powered by pump action

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR930001626B1 (en) 1993-03-08
JPS59186574A (en) 1984-10-23
FR2557466B2 (en) 1986-05-30
EP0114131A2 (en) 1984-07-25
US4602801A (en) 1986-07-29
ATE26800T1 (en) 1987-05-15
KR850004905A (en) 1985-08-19
EP0114131A3 (en) 1984-08-15
DE3463340D1 (en) 1987-06-04
FR2557466A2 (en) 1985-07-05

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