EP0019834B1 - Method of deaerating viscous grindable material - Google Patents

Method of deaerating viscous grindable material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0019834B1
EP0019834B1 EP80102784A EP80102784A EP0019834B1 EP 0019834 B1 EP0019834 B1 EP 0019834B1 EP 80102784 A EP80102784 A EP 80102784A EP 80102784 A EP80102784 A EP 80102784A EP 0019834 B1 EP0019834 B1 EP 0019834B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
grinding
vacuum
regrind
agitating mill
chamber
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EP80102784A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0019834A1 (en
EP0019834B2 (en
Inventor
Herbert Dürr
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Draiswerke GmbH
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Draiswerke GmbH
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Priority to AT80102784T priority Critical patent/ATE1601T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1, the use of an agitator mill according to patent claim 3 and an agitator mill according to patent claim 4.
  • a closed agitator mill which has a milling chamber enclosing a milling chamber, in which a rotatingly driven agitator is arranged.
  • Grist is pumped into the grinding chamber from below.
  • the grinding chamber is closed by a separating gap separating device, on the other side of which a discharge chamber is arranged.
  • a line opens out of this discharge space, in which a material suction pump is arranged.
  • the agitator shaft is led upwards out of the discharge area, sealed by means of a stuffing box.
  • a vacuum line opens into the discharge area near this shaft seal.
  • the agitator mill is operated in such a way that the discharge space is also at least to a considerable extent filled with regrind, the degree of filling of the discharge space being achieved by coordinating the feed pump on the one hand and the suction pump on the other.
  • the discharge space is filled to such an extent that there is a high liquid column above the separation gap.
  • a drum is formed, that is to say that the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft creates a material-free space in the discharge space, so that the shaft seal is not burdened by regrind.
  • Appropriate control of the suction pump builds up a back pressure that ensures this filling.
  • the drum that is the relatively small space in the shaft area of the discharge space that is not filled with regrind, can be subjected to a vacuum.
  • the ground material is therefore only vented from the - based on the volume - small surface of the drum.
  • This method also poses additional problems, since the filling of the discharge space with regrind has to be controlled, for which for example sensors have to be provided.
  • a standing agitator mill is known from DE-A-1482393, the cylindrical grinding container of which is provided at the top with an inlet funnel, to which regrind is freely fed through a line.
  • a separating gap separating device is provided, through which the ground material flows into a discharge chamber, from where it is discharged through a line.
  • Paddles are attached to the underside of the disk of the separating device coupled to the agitator shaft, which convey the regrind escaping through the separating gap of the separating device via the line to the outside.
  • the arrangement of such a suction pump behind the separating device is necessary because the ground material is fed to the grinding chamber without pressure and thus only the static pressure of the ground material column prevails at the separating gap in the grinding chamber.
  • the suction pump behind the separating device therefore only has the function that is assigned to the feed pump on the grinding material inlet side in the case of the generic agitator mills through which the flow flows from bottom to top. Any kind of ventilation of the ground material behind the separating device is not possible. Insofar as there is air in the regrind that can escape freely, this air rises in the known agitator mill, that is to say towards the regrind inlet. Since the discharge line rises upwards on the regrind outlet side, the regrind to be removed is backlogged so that the discharge space is completely filled.
  • the regrind is fed in at one end and is removed as a separating device at the other end through a stationary slotted screen.
  • the regrind flows into a relatively large discharge space which can be subjected to vacuum, in which it is constantly circulated by means of a stirring tool, so that new surface parts of the regrind are exposed to the negative pressure for the purpose of ventilation.
  • the level of the regrind filling in the evacuable discharge space is determined by a regulating valve located on the bottom in the discharge nozzle. The design effort for this venting device is relatively large. Otherwise, the ventilation effect is still unsatisfactory.
  • the agitator mill has a separating device consisting of a cylinder sieve, which holds back the auxiliary grinding bodies located in the grinding chamber of the agitator mill.
  • a storage container upstream of the mill and a collecting container downstream of the agitator mill are each subjected to a vacuum.
  • the grinding chamber of the mill itself can be subjected to a vacuum.
  • a dispersing and homogenizing unit to a heatable mixing tank and to connect a vacuum ventilation system downstream.
  • This consists of a container in the form of a cone standing on top, into which a line coming from the mixing tank opens. The viscous material fed through this line is fed onto a high-speed driven centrifugal disc, which hoses the material in a relatively finely divided manner.
  • the container is pressurized with vacuum via a vacuum line.
  • a discharge pump is connected to the lower end of the container.
  • the invention has for its object to achieve a particularly simple ventilation of viscous regrind.
  • the agitator mill shown in the drawing has, in the usual way, a stand 1, on the top of which a projecting support arm 2 is attached, to which in turn a cylindrical grinding container 3 is attached.
  • an electric drive motor 4 is accommodated, which is provided with a V-belt pulley 5, of which a V-belt pulley 8, which is non-rotatably connected to an agitator 7, can be driven in rotation by means of the V-belt 6.
  • the grinding container 3 has a cooling jacket 9 which is delimited by a cylindrical inner wall 10 and a likewise cylindrical outer wall 12 arranged concentrically to the central longitudinal axis 11 of the grinding container 3.
  • the inner wall 10 and the outer wall 12 are connected to one another at the top and bottom by end rings 13, 14.
  • a cooling water connection 15 opens at the bottom and a cooling water outlet 16 at the top.
  • the grinding container 3 is closed at its lower end by a base plate 17 which is fastened, for example, by means of screws 18 to the lower end of the cooling jacket in the end ring 13.
  • On the base plate 17 there is attached a feed stock 19 through which the regrind can be pumped from below into the grinding chamber 20 of the grinding container 3.
  • the agitator 7, which is arranged concentrically to the central longitudinal axis 11, consists of an agitator shaft 21, on which discs 22 which are concentrically and non-rotatably project radially are attached. Spacers 23 are attached between adjacent disks 22. On the outer circumference of each disk 22, a plurality of stirring rods 24 are attached in a radially projecting manner.
  • counter rods 25 Attached to the cylindrical inner wall 10 of the grinding container 3 are counter rods 25 which protrude radially into the grinding chamber 20 and are arranged axially in such a way that they always lie between two axially adjacent stirring rods 24.
  • the structure of this agitator 7 as a hollow, coolable agitator and the design of the counter rods 25 is shown and described in detail in DE-A-2629251 (corresponding to US-A-4129261), to which reference can be made for information purposes.
  • the grinding chamber 20 is closed at the top by a separating device 26, which consists of an annular disk 28 attached to the agitator shaft 21 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a feather key connection 27 and a stationary counter ring 29 arranged concentrically thereto.
  • This counter ring 29 is screwed onto the upper end of the cooling jacket 9 by means of screws 30.
  • This counter ring 29 also serves as a connecting flange for attaching an Ab Cover hood 31 by means of screws 32.
  • This cover hood includes a discharge space 33, from which a regrind outlet nozzle 34 opens.
  • the agitator shaft 21 passed through the discharge space 33 is guided through the cover hood 31 in a sealed manner by means of a stuffing box 35 which is only indicated.
  • the connection between the cover 31 and the grinding container 3 is also gas and liquid tight.
  • a collecting container 37 which can be moved on rollers 36 is displaceably arranged on the bottom 38 and is closed in a gas-tight and liquid-tight manner with a removable cover 39.
  • the regrind outlet connection 34 is connected to this collecting container 37 via a transfer line 40 which opens into the cover 39.
  • a sight glass 41 can be fitted in the cover 39.
  • a vacuum line 42 opens into the discharge space 33, through which a corresponding negative pressure can be generated and maintained.
  • a vacuum line 43 for example attached to the cover 39, can be provided, through which a corresponding negative pressure can be generated and maintained in the collecting container 37. Due to the connection of the discharge space 33 with the collecting container 37 via the transfer line 40, the vacuum propagates anyway from the discharge space 33 to the collecting container 37 or vice versa.
  • the grinding chamber 20 is filled in the usual way to 50 to 70% of its free volume with auxiliary grinding bodies 44, only one of which is shown in the enlarged partial section of FIG. 3.
  • auxiliary grinding bodies 44 are retained in the grinding chamber 20 by the separating device 26, specifically in that the separating gap 45 between the annular disk 28 rotating with the agitator shaft 21 and the counter ring 29 firmly connected to the grinding container 3 at its narrowest point - facing the grinding chamber 20 has a width a which is smaller than the diameter d of the smallest auxiliary grinding bodies 44 located in the grinding container 3, so that no auxiliary grinding bodies 44 can enter the discharge space 33 through this separation gap 45.
  • FIG. 2 and in particular from FIG.
  • the separating gap delimiting surfaces 46, 47 on the annular disk 28 on the one hand and on the counter ring 29 on the other hand are inclined radially outwards from the grinding chamber 20, i.e. they have a radial directional component, namely a radially outward directional component.
  • the separating gap limiting surface 47 formed on the counter ring is inclined somewhat more than the separating gap limiting surface 46 formed on the annular disc 28, so that the separating gap 45 widens from the grinding chamber 20 to the discharge chamber 33.
  • the narrowest gap width a is primarily adapted to the auxiliary grinding bodies 44, but in any case it is so narrow that the vacuum from the discharge space 33 does not spread into the grinding space 20, since a vacuum in the grinding space would cause air to escape during the grinding escapes from the regrind. Such an air passage would affect the grinding.
  • the millbase emerging from the grinding chamber 20 after grinding into the discharge chamber 33 is simultaneously subjected to high shear forces between the separating gap boundary surfaces 46 and 47 moving against one another and at the same time is subjected to negative pressure from the narrowest point facing the grinding chamber 20 increases in width a toward the upper end of the separation gap 45 facing the discharge space 43.
  • the regrind is also discharged from this separation gap in the form of an atomizing ring film, the particles of which are then deaerated in the discharge chamber under vacuum.
  • the regrind which is usually color, is therefore subjected to extremely favorable ventilation.
  • the ratio of a / d is usually 1/3 to Y2.
  • the widening of the separation gap 45 from the narrowest point facing the grinding chamber 20 with the width a to the furthest side facing the discharge chamber 33 is 10a to 20a.
  • the length of the separation gap 45 from the narrowest to the widest point is about 20 to 70 mm.
  • the excellent venting effect is essentially due to the fact that the air bubbles present in the ground material burst when they emerge from the separation gap 45.
  • the proportion of air in the regrind is extremely high, because the color or pigment contains an extremely large amount of air due to its production.
  • air is additionally sucked into and dispersed in the regrind.
  • the agitator mill not only the color, i.e. the pigment is finely dispersed in its binder or solvent, but that the existing air is also finely dispersed here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Abstract

A de-aerating agitating mill, especially for paints, pigments and the like in which the mixing chamber is closed off from a discharge chamber which may be subjected to reduced pressure. The closure is effected by a separator device consisting of a central disk which is attached to the stirrer or agitator shaft and rotates in a hole within a stationary part of the casing. A narrow, annular gap between the periphery of the disk and the rim of the hole acts as an outlet channel through which the ground or mixed stock is extruded. The shear stresses exerted on the stock rupture the material and burst any air bubbles which are then removed by the vacuum.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1, die Verwendung einer Rührwerksmühle nach Patentanspruch 3 und eine Rührwerksmühle nach Patentanspruch 4.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1, the use of an agitator mill according to patent claim 3 and an agitator mill according to patent claim 4.

Das Entlüften von viskosem Mahlgut und insbesondere von pasteusem, also hochviskosem Mahlgut, wie Farben nach dem Mahlen ist ausserordentlich schwierig. Aus der DE-A-1607480 ist eine geschlossene Rührwerksmühle bekannt, die einen einen Mahlraum umschliessenden Mahlbehälter aufweist, in dem ein drehend antreibbares Rührwerk angeordnet ist. Dem Mahlraum wird Mahlgut von unten zugepumpt. Am oberen Ende ist der Mahlraum durch eine Trennspalt-Trenneinrichtung verschlossen, auf deren anderer Seite ein Austragsraum angeordnet ist. Aus diesem Austragsraum mündet eine Leitung aus, in der eine Materialabsaugpumpe angeordnet ist. Die Rührwerkswelle ist nach oben aus dem Austragsraum unter Abdichtung mittels einer Stopfbuchse herausgeführt. In der Nähe dieser Wellendichtung mündet in den Austragsraum eine Vakuumleitung. Die Rührwerksmühle wird in der Weise betrieben, dass auch der Austragsraum zumindest zu einem ganz erheblichen Teil mit Mahlgut gefüllt ist, wobei der Grad der Füllung des Austragsraums durch Abstimmung der Zuführpumpe einerseits und der Absaugpumpe andererseits erreicht wird. Auf jeden Fall ist der Austragsraum soweit gefüllt, dass über dem Trennspalt eine hohe Flüssigkeitssäule steht. Entscheidend ist für die Betriebsweise dieser bekannten Rührwerksmühle lediglich, dass eine Trombe gebildet wird, dass also durch die Fliehkraftwirkung der rotierenden Welle im Austragsraum ein materialfreier Raum gebildet wird, so dass die Wellendichtung nicht durch Mahlgut belastet wird. Durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der Absaugpumpe wird ein Rückstau aufgebaut, der diese Füllung gewährleistet. Die Trombe, also der relativ kleine nicht mit Mahlgut gefüllte Raum im Wellenbereich des Austragsraumes kann mit Vakuum beaufschlagt werden. Die Entlüftung des Mahlgutes erfolgt also nur von der - bezogen auf das Volumen - kleinen Oberfläche der Trombe her. Dieses Verfahren wirft noch zusätzliche Probleme auf, da die Füllung des Austragsraumes mit Mahlgut gesteuert werden muss, wofür beispielsweise Fühler vorgesehen sein müssen.It is extremely difficult to deaerate viscous regrind and in particular pasteus, ie highly viscous regrind, such as colors after grinding. From DE-A-1607480 a closed agitator mill is known, which has a milling chamber enclosing a milling chamber, in which a rotatingly driven agitator is arranged. Grist is pumped into the grinding chamber from below. At the upper end, the grinding chamber is closed by a separating gap separating device, on the other side of which a discharge chamber is arranged. A line opens out of this discharge space, in which a material suction pump is arranged. The agitator shaft is led upwards out of the discharge area, sealed by means of a stuffing box. A vacuum line opens into the discharge area near this shaft seal. The agitator mill is operated in such a way that the discharge space is also at least to a considerable extent filled with regrind, the degree of filling of the discharge space being achieved by coordinating the feed pump on the one hand and the suction pump on the other. In any case, the discharge space is filled to such an extent that there is a high liquid column above the separation gap. The only thing that is decisive for the operation of this known agitator mill is that a drum is formed, that is to say that the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft creates a material-free space in the discharge space, so that the shaft seal is not burdened by regrind. Appropriate control of the suction pump builds up a back pressure that ensures this filling. The drum, that is the relatively small space in the shaft area of the discharge space that is not filled with regrind, can be subjected to a vacuum. The ground material is therefore only vented from the - based on the volume - small surface of the drum. This method also poses additional problems, since the filling of the discharge space with regrind has to be controlled, for which for example sensors have to be provided.

Aus der DE-A-1482393 ist eine stehende Rührwerksmühle bekannt, deren zylindrischer Mahlbehälter oben mit einem Zulauftrichter versehen ist, dem durch eine Leitung Mahlgut frei zugeführt wird. Am unteren Ende des Mahlraums ist eine Trennspalt-Trenneinrichtung vorgesehen, durch die das Mahlgut in einen Austragsraum abfliesst, von wo es durch eine Leitung abgefördert wird. An der Unterseite der mit der Rührwerkswelle gekoppelten Scheibe der Trenneinrichtung sind Schaufeln angebracht, die das durch den Trennspalt der Trenneinrichtung austretende Mahlgut über die Leitung nach aussen fördern. Die Anordnung einer solchen Saugpumpe hinter der Trenneinrichtung ist notwendig, weil das Mahlgut dem Mahlraum drucklos zugeführt wird und somit am Trennspalt im Mahlraum nur der statische Druck der Mahlgutsäule herrscht. Dieser reicht aber wegen der sehr geringen Breite des Trennspaltes nicht aus, das Mahlgut in ausreichendem Mass abfliessen zu lassen. Der Saugpumpe hinter der Trenneinrichtung kommt somit nur die Funktion zu, die bei den gattungsgemässen, von unten nach oben durchströmten Rührwerksmühlen der Förderpumpe auf der Mahlgutzulaufseite zukommt. Eine irgendwie geartete Entlüftung des Mahlgutes hinter der Trenneinrichtung ist nicht möglich. Insofern als Luft im Mahlgut ist, die frei entweichen kann, steigt diese Luft in der bekannten Rührwerksmühle nach oben, also zum Mahlguteinlauf hin auf. Da auf der Mahlgutauslaufseite die Abzugsleitung nach oben steigt, findet ein Rückstau des wegzufördernden Mahlgutes statt, so dass der Austragsraum vollständig gefüllt ist.A standing agitator mill is known from DE-A-1482393, the cylindrical grinding container of which is provided at the top with an inlet funnel, to which regrind is freely fed through a line. At the lower end of the grinding chamber, a separating gap separating device is provided, through which the ground material flows into a discharge chamber, from where it is discharged through a line. Paddles are attached to the underside of the disk of the separating device coupled to the agitator shaft, which convey the regrind escaping through the separating gap of the separating device via the line to the outside. The arrangement of such a suction pump behind the separating device is necessary because the ground material is fed to the grinding chamber without pressure and thus only the static pressure of the ground material column prevails at the separating gap in the grinding chamber. However, due to the very small width of the separation gap, this is not sufficient to allow the regrind to flow away to a sufficient extent. The suction pump behind the separating device therefore only has the function that is assigned to the feed pump on the grinding material inlet side in the case of the generic agitator mills through which the flow flows from bottom to top. Any kind of ventilation of the ground material behind the separating device is not possible. Insofar as there is air in the regrind that can escape freely, this air rises in the known agitator mill, that is to say towards the regrind inlet. Since the discharge line rises upwards on the regrind outlet side, the regrind to be removed is backlogged so that the discharge space is completely filled.

Aus der DE-A-2323733 ist eine horizontal angeordnete Rührwerksmühle bekannt, der Mahlgut an einem Ende zugeführt und am anderen Ende durch ein ortsfestes Spaltsieb als Trenneinrichtung entnommen wird. Durch diese Trenneinrichtung fliesst das Mahlgut in einen relativ grossen, mit Vakuum beaufschlagbaren Austragsraum, in dem es mittels eines Rührwerkzeugs ständig umgewälzt wird, so dass immer neue Oberflächenteile des Mahlgutes dem Unterdruck zum Zwecke der Entlüftung ausgesetzt werden. Die Höhe der Mahlgutfüllung in dem evakuierbaren Austragsraum wird durch ein am Boden befindliches Regulierventil im Auslaufstutzen bestimmt. Der konstruktive Aufwand für diese Entlüftungseinrichtung ist verhältnismässig gross. Im übrigen ist die Entlüftungswirkung noch unbefriedigend.From DE-A-2323733 a horizontally arranged agitator mill is known, the regrind is fed in at one end and is removed as a separating device at the other end through a stationary slotted screen. Through this separating device, the regrind flows into a relatively large discharge space which can be subjected to vacuum, in which it is constantly circulated by means of a stirring tool, so that new surface parts of the regrind are exposed to the negative pressure for the purpose of ventilation. The level of the regrind filling in the evacuable discharge space is determined by a regulating valve located on the bottom in the discharge nozzle. The design effort for this venting device is relatively large. Otherwise, the ventilation effect is still unsatisfactory.

Aus dem Artikel von Engels «Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades von nassarbeitenden Rührwerksmühlen durch Vollraumnutzung und Vermeidung von Lufteinschlüssen» in der Zeitschrift «Farbe und Lack», Heft 10, 1969, ist es bekannt, das Mahlgut aus einer geschlossenen Rührwerksmühle in einen Auffangbehälter zu überführen. Die Rührwerksmühle weist eine aus einem Zylindersieb bestehende Trenneinrichtung auf, die die im Mahlraum der Rührwerksmühle befindlichen Mahlhilfskörper zurückhält. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung wird ein der Mühle vorgeschalteter Vorratsbehälter und ein der Rührwerksmühle nachgeschalteter Auffangbehälter jeweils mit Vakuum beaufschlagt. Zusätzlich kann der Mahlraum der Mühle selber mit Vakuum beaufschlagt werden. Diese bekannte Ausgestaltung ist nicht funktionsfähig, da durch die Vakuumbeaufschlagung des Mahlraums das Mahlgut aufgeschäumt und hierdurch die Mahlhilfskörper mit hochgeschwemmt werden, die die Vakuumleitung selber verstopfen. Wenn dagegen nur vom Auffangbehälter her eine Vakuumbeaufschlagung erfolgt, dann wird nur ein sehr kleiner Luftanteil aus dem Mahlgut entfernt.It is known from Engels' article "Improving the efficiency of wet-working agitator mills by using full space and avoiding air pockets" in the magazine "Farbe und Lack", issue 10, 1969, of transferring the regrind from a closed agitator mill to a collecting container. The agitator mill has a separating device consisting of a cylinder sieve, which holds back the auxiliary grinding bodies located in the grinding chamber of the agitator mill. In this embodiment, a storage container upstream of the mill and a collecting container downstream of the agitator mill are each subjected to a vacuum. In addition, the grinding chamber of the mill itself can be subjected to a vacuum. This known embodiment is not functional since the material to be ground is foamed by the vacuum applied to the grinding chamber and the auxiliary grinding bodies are thereby washed up, which the vacuum Plug the line yourself. If, on the other hand, vacuum is applied only from the collecting container, then only a very small amount of air is removed from the regrind.

Weiterhin ist es bekannt, einem beheizbaren Mischtank ein Dispergier- und Homogenisier-Aggregat zuzuordnen und eine Vakuumentlüftungsanlage nachzuschalten. Diese besteht aus einem Behälter in Form eines auf der Spitze stehenden Kegels, in den oben eine vom Mischtank kommende Leitung einmündet. Das durch diese Leitung zugeführte viskose Material wird auf eine hochtourig angetriebene Schleuderscheibe aufgegeben, die das Material verhältnismässig fein verteilt abspritzt. Gleichzeitig wird der Behälter über eine Vakuumleitung mit Unterdruck beaufschlagt. Am unteren Ende des Behälters ist eine Austragspumpe angeschlossen. Diese bekannten Ausführungen arbeiten zufriedenstellend, stellen aber einen beträchtlichen zusätzlichen apparativen Aufwand dar.Furthermore, it is known to assign a dispersing and homogenizing unit to a heatable mixing tank and to connect a vacuum ventilation system downstream. This consists of a container in the form of a cone standing on top, into which a line coming from the mixing tank opens. The viscous material fed through this line is fed onto a high-speed driven centrifugal disc, which hoses the material in a relatively finely divided manner. At the same time, the container is pressurized with vacuum via a vacuum line. A discharge pump is connected to the lower end of the container. These known designs work satisfactorily, but represent a considerable additional outlay on equipment.

Weiterhin ist es bekannt, pasteuse Materialien auf Walzenstühlen, und zwar auf Ein- oder Drei-Walzenstühlen zu behandeln. Hierbei wird in den Walzenspalten die Luft regelrecht aus dem Material herausgequetscht. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine besonders einfache Entlüftung von viskosem Mahlgut zu erreichen.Furthermore, it is known to treat paste materials on roller mills, specifically on one or three roller mills. The air is squeezed out of the material in the nips. The invention has for its object to achieve a particularly simple ventilation of viscous regrind.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichnungsteiles des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Wesentlich für die Erfindung ist, dass das Mahlgut durch Scherkrafteinwirkung extrem aufgerissen und gleichzeitig zu einem zerstäubenden Film ausgeformt wird, so dass eine grosse Anzahl von sehr kleinen Partikeln entsteht, die - bezogen auf ihr Volumen - eine ausserordentlich grosse Oberfläche haben. In diesem Zustand werden diese einzelnen Partikel mit Vakuum beaufschlagt, wodurch eine ausserordentlich günstige Entlüftung auch extrem schwierig zu entlüftender viskoser Massen erreicht wird. Diser Effekt wird noch vergrössert, wenn das Mahlgut gleichzeitig expandiert wird (Patentanspruch 2).This object is achieved in a method according to the preamble of claim 1 by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. It is essential for the invention that the material to be ground is extremely torn open by the action of shear force and at the same time is formed into an atomizing film, so that a large number of very small particles are formed which - based on their volume - have an extraordinarily large surface area. In this state, these individual particles are subjected to a vacuum, which results in extremely favorable ventilation, even of extremely difficult to vent viscous materials. This effect is further increased if the regrind is expanded at the same time (claim 2).

Bei Verwendung einer Rührwerksmühle zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens entsprechend dem Patentanspruch 3 wird erreicht, dass das Vakuum selber nicht in den Mahlraum der Rührwerksmühle eindringt, so dass die bei der Direktbeaufschlagung der Rührwerksmühle mit Vakuum auftretenden Nachteile nicht auftreten. Andererseits wird eine Entlüftung erreicht, wie sie nicht auf Walzenstühlen erreichbar ist. Hinzu kommt, dass die Mengenleistung nicht der eines Walzenstuhls, sondern der der Rührwerksmühle entspricht. Die gesamten Investitionskosten für einen Walzenstuhl oder eine andere Vakuumentlüftungsanlage und die Energiekosten hierfür entfallen durch die erfindungsgemässe Lösung vollständig.When using an agitator mill to carry out this method according to claim 3, it is achieved that the vacuum itself does not penetrate into the grinding chamber of the agitator mill, so that the disadvantages that occur when the agitator mill is directly subjected to vacuum do not occur. On the other hand, ventilation is achieved that cannot be achieved on roller mills. In addition, the volume output does not correspond to that of a roller mill, but that of the agitator mill. The total investment costs for a roller mill or another vacuum ventilation system and the energy costs for this are completely eliminated by the solution according to the invention.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen 4 bis 7 und aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung. In der Zeichnung zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Rührwerksmühle gemäss der Erfindung mit nachgeordnetem Auffangbehälter,
  • Fig. 2 die Rührwerksmühle im Längsschnitt und
  • Fig. 3 einen Teilausschnitt 111 aus Fig. 2.
Further advantages and features of the invention result from claims 4 to 7 and from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. In the drawing shows
  • 1 is an agitator mill according to the invention with a downstream collecting container,
  • Fig. 2 shows the agitator mill in longitudinal section and
  • 3 shows a partial section 111 from FIG. 2.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Rührwerksmühle weist in üblicher Weise einen,Ständer 1 auf, an dessen Oberseite ein vorkragender Tragarm 2 angebracht ist, an dem wiederum ein zylindrischer Mahlbehälter 3 befestigt ist. In dem Ständer 1 ist ein elektrischer Antriebsmotor 4 untergebracht, der mit einer Keilriemenscheibe 5 versehen ist, von der über Keilriemen 6 eine mit einem Rührwerk 7 drehfest verbundene Keilriemenscheibe 8 drehend antreibbar ist.The agitator mill shown in the drawing has, in the usual way, a stand 1, on the top of which a projecting support arm 2 is attached, to which in turn a cylindrical grinding container 3 is attached. In the stand 1, an electric drive motor 4 is accommodated, which is provided with a V-belt pulley 5, of which a V-belt pulley 8, which is non-rotatably connected to an agitator 7, can be driven in rotation by means of the V-belt 6.

Der Mahlbehälter 3 weist einen Kühlmantel 9 auf, der durch eine zylindrische Innenwand 10 und eine diese konzentrisch zur Mittel-Längsachse 11 des Mahlbehälters 3 angeordnete, ebenfalls zylindrische Aussenwand 12 begrenzt wird. Die Innenwand 10 und die Aussenwand 12 sind oben und unten durch Abschlussringe 13, 14 miteinander verbunden. In diesen so gebildeten Kühlmantel 9 mündet unten ein Kühlwasseranschluss 15 ein und oben ein Kühlwasserablauf 16 aus. Der Mahlbehälter 3 ist an seinem unteren Ende durch eine Bodenplatte 17 abgeschlossen, die beispielsweise mittels Schrauben 18 am unteren Ende des Kühlmantels im Abschlussring 13 befestigt ist. An der Bodenplatte 17 ist ein Mahlgutzulauf 19 angebracht, durch den Mahlgut von unten in den Mahlraum 20 des Mahlbehälters 3 gepumpt werden kann.The grinding container 3 has a cooling jacket 9 which is delimited by a cylindrical inner wall 10 and a likewise cylindrical outer wall 12 arranged concentrically to the central longitudinal axis 11 of the grinding container 3. The inner wall 10 and the outer wall 12 are connected to one another at the top and bottom by end rings 13, 14. In this cooling jacket 9 thus formed, a cooling water connection 15 opens at the bottom and a cooling water outlet 16 at the top. The grinding container 3 is closed at its lower end by a base plate 17 which is fastened, for example, by means of screws 18 to the lower end of the cooling jacket in the end ring 13. On the base plate 17 there is attached a feed stock 19 through which the regrind can be pumped from below into the grinding chamber 20 of the grinding container 3.

Das konzentrisch zur Mittel-Längsachse 11 angeordnete Rührwerk 7 besteht aus einer Rührwerkswelle 21, auf dem konzentrisch und drehfest radial abstehende Scheiben 22 angebracht sind. Zwischen benachbarten Scheiben 22 sind Distanzstücke 23 angebracht. Am Aussenumfang jeder Scheibe 22 sind radial abstehend mehrere Rührstäbe 24 befestigt.The agitator 7, which is arranged concentrically to the central longitudinal axis 11, consists of an agitator shaft 21, on which discs 22 which are concentrically and non-rotatably project radially are attached. Spacers 23 are attached between adjacent disks 22. On the outer circumference of each disk 22, a plurality of stirring rods 24 are attached in a radially projecting manner.

An der zylindrischen Innenwand 10 des Mahlbehälters 3 sind radial in den Mahlraum 20 hineinragende Gegenstäbe 25 angebracht, die axial so angeordnet sind, dass sie immer zwischen zwei axial benachbarten Rührstäben 24 liegen. Der Aufbau dieses Rührwerks 7 als hohles, kühlbares Rührwerk und die Ausgestaltung der Gegenstäbe 25 ist im einzelnen in der DE-A-2629251 (entsprechend US-A-4129261) dargestellt und beschrieben, worauf zu Informationszwecken verwiesen werden kann.Attached to the cylindrical inner wall 10 of the grinding container 3 are counter rods 25 which protrude radially into the grinding chamber 20 and are arranged axially in such a way that they always lie between two axially adjacent stirring rods 24. The structure of this agitator 7 as a hollow, coolable agitator and the design of the counter rods 25 is shown and described in detail in DE-A-2629251 (corresponding to US-A-4129261), to which reference can be made for information purposes.

Der Mahlraum 20 wird nach oben durch eine Trenneinrichtung 26 verschlossen, die aus einer an der Rührwerkswelle 21 drehfest mittels einer Passfederverbindung 27 angebrachten Ringscheibe 28 und einem konzentrisch hierzu angeordneten ortsfesten Gegenring 29 besteht. Dieser Gegenring 29 ist an das obere Ende des Kühlmantels 9 mittels Schrauben 30 angeschraubt. Dieser Gegenring 29 dient gleichzeitig als Anschlussflansch zur Befestigung einer Abdeckhaube 31 mittels Schrauben 32. Diese Abdeckhaube schliesst einen Austragsraum 33 ein, aus dem ein Mahlgutauslaufstutzen 34 ausmündet. Die durch den Austragsraum 33 hindurchgeführte Rührwerkswelle 21 ist durch die Abdeckhaube 31 mittels einer nur angedeuteten Stopfbüchse 35 abgedichtet hindurchgeführt. Die Verbindung zwischen der Abdeckhaube 31 und dem Mahlbehälter 3 ist ebenfalls gas- und flüssigkeitsdicht.The grinding chamber 20 is closed at the top by a separating device 26, which consists of an annular disk 28 attached to the agitator shaft 21 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a feather key connection 27 and a stationary counter ring 29 arranged concentrically thereto. This counter ring 29 is screwed onto the upper end of the cooling jacket 9 by means of screws 30. This counter ring 29 also serves as a connecting flange for attaching an Ab Cover hood 31 by means of screws 32. This cover hood includes a discharge space 33, from which a regrind outlet nozzle 34 opens. The agitator shaft 21 passed through the discharge space 33 is guided through the cover hood 31 in a sealed manner by means of a stuffing box 35 which is only indicated. The connection between the cover 31 and the grinding container 3 is also gas and liquid tight.

Neben der Rührwerksmühle ist ein auf Rollen 36 verfahrbarer Auffangbehälter 37 auf dem Boden 38 verschiebbar angeordnet, der mit einem abnehmbaren Deckel 39 gas- und flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen ist. Der Mahlgutauslaufstutzen 34 ist mit diesem Auffangbehälter 37 über eine Überführungsleitung 40 verbunden, die in den Deckel 39 einmündet. Im Deckel 39 kann ein Schauglas 41 angebracht sein.In addition to the agitator mill, a collecting container 37 which can be moved on rollers 36 is displaceably arranged on the bottom 38 and is closed in a gas-tight and liquid-tight manner with a removable cover 39. The regrind outlet connection 34 is connected to this collecting container 37 via a transfer line 40 which opens into the cover 39. A sight glass 41 can be fitted in the cover 39.

In den Austragsraum 33 mündet eine Vakuumleitung 42, durch die ein entsprechender Unterdruck erzeugt und aufrechterhalten werden kann. Alternativ oder kumulativ kann eine beispielsweise am Deckel 39 angebrachte Vakuumleitung 43 vorgesehen sein, durch die im Auffangbehälter 37 ein entsprechender Unterdruck erzeugt und aufrechterhalten werden kann. Aufgrund der Verbindung des Austragsraumes 33 mit dem Auffangbehälter 37 über die Überführungsleitung 40 pflanzt sich ohnehin das Vakuum vom Austragsraum 33 zum Auffangbehälter 37 oder umgekehrt fort.A vacuum line 42 opens into the discharge space 33, through which a corresponding negative pressure can be generated and maintained. Alternatively or cumulatively, a vacuum line 43, for example attached to the cover 39, can be provided, through which a corresponding negative pressure can be generated and maintained in the collecting container 37. Due to the connection of the discharge space 33 with the collecting container 37 via the transfer line 40, the vacuum propagates anyway from the discharge space 33 to the collecting container 37 or vice versa.

Der Mahlraum 20 ist in üblicher Weise zu 50 bis 70% seines freien Volumens mit Mahlhilfskörpern 44 gefüllt, von denen nur einer in dem vergrösserten Teilausschnitt der Fig. 3 dargestellt ist. Diese Mahlhilfskörper 44 werden durch die Trenneinrichtung 26 im Mahlraum 20 zurückgehalten, und zwar dadurch, dass der Trennspalt 45 zwischen der mit der Rührwerkswelle 21 umlaufenden Ringscheibe 28 und dem fest mit dem Mahlbehälter 3 verbundenen Gegenring 29 an seiner - dem Mahlraum 20 zugewandten - engsten Stelle eine Breite a hat, die kleiner ist als der Durchmesser d der kleinsten im Mahlbehälter 3 befindlichen Mahlhilfskörper 44, so dass durch diesen Trennspalt 45 keine Mahlhilfskörper 44 in den Austragsraum 33 gelangen können. Wie aus Fig. 2 und insbesondere aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, sind die Trennspalt-Begrenzungsflächen 46, 47 an der Ringscheibe 28 einerseits und am Gegenring 29 andererseits vom Mahlraum 20 aus gesehen radial nach aussen geneigt, d.h. sie haben eine radiale Richtungskomponente, und zwar eine radial nach aussen gerichtete Richtungskomponente. Gleichzeitig ist aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich, dass die am Gegenring ausgebildete Trennspaltbegrenzungsfläche 47 etwas stärker geneigt ist als die an der Ringscheibe 28 ausgebildete Trennspaltbegrenzungsfläche 46, so dass sich der Trennspalt 45 vom Mahlraum 20 aus zum Austragsraum 33 hin erweitert. Die engste Spaltweite a ist primär den Mahlhilfskörpern 44 angepasst, sie ist auf jeden Fall aber so eng, dass das Vakuum vom Austragsraum 33 her nicht in dem Mahlraum 20 sich ausbreitet, da ein Vakuum im Mahlraum während des Mahlens dazu führen würde, dass Luft aus dem Mahlgut entweicht. Ein solcher Luftgang würde aber die Mahlung beeinträchtigen. In diesem extrem engen Trennspalt 45 wird das durch diesen aus dem Mahlraum 20 nach dem Mahlen in den Austragsraum 33 austretende Mahlgut gleichzeitig hohen Scherkräften zwischen den gegeneinander bewegten Trennspaltbegrenzungsflächen 46 und 47 ausgesetzt und gleichzeitig mit Unterdruck beaufschlagt, der von der dem Mahlraum 20 zugewandten engsten Stelle mit der Breite a zum oberen, dem Austragsraum 43 zugewandten Ende des Trennspaltes 45 hin zunimmt. Aus diesem Trennspalt wird im übrigen das Mahlgut in Form eines zerstäubenden Ringfilms ausgetragen, dessen Partikel dann im Austragsraum noch unter Vakuum entlüftet werden. Das Mahlgut, bei dem es sich in der Regel um Farbe handelt, wird also einer äusserst günstigen Entlüftung unterzogen.The grinding chamber 20 is filled in the usual way to 50 to 70% of its free volume with auxiliary grinding bodies 44, only one of which is shown in the enlarged partial section of FIG. 3. These auxiliary grinding bodies 44 are retained in the grinding chamber 20 by the separating device 26, specifically in that the separating gap 45 between the annular disk 28 rotating with the agitator shaft 21 and the counter ring 29 firmly connected to the grinding container 3 at its narrowest point - facing the grinding chamber 20 has a width a which is smaller than the diameter d of the smallest auxiliary grinding bodies 44 located in the grinding container 3, so that no auxiliary grinding bodies 44 can enter the discharge space 33 through this separation gap 45. As can be seen from FIG. 2 and in particular from FIG. 3, the separating gap delimiting surfaces 46, 47 on the annular disk 28 on the one hand and on the counter ring 29 on the other hand are inclined radially outwards from the grinding chamber 20, i.e. they have a radial directional component, namely a radially outward directional component. At the same time, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the separating gap limiting surface 47 formed on the counter ring is inclined somewhat more than the separating gap limiting surface 46 formed on the annular disc 28, so that the separating gap 45 widens from the grinding chamber 20 to the discharge chamber 33. The narrowest gap width a is primarily adapted to the auxiliary grinding bodies 44, but in any case it is so narrow that the vacuum from the discharge space 33 does not spread into the grinding space 20, since a vacuum in the grinding space would cause air to escape during the grinding escapes from the regrind. Such an air passage would affect the grinding. In this extremely narrow separating gap 45, the millbase emerging from the grinding chamber 20 after grinding into the discharge chamber 33 is simultaneously subjected to high shear forces between the separating gap boundary surfaces 46 and 47 moving against one another and at the same time is subjected to negative pressure from the narrowest point facing the grinding chamber 20 increases in width a toward the upper end of the separation gap 45 facing the discharge space 43. The regrind is also discharged from this separation gap in the form of an atomizing ring film, the particles of which are then deaerated in the discharge chamber under vacuum. The regrind, which is usually color, is therefore subjected to extremely favorable ventilation.

Das Verhältnis von a/d beträgt üblicherweise 1/3 bis Y2. Der Durchmesser der Mahlhilfskörper 44 beträgt üblicherweise d = 0,5 bis 2 mm. Die Erweiterung des Trennspaltes 45 von der engsten, dem Mahlraum 20 zugewandten Stelle mit der Breite a bis zur weitesten, dem Austragsraum 33 zugewandten Seite beträgt 10a bis 20a. Die Länge des Trennspaltes 45 von der engsten bis zur weitesten Stelle beträgt etwa 20 bis 70 mm.The ratio of a / d is usually 1/3 to Y2. The diameter of the auxiliary grinding bodies 44 is usually d = 0.5 to 2 mm. The widening of the separation gap 45 from the narrowest point facing the grinding chamber 20 with the width a to the furthest side facing the discharge chamber 33 is 10a to 20a. The length of the separation gap 45 from the narrowest to the widest point is about 20 to 70 mm.

Der hervorragende Entlüftungseffekt ist wesentlich darauf zurückzuführen, dass die im Mahlgut vorhandenen Luftbläschen beim Austritt aus dem Trennspalt 45 zerplatzen. Der Anteil der Luft im Mahlgut ist ausserordentlich hoch, und zwar deswegen, weil in der Farbe, bzw. dem Pigment bedingt durch seine Herstellung extrem viel Luft enthalten ist. Hinzu kommt, dass bei den üblichen Vormischprozessen in sogenannten Dissolvern zusätzlich noch Luft in das Mahlgut eingesaugt und in diesem dispergiert wird. Weiterhin kommt hinzu, dass in der Rührwerksmühle nicht nur die Farbe, d.h. das Pigment in seinem Bindemittel bzw. Lösungsmittel feindispergiert wird, sondern dass hier auch die vorhandene Luft feindispergiertwird.The excellent venting effect is essentially due to the fact that the air bubbles present in the ground material burst when they emerge from the separation gap 45. The proportion of air in the regrind is extremely high, because the color or pigment contains an extremely large amount of air due to its production. In addition, in the usual premixing processes in so-called dissolvers, air is additionally sucked into and dispersed in the regrind. In addition, in the agitator mill not only the color, i.e. the pigment is finely dispersed in its binder or solvent, but that the existing air is also finely dispersed here.

Claims (7)

1. Method of removing air from viscous ground or milled material, particularly from thick paints, under the effects of shear force and a vacuum at the exit of an agitating mill, characterised in that, following the grinding process, the ground material is formed into a thin film in the form of a spray and is simultaneously subjected to a vacuum.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the ground material is expanded at the same time.
3. Use of a closed agitating mill, consisting of a cylindrical grinding tank (3) which encloses a grinding compartment (20) and is provided with a lower inlet (19) for material to be ground, a rotatably driven agitating or mixing mechanism (7) which is arranged in the said tank, and a separating device with separating gap which is arranged between the upper end of the grinding compartment (20) and a delivery chamber (33), for carrying out the method according to Claims 1 and 2.
4. Agitating mill used according to Claim 3, characterised in that a vacuum pipe (42; 43) is associated with the delivery chamber (33).
5. Agitating mill used according to Claim 3 or4, characterised in that the separating gap (45) broadens in the direction of the delivery chamber (33).
6. Agitating mill used according to Claim 5, characterised in that the width (a) of the separating gap (45) increases ten to twenty times from the narrowest point on the side facing the grinding or milling chamber (20) to the delivery chamber (33).
7. Agitating mill used according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the length of the separating gap (45) is 20 to 70 mm.
EP80102784A 1979-05-26 1980-05-20 Method of deaerating viscous grindable material Expired EP0019834B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80102784T ATE1601T1 (en) 1979-05-26 1980-05-20 PROCEDURE FOR DE-AIRING VISCOUS GRIND, USE OF AN AGITATOR MILL TO CARRY OUT THE PROCESS, AND AGITATOR MILL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19792921408 DE2921408A1 (en) 1979-05-26 1979-05-26 METHOD FOR VENTILATING VISCOSIVE GROUND MATERIAL, USE OF A STIRRING MILL FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD AND STIRRING MILL
DE2921408 1979-05-26

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EP0019834A1 EP0019834A1 (en) 1980-12-10
EP0019834B1 true EP0019834B1 (en) 1982-09-29
EP0019834B2 EP0019834B2 (en) 1986-05-14

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EP (1) EP0019834B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS55157339A (en)
AT (1) ATE1601T1 (en)
DE (2) DE2921408A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0019834A1 (en) 1980-12-10
DE3060896D1 (en) 1982-11-11
DE2921408A1 (en) 1980-11-27
JPS55157339A (en) 1980-12-08
EP0019834B2 (en) 1986-05-14
JPS6329590B2 (en) 1988-06-14
ATE1601T1 (en) 1982-10-15
US4382557A (en) 1983-05-10

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