DE1520879B2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von alkyl- oder aikenylsubstituierten aliphatischen mehrwertigen Aminen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von alkyl- oder aikenylsubstituierten aliphatischen mehrwertigen AminenInfo
- Publication number
- DE1520879B2 DE1520879B2 DE1520879A DES0092408A DE1520879B2 DE 1520879 B2 DE1520879 B2 DE 1520879B2 DE 1520879 A DE1520879 A DE 1520879A DE S0092408 A DES0092408 A DE S0092408A DE 1520879 B2 DE1520879 B2 DE 1520879B2
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- alkenyl
- amines
- substituted aliphatic
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/54—Amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/18—Introducing halogen atoms or halogen-containing groups
- C08F8/20—Halogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
- C08F8/32—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/26—Amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/022—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amino group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
- C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
25
Die Schmierölzusatzstoffe können eingeteilt werden in eine Gruppe aus Substanzen, welche Metallatome
enthalten, beispielsweise Metallseifen von öllöslichen organischen Säuren, und in eine Gruppe von Verbindungen,
die keine Metallatome enthalten. Diese zuletzt genannte Gruppe von Zusatzstoffen weist statt der
Metallatome eine polare organische Gruppe im Molekül auf, der sie die Eigenschaft, als Zusatzstoffe zu
wirken, verdankt. Vertreter dieses speziellen Typs von Zusatzstoffen sind z. B. tertiäre Amine mit einer
einzigen langkettigen Alkylgruppe von 10 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen und mit 2 kurzkettigen Alkylgruppen,
welche in der US-Patentschrift 24 76 271 beschrieben werden und welche man als Antioxydationsmittel
einsetzt.
Ferner sind Schmierölzusatzstoffe mit reinigender Wirkung bekannt, welche sich von einem Monoalkenylbernsteinsäureimid
ableiten, dessen Stickstoffatom mit dem Rest von Tetraäthylenpentamin verknüpft ist Auch
ist empfohlen worden, derartige Kondensationsprodukte noch mit einer Vorverbindung, wie Bortrifluorid oder
Borsäure, umzusetzen. Infolge des Einbaues des Boratoms soll die Schlammbildung herabgesetzt werden.
Außerdem sind für die Verwendung als Textilhilfsmittel
geeignete, wasserlösliche oder in Wasser leicht verteilbare bzw. dispergierbare stickstoffhaltige Kondensationsprodukte
beschrieben worden, die bei der Umsetzung von höhermolekularen, halogenhaltigen,
aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen oder naphthenischen Verbindungen mit solchen Mengen an Polyalkylenpolyaminen
entstehen, daß auf jedes bei der Kondensation abzuspaltende Halogenatom mindestens 2 Moleküle
Polyalkylenpolyamin kommen.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich nun auf die Herstellung neuer Verbindungen, welche einem Schmieröl reinigende
Eigenschaften verleihen und außerdem in unter niedriger Belastung laufenden Motoren die Schlammbildung
in sehr wirksamer Weise verhindern und ein besseres Verhalten als im Handel erhältliche vergleichbare
Zusatzstoffe zeigen.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von alkyl- oder alkenylsubstituierten aliphatischen
mehrwertigen Aminen durch Umsetzung von Alkyl- oder Alkenylhalogeniden mit mehrwertigen aliphatischen
Aminen, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Alkyl- oder Alkenylhalogenide mit mindestens 50 Kohlenstoffatomen
eingesetzt werden, deren Alkyl- oder Alkenylgruppe sich von Olefinpolymerisaten oder -mischpolymerisaten
ableitet
Die neuen Zusatzstoffe gemäß der Erfindung verdanken ihre reinigenden Eigenschaften zum Teil der
polaren Gruppe und zum Teil der langkettigen Alkyl- oder Alkenylgruppe, welche eine räumliche Abstoßung
anderer Schmutzteilchen bewirkt, nachdem ein Molekül des Zusatzstoffes mit der polaren Gruppe von einem
Schmutzteilchen oder dergleichen adsorbiert worden ist.
Die Alkyl- oder Alkenylgruppe leitet sich von geradkettigen oder verzweigtkettigen Olefinpolymerisaten
oder -mischpolymerisaten ab.
Vorzugsweise liegt ein mehrwertiges aliphatisches Amin zugrunde, welches wenigstens 3 Stickstoffatome
enthält, insbesondere ein entsprechendes Polyamin aus der Reihe der Polyäthylenpolyamine.
Beispiele für im Rahmen der Erfindung hergestellte Alkenylpolyäthylenpolyamine sind Polyisobutenyldiäthylentriamin,
Polyisobutenyltriäthylentetramin und Polyisbbutenyltetraäthylenpentamin, wobei die Polyisobutenylgruppen
80 bis 120 Kohlenstoff atome enthalten.
Bei der Bildung der neuen substituierten mehrwertigen Amine wird gleichzeitig der entsprechende
Halogenwasserstoff freigesetzt, der z. B. in Form eines Salzes mit dem überschüssigen, als Ausgangsmaterial
eingesetzten mehrwertigem Amin entfernt wird. Während dieser Umsetzung zwischen einem Alkyl- oder
Alkenylhalogenid und diesen stark basischen Aminen kann als Nebenreaktion eine Dehalogenierung des
Alkyl- oder Alkenylhalogenids eintreten, so daß als Nebenprodukte Kohlenwasserstoffe gebildet werden.
Die Entfernung dieser Kohlenwasserstoffe aus dem Endprodukt ist aber nicht unbedingt erforderlich.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform für die Herstellung der neuen Amine geht man von einem
Alken mit einer endständigen Doppelbindung aus, dessen Kohlenstoffatom im beta-Stellung eine Methylgruppe
trägt Bei der Chlorierung mit der theoretisch benötigten Menge an Chlor bildet sich ein alpha-Polyisobutylallylchlorid
und beta-Polyisobutylmethallylchlorid,
während gleichzeitig HCl abgespalten wird. Außerdem entsteht infolge von Nebenreaktionen eine
gewisse Menge der entsprechenden Dichlorverbindung. Mit dem so erhaltenen Chlorierungsprodukt wird dann
das Polyamin zu dem entsprechenden Alkenylpolyamin umgesetzt Als Ausgangsmaterial dient beispielsweise
Polyisobutylen, welches in einem inerten Lösungsmittel bei Zimmertemperatur mit der theoretischen Menge an
Chlor behandelt wird, worauf das entstehende Polyisobutenylchlorid
mit Tetraäthylenpentamin zu Polyisobutenyltetraäthylenpentamin bzw. zu Dipolyisobutenyltetraäthylenpentamin
umgesetzt wird.
Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Amine stellen ausgezeichnete Dispergiermittel dar und sie verleihen
den Schmierölen, denen sie einverleibt werden, sehr befriedigende Eigenschaften. Als Schmierölbasis können
Mineralschmieröle der verschiedensten Viskositätsgrade sowie synthetische Schmieröle oder ein mit einem
fetten öl verschnittenes Schmieröl eingesetzt werden. Der Zusatzstoff kann dem Schmieröl als solcher oder in
Form eines Konzentrates beigemischt werden, welches man beispielsweise erhält, indem man den Zusatzstoff
mit einer kleinen Menge öl vermischt. Die Konzentration des Zusatzstoffes in dem Öl kann innerhalb eines
weiten Bereiches variieren. Im allgemeinen wird die gewünschte reinigende Wirkung bereits erzielt, wenn
man dem Schmieröl den Zusatzstoff in Mengen zwischen 0,1 und 10 Gew.-% zumischt, doch kann es in
besonderen Fällen auch erforderlich sein, größere Mengen als die vorstehend erwähnten Konzentrationen
anzuwenden, beispielsweise, wenn das Schmieröl in Dieselmotoren eingesetzt werden soll, welche zu einer
starken Verschmutzung neigen.
Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Amine können auch in Kombination mit anderen bekannten Zusatzstoffen
angewendet werden, z. B. mit Antioxydationsmitteln, Reinigungsmitteln, Verbesserungsmitteln für
den Viskositätsindex, Antikorrosionsmitteln, Antischaummitteln, Mitteln zur Verbesserung der Schmierwirkung
und mit Substanzen, wie sie üblicherweise Schmierölen zugesetzt werden.
Die Erfindung wird durch das nachstehende Beispiel näher erläutert
Ausführungsbeispiel
Herstellung von Polyisobutenyltetraäthylenpentamin
Herstellung von Polyisobutenyltetraäthylenpentamin
a) Ein Polyisobutylen mit einem Molgewicht von 1250 wurde in einer Konzentration von 40 Gew.-% iri
Tetrachlorkohlenstoff aufgelöst Nach dem Zusatz eines Jodkristalls wurde Chlor bei Zimmertemperatur so
lange in die Lösung eingeleitet, bis die Farbe derselben verblaßte. Anschließend wurde das Lösungsmittel im
Vakuum verdampft, wobei gleichzeitig das gebildete gasförmige HCl entfernt wurde. Der verbleibende
Rückstand enthielt noch 4,2 Gew.-% Chlor.
b) Das so erhaltene Polyisobutenylchlorid wurde 6 Stunden lang unter Rühren mit der vierfachen Menge
Tetraäthylenpentamin auf 180° C erhitzt. Nach dem Abkühlen wurde das Reaktionsprodukt in Pentan
aufgenommen und bis zur Chlorfreiheit mit Wasser gewaschen. Anschließend wurde das Lösungsmittel
abgedampft Der verbleibende Rückstand enthielt 2,5 Gew.-% Stickstoff und 0,23 Gew.-% Chlor.
Dieser Zusatzstoff wurde in einem Einzylinder Gardner-Dieselmotor und in einem Einzylinder Petter-Benzinmotor
geprüft. Der Zusatzstoff lag in der fertigen Schmieröllösung in einer Konzentration von
1,5 Gew.-°/o vor. Als Schmierölbasis wurde ein lösungsmittelraffiniertes,
paraffinisches Schmieröldestillat verwendet Die Viskosität des Basisöls betrug bei dem
Petter-Test 7,2 oSt (98,9°) und bei dem Gardner-Test IUcSt (98,9°).
Gardner-Dieselmotor
Wassergekühlter Einzylinder-Viertaktmotor; Zylinderbohrung:
108 mm; Hubhöhe: 152,4 mm; Hubvolumen: 1,41; Leistung: 11 PS bei 1200 Umdrehungen pro
Minute; Testdauer: 17 Stunden; Treibstoff: ein Gasöl
mit einem Schwefelgehalt von 0,9 Gew.-%; Temperatur des Kühlwassers: 80° C.
Bei diesem Motorversuch wurde die Kolbenverschmutzung bewertet
Petter-Benzinmotor
Wassergekühlter Einzylinder-Viertaktmotor; Zylinderbohrung:
85 mm; Hubhöhe: 82,5 mm; Hubvolumen: 468 ml; Kompressionsverhältnis: 10,0:1; Leistung:
3,5 PS bei 1500 Umdrehungen pro Minute; Testdauer: 48 Stunden; als Treibstoff wurde ein Motorbenzin mit
einem Zusatz von 0,32 ml TEL pro Liter (61,48 Gew.-% Bleitetraäthyl, 18,81 Gew.-% Dichloräthan,
17,86 Gew.-°/o Dibrotnäthan, restliche Bestandteile:
Farbstoff und Kerosin) sowie einem Schwefelgehalt von 0,05 Gew.-% verwendet. Die Temperatur des Kühlwassers
für den Zylinder betrug 80° C, desjenigen für die Kühlung des Steuerungsdeckels 24° C. Bei diesem Test
ίο wurden die Kolbenverschmutzung und die Schlammbildung
bewertet
Die Ergebnisse der beiden Motorenprüfungen sind in der nachstehenden Tabelle zusammengefaßt, in die zum
Vergleich auch Versuche mit dem Basisschmieröl ohne Zusatzstoff aufgenommen worden sind.
Gardner-Dieselmotor, Kolbenreinheit
(10 = rein)
Petter-Benzinmotor
Schlammbildung
(10 = rein) (10 = rein)
Kolbenreinheit.
Basisöl 9,3
+1,5 Gew.-%
Additiv
Additiv
Basisöl -· 4,4
8,8
5,9
7,5
5,1
Um die überlegene Wirkung der erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Amine gegenüber im Handel erhältlichen
Produkten vergleichbarer Art zu belegen, wird der nachstehende Vergleichsversuch durchgeführt
Vergleichsversuch
Ein Polyisobutylen mit einem Molgewicht von 1240 wurde gemäß der Erfindung in einer Konzentration von
30 Gewichtsprozent in Iso-oktan bei 20° C während 20 Minuten mit Chlor behandelt Das Lösungsmittel
wurde anschließend verdampft, und das Polyisobutylenchlorid (2,93 Gewichtsprozent Cl) wurde in siedendem
Toluol und in Gegenwart von K2CO3 als HCl-Akzeptor mit Tetraäthylenpentamin (Molverhältnis
1:1) zu Polyisobutenyltetraäthylenpentamin (2,84% N, 0,44% Cl, Molgewicht 1570) umgesetzt (Additiv A).
Auf diese Weise wurden etwa 50 kg Additiv A im halbtechnischen Maßstab hergestellt.
Das erfindungsgemäße Additiv A und ein handelsübliches Imid von Polyisobutylenbernsteinsäure und Tetraäthylenpentamin
(Additiv B) wurden in einem Fiat-Benzinmotor in Form einer Lösung von 1,5 Gewichtsprozent
Zusatzstoff in einem Mineralschmieröl mit einem hohen Viskositätsindex (HVI) geprüft.
Der wassergekühlte Vierzylinder-Viertakt-Benzinmotor weist eine Zylinderbohrung von 77 mm, einen
Hub von 79,5 mm, einen Hubraum von 1481 cm3, ein
Kompressionsverhältnis von 8,8 :1 und eine abgegebene Leistung von 34,2 PS bei 3600 Umdrehungen/Min,
auf. Die Testdauer beträgt 35 und 70 Stunden. Als Kraftstoff wird ein handelsübliches Premiumbenzin
verwendet, das Bleitetraäthyl enthält. Das Zylinderkühlwasser hat eine Temperatur von 90° C.
Es wird der Grad der Kolbenverschmutzung bestimmt Die Ergebnisse dieser Motortests sind zusammen
mit den für ein Basisöl ohne Zusatzstoff erhaltenen Ergebnisse in der folgenden Tabelle angegeben:
15 20 | 879 | = sauber) nach 70 Stunden |
|
Produkt | Kolbenreinheit (10 nach 35 Stunden |
5,5 5,0 |
|
Additiv A Additiv B Ohne Additiv |
6,6 6,4 5,4 |
||
Die vorstehenden Ergebnisse belegen die langdauernde günstige Wirkung.der neuen, ,erfindungsgemäß
hergestellten Amine.
Claims (3)
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von alkyl- oder alkenylsubstituierten aliphatischen mehrwertigen >
Aminen durch Umsetzung von Alkyl- oder Alkenylhalogeniden mit mehrwertigen aliphatischen Aminen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Alkyl- oder Alkenylhalogenide mit mindestens 50 Kohlenstoffatomen
eingesetzt werden, deren Alkyl- oder ι ο Alkenylgruppe sich von Olefinpolymerisaten oder
-mischpolymerisaten ableiten.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Alkyl- oder Alkenylhalogenide mit 60
bis 150 und vorzugsweise 80 bis 120 Kohlenstoffatomen
eingesetzt werden.
3. Verwendung der gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2 hergestellten alkyl- oder alkenylsubstituierten aliphatischen
mehrwertigen Amine in einer Menge zwischen 0,1 und 10 Gewichtsprozent als Schmierölzusatzstoff.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL296139 | 1963-08-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1520879A1 DE1520879A1 (de) | 1969-10-02 |
DE1520879B2 true DE1520879B2 (de) | 1978-08-03 |
DE1520879C3 DE1520879C3 (de) | 1979-04-05 |
Family
ID=19754926
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1520879A Expired DE1520879C3 (de) | 1963-08-02 | 1964-07-31 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von alkyl- oder alkenylsubstituierten aliphatischen mehrwertigen Aminen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3275554A (de) |
BE (1) | BE747590Q (de) |
DE (1) | DE1520879C3 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1004411A (de) |
NL (2) | NL137371C (de) |
Families Citing this family (453)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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Family Cites Families (4)
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US2267205A (en) * | 1938-08-04 | 1941-12-23 | Monsanto Chemicals | Detergent |
BE557242A (de) * | 1956-05-04 | |||
US3008993A (en) * | 1957-02-14 | 1961-11-14 | Monsanto Chemicals | Alkenyl polyamines |
NL262417A (de) * | 1960-03-15 |
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DE1520879C3 (de) | 1979-04-05 |
GB1004411A (en) | 1965-09-15 |
DE1520879A1 (de) | 1969-10-02 |
NL296139A (de) | |
NL137371C (de) | |
US3275554A (en) | 1966-09-27 |
BE747590Q (fr) | 1970-08-31 |
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