CN221042324U - USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end - Google Patents
USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end Download PDFInfo
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- CN221042324U CN221042324U CN202322647959.1U CN202322647959U CN221042324U CN 221042324 U CN221042324 U CN 221042324U CN 202322647959 U CN202322647959 U CN 202322647959U CN 221042324 U CN221042324 U CN 221042324U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a USB charging device with an output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit, which comprises: a DC-DC conversion module; the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit comprises a MOS tube Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein a first connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with an input end VIN of USB charging equipment, a second connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, and a control end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B; the input end Vin_ dcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module is connected with the connection node A, and the output end Vout of the direct current-direct current conversion module is connected with the output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment; one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node A, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node B; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the connection node B, and the other end is grounded. Compared with the prior art, the utility model can realize that when the voltage back-filling occurs at the output end of the USB charging equipment, the back-filling voltage is released to the battery end VBAT of the storage battery connected with the input end of the USB charging equipment, thereby playing the role of protecting the USB charging equipment.
Description
[ Field of technology ]
The utility model relates to the technical field of USB (Universal Serial Bus, namely universal serial bus) charging, in particular to USB charging equipment which aims at battery power supply and is provided with an output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit.
[ Background Art ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a USB charging device according to the prior art. The input end of the USB charging device shown in fig. 1 is provided with an input voltage VBAT by a storage battery (or a secondary battery), and the USB charging device is internally provided with a DCDC module (i.e., a direct current-direct current conversion module) 110 to provide an output voltage Vout for the output end of the USB charging device, where the DCDC module 110 includes a DCDC chip and an input end capacitor C1, and the DCDC module 110 is used for converting a direct current power supply of a certain voltage level into a direct current power supply of another voltage level. When the USB charging device has a voltage reverse-filling condition, a voltage higher than the voltage Vout output by the DCDC module 110 is provided to the output terminal of the USB charging device in a reverse direction. Due to the circuit topology of the DCDC module 110 inside the USB charging device, when there is a voltage higher than the voltage value Vout at the output end of the USB charging device, the DCDC module 110 defaults the output end Vout to be an input end, and supplies power to the input end vin_ DCDC of the DCDC module 110, and according to the internal topology of the DCDC chip, the DCDC chip is equivalent to a boost mode, and charges the input end vin_ DCDC of the DCDC module 110 continuously, so that the situation that the voltage of the input end vin_ DCDC of the DCDC module 110 is continuously increased can occur.
When the output end of the USB charging equipment is subjected to voltage reverse irrigation, two risky conditions exist: 1. when the voltage at the input terminal vin_ DCDC of the DCDC module 110 increases beyond the withstand voltage of the input pin of the DCDC chip, the DCDC chip is damaged; 2. when the voltage of the input terminal vin_ DCDC of the DCDC module 110 increases to exceed the withstand voltage of the input terminal filter capacitor of the DCDC module 110, the input terminal capacitor C1 is damaged, and thus, a capacitor short circuit problem occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to make an output-side anti-reverse-charging protection measure for the USB charging device supplied with power from the secondary battery (or secondary battery) 200.
At present, the output end of part of the DCDC chip has an output voltage overvoltage protection mode, but the overvoltage protection voltage value is set to be much higher than the output voltage value of the DCDC module 110, and when the voltage counter-irrigation condition occurs, the counter-irrigation voltage does not exceed the overvoltage protection voltage value, so that the protection effect cannot be achieved; most DCDC chips do not have output terminal voltage overvoltage protection. Therefore, when the voltage reverse-filling occurs at the output terminal of the DCDC module 110, there is a risk that the DCDC chip or the input terminal capacitor C1 is damaged.
Therefore, a new solution is needed to solve the above problems.
[ utility model ]
One of the purposes of the present utility model is to provide a USB charging device with an output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit, which can realize protection when voltage reverse filling occurs at the output end of the USB charging device, and release the reverse-filling voltage back to the battery end VBAT of a storage battery connected to the input end of the USB charging device. Therefore, the utility model not only does not influence the normal operation of the storage battery and the USB charging equipment, but also plays a role in protecting the USB charging equipment.
According to an aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit, comprising: the direct current-direct current conversion module is used for converting the first direct current power supply into a second direct current power supply; the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit comprises a MOS tube Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein a first connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with an input end VIN of USB charging equipment, a second connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, and a control end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B; the input end vin_ dcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module is connected with the connection node A, and the output end Vout of the direct current-direct current conversion module is connected with the output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment; one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node A, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node B; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the connecting node B, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded.
Further, the USB charging device with the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit further includes an input end capacitor C1, where one end of the input end capacitor C1 is connected to the input end vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module, and the other end of the input end capacitor C1 is grounded.
Further, when the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conductive state; when the voltage reverse-filling condition occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conducting state.
Further, the resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are selected so as to satisfy: when the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node A and the connection node B is larger than the starting voltage value of the MOS tube Q1, so that the MOS tube Q1 is in a conducting state; when the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node a and the connection node B is greater than the turn-on voltage value of the MOS transistor Q1, so that the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conductive state.
Further, the MOS tube Q1 is a PMOS tube, and the first connection end, the second connection end and the control end of the MOS tube Q1 are respectively a drain electrode, a source electrode and a grid electrode of the PMOS tube.
Further, the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit further comprises a voltage stabilizing tube D1, wherein the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node B, and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node A; the working voltage value of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is larger than the starting voltage value of the MOS tube Q1 and smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1; the starting voltage value of the MOS transistor Q1 is smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1.
Further, the input terminal VIN of the USB charging device is connected to the battery terminal VBAT of the storage battery.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model is provided with the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit between the input end of the direct current-direct current conversion module and the input end of the USB charging equipment, and the anti-reverse-filling protection circuit utilizes the MOS tube and the voltage dividing resistor to realize protection when the output end of the USB charging equipment is subjected to voltage reverse filling, and releases the reverse-filling voltage back to the battery end VBAT of the storage battery connected with the input end of the USB charging equipment. Therefore, the utility model not only does not influence the normal operation of the storage battery and the USB charging equipment, but also does not damage the DCDC chip or the input end capacitor C1, thereby playing a role in protecting the USB charging equipment.
[ Description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a prior art USB charging device;
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a USB charging device with an output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[ Detailed description ] of the invention
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the utility model. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the terms coupled, connected, or connected, as used herein, mean either direct or indirect connection, such as a and B, and include both direct electrical connection of a and B, and connection of a to B through electrical components or circuitry.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a USB charging device with an output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model. The USB charging device shown in fig. 2 includes a dc-dc conversion module (or DCDC module) 210, an input capacitor C1, and an output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220.
The dc-dc conversion module 210 is configured to convert a first dc power source into a second dc power source.
The output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 comprises a MOS tube Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein a first connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with an input end VIN of the USB charging equipment, a second connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, and a control end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B; the input terminal vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is connected to the connection node a, and the output terminal Vout thereof is connected to the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device; one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node A, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node B; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the connection node B, and the other end is grounded. The input terminal VIN of the USB charging device is connected to the battery terminal VBAT of the secondary battery (or secondary battery).
One end of the input capacitor C1 is connected to the input vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210, and the other end thereof is grounded.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the MOS transistor Q1 is a PMOS transistor, and the first connection end, the second connection end, and the control end of the MOS transistor Q1 are respectively a drain (D-pole), a source (S-pole), and a gate (G-pole) of the PMOS transistor.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the output-end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 further includes a voltage stabilizing tube D1, where an anode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected to the connection node B and a cathode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected to the connection node a, and the voltage stabilizing tube D1 plays a role in protecting the MOS tube Q1, so as to prevent the voltage between the gate and the source of the MOS tube Q1 from exceeding the rated voltage value (or exceeding the voltage withstanding value between the gate and the source of the MOS tube). It can also be said that the operating voltage value of the voltage regulator D1 is greater than the turn-on voltage value of the MOS transistor Q1 and less than the maximum rated voltage value between the gate and the source of the MOS transistor Q1, where the turn-on voltage value of the MOS transistor Q1 is less than the maximum rated voltage value between the gate and the source of the MOS transistor Q1.
In the output-end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 shown in fig. 2, when the USB charging device is operating normally (or when the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device), the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conductive state; when the voltage reverse-filling condition occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conductive state. In this way, when the voltage reverse-filling occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the channel of the MOS transistor Q1 is opened, and the reverse-filling voltage is released back to the battery end VBAT of the storage battery connected to the input end VIN of the USB charging device through the dc-dc conversion module 210 and the channel of the MOS transistor Q1. Therefore, the normal operation of the storage battery and the USB charging equipment is not affected, and the condition that the DCDC chip or the input end capacitor C1 is damaged is avoided, so that the function of protecting the USB charging equipment is achieved.
Wherein, the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 play a role of resistor voltage division. The resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are selected so as to satisfy: when the USB charging device works normally (or when the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device), the voltage value between the connection node a and the connection node B (i.e., the divided voltage value of the resistor R1 or the gate-source voltage Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1) is greater than the opening voltage value vgs_th of the MOS transistor Q1, so that the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conducting state; when the voltage reverse-filling condition occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node a and the connection node B (i.e., the divided voltage value of the resistor R1 or the gate-source voltage Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1) is greater than the opening voltage value vgs_th of the MOS transistor Q1, so that the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conductive state.
The following specifically describes the operation principle of the USB charging device with the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit shown in fig. 2.
When the USB charging device works normally (or when the output end Vusb of the USB charging device does not generate the voltage reverse-filling condition), the input voltage VBAT of the USB charging device passes through the body diode of the MOS transistor Q1 first, at this time, the voltage of the S pole (or the connection node a) of the MOS transistor Q1 is at a high level, and due to the voltage division effect of the resistors R1 and R2, the voltage value between the connection node a and the connection node B (i.e., the voltage division value of the resistor R1 or the gate-source voltage Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1) is greater than the opening voltage value vgs_th of the MOS transistor Q1, so as to reach the condition of the opening voltage of the MOS transistor Q1. At this time, the input voltage VBAT flows from the drain (D) to the source (S) of the MOS transistor Q1 through the channel. That is, when the USB charging device is operating normally, the input voltage VBAT is reduced by a PMOS transistor to provide the power supply voltage (i.e. vin_ dcdc) for the dc-dc conversion module 210, so that the charging function of the USB charging device is not affected.
When the voltage reverse-filling condition occurs at the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, a voltage higher than the output voltage value of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is reversely filled into the output terminal Vout, and the dc-dc conversion module 210 corresponds to the boost mode, so that the voltage at the input terminal vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is higher than the power supply voltage of the chip during normal operation, and therefore, the voltage at the input terminal vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is higher than the voltage VBAT of the input terminal Vin of the USB charging device. In this case, since the body diode of the PMOS transistor Q1 is turned on in the right-left direction, the reverse-filling voltage is turned off by the body diode of the PMOS transistor Q1 due to the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the diode, and the voltage value between the connection node a and the connection node B (i.e., the divided voltage value of the resistor R1 or the gate-source voltage Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1) is greater than the turn-on voltage value vgs_th of the MOS transistor Q1 due to the voltage division effect of the resistors R1 and R2, so that the channel of the MOS transistor Q1 is turned on. That is, when the voltage reverse-charging condition occurs at the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, even if the voltage at the input terminal vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 increases, the voltage Vgs at the two ends of the gate (G) -source (S) of the MOS transistor Q1 is still greater than the turn-on voltage vgs_th of the MOS transistor Q1, so that the channel of the PMOS transistor Q1 is always in the on state, and the voltage at the input terminal vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is greater than the voltage VBAT of the input terminal Vin of the USB charging device (i.e., the voltage at the source (S) of the PMOSQ1 is greater than the voltage at the drain (D)), the reverse-charging voltage can pass through the channel of the PMOS transistor and flow back to the power supply terminal VBAT of the storage battery due to the voltage difference. Therefore, when the voltage reverse-filling occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the protection function can be achieved, and the situation that the voltage at the input end vin_ DCDC of the dc-dc conversion module 210 exceeds the voltage withstand of the input pin of the DCDC chip or the voltage withstand of the capacitor of the DCDC input end (i.e., the input end capacitor C1) can not occur, thereby playing the role of protecting the USB charging device.
In summary, the USB charging device provided by the present utility model includes a dc-dc conversion module 210 and an output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220. The dc-dc conversion module 210 is configured to convert a dc power source with a certain voltage level into a dc power source with another voltage level, so as to provide a dc power source. The output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 comprises a MOS tube Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein a first connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with an input end VIN of the USB charging equipment, a second connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, and a control end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B; the input terminal vin_ dcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is connected to the connection node a, and the output terminal Vout thereof is connected to the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device; one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node A, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node B; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the connection node B, and the other end is grounded. It should be noted that, the power supply mode of the USB charging device provided by the present utility model is to supply power to the storage battery, that is, the input end VIN of the USB charging device is connected to the battery end VBAT of the storage battery (or secondary battery). The MOS transistor Q1 is a P-type MOS transistor, plays a role of a switch, and when the voltage at two ends of the grid electrode (G) -source electrode (S) reaches an opening voltage condition (namely Vgs is larger than the opening voltage Vgs_th of the MOS transistor), a channel of the MOS transistor Q1 is opened; r1 and R2 are voltage dividing resistors, and voltage Vgs at two ends of a grid electrode (G) -a source electrode (S) of the MOS tube Q1 can reach a conducting condition through voltage division, and normal operation of the USB charging equipment is not affected. When the voltage back-filling occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the back-filling voltage is released back to the battery end VBAT of the storage battery connected with the input end VIN of the USB charging device by utilizing the channel formed by the MOS tube Q1, so that the protection effect is realized. Therefore, the utility model not only does not influence the normal operation of the storage battery and the USB charging equipment, but also does not damage the DCDC chip or the input end capacitor C1, thereby playing a role in protecting the USB charging equipment.
It should be noted that any modifications to the specific embodiments of the utility model may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, the scope of the claims of the present utility model is not limited to the foregoing detailed description.
Claims (7)
1. USB charging equipment provided with anti-reverse irrigation protection circuit of output end, its characterized in that includes:
the direct current-direct current conversion module is used for converting the first direct current power supply into a second direct current power supply;
The output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit comprises a MOS tube Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein a first connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with an input end VIN of USB charging equipment, a second connecting end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, and a control end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B; the input end vin_ dcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module is connected with the connection node A, and the output end Vout of the direct current-direct current conversion module is connected with the output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment; one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node A, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the connection node B; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the connecting node B, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded.
2. The USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising an input-side capacitor C1,
One end of the input end capacitor C1 is connected with the input end Vin_ dcdc of the DC-DC conversion module, and the other end of the input end capacitor C is grounded.
3. The USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein,
When the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment, the MOS tube Q1 is in a conducting state;
When the voltage reverse-filling condition occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conducting state.
4. The USB charging device provided with the output-terminal anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein,
The resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are selected to satisfy the following conditions:
When the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node A and the connection node B is larger than the starting voltage value of the MOS tube Q1, so that the MOS tube Q1 is in a conducting state;
When the voltage reverse-filling condition does not occur at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node a and the connection node B is greater than the turn-on voltage value of the MOS transistor Q1, so that the MOS transistor Q1 is in a conductive state.
5. The USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein,
The MOS tube Q1 is a PMOS tube, and the first connecting end, the second connecting end and the control end of the MOS tube Q1 are respectively a drain electrode, a source electrode and a grid electrode of the PMOS tube.
6. The USB charging device provided with the output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit further comprises a regulator tube D1,
The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node B, and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node A;
The working voltage value of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is larger than the starting voltage value of the MOS tube Q1 and smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1;
The starting voltage value of the MOS transistor Q1 is smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1.
7. The USB charging device provided with the output-terminal anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
The input terminal VIN of the USB charging device is connected to the battery terminal VBAT of the storage battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322647959.1U CN221042324U (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322647959.1U CN221042324U (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN221042324U true CN221042324U (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202322647959.1U Active CN221042324U (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end |
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| CN (1) | CN221042324U (en) |
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- 2023-09-27 CN CN202322647959.1U patent/CN221042324U/en active Active
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