CN220421433U - USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end - Google Patents
USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end Download PDFInfo
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- CN220421433U CN220421433U CN202322022805.3U CN202322022805U CN220421433U CN 220421433 U CN220421433 U CN 220421433U CN 202322022805 U CN202322022805 U CN 202322022805U CN 220421433 U CN220421433 U CN 220421433U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a USB charging device with an output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit, which comprises: a DC-DC conversion module; the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a resistor R2 and a voltage comparator U1, wherein a first connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, a second connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B, and a control end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node C; the connecting node A is connected with the output end of the direct current-direct current conversion module, and the connecting node B is connected with the output end of the USB charging equipment; the first input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node D, the second input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node E, and the output end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node C through a resistor R2. Compared with the prior art, the utility model can realize protection when the voltage reverse-filling occurs at the output end of the USB charging equipment, thereby playing a role in protecting the USB charging equipment.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The utility model relates to the technical field of USB (Universal Serial Bus, namely universal serial bus) charging, in particular to USB charging equipment with an output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit.
[ background Art ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a USB charging device according to the prior art. The USB charging device shown in fig. 1 has a DCDC module (i.e., a dc-dc conversion module) 110 for providing an output power for the USB charging device, where the DCDC module 110 includes a DCDC chip and an input capacitor C1, and the DCDC module 110 is configured to convert a dc power source of a certain voltage level into a dc power source of another voltage level. When the voltage reverse filling condition occurs in the USB charging device, a voltage higher than the voltage value Vout is reversely provided for the output end of the USB charging device. Due to the circuit topology of the DCDC module 110 inside the USB charging device, when a voltage higher than the Vout voltage exists at the output end of the USB charging device, the output end of the DCDC module 110 supplies power to the input end of the DCDC module 110, and according to the internal topology of the DCDC chip, the DCDC chip is equivalent to a boost mode, and charges the input end of the DCDC module 110 continuously, so that the situation that the voltage of the input end of the DCDC module 110 is continuously increased can occur. When this occurs, two risky situations occur: 1. when the voltage of the input end of the DCDC module 110 rises to exceed the withstand voltage of the input pin of the DCDC chip, the DCDC chip is damaged; 2. when the input voltage of the DCDC module 110 increases to exceed the withstand voltage of the input filter capacitor of the DCDC module 110, the input capacitor C1 is damaged, and thus, a capacitor short circuit problem occurs. Therefore, an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection measure needs to be made for the USB charging device.
At present, the output end of part of the DCDC chip has an output voltage overvoltage protection mode, but the overvoltage protection voltage value is set to be much higher than the output voltage value of the DCDC module 110, and when the voltage counter-irrigation condition occurs, the counter-irrigation voltage does not exceed the overvoltage protection voltage value, so that the protection effect cannot be achieved; most DCDC chips do not have output terminal voltage overvoltage protection. Therefore, when the voltage reverse-filling occurs at the output terminal of the DCDC module 110, there is a risk that the DCDC chip or the input terminal capacitor C1 is damaged.
Therefore, a new solution is needed to solve the above problems.
[ utility model ]
One of the purposes of the present utility model is to provide a USB charging device with an output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit, which can realize protection when voltage reverse-filling occurs at the output end of the USB charging device, so as to protect the USB charging device.
According to one aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a USB charging device including: a DC-DC conversion module for providing DC power; the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a resistor R2 and a voltage comparator U1, wherein a first connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, a second connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B, and a control end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node C; the connection node A is connected with the output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module, and the connection node B is connected with the output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment; the first input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node D, the second input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node E, and the output end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node C through the resistor R2; the connection node D is connected with an output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module; the connection node E is connected with an output end Vusb of the USB charging device.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model is provided with the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit between the output end of the direct current-direct current conversion module and the output end of the USB charging equipment, and the protection is realized when the voltage reverse filling occurs at the output end of the USB charging equipment by using the MOS tube and the voltage comparator, thereby playing the role of protecting the USB charging equipment.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a prior art USB charging device;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a USB charging device with an output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[ detailed description ] of the utility model
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the utility model. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the terms coupled, connected, or connected, as used herein, mean either direct or indirect connection, such as a and B, and include both direct electrical connection of a and B, and connection of a to B through electrical components or circuitry.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a USB charging device with an output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model. The USB charging device shown in fig. 2 includes a dc-dc conversion module (or DCDC module) 210 and an output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220.
The dc-dc conversion module 210 is configured to convert a dc power source with a certain voltage level into a dc power source with another voltage level, so as to provide a dc power source.
The output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 comprises a switching tube Q1, a resistor R2 and a voltage comparator U1, wherein a first connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, a second connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B, and a control end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node C; the connection node A is connected with an output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module 210, and the connection node B is connected with an output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment; the first input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node D, the second input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node E, and the output end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node C through a resistor R2; the connection node D is connected to the output terminal vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210; the connection node E is connected to the output Vusb of the USB charging device.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the switching transistor Q1 is an NMOS transistor, and the first connection terminal, the second connection terminal, and the control terminal of the switching transistor Q1 are respectively the drain (D-pole), the source (S-pole), and the gate (G-pole) of the NMOS transistor; the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the voltage comparator U1 are respectively an inverting input terminal and a non-inverting input terminal thereof.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 further includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6, where the resistor R4 is connected between the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 and the connection node D; the resistor R3 is connected between the connection node D and the ground terminal; the resistor R5 is connected between the output end Vusb of the USB charging device and the connection node E; resistor R6 is connected between connection node E and ground.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 further includes a regulator D1,
the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node C, and the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node B, wherein the voltage stabilizing tube D1 plays a role in protecting the MOS tube Q1, and the voltage between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is prevented from exceeding the rated voltage value (or exceeding the voltage withstand value of the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube). The operating voltage value of the voltage regulator D1 is larger than the on voltage value of the switching tube Q1 and smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the gate and the source of the switching tube Q1, wherein the on voltage value of the switching tube Q1 is smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the gate and the source of the switching tube Q1.
In the output anti-reverse-filling protection circuit 220 shown in fig. 2, when the voltage value of the output terminal vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 (i.e., DCDC output voltage) is greater than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device (i.e., USB output voltage), the output terminal of the voltage comparator U1 outputs a first logic level, and the switching tube Q1 is in a conducting state; when the voltage value of the output end Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module is smaller than the voltage value of the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 outputs the second logic level, and the switching tube Q1 is in the off state. Therefore, the protection can be realized when the voltage reverse-filling occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment, and the function of protecting the USB charging equipment is achieved.
The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 play a role of resistor voltage division. The resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are selected so as to satisfy: when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is greater than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node B and the connection node C (i.e., the voltage division voltage value of the resistor R1) is greater than the turn-on voltage value of the switching tube Q1, so that the switching tube Q1 is in a conductive state; when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is smaller than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node B and the connection node C (i.e., the divided voltage value of the resistor R1) is smaller than the on voltage value of the switching tube Q1, so that the switching tube Q1 is in the off state.
The resistor R3, the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 play a role of protecting the voltage comparator U1, and prevent the voltage value of the output terminal vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 and the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device from exceeding the maximum withstand voltage value of the pin of the voltage comparator U1. The resistance values of the resistor R3, the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are selected so as to satisfy: when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is greater than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value of the connection node D (i.e., the divided voltage value of the resistor R3) is greater than the voltage value of the connection node E (i.e., the divided voltage value of the resistor R6), so that the output terminal of the voltage comparator U1 outputs the first logic level; when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is smaller than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value of the connection node D (i.e. the divided voltage value of the resistor R3) is smaller than the voltage value of the connection node E (i.e. the divided voltage value of the resistor R6), so that the output terminal of the voltage comparator U1 outputs the second logic level.
The following specifically describes the operation principle of the USB charging device with the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit shown in fig. 2.
When no voltage reverse charging condition occurs at the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the output voltage (i.e., DCDC output voltage) of the output end Vdcdc of the USB charging device 210 is required to be greater than the voltage dividing voltage (i.e., the voltage value of the connection node D) of the resistor R6 when the voltage value of the output end vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is greater than the voltage value of the output end Vusb of the USB charging device according to the type selection requirements of the resistors R3, R4, R5 and R6, that is, the voltage value of the connection node D is greater than the voltage dividing voltage value of the resistor R6 when the voltage value of the output end vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is greater than the voltage value of the output end Vusb of the USB charging device (i.e., the voltage value of the connection node E), so that the voltage comparator U1 outputs a low level (which can be called a first logic level), and the voltage value of the connection node D is greater than the voltage value of the connection node E is required to be greater than the voltage value of the connection node E, so that the voltage dividing voltage value of the resistor R3 (i.e., the voltage value of the connection node D) is greater than the voltage value of the connection node D is required to be greater than the voltage dividing voltage value of the resistor R6 when the voltage value of the output end vdc of the resistor 210 (i.e) is greater than the voltage value of the output end vdc of the USB charging device (i.e) and the voltage value of the dc charging device is required to be greater than the voltage value of the output end v.e. That is, when the voltage value of the output terminal vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is greater than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage comparator U1 outputs a low level, the MOS transistor Q1 is turned on, and the USB charging device can work normally.
When the voltage reverse-filling condition occurs at the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device is larger than the voltage value of the output terminal vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 due to the voltage reverse-filling, and according to the type selection requirements of the resistors R3, R4, R5, R6, when the voltage value of the output terminal vdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is smaller than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the divided voltage value of the resistor R3 (i.e. the voltage value of the connection node D) needs to be smaller than the divided voltage value of the resistor R6 (i.e. the voltage value of the connection node E), i.e. the voltage value of the connection node D is smaller than the voltage value of the connection node E, so that the voltage comparator U1 outputs a high level (which may be referred to as a second logic level) according to the type selection requirements of the resistors R1, R2, when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is smaller than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage division value of the resistor R1 (i.e., the voltage value between the connection node B and the connection node C) is required to be smaller than the opening voltage value of the MOS transistor Q1, and the voltage value of the connection node C is approximately equal to the voltage value of the connection node B at this time, so that the voltage value between the connection node B and the connection node C is smaller than the opening voltage of the MOS transistor Q1, the MOS transistor Q1 is turned off, the counter-current voltage of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device is not transmitted to the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 through the MOS transistor Q1, so that the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 supplies power to the input terminal of the dc-dc conversion module 210, and the situation that the voltage of the input terminal of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is continuously increased does not occur, when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210 is smaller than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device (i.e. when the voltage reverse-filling condition of the output terminal occurs), the voltage comparator U1 outputs a high level, the MOS transistor Q1 is turned off, and the reverse-filling voltage is not transmitted to the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module 210.
In summary, the output anti-reverse-filling protection is realized by using the MOS transistor Q1 and the voltage comparator U1, so that the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. the protection can be realized when the voltage reverse irrigation occurs at the USB output end, so that the function of protecting USB charging equipment is achieved;
2. the MOS transistor voltage regulator is suitable for the condition of larger output current, and has little influence on the output voltage value of the USB charging equipment due to the reduction of the MOS transistor voltage.
It should be noted that any modifications to the specific embodiments of the utility model may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, the scope of the claims of the present utility model is not limited to the foregoing detailed description.
Claims (7)
1. USB charging equipment provided with anti-reverse irrigation protection circuit of output end, its characterized in that includes:
a DC-DC conversion module for providing DC power;
the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a resistor R2 and a voltage comparator U1, wherein a first connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node A, a second connecting end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node B, and a control end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a connecting node C; the connection node A is connected with the output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module, and the connection node B is connected with the output end Vusb of the USB charging equipment; the first input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node D, the second input end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node E, and the output end of the voltage comparator U1 is connected with the connecting node C through the resistor R2; the connection node D is connected with an output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module; the connection node E is connected with an output end Vusb of the USB charging device.
2. The USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein,
when the voltage value of the output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module is greater than the voltage value of the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 outputs a first logic level, and the switching tube Q1 is in a conducting state;
when the voltage value of the output end Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module is smaller than the voltage value of the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 outputs a second logic level, and the switching tube Q1 is in an off state.
3. The USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein,
the resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are selected to satisfy the following conditions:
when the voltage value of the output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module is greater than the voltage value of the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node B and the connection node C is greater than the turn-on voltage value of the switching tube Q1, so that the switching tube Q1 is in a conducting state;
when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module is smaller than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value between the connection node B and the connection node C is smaller than the on voltage value of the switching tube Q1, so that the switching tube Q1 is in an off state.
4. The USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein,
the output end anti-reverse-filling protection circuit also comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6,
the resistor R4 is connected between the output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module and the connection node D; the resistor R3 is connected between the connection node D and the ground terminal; the resistor R5 is connected between the output end Vusb of the USB charging device and the connection node E; the resistor R6 is connected between the connection node E and ground.
5. The USB charging device provided with the output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein,
the resistance values of the resistor R3, the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are selected to satisfy the following conditions:
when the voltage value of the output end Vdcdc of the direct current-direct current conversion module is greater than the voltage value of the output end Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value of the connection node D is greater than the voltage value of the connection node E, so that the output end of the voltage comparator U1 outputs a first logic level;
when the voltage value of the output terminal Vdcdc of the dc-dc conversion module is smaller than the voltage value of the output terminal Vusb of the USB charging device, the voltage value of the connection node D is smaller than the voltage value of the connection node E, so that the output terminal of the voltage comparator U1 outputs the second logic level.
6. The USB charging device provided with an output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein,
the switching tube Q1 is an NMOS transistor, and a first connecting end, a second connecting end and a control end of the switching tube Q1 are respectively a drain electrode, a source electrode and a grid electrode of the NMOS transistor;
the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the voltage comparator U1 are an inverting input terminal and a non-inverting input terminal thereof, respectively.
7. The USB charging device provided with the output-side anti-reverse-filling protection circuit according to claim 6, further comprising a regulator tube D1,
the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node C, and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is connected with the connecting node B;
the working voltage value of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is larger than the starting voltage value of the switching tube Q1 and smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the switching tube Q1;
the starting voltage value of the switching tube Q1 is smaller than the maximum rated voltage value between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the switching tube Q1.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202322022805.3U CN220421433U (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end |
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CN202322022805.3U CN220421433U (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end |
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CN220421433U true CN220421433U (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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CN202322022805.3U Active CN220421433U (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | USB charging equipment with anti-reverse-filling protection circuit at output end |
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