CN213977465U - Green garbage compost integrated device - Google Patents
Green garbage compost integrated device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213977465U CN213977465U CN202022341505.8U CN202022341505U CN213977465U CN 213977465 U CN213977465 U CN 213977465U CN 202022341505 U CN202022341505 U CN 202022341505U CN 213977465 U CN213977465 U CN 213977465U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a green garbage composting integrated device, which comprises a feeding chamber, a crushing chamber and a fermentation chamber which are arranged in the same machine body in a centralized way; the feeding chamber is butted with a feeding door arranged on a top cover of the machine body and used for feeding garbage, the feeding chamber is provided with a heating part and used for heating and inactivating the garbage, and the feeding chamber is provided with a layered overflow structure and a movable extrusion plate for lifting the material level and used for removing oil and reducing water of the garbage; the crushing chamber is communicated with the feeding chamber through a discharging door of the feeding chamber, and a crushing blade is arranged inside the crushing chamber and used for crushing garbage; the fermentation chamber passes through crushing room discharge valve intercommunication with the crushing room, and the fermentation chamber is inside to be equipped with rabbling mechanism to be equipped with the draught fan that lets in the air for rubbish aerobic fermentation, the fermentation chamber is equipped with the heater block, is used for improving fermentation temperature and rubbish mummification, and the discharge door butt joint that fermentation chamber bottom and bottom of the body set up is used for the fertilizer ejection of compact that the compost was accomplished. The utility model can be used for composting and utilizing the green garbage generated by single family.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to ecological building intelligence refuse treatment technique, concretely relates to green rubbish compost integrated device.
Background
According to statistics, 1.13 kg of daily produced garbage is produced by everyone in life, thousands of tons of daily produced garbage can be produced in a small and medium-sized city, most of the household garbage is reusable green garbage, and the kitchen garbage accounts for 56% and is easy to decay and deteriorate, so that the environment is polluted and resources are wasted if the kitchen garbage cannot be properly treated. In addition, with the continuous development of novel buildings, more and more urban houses are purchased and equipped with ecological courtyards, and the litter generated by the courtyards, such as the residues generated by natural withering or artificial trimming of courtyard plants, including leaves, grass clippings, branches, residual flowers, fruits and the like, is increased, and if the litter is not treated, the litter is easy to decay, deteriorate and smell, so that the living environment and the body health of residents are influenced. The household kitchen garbage, the yard litter and other plant garbage contain a certain amount of beneficial nutrient elements, a large amount of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and some organic substances, and compared with sludge and river sediment generated by urban sewage treatment, the household kitchen garbage and the yard litter have the advantages of less raw material pollution and no toxic substances such as heavy metals. Therefore, how to reasonably treat and utilize the domestic wastes as resources is becoming one of the important indexes for improving the residential environment of the city.
At present, the common treatment modes at home and abroad mainly include incineration, landfill and compost, wherein the compost treatment becomes an important way for economically and effectively treating and consuming the domestic garbage by virtue of the advantages of low comprehensive cost, high harmless degree, obvious reduction effect, resource utilization and the like. For urban residents and families, the composting method can not only directly reduce the problem of kitchen garbage and yard litter accumulation, but also utilize the household garbage as resources, decompose perishable organic matters in organic wastes into organic fertilizers rich in organic matters and nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and is used for residents to prepare organic fertilizers required by growth of ecological yard plants.
Most of the existing garbage compost treatment modes are centralized collection and centralized treatment through large-scale composting equipment, special personnel are needed for classification, transportation and centralized treatment, the cost is high, and the application range is small. Therefore, a household green garbage compost machine needs to be designed and manufactured, so that the environment can be protected, and household kitchen garbage and ecological courtyard litter are reduced to be treated as conventional solid wastes. The household kitchen waste device on the market has the advantages of poor waste crushing effect, poor fluidity of fungus materials, low fermentation treatment efficiency, odor generated in the fermentation composting process, long composting time, high power consumption, difficulty in equipment cleaning, low automation degree, complex operation and difficulty in household use, and cannot realize the composting treatment problem of green waste in an ecological courtyard.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a technical problem be: the problem that the existing garbage composting technology cannot adapt to the household use of ecological intelligent buildings is solved, and a green garbage composting integrated device is provided.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
the green garbage compost integrated device comprises a feeding chamber 2, a crushing chamber 3 and a fermentation chamber 4 which are arranged in the same machine body in a centralized manner;
the feeding chamber 2 is in butt joint with a feeding door 14 arranged on a top cover of the machine body and used for feeding garbage, the feeding chamber 2 is provided with a heating part used for heating and inactivating the garbage and extracting oil content, and the feeding chamber 2 is provided with a layered overflow structure and a movable extrusion plate 24 used for lifting material level and used for removing oil and reducing water of the garbage;
the crushing chamber 3 is communicated with the feeding chamber 2 through a feeding chamber discharge door 27, and a crushing blade 32 is arranged inside the crushing chamber 3 and used for crushing garbage;
In the green garbage composting integrated device in the scheme, furthermore, the interior of the feeding chamber 2 is divided into an overflow area, a loading area and a buffer area in the transverse direction, the loading area and the overflow area are separated by the layered overflow structure, and the loading area and the buffer area are separated by the extrusion plate.
In the green garbage compost integrated device in the above scheme, further, the layered overflow structure includes the overflow plate 22 and the oil separation plate 210, an oil overflow channel between the loading area and the overflow area is formed at the top of the overflow plate 22, the oil separation plate 210 is fixed at one side of the overflow plate 22 close to the overflow area and forms a drainage space separated from the oil overflow channel with the overflow plate 22, an overflow water hole 211 is formed in a projection area of the overflow plate 22 below the oil overflow channel corresponding to the drainage space, a sieve plate with 80-100 meshes is arranged at the middle lower part of the overflow plate, and water can be filtered and enters the drainage hole 29. The bottom of the overflow area on both sides of the oil baffle 210 is respectively provided with an oil discharge hole 28 and a water discharge hole 29 for discharging the floating oil and the redundant water.
In the green garbage composting integrated device in the scheme, further, the extrusion plate 24 is slidably assembled on one side, close to the buffer zone, of the charging zone of the feeding chamber 2, and an oil removal push rod 23 for pushing the extrusion plate 24 to translate in the charging zone is arranged on the outer side of the charging zone.
In the green garbage composting integrated device in the above scheme, further, the feeding chamber discharge door 27 is arranged at the bottom of the charging area of the feeding chamber 2, and a discharge push rod 25 for driving the feeding chamber discharge door 27 to open and close is arranged at the bottom of the feeding chamber 2.
Green rubbish compost integrated device in the above-mentioned scheme, it is further, rabbling mechanism in the fermentation chamber 4 is stirring rake 42, stirring rake 42 includes (mixing) shaft 421, fixes a plurality of puddlers 423 on (mixing) shaft 421 and fixes the stirring vane 424 at puddler 423 tip, (mixing) shaft 421 and puddler 423 are equipped with the hollow chamber way of inside intercommunication, the chamber way one end of (mixing) shaft 421 is passed through rotary joint 422 and draught fan 6 intercommunication, be equipped with the gas pocket of saying the intercommunication with the chamber of puddler 423 on stirring vane 424, when stirring rubbish thick liquids, ventilate rubbish thick liquids inside, improve the inside oxygen circulation of rubbish, improve aerobic fermentation efficiency.
Green rubbish compost integrated device in the above-mentioned scheme, it is further, heat preservation 12 has been laid to the organism shell 11 inner wall of organism, keeps warm to the compost process of organism inside, prevents simultaneously that the temperature from transmitting the organism surface, leads to organism surface temperature too high.
The utility model discloses an among the green rubbish compost integrated device, the organism is inside to be equipped with the space that corresponds feed space 2, broken room 3 and fermentation chamber 4 respectively along vertical from the top down, feed space 2 and broken room 3 support at organism upper portion and middle part through mount pad 13, 4 fixed mounting in the bottom half of the body utilize gravity to realize the order pay-off of rubbish between feed space, broken room and fermentation chamber, need not set up solitary feeding mechanism in addition.
Green rubbish compost integrated device in the above-mentioned scheme, it is further, the organism still is equipped with inside foul smell exhaust deodorization exhaust fan 7, deodorization exhaust fan 7 passes through the soil horizon of pipe connection to ecological courtyard, realizes the deodorization through the microorganism in the soil horizon and exhausts.
Green rubbish compost integrated device in the above-mentioned scheme, it is further, the inside top that corresponds feed space 2, crushing room 3 and fermentation chamber 4 of organism is equipped with the spray thrower respectively, washs feed space, crushing room and fermentation chamber through the spray thrower to can also utilize the spray thrower to add water operation.
The green garbage composting integrated device of the utility model overcomes the defects in the prior art, concentrates all process steps in the composting process in the same machine body for realization, can be directly used for composting and utilizing green garbage generated by single family, reduces the cost for collecting and transporting the green garbage, has small land occupation, strong processing function and wide application range, is particularly suitable for treating green garbage or kitchen garbage such as plant litter and the like generated by intelligent buildings with ecological courtyards, realizes resource recycling by combining greening planting of the ecological courtyards, prepares an organic fertilizer rich in organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by recycling the household kitchen garbage and the ecological courtyard litter, has longer fertilizer supply time, can improve soil fertility, improves soil microbial activity and plant growth, the maintenance management of the ecological courtyard is facilitated to be enhanced; can also promote the material and energy circulation of the urban green space ecosystem; the automatic composting process of the utility model has high automation degree, automatic feeding and automatic cleaning functions, convenient use and automatic guiding of the prepared fertilizer into an intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation system equipped in the ecological courtyard; the odor emission in the composting process is solved by combining with the planting soil of the ecological courtyard; the green energy power generation system of the ecological courtyard is adopted to supply energy to the whole composting system, and the energy consumption can be further reduced.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an integrated green waste composting apparatus according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding chamber in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a crushing chamber in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a fermentation chamber in the example.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the stirring paddle structure in the fermentation chamber in the example.
FIG. 6 is a process route diagram of the green waste composting integrated apparatus of the embodiment.
Reference numbers in the figures:
11-a machine body shell, 12-a heat insulation layer, 13-a mounting seat, 14-a feeding door and 15-a discharging door;
2-a feeding chamber, 21-a feeding chamber shell, 22-an overflow plate, 23-an oil removal push rod, 24-an extrusion plate, 25-a discharge push rod, 26-an electric heating plate, 27-a feeding chamber discharge door, 28-an oil discharge hole, 29-a drain hole, 210-an oil separation plate and 211-an overflow water hole;
3-crushing chamber, 31-crushing chamber shell, 32-crushing blade, 33-crushing motor, 34-crushing chamber discharge valve, 35-supporting leg;
4-fermentation chamber, 41-fermentation chamber shell, 42-stirring paddle, 421-stirring shaft, 422-rotary joint, 423-stirring rod, 424-stirring blade, 43-base and 44-fermentation chamber discharge door;
51-a first sprayer, 52-a second sprayer, 53-a third sprayer,
6-a draught fan, wherein the draught fan is connected with a fan,
7-deodorizing exhaust fan.
Detailed Description
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the green garbage compost integrated device in the figure is a specific embodiment of the present invention, specifically including a machine body and a feeding chamber 2, a crushing chamber 3, a fermentation chamber 4, a first sprayer 51, a second sprayer 52, a third sprayer 53, an induced draft fan 6 and a deodorizing exhaust fan 7 arranged inside the machine body, wherein the machine body is a vertical cabinet structure, including a machine body shell 11 and a heat preservation layer 12 laid on the inner wall of the machine body shell, a feeding door 14 is arranged on the top of the machine body shell 11, and a discharging door 15 is arranged on the bottom.
The whole machine body is of a vertical structure, three spaces corresponding to the feeding chamber 2, the crushing chamber 3 and the fermenting chamber 4 are respectively arranged in the machine body along the vertical direction, the feeding chamber 2 is positioned at the upper part, the crushing chamber 3 is positioned at the middle part, the fermenting chamber 4 is positioned at the bottom part, the feeding chamber 2 and the crushing chamber 3 are respectively supported at the upper part and the middle part of the machine body through a mounting seat 13 fixed in the machine body, the fermenting chamber 4 is fixedly arranged at the bottom part of the machine body, wherein the feeding chamber 2 is directly butted with a feeding door 14 arranged on a top cover of the machine body, green garbage is directly fed into the feeding chamber 2 under the action of gravity after being fed through the opened feeding door 14, the butt joint communication between the feeding chamber 2 and the crushing chamber 3 and between the fermenting chamber 4 is realized through openable valves, the sequential feeding of the garbage between the feeding chamber, the crushing chamber and the fermenting chamber is realized through the gravity, and the fermenting chamber discharging door 44 is arranged at the bottom part of the fermenting chamber 4, the fermentation chamber discharge door 44 is in butt joint with the discharge door 15 arranged at the bottom of the machine body, and the fertilizer after composting is discharged by opening the discharge door 15 without additionally arranging an independent feeding mechanism.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2 in combination, the feeding chamber 2 includes a feeding chamber housing 21, an overflow plate 22, a deoiling push rod 23, a squeezing plate 24, a discharging push rod 25, an electric heating plate 26, a feeding chamber discharging door 27, an oil discharging hole 28, a water discharging hole 29, an oil separating plate 210, and an overflow water hole 211. Wherein feed chamber casing 21 is open-top's container, and the bottom is fixed inside the organism through mount pad 13, and the feeding gate 14 butt joint that sets up on the organism top cap accepts the green rubbish that drops into, and feed chamber 2 sets up electric plate 26 and carries out the heater block that adds the inactivation as the rubbish that drops into, is equipped with layering overflow structure and portable stripper plate 24 in the feed chamber 2, promotes the inside rubbish material level of feed chamber through removing stripper plate 24, then discharges the oil slick and the unnecessary moisture on upper strata respectively, realizes deoiling and the water reduction of rubbish.
Specifically, 2 inside overflow district I, charging area II and the buffers III of being divided into in the transverse direction of feed chamber, wherein charging area II is the space of directly accepting rubbish, and electric plate 26 covers this regional setting, and overflow district I is used for the overflow of oil slick and unnecessary water to collect, and buffers III is extrusion plate 24's removal space, and layered overflow structure separates charging area II and overflow district I, and extrusion plate 24 separates charging area II and buffers III.
The layered overflow structure comprises an overflow plate 22 and an oil separation plate 210, wherein the overflow plate 22 is fixed inside a feed chamber shell 21, an overflow area I and a charging area II are formed on two sides of the overflow plate 22, the top of the overflow plate 22 is lower than the height of the feed chamber shell 21, an oil overflow channel between the charging area II and the overflow area I is formed on the top of the overflow plate 22, the oil separation plate 210 is fixed on one side of the overflow plate 22 close to the overflow area I in parallel, the top of the oil separation plate is sealed with the overflow plate 22, a drainage space separated from the oil overflow channel is formed with the overflow plate 22, oil overflowing from the top of the overflow plate 22 cannot enter the drainage space, an overflow hole 211 is formed in the projection area of the overflow plate 22 below the oil overflow channel corresponding to the drainage space, the overflow hole 211 is preferably arranged at the highest position of the drainage space, the overflow hole 211 connects the drainage space with the area II, oil discharge holes 28 and drainage holes 29 are respectively formed at the bottoms of two side areas of the oil separation plate 210, through removing the inside rubbish material level of stripper plate 24 promotion charging area II, the most floating oil that floats can spill over the back through the top fluid overflow channel of overflow plate 22, discharges through oil drain hole 28 to same collection arrives district greasy dirt centralized processing system, the surplus water that is located the floating oil below then gets into the drainage space from overflow water hole 211, discharges from wash port 29, and the unified normal water treatment pipeline that gets into finally gets into the normal water treatment system in district.
The bottom of the feeding chamber shell 21 corresponding to the loading area II is provided with an openable feeding chamber discharge door 27, the bottom of the feeding chamber shell 21 corresponding to the loading area II is provided with an opening, the feeding chamber discharge door 27 is assembled at the bottom of the feeding chamber shell 21 in a sliding manner and seals the opening, a sliding assembly position between the feeding chamber discharge door 27 and the feeding chamber shell 21 is sealed, the leakage of garbage liquid is prevented, a discharging push rod 25 for driving the feeding chamber discharge door 27 to open and close the opening is arranged below the feeding chamber shell 21, the discharging push rod 25 adopts an electric push rod, one end of the push rod is fixedly installed, the other end of the push rod is hinged to the feeding chamber discharge door 27, and the telescopic driving feeding chamber discharge door 27 through the electric push rod is opened in a sliding manner and closed in a sliding manner.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3 in combination, crushing room 3 is located feed chamber 2 below, including crushing room casing 31, crushing blade 32, crushing motor 33, crushing room discharge valve 34 and landing leg 35, crushing room casing 31 open-top, open-top directly docks with the discharge opening that feed chamber discharge door 27 of feed chamber 2 was opened, inside green rubbish of feed chamber 2 directly fell into crushing room casing 31 through gravity, the bottom of crushing room casing 31 sets up crushing blade 32, crushing blade 32 is driven by fixed encapsulation at the crushing motor 33 of crushing room casing 31 bottom, carry out the whipping breakage to the inside green rubbish of crushing room casing 31. The bottom of crushing chamber casing 31 adopts the funnel cone end, and the higher department in the outside of crushing chamber casing 31 bottom is used for installing the mount pad 13 of crushing chamber through landing leg 35 fixed stay in the organism on, and the bottom minimum at crushing chamber casing 31 is installed to crushing chamber discharge valve 34, and crushing chamber discharge valve 34 adopts electric valve, and 3 inside by broken rubbish thick liquids of crushing chamber can be completely discharged through crushing chamber discharge valve 34 like this.
With reference to fig. 1 and 4, the fermentation chamber 4 is located the below of crushing chamber 3, including fermentation chamber casing 41, stirring rake 42 and base 43, wherein fermentation chamber casing 41 open-top, open-top and the direct butt joint of crushing chamber discharge valve 34 of crushing chamber 3, rubbish thick liquids after the breakage directly fall into inside the 4 casings of fermentation chamber through gravity, the inside rabbling mechanism that includes the stirring rake that is equipped with of fermentation chamber casing 41, and let in the air through the inside draught fan 6 that sets up of organism, be used for rubbish aerobic fermentation, the inside heater block that still is equipped with of fermentation chamber 4, when being used for the required constant temperature condition of fermentation, carry out the mummification to the thick liquids that the fermentation was accomplished. The bottom of the fermentation chamber shell 41 is provided with a fermentation chamber discharge door 44, the fermentation chamber discharge door 44 keeps a closed state in the fermentation process of the fermentation chamber, after the fermentation is finished and the drying is completed, the fermentation chamber discharge door 44 is opened and is in butt joint with a discharge door 15 arranged at the bottom of the machine body, and the fertilizer is stirred by a stirring paddle 43 in the fermentation chamber 4 and used for discharging the dried compost.
In this embodiment, the stirring mechanism in the fermentation chamber 4 adopts the stirring paddle 42 shown in fig. 4 and 5, the stirring paddle 42 includes a stirring shaft 421, a plurality of stirring rods 423 fixed on the stirring shaft 421, and stirring blades 424 fixed on the ends of the stirring rods 423, the stirring shaft 421 and the stirring rods 423 are respectively of a hollow structure, one end of a hollow channel of the stirring shaft 421 is closed, the other end is communicated with an induced draft fan 6 arranged on the body through a rotary joint 422 and a pipeline, the hollow channels inside all the stirring rods 423 are communicated with the hollow channel of the stirring shaft 421, the stirring blades 424 are provided with air holes communicated with the ends of the channels of the stirring rods 423, during the stirring and stirring of the garbage slurry by the stirring paddle 42, the interior of the garbage slurry is ventilated through the induced draft fan 6 while being stirred, compared with a mode of directly ventilating the interior of the fermentation chamber through the induced draft fan, the ventilation by the stirring paddle 42 can improve the oxygen circulation inside the garbage, improving the aerobic fermentation efficiency.
In practical application, one or two groups of stirring paddles are arranged in the fermentation chamber shell 41 according to the amount of garbage to be treated, so that the stirring efficiency is improved, and the base 43 at the bottom of the fermentation chamber 4 is arranged to be an arc base corresponding to the stirring circumference of the stirring paddles 42.
To the foul smell that produces in the inside compost fermentation process of organism, the organism still is equipped with the deodorization exhaust fan 7 with inside foul smell exhaust in the bottom side, is the fermentation process to the main zone that produces the foul smell, and deodorization exhaust fan 7 is close to the fermentation chamber setting, and the soil horizon of pipe connection to ecological courtyard is passed through to the outside air outlet of deodorization exhaust fan 7, realizes the deodorization through the microorganism in the soil horizon and exhausts.
Because the inside rubbish that can heat of organism of device, heat preservation 12 has been laid to organism shell 11 inner wall, keeps warm to the compost process of organism inside, prevents simultaneously that the temperature from transmitting the organism surface, leads to organism surface temperature too high. The machine body shell 11 is made of stainless steel plates, a feeding chamber 2, a crushing chamber 3 and a fermentation chamber 4 are sealed inside, a feeding door and a discharging door for feeding and discharging are only arranged, and air inlet and exhaust ventilation openings are arranged and a filter screen is arranged. The heat preservation is clung to the inner wall of the machine body shell, is made of flexible heat preservation and insulation materials which are easy to form, and is 10-20 mm thick.
In addition, referring to fig. 1 again, in the present embodiment, a first sprayer 51 is disposed inside the machine body above the feeding chamber 2, a second sprayer 52 is disposed above the crushing chamber 3, and a third sprayer 53 is disposed above the fermenting chamber 4, so that the feeding chamber 2, the crushing chamber 3, and the fermenting chamber 4 can be cleaned by the sprayers, and water can be added to the required process steps by the sprayers. The three groups of sprayers are respectively connected with a water source through branch pipes and a main pipe, an electric adjusting ball valve is arranged in the middle of the sprayers, and the three branch pipes are respectively connected with nozzles of the sprayers. The liquid spraying shape of the nozzle is a large-angle hollow cone shape and corresponds to the feeding chamber, the crushing chamber and the fermentation chamber respectively. After each round of fermentation is finished, the electric ball valve on the main pipe is opened through the control system, and the nozzle washing liquid is sprayed out to wash and clean the side wall of the container respectively. And the water flow pressure of the nozzle can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the electric ball valve, so that the spraying angle is controlled, and the cleaning part is changed.
Inside including deoiling push rod, electric plate, the push rod of unloading, broken motor, crushing room discharge valve, (mixing) shaft, draught fan, deodorization exhaust fan, automatically controlled such as spray thrower through small-size industry touch-sensitive screen all-in-one and PLC controller and control cable, realizes the automation of putting through the compost process, can carry out the automatic compost operation of green rubbish to operation washing machine during the family uses equally. The control of the electronic control automation can be realized by the existing mature programming control technology, and the details are not repeated herein.
The green garbage composting process of this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 6.
The composting process of the green garbage composting integrated device in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, feeding, namely putting green garbage into a feeding chamber 2 through a feeding hole on a machine body;
and secondly, inactivating and extracting oil, namely heating the green garbage in the feeding chamber 2 to kill the infectious microbes carried by the green garbage and extracting the grease in the garbage.
In the feeding chamber 2, the garbage is firstly inactivated and synchronously extracted for about 10 minutes. The inactivation and oil extraction processes are as follows: the temperature of the device is raised to 120 ℃ by adopting the temperature raising function of the device. The operation has two main functions, namely, the fungi carried by the materials are killed, so that the mixed fungi are prevented from influencing the fermentation process. Secondly, the oil in the kitchen garbage is extracted by heating, and experiments prove that the grease in the kitchen garbage can inhibit the growth of fermentation microorganisms. Fat can generate Maillard reaction at high temperature, and when the temperature is controlled to be between 120 ℃ and 130 ℃, grease in garbage can be fully extracted.
And thirdly, removing oil, supplementing water according to the water content of the green garbage, lifting the garbage liquid level in the feeding chamber through the movable extrusion plate 24, and discharging the floating oil floating on the water surface in an overflowing manner.
The kitchen waste is provided with certain grease, and a part of oil is generated by extraction. In order to avoid the influence of high-content grease on the fermentation process, oil removal treatment is needed. The oil removing process comprises the following steps: the water quantity of the garbage is poured in, the oil floats on the water surface, the liquid level is further raised through extrusion, and the floating oil overflows and enters a district oil stain centralized treatment system.
And fourthly, reducing water, continuously lifting the liquid level of the garbage in the feeding chamber 2 through the movable extrusion plate 24, and overflowing and discharging the excessive water.
The water content of the kitchen waste is generally between 75% and 95%, and the optimal water content of the fermented compost is generally about 50% to 60%. When the water content is too low and less than 30%, the life activity of microorganisms is affected, and when the water content is too high, the composting speed is reduced, so that anaerobic bacteria are decomposed, odor is generated, and nutrient substances are leached out. Since a certain amount of water is introduced in the previous oil removal treatment and the kitchen waste contains abundant water, the water reduction treatment is required. The water reducing process is as follows: the kitchen garbage is extruded, the liquid level rises, meanwhile, the water outlet valve is opened, and the redundant water overflows into a reclaimed water treatment pipeline and finally enters a reclaimed water treatment system of a community.
And fifthly, crushing, namely conveying the green garbage in the feeding chamber 2 into a crushing chamber 3, and stirring and crushing the garbage.
Microorganisms move on the surface of the organic particles, so that the size of the particles is reduced, the surface area is increased, the movement of the microorganisms is promoted, and the composting speed is accelerated; therefore, in order to accelerate the fermentation process, the size of the compost raw materials should be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring air permeability, so that the garbage needs to be crushed. The crushing treatment process comprises the following steps: the garbage after being extruded and filtered falls into a crushing chamber from a feeding chamber, and the garbage is loaded into the crushing chamber and is subjected to cyclone cutting by a three-dimensional double-layer four-blade steel knife, so that garbage slurry is formed after uniform crushing.
And sixthly, fermentation, namely feeding the crushed garbage slurry into a fermentation chamber 4, injecting fermentation strains into the fermentation chamber 4, keeping the temperature of the interior of the fermentation chamber constant and ventilating, and stirring the garbage slurry through a stirring mechanism to perform aerobic fermentation.
After the garbage after sufficient crushing enters the fermentation chamber, a fermentation microbial inoculum can be automatically injected into an opening beside the fermentation chamber, and a heating component, an induced draft fan and a deodorization exhaust fan in the fermentation chamber are automatically started simultaneously. The fermentation microbial inoculum is a rapid fermentation composite microbial inoculum suitable for kitchen waste composting obtained by collecting microorganisms in the environment and performing propagation culture, and specific strains can be directly purchased with mature microbial inoculants for culture.
The compost fermentation strain is inoculated into the garbage slurry, so that the biomass of the fermentation bacteria in the compost can be rapidly increased, the fermentation process can be performed as soon as possible, the decomposition of compost raw materials is accelerated, the composting time is greatly shortened, the growth of anaerobic bacteria is inhibited, and NH is reduced3、H2And volatile substances such as S, amines, aldehydes and the like are generated, so that the odor is reduced, and the loss of nutrients is reduced. For composting, the temperature is an important factor for smooth composting, the temperature can influence the growth of microorganisms, and generally speaking, the degradation efficiency of high-temperature bacteria on organic matters is higher than that of medium-temperature bacteria. Aeration and oxygen supply are one of the key factors for successful composting. The oxygen concentration in the composting process is 18%, and once the oxygen concentration is lower than 18%, the life activity of microorganisms in the aerobic compost is limited, so that the compost is easy to enter an anaerobic state to generate malodor. The using amount of the zymophyte is preferably more than 75% of the surface of the kitchen waste, then the kitchen waste is covered and compacted, the temperature of a fermentation chamber is controlled at 45 ℃, the ventilation speed is 12L/min, and 5g of microbial inoculum is added. Stirring every 6h during fermentation to allow full fermentation.
And seventhly, drying, namely heating and drying the fermented garbage slurry in the fermentation chamber 4 to obtain the solid fertilizer.
Because fermentation process can produce some filtration liquid, whole fertilizer that produces is moist, is unfavorable for the preservation, and the microorganism in the fermentation process is not too favorable to the growth of plant, and this fertilizer will be used in the ecological courtyard of family moreover, for resident's healthy safety consideration, need dry and the disinfection of disinfecting handles of disinfecting. The drying and sterilizing treatment process comprises the following steps: after the fermentation of the garbage slurry is finished, starting a temperature rise program in the fermentation chamber, raising the temperature to 120 ℃, drying for 3h, and reducing the water content to about 10%, so that the solid fertilizer can be molded, and the effects of sterilizing and disinfecting the fertilizer can be achieved.
After the fertilizer fermented and dried inside the fermentation chamber is discharged, the interiors of the feeding chamber 2, the crushing chamber 3 and the fermentation chamber 4 are sprayed and cleaned through a sprayer. The reclaimed water recycling system of the ecological courtyard can be connected with the sprayers, after the fermented fertilizer enters the water and fertilizer system, water automatically enters the equipment, and all the functional units are cleaned through the nozzles of all the sprayers. After the cleaning is finished, the whole device is air-dried and dried, and the whole device is kept in a clean and sterile state after being treated.
The following describes the beneficial effects of the present invention with reference to three specific examples of applying the present embodiment.
Example one
The composting scheme covered by the embodiment is applied to the treatment of kitchen garbage and ecological courtyard litter of the residents of the fifth generation of ecological intelligent buildings, and the composted products are used for the growth of ecological courtyard plants, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding: putting green garbage such as 2.25kg of kitchen garbage and 0.25kg of plant litter generated by residents in a day into a feeding chamber, and injecting 5g of zymophyte agent into an inlet of the fermentation chamber; selecting the weight of the fermented materials through a function button on a machine body control panel, adjusting to a full-flow mode, and pressing a start button to start the device to run;
(2) inactivation and oil extraction: heating to 120 ℃ by a program, carrying out bacteria eliminating treatment on the garbage materials in the feeding chamber, and carrying out oil extraction treatment on the grease-rich substances, wherein the total time of the steps is 20 minutes;
(3) oil removal: the device is connected with a reclaimed water recycling system in an ecological intelligent fifth-generation building, recycled reclaimed water is injected into the program through a first sprayer and passes through materials, so that grease floats on the water surface, the material level is lifted by extrusion, and the grease floats upwards through an overflow plate and enters a grease treatment system of an ecological intelligent fifth-generation building district;
(4) water reducing: 3, the device starts an automatic drainage function, then carries out extrusion filtration drainage, maintains the water content of the material at 50-60%, and the drained water enters a reclaimed water treatment system of an ecological intelligent fifth-generation building district;
(5) crushing: the garbage materials processed in the step 4 automatically enter a crushing chamber, and the materials are subjected to cyclone cutting by a three-dimensional double-layer four-blade steel knife of the crushing chamber and are uniformly crushed to form garbage slurry;
(6) fermentation: automatically feeding the garbage slurry treated in the step 5 into a fermentation chamber, automatically injecting a fermentation microbial inoculum, raising the temperature to 45 ℃ by a program, starting an induced draft fan and a deodorization exhaust fan to ensure that the ventilation speed is 12L/min, and stirring once every 6 hours to fully ferment the garbage slurry;
(7) drying: drying the fermented fertilizer treated in the step 6, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ by a program, drying until the moisture content is less than 10% to obtain the dried fertilizer, and conveying the dried fertilizer to a water and fertilizer irrigation system carried by the ecological courtyard;
(8) cleaning: the device is connected with a reclaimed water recycling system in an ecological intelligent fifth-generation building, recycled reclaimed water is injected in a program, each unit in the machine body is washed and cleaned through a sprayer, the program is heated to 120 ℃ after cleaning is finished, and an induced draft fan is started to enable the device to be in a clean and sterile state.
The size of the green garbage composting device used in the ecological courtyard in the above example is 350 x 800, the whole composting system is powered by a wind-proof power generation system equipped in the ecological intelligent fifth-generation building courtyard, and the prepared fertilizer is used for replenishing fertility to ornamental plants in the ecological intelligent fifth-generation building courtyard through a water-fertilizer irrigation system; through two-month tests, the planting soil and the plant of the plants above the courtyard are taken for detection, and the appearance of the plants is observed and contrasted for measurement, which shows that the planting soil and the fertility of the plants are sufficient, the plants in the courtyard grow more vigorously, the leaves are greener in color, less leaves are withered, and the disease resistance and the drought resistance are also enhanced.
Example two
Apply this embodiment to the processing of green rubbish such as kitchen garbage and green plant litter of office in the office garden, the product that the compost is accomplished is used for whole green plants growth in office industry garden again, specifically includes the following step:
(1) feeding: 100kg of kitchen garbage and 2kg of plant litter produced in a dining room of an office industrial park by one day are put into a feeding chamber, and 200g of zymophyte agent is injected into an inlet of the fermentation chamber; selecting the weight of the fermented materials through a function button on a machine body control panel, adjusting to a full-flow mode, and pressing a start button to start the device to run;
(2) inactivation and oil extraction: heating to 120 ℃ in a programmed manner, carrying out mixed bacteria elimination treatment on kitchen garbage and plant litter, and carrying out oil extraction treatment on oil-rich matters, wherein the total time of the steps is 20 minutes;
(3) oil removal: the device is connected with a reclaimed water recycling system in an office industrial park, recycled reclaimed water is injected in a program and passes through garbage materials in a feeding chamber, so that grease floats on the water surface, and the grease enters a grease centralized treatment system of a basement of the office industrial park through an overflow plate by extrusion;
(4) water reducing: 3, the device starts the automatic drainage function by the injected water, then carries out extrusion overflow drainage, the water content of the garbage material is maintained at 50-60%, and the discharged water enters a reclaimed water treatment system of an office industrial park;
(5) crushing: the garbage materials processed in the step 4 automatically enter a crushing chamber, and the garbage materials are subjected to cyclone cutting by a three-dimensional double-column four-layer eight-blade steel cutter of the crushing chamber and are uniformly crushed to form garbage slurry;
(6) fermentation: automatically feeding the garbage slurry treated in the step 5 into a fermentation chamber, automatically injecting a fermentation microbial inoculum, raising the temperature to 45 ℃ by a program, starting an induced draft fan and a deodorization exhaust fan to ensure that the ventilation speed is 12L/min, and stirring once every 3 hours to fully ferment the garbage slurry;
(7) drying: drying the fermented fertilizer treated in the step 6, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ by a program, and drying until the water content is less than 10% to obtain a dried fertilizer;
(8) mixing and granulating: uniformly mixing the fertilizer dried in the step 7 with struvite prepared by recovering N & P elements in black water in an office industrial park, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by using an extrusion granulator of a factory building in the office industrial park to prepare a granular compound fertilizer with the grain diameter of about 1-3mm for all green plants in the office industrial park;
(9) cleaning: the device is connected with a reclaimed water recycling system in an office industrial park, recycled reclaimed water is injected in a program, each unit is sprayed and cleaned through a sprayer, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃ in the program after the cleaning is finished, and a ventilation system is started to enable the device to be in a clean and sterile state.
The size of the ecological courtyard green garbage composting device used in the embodiment is 1000 x 1500, the whole composting system is powered by a solar photovoltaic panel in an office industrial park, and the prepared fertilizer is used for replenishing the fertility of outdoor green plants such as southern magnolia, sweet osmanthus, poplar, camphor tree, peach tree, rubber tree and the like, indoor plants such as pachira macrocarpa, green bonnie, chlorophytum comosum, sansevieria trifasciata and boston fern and the like in the park by gardeners; through three-month experiments, the planting soil and the plant of the plants in the garden are taken for detection, the appearance of the plants is observed and contrasted for measurement, the planting soil and the fertility of the plants are all shown to be sufficient, the plants grow more vigorously, the leaves are greener in color, less leaves are withered, and the disease resistance and drought resistance are also enhanced.
Example three
The method is applied to the treatment of kitchen garbage of new rural farmers and green plant litter before the door, and the composted product can be used for the growth of new rural vegetable gardens and plants before the door, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding: putting green wastes such as 2.25kg of kitchen wastes and 0.25kg of plant wastes generated by farmers in new rural areas in a day into a feeding chamber, and injecting 5g of zymophyte agent into an inlet of the fermentation chamber; selecting the weight of the fermentation material through a function button on a control panel, adjusting to a full-flow mode, and pressing a start button to start the device to run;
(2) inactivation and oil extraction: heating to 120 ℃ in a programmed manner, carrying out mixed bacteria elimination treatment on kitchen garbage and plant litter, and carrying out oil extraction treatment on oil-rich matters, wherein the total time of the steps is 20 minutes;
(3) oil removal: the device is connected with a reclaimed water recycling system in a new rural area, recycled reclaimed water is injected in a program and overflows garbage materials to be extruded, and grease floats upwards to enter a distributed reclaimed water treatment system in the new rural area through an overflow plate;
(4) water reducing: 3, the device starts the automatic drainage function, and then performs extrusion overflow drainage, wherein the water content of the material is maintained at 50-60%, and the discharged water enters a new rural distributed reclaimed water treatment system;
(5) crushing: the garbage materials processed in the step 4 automatically enter a crushing chamber, and the materials are subjected to cyclone cutting by a three-dimensional double-layer four-blade steel knife of the crushing chamber and are uniformly crushed to form garbage slurry;
(6) fermentation: automatically feeding the garbage slurry treated in the step 5 into a fermentation chamber, automatically injecting a fermentation microbial inoculum, raising the temperature to 45 ℃ by a program, starting an induced draft fan and a deodorization exhaust fan to ensure that the ventilation speed is 12L/min, and stirring once every 6 hours to fully ferment the garbage slurry;
(7) drying: drying the fermented fertilizer treated in the step 6, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ by a program, and drying until the water content is less than 10% to obtain a dried fertilizer;
(8) scattering: a farmer can put the fertilizer dried in the step 7 into the crushing chamber again, and the fertilizer is scattered for 2 minutes to obtain granular powdery fertilizer with uniform texture;
(9) cleaning: the device is connected with a reclaimed water recycling system in a new rural area, recycled reclaimed water is injected in the program, the spray nozzles spray and clean the reclaimed water, the program is heated to 120 ℃, and the ventilation system is started to enable the device to be in a clean and sterile state.
The size of the green garbage composting device used in the new rural area in the above example is 350 x 800, the whole composting system is powered by the solar photovoltaic panel system in the new rural area, and the prepared fertilizer is applied to poplar and willow in front of farmers in the new rural area, jujube trees, and vegetable plants such as cucumbers, peppers, eggplants, swamp beans and the like in vegetable gardens. Through two months's experiments, the planting soil and the plant that take above-mentioned plant detect and the plant appearance is watched the contrast and is measured, all show that planting soil and plant fertility are all sufficient to the growth of above plant is more vigorous, and the blade color and luster is greener, and vegetables melon and fruit moisture content and sweet are all very sufficient.
The above-mentioned aspects of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples, but the composting process and apparatus are not limited to the following examples. Appropriate modifications made in accordance with ordinary skill in the art and the embodiments that are common within the art are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a green garbage compost integrated device which characterized in that: comprises a feeding chamber (2), a crushing chamber (3) and a fermentation chamber (4) which are arranged in the same machine body in a centralized way;
the garbage feeding device is characterized in that the feeding chamber (2) is in butt joint with a feeding door (14) arranged on a top cover of the machine body and used for feeding garbage, the feeding chamber (2) is provided with a heating part used for heating and inactivating the garbage and extracting oil, and the feeding chamber (2) is provided with a layered overflow structure and a movable extrusion plate (24) used for lifting the material level and used for removing the oil and reducing the water of the garbage;
the crushing chamber (3) is communicated with the feeding chamber (2) through a discharging door (27) of the feeding chamber, and a crushing blade (32) is arranged inside the crushing chamber (3) and used for crushing garbage;
fermentation chamber (4) and crushing chamber (3) are through crushing chamber discharge valve (34) intercommunication, fermentation chamber (4) inside is equipped with rabbling mechanism to be equipped with draught fan (6) that let in the air for rubbish aerobic fermentation, fermentation chamber (4) are equipped with the heater block, are used for improving fermentation temperature and rubbish mummification, fermentation chamber (4) bottom sets up fermentation chamber discharge door (44), discharge door (15) butt joint that fermentation chamber discharge door (44) and bottom of the body set up.
2. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the inner part of the feeding chamber (2) is divided into an overflow area, a charging area and a buffer area in the transverse direction, the charging area and the overflow area are separated by the layered overflow structure, and the charging area and the buffer area are separated by the extrusion plate.
3. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the layered overflow structure comprises an overflow plate (22) and an oil separation plate (210), wherein an oil overflow channel between a loading area and an overflow area is formed at the top of the overflow plate (22), the oil separation plate (210) is fixed on one side, close to the overflow area, of the overflow plate (22) and forms a drainage space separated from the oil overflow channel with the overflow plate (22), overflow water holes (211) are formed in the projection area, corresponding to the drainage space, of the lower portion of the oil overflow channel of the overflow plate (22), and the bottoms of the overflow areas on the two sides of the oil separation plate (210) are connected to an oil discharge hole (28) and a water discharge hole (29) respectively.
4. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the extrusion plate (24) is assembled on one side, close to the buffer zone, of the charging zone of the feeding chamber (2) in a sliding mode, and a deoiling push rod (23) for pushing the extrusion plate (24) to move horizontally in the charging zone is arranged on the outer side of the charging zone.
5. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the feeding chamber discharge door (27) is arranged at the bottom of the charging area of the feeding chamber (2), and a discharge push rod (25) for driving the feeding chamber discharge door (27) to open and close is arranged at the bottom of the feeding chamber (2).
6. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: rabbling mechanism in fermentation chamber (4) is stirring rake (42), stirring rake (42) include (mixing) shaft (421), fix a plurality of puddler (423) on (mixing) shaft (421) and fix stirring vane (424) at puddler (423) tip, hollow chamber way that (mixing) shaft (421) and puddler (423) were equipped with inside intercommunication, the chamber of (mixing) shaft (421) is said one end and is passed through rotary joint (422) and draught fan (6) intercommunication, be equipped with the gas pocket of saying the intercommunication with the chamber of puddler (423) on stirring vane (424).
7. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: an insulating layer (12) is laid on the inner wall of the machine body shell (11) of the machine body.
8. A green waste composting all-in-one device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 wherein: the machine body is internally provided with spaces which respectively correspond to the feeding chamber (2), the crushing chamber (3) and the fermentation chamber (4) from top to bottom along the vertical direction, the feeding chamber (2) and the crushing chamber (3) are supported at the upper part and the middle part of the machine body through a mounting seat (13), and the fermentation chamber (4) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the machine body.
9. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the organism still is equipped with inside foul smell exhaust deodorization exhaust fan (7), deodorization exhaust fan (7) are connected to the soil horizon of ecological courtyard through the pipeline.
10. The integrated green waste composting apparatus of claim 8, wherein: and sprayers are arranged in the machine body and above the feeding chamber (2), the crushing chamber (3) and the fermentation chamber (4).
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114100878A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 潜江市潜半夏药业股份有限公司 | A high-efficient edulcoration system for tuber of pinellia processing |
| CN114516765A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-20 | 湖南绿蔓生物科技股份有限公司 | Waste residue treatment equipment after extraction of momordica grosvenori |
| CN116375513A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-07-04 | 闪电(广东)环保回收科技有限公司 | Green garbage composting process and composting integrated device |
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2020
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114100878A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 潜江市潜半夏药业股份有限公司 | A high-efficient edulcoration system for tuber of pinellia processing |
| CN114100878B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-11-24 | 潜江市潜半夏药业股份有限公司 | A high-efficient edulcoration system for pinellia ternate processing |
| CN114516765A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-20 | 湖南绿蔓生物科技股份有限公司 | Waste residue treatment equipment after extraction of momordica grosvenori |
| CN116375513A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-07-04 | 闪电(广东)环保回收科技有限公司 | Green garbage composting process and composting integrated device |
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Effective date of registration: 20210914 Address after: 410000 the second floor of 101 and 102, building 2, phase I, hengkai environmental protection science and Technology Park, 68 Zhuyun Road, Changsha high tech Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee after: HUNAN HENGKAI ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INVESTMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 410000 the second floor of 101 and 102, building 2, phase I, hengkai environmental protection science and Technology Park, 68 Zhuyun Road, Changsha high tech Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee before: Hunan Hengsheng Innovative Construction Technology Co., Ltd |