CN203962019U - Smoke evacuation system in tunnel - Google Patents
Smoke evacuation system in tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN203962019U CN203962019U CN201420429506.XU CN201420429506U CN203962019U CN 203962019 U CN203962019 U CN 203962019U CN 201420429506 U CN201420429506 U CN 201420429506U CN 203962019 U CN203962019 U CN 203962019U
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- tunnel
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- evacuation system
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Abstract
The utility model discloses smoke evacuation system in a kind of tunnel, described system comprises: smoke duct, supervising device, and blower fan, described smoke duct offers a plurality of smoke vent openings, described blower fan and the longitudinal interlaced arrangement of described smoke vent opening, whole described blower fans all carry out control connection with described supervising device.Described method is controlled the output wind speed and direction of each blower fan on this pipeline section by described supervising device, reduce the natural wind speed of this pipeline section, and the smoke vent opening by contiguous this place sucks flue gas in smoke duct and discharges simultaneously.The utility model can effectively reduce the natural wind speed of tunnel pipeline section, be conducive to the flue gas in tunnel to enter in smoke duct and discharge by smoke vent opening, avoid flue gas excessively how soon to spread, guarantee that in tunnel pipeline section certain limit, flow of flue gas presents certain rule, make visibility in tunnel, temperature, toxic and harmful concentration etc. reach a kind of controllable state, for tunnel fire-fighting and rescue with evacuate safety, comfortable environment are provided.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the technical field of smoke evacuation system design, relates in particular to smoke evacuation system in a kind of tunnel.
Background technology
Along with social development, the construction in the tunnel of growing up is more and more frequent, and its economic results in society that bring are also day by day remarkable.But simultaneously, Some features due to tunnel structure self, few such as export abroad, relatively sealing, natural draught system difficulty etc., once make its inside breaking out of fire by tunnel structure with and interior travel personnel's life security cause great threat, and give and evacuate escape and rescue work and bring great difficulty.Existing disaster accident statistics show, evacuation difficulty, rescue difficulty, the smoke evacuation difficulty that such as the enclosed environment of tunnel-like linear structure, can cause, once make the breaking out of fire of its inside, have more danger with respect to surface structures; Meanwhile, these underground structure internal structures are complicated, visitors flowrate is large, face sudden disaster and are difficult to timely and effective disposal, easily cause the dead group's wound of personnel group, cause huge property loss and serious social influence.
Because temperature in tunnel, smog and toxic gas all may be fatal, many scholars carried out deep discussion to this problem.There are some researches show, the reason that causes personnel death is mainly to have sucked flue gas particle in escape process.Flue gas mainly contains people's harm: suck the thermal current respiratory tract of burning; In flue gas, contain poisonous and narcotic gas; Due to the content of oxygen in air, very low causing suffocates; Stimulate eyes and respiratory tract, obstruct the view, be unfavorable for people's evacuation.Therefore it is considerable, in long distance tunnel, effectively discharging flue gas or smoke gas flow is carried out reasonably changing control.
The design of tunnel smoke evacuation at present combines with draft type substantially, in normal condition, it is ventilation function, meet the requirement of environmental protection, and under fire condition, be smoke evacuation, Tobacco Control function, its main purpose is for the personnel that ride of department, to create the evacuation environment of safety and comfort, helps the quick and convenient arrival of firefighter scene of fire simultaneously.The mode of smoke evacuation can be classified as two kinds: laterally fume exhausting type and longitudinally fume exhausting type.So-called transverse type is by the lasting air-supply uniformly of the whole length along tunnel or air draft, to realize the object of ventilation smoke exhaust.Longitudinal ventilation mode exactly by producing the longitudinally distinguished and admirable ventilation smoke exhaust object that reaches in tunnel.
Established tunnel rescue is both at home and abroad evacuated and can be realized by following several modes:
1. laterally service channel escape
Two-tube tunnel is longitudinal along tunnel, and horizontal service channel Jiang Liang tunnel UNICOM is often set across a certain distance, realizes fire disaster escaping and rescue.
2. vertical passage escape
Utilization be parallel to the separate tunnel of tunnel direction or in tunnel the space below roadway face build up longitudinal passway for escaping, often emergency exit is set across a certain distance or slide ramp and road surface under passway for escaping UNICOM, to flee from fire hazard.
3. vertical-transverse passage-way is in conjunction with escape
Along tunnel longitudinally often emergency exit is set across a certain distance or slide ramp with road surface under passway for escaping UNICOM, formation evacuating personnel passage; Meanwhile, horizontal service channel Jiang Liang tunnel UNICOM is often set across a certain distance, carries out vehicle dispersal and fire-fighting and rescue.
Existing single longitudinal rescue is evacuated under mode fire condition, the impact that spread by flue gas, and the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION rule of the visibility of track layer, temperature, toxic and harmful has very large randomness, is unfavorable for the expansion of fire-fighting and rescue and evacuating personnel work.
Therefore, the applicant be devoted to develop a kind of can to the smoke condition in tunnel carry out monitoring in real time and the tunnel of automatically effectively discharging fast in smoke evacuation system and method thereof.
Utility model content
Because the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the utility model be propose a kind of can to the smoke condition in tunnel carry out monitoring in real time and the tunnel of automatically effectively discharging fast in smoke evacuation system.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides smoke evacuation system in a kind of tunnel, it comprises: the smoke duct arranging along tunnel longitudinal extension, for determining the supervising device of fire location, fire scale and air-flow character in tunnel, and for changing the blower fan of airflow direction and speed in tunnel.
Described smoke duct offers a plurality of smoke vent openings towards described tunnel internal conducting, and organize described blower fan more and arrange along described tunnel longitudinal arrangement, described blower fan and the longitudinal interlaced arrangement of described smoke vent opening, whole described blower fans all carry out control connection with described supervising device.
Described supervising device monitors certain pipeline section in described tunnel need to discharge fume time, control the output wind speed and direction of each blower fan on this pipeline section, reduce the natural wind speed of this pipeline section, the smoke vent opening by contiguous this place sucks flue gas in smoke duct and discharges simultaneously.
Preferably, longitudinally between adjacent two described smoke vent openings, be at least furnished with one group described in blower fan.
Preferably, longitudinally described in adjacent two groups, between blower fan, be at least furnished with a described smoke vent opening.
Preferably, described blower fan is bidirectional reversible adjustable speed jet blower.
Preferably, in the two-port of described smoke duct, be provided with smoke extractor exhaust fan.
Preferably, described in each, smoke vent opening correspondence is provided with an automatic door, described automatic door and described supervising device control connection.
Preferably, adjacent described smoke vent opening interval 100-200m.
The utility model also proposes smoke exhaust method in a kind of tunnel, adopt smoke evacuation system in above-mentioned tunnel to discharge fume, comprise the following steps: first by described supervising device quick detection, arrive the generation of fire in certain section of tunnel and further determine fire location, air-flow character in fire scale and this section of tunnel, carry out on this basis respective objects control, turning to of corresponding blower fan and rotating speed are controlled in the automatic and/or manual adjusting of binding operation person, make the natural wind speed of fire section trend towards zero, open the smoke vent opening within the scope of ignition point simultaneously, realizing flue gas is sucked and discharges by smoke duct by corresponding smoke vent opening fast, in smoke evacuation process, supervising device keeps the dynamic monitoring to air-flow character in this section of tunnel, fan operation state is adjusted in real time.
In tunnel of the present utility model, the beneficial effect of smoke evacuation system is as follows:
The utility model can carry out Real-Time Monitoring to the smoke condition in tunnel by supervising device and method thereof, and by controlling the output wind speed and direction of each blower fan and the duty of smoke vent, effectively reduce the natural wind speed of tunnel pipeline section, be conducive to the flue gas in tunnel to enter in smoke duct and discharge by smoke vent opening, avoid the excessive too fast diffusion of flue gas, guarantee that in tunnel pipeline section certain limit, flow of flue gas presents certain rule, make the visibility in tunnel, temperature, toxic and harmful concentration etc. reaches a kind of controllable state, for tunnel fire-fighting and rescue and evacuation provide safety, comfortable environment.
Applied tunnel of the present utility model, the in the situation that of breaking out of fire, can control flow of flue gas in tunnel under fire condition, can effectively protect tunnel lining structure to avoid the hyperthermia radiation under fire, coordinate tunnel fire-fighting and rescue and evacuate structure, can utilize be on the one hand parallel to the separate tunnel of tunnel direction or in tunnel the space below roadway face build up longitudinal passway for escaping and launch; On the other hand, because the development of fire can be controlled effectively, can be after evacuating along track layer, fire-fighting and rescue launches by track layer.Single longitudinal rescue evacuation mode and emphasis smoke evacuation system are organically combined.At fire, there is the very first time, the utility model can be determined air-flow character in fire location, fire scale and tunnel by supervising device, on this basis, by regulating manually or automatically turning to and rotating speed of corresponding blower fan, make low the making zero of natural wind prompt drop of the tunnel pipeline section of fire section, open the emphasis smoke vent opening within the scope of ignition point, the operation of discharging fume simultaneously.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the technique effect of design of the present utility model, concrete structure and generation is described further, to understand fully the purpose of this utility model, feature and effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is smoke evacuation system structural representation in specific embodiment tunnel.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of specific embodiment tunnel cross section.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of smoke exhaust method in the tunnel of specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, smoke evacuation system in a kind of tunnel of the present embodiment, it comprises: the smoke duct 200 that 100 longitudinal extensions arrange along tunnel, for determining the supervising device 300 of fire location, fire scale and air-flow character in tunnel, and for changing the blower fan 400 of airflow direction and speed in tunnel.
As shown in Figure 1, towards tunnel, 1 inner conducting offers a plurality of smoke vent openings 210 to the smoke duct 200 of the present embodiment, many group blower fans 400 are 1 longitudinal arrangement layout along tunnel, blower fan 400 and the longitudinal interlaced arrangement of smoke vent opening 210, and all blower fans 400 all carry out control connection with supervising device 300.Exemplary, as shown in Figure 1, between two longitudinal adjacent smoke vent openings 210 of the present embodiment, arrange one group of blower fan 400, longitudinally between two groups of adjacent blower fans 400, arrange a smoke vent opening 210, one group of blower fan 400 is for being arranged on two blower fans that are arranged side by side on same tunnel cross section in the present embodiment, not shown supervising device and tunnel concrete structure in Fig. 1, only mainly show blower fan, smoke duct and smoke vent opening thereof.
Concrete, the supervising device 300 of the present embodiment monitors certain pipeline section in tunnel 100 need to discharge fume time, control the output wind speed and direction of each blower fan 400 on this pipeline section, reduce the natural wind speed of this pipeline section, the smoke vent opening 210 by contiguous this place sucks flue gas in smoke duct 200 and discharges simultaneously.
Exemplary, as shown in Figure 1, the blower fan 400 of the present embodiment is bidirectional reversible adjustable speed jet blower, in the two-port of smoke duct 200, be provided with smoke extractor exhaust fan 220, in each smoke vent opening 210 correspondence, be provided with an automatic door (not shown), described automatic door and supervising device 300 control connections, adjacent smoke vent opening 210 interval 100-200m.
Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, the supervising device 300 of the present embodiment comprises detecting element 310, camera 320, display 330 and PLC controller 340, a plurality of detecting elements 310 and camera 320 are arranged in tunnel 100, and be connected with 340 retentive controls of PLC controller, by the situation in detecting element 310 and 320 pairs of tunnels of camera, detect in real time and monitor, detecting element 310 can detect and feed back on PLC controller 340 parameters such as the flue gas concentration in tunnel 100 and flowing velocities, by camera 320 and display 330, can effectively understand the real-time condition in tunnel, and by the wind speed and direction of the corresponding blower fan 400 of PLC controller 340 control, air-flow in guide tunnel 100 discharges fast and effectively by contiguous smoke vent opening 210.
Certainly, in other specific embodiments, supervising device can adopt other outsourcing pieces to assemble use according to actual needs, as adopt computer to coordinate various kinds of sensors to monitor use etc., the concrete model of blower fan and smoke extractor exhaust fan and magnitude setting also can be chosen as required and arrange, as being longitudinally furnished with blower fan as described in many groups as described in adjacent two between smoke vent opening, longitudinally described in adjacent two groups, between blower fan, can also be furnished with a plurality of described smoke vent openings, repeat no more herein.
Exemplary, utilize in the tunnel that in the tunnel of the present embodiment, smoke evacuation system is discharged fume smoke exhaust method specific as follows:
As shown in Figure 3, in having applied the present embodiment tunnel in the tunnel of smoke evacuation system, if the somewhere breaking out of fire in tunnel, by supervising device 300, can quick detection also further determine fire location to the generation of fire, air-flow character in fire scale and this section of tunnel, and set up air characteristics forecast model, carry out on this basis respective objects control, turning to of corresponding blower fan 400 and rotating speed are controlled in the automatic and/or manual adjusting of binding operation person, make the natural wind speed of fire section trend towards zero (be infinitely close to zero or equal zero), flue gas is compressed in fire section, open the smoke vent opening 210 within the scope of ignition point simultaneously, the flue gas of this fire section is no longer spread, realizing flue gas is sucked and discharges in time by smoke duct 200 by corresponding smoke vent opening 210 fast, in smoke evacuation process, the dynamic monitoring that supervising device 300 keeps air-flow character in this section of tunnel, adjust in real time air characteristics forecast model, blower fan 400 running statuses are adjusted in real time, make the visibility of (2m) within the scope of the track layer certain altitude in certain hour tunnel, temperature, the concentration of toxic and harmful can control to certain degree and scope, meet the requirement of fire-fighting and rescue and dredging escape.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present utility model in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just can make many modifications and variations according to design of the present utility model without creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art comply with design of the present utility model on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment, all should be in the determined protection domain by claims.
Claims (7)
1. a smoke evacuation system in tunnel, comprises the smoke duct arranging along tunnel longitudinal extension, and described smoke duct offers a plurality of smoke vent openings towards described tunnel internal conducting, it is characterized in that: in described tunnel, smoke evacuation system also comprises:
For determining the supervising device of fire location, fire scale and air-flow character in tunnel, and for changing the blower fan of airflow direction and speed in tunnel;
The described blower fan of many groups is arranged along described tunnel longitudinal arrangement, described blower fan and the longitudinal interlaced arrangement of described smoke vent opening, and whole described blower fans all carry out control connection with described supervising device;
Described supervising device monitors certain pipeline section in described tunnel need to discharge fume time, control the output wind speed and direction of each blower fan on this pipeline section, reduce the natural wind speed of this pipeline section, the smoke vent opening by contiguous this place sucks flue gas in smoke duct and discharges simultaneously.
2. smoke evacuation system in tunnel as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: blower fan described in being longitudinally at least furnished with a group between two adjacent described smoke vent openings.
3. smoke evacuation system in tunnel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: longitudinally described in adjacent two groups, between blower fan, be at least furnished with a described smoke vent opening.
4. smoke evacuation system in tunnel as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described blower fan is bidirectional reversible adjustable speed jet blower.
5. smoke evacuation system in tunnel as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the two-port of described smoke duct, be provided with smoke extractor exhaust fan.
6. smoke evacuation system in tunnel as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described in each, smoke vent opening correspondence is provided with an automatic door, described automatic door and described supervising device control connection.
7. smoke evacuation system in tunnel as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: adjacent described smoke vent opening interval 100-200m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420429506.XU CN203962019U (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2014-07-31 | Smoke evacuation system in tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420429506.XU CN203962019U (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2014-07-31 | Smoke evacuation system in tunnel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203962019U true CN203962019U (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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| CN201420429506.XU Active CN203962019U (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2014-07-31 | Smoke evacuation system in tunnel |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104153805A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Intra-tunnel smoke discharge system and method |
| CN110486073A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-22 | 上海进贤机电科技有限公司 | A kind of tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation horizontal installation smoke evacuation air-valve of modular structure |
| CN111720151A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel structure with rectangular cross section |
| CN111720153A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel smoke exhaust system |
| CN112730083A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 西南石油大学 | Simulation system and experimental method for regulating duct piece dislocation by using tenon and mortise |
| CN113107568A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 任海文 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-07-31 CN CN201420429506.XU patent/CN203962019U/en active Active
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104153805A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Intra-tunnel smoke discharge system and method |
| CN104153805B (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-07-27 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Smoke exhaust method in tunnel |
| CN110486073A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-22 | 上海进贤机电科技有限公司 | A kind of tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation horizontal installation smoke evacuation air-valve of modular structure |
| CN111720151A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel structure with rectangular cross section |
| CN111720153A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel smoke exhaust system |
| CN111720151B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel structure with rectangular cross section |
| CN112730083A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 西南石油大学 | Simulation system and experimental method for regulating duct piece dislocation by using tenon and mortise |
| CN112730083B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2024-05-28 | 西南石油大学 | Simulation system and experimental method for regulating and controlling segment staggering by using rebate |
| CN113107568A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 任海文 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
| CN113107568B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2024-02-02 | 任海文 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
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| GR01 | Patent grant |