CN113107568A - Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113107568A CN113107568A CN202110424522.4A CN202110424522A CN113107568A CN 113107568 A CN113107568 A CN 113107568A CN 202110424522 A CN202110424522 A CN 202110424522A CN 113107568 A CN113107568 A CN 113107568A
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009975 flexible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/04—Air ducts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system which comprises a tunnel main body, a tunnel inner layer and a main ventilation cavity, wherein the tunnel inner layer is arranged on the inner side of the tunnel main body, a smoke exhaust channel is formed by a gap between the tunnel inner layer and the tunnel main body, the main ventilation cavity and an emergency ventilation cavity are formed by a partition plate between the tunnel inner layer and the tunnel main body, an axial flow fan is fixedly arranged on the tunnel inner layer, a jet flow fan is fixedly arranged in the main ventilation cavity, the emergency smoke exhaust channel is fixedly arranged between the tunnel main body and the tunnel inner layer, two independent and concurrent ventilation and smoke exhaust structures are adopted, and a self-sensing gathering type fire smoke exhaust structure is arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel, so that fire smoke is rapidly exhausted, and the safe escape time of the tunnel is effectively prolonged; through a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system control method, a main ventilation cavity and an emergency smoke exhaust channel can be reasonably distributed, smoke exhaust work is concentrated at a fire occurrence position, and idle waste is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road administration, in particular to a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and a control method thereof.
Background
In the operation process of the highway tunnel, harmful waste gas such as CO, NOX and the like and smoke dust are emitted by vehicles, and when the concentration of the emitted harmful waste gas and the smoke dust exceeds a certain value, harm is brought to drivers and passengers, and the body health and the driving safety are influenced. Therefore, in order to ensure the air environmental sanitation standard required by the normal operation of the tunnel, ventilation should be performed in the tunnel. Meanwhile, potential hazards caused by automobile fire or transportation leakage of dangerous goods exist all the time in the tunnel operation process, and disaster prevention and ventilation need to be considered. Therefore, it is a major issue in tunnel ventilation and disaster prevention to ensure good air environmental sanitation standard during normal operation and to prevent life and property safety of drivers and passengers during accidents such as fire disaster. Expenses such as electric charge caused by ventilation are one of the largest daily expenses items in tunnel operation, and energy conservation and safety are pursuit targets of the ventilation technology in highway tunnel operation.
But present tunnel ventilation system adopts single exhaust passage structure usually, and smog is great when the conflagration takes place in the tunnel, leads to smoke exhaust efficiency lower, and personnel's time of fleing for one's life in the tunnel is shorter, and in some ventilation system that possess conflagration smog discharge pipeline structure, smoke exhaust pipe often dispersedly sets up, and a lot of fume extractor are in idle state when the conflagration takes place, lead to smoke exhaust efficiency unsatisfactory. In view of this, we propose a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and a control method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and a control method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises a tunnel main body, a tunnel inner layer and a main ventilation cavity, wherein the tunnel inner layer is arranged on the inner side of the tunnel main body, a smoke exhaust channel is formed between the tunnel inner layer and the tunnel main body, the main ventilation cavity and an emergency ventilation cavity are formed between the tunnel inner layer and the tunnel main body through partition plates, an axial flow fan is fixedly mounted on the tunnel inner layer, a jet fan is fixedly mounted in the main ventilation cavity, an emergency smoke exhaust channel is fixedly mounted between the tunnel main body and the tunnel inner layer, a grid is arranged on the tunnel inner layer, a guide rail is fixedly mounted in the emergency smoke exhaust channel, a toothed plate is fixedly mounted on the guide rail, a slide seat is mounted on the guide rail through a driving structure with a smoke concentration trend function, an aggregation type fire smoke exhaust structure is fixedly mounted on the slide seat, a positioning seat is fixedly mounted in the emergency smoke exhaust channel, and, and the sliding seat is provided with a positioning structure with a magnetic attraction unlocking function.
Preferably, the axial flow fan is vertically installed at the top of the inner layer of the tunnel, the axial flow fan is communicated with the space of the tunnel and the main ventilation cavity, the jet flow fans are horizontally arranged and installed in the main ventilation cavity, and the main ventilation cavity is of a structure with openings on two sides.
Preferably, urgent smoke exhaust channel is the civil engineering structure, through grid and tunnel space intercommunication, and is provided with rainwater recycle structure in the urgent smoke exhaust channel, comprises rainwater groove, drinking-water pipe, play basin, be connected with the water pump on the drinking-water pipe trunk line, and the branch pipe and the play basin intercommunication of drinking-water pipe, it sets up on the tunnel inlayer to go out the basin.
Preferably, the guide rail horizontal installation is on emergency smoke exhaust channel's inner wall, and the pinion rack is installed in the side of guide rail, the pinion rack is long rack formula structure, and drive structure including guide holder, drive gear and smoke transducer.
Preferably, the guide holder is connected in the spout of guide rail, and drive gear meshing installs on the pinion rack, and drive gear passes through positive and negative motor drive, smoke transducer is particle concentration detection sensor.
Preferably, the fire smoke exhaust structure is composed of an emergency smoke exhaust pipe, a suction fan and an outer exhaust pipe, the suction fan is installed at the port of the emergency smoke exhaust pipe, the emergency smoke exhaust pipe is a right-angle bent pipe, and the outer exhaust pipe penetrates through the tunnel main body and the tunnel inner layer to be arranged.
Preferably, the positioning structure comprises a front panel, a spring, a ferromagnetic positioning block and an electromagnet, the front panel is installed at the front end of the sliding seat, the spring and the ferromagnetic positioning block are installed in a sliding groove of the front panel, and the electromagnet is located above the spring.
A control method for a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises the following steps:
s1: (without dangerous case exhaust ventilation) the conventional automobile exhaust and other smoke is sent into the main ventilation cavity through the axial flow fan, and fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan in the main ventilation cavity guides the smoke, one-way airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity, the fresh air continuously enters, the waste gas continuously discharges, the emergency smoke discharge channel is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire occurs, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, and the auxiliary smoke discharge effect is achieved;
s2: when an emergency fire dangerous situation occurs, the smoke sensor senses smoke concentration and determines the fire occurrence place, so that the motor in the sliding seat is started to drive the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear rotates along the toothed plate, acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat to move on the guide rail, automatic movement is performed, and the sliding seat with the fire smoke exhaust structure is concentrated to the position close to the fire occurrence place as far as possible;
s3: (cooling of discharging fume) when conflagration smoke exhaust structure is gathered the conflagration and takes place the position, a plurality of conflagration smoke exhaust structure work together, conflagration smoke exhaust structure mainly produces the air current through the suction fan, it enters into the urgent pipe of discharging fume to drive the conflagration flue gas, and discharge to the external world through outer tub of discharging fume, cooperation main ventilation chamber, the quick discharge of conflagration smog has been carried out, the safe time of fleing in tunnel has effectively been increased, and the drinking-water pipe can be followed the rainwater of taking out storage at ordinary times in the rainwater groove, discharge it into the tunnel space from the play basin, thereby play the effect of cooling, and can supply the people to use, further improve the probability of.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, a ventilation and smoke exhaust structure with a main ventilation cavity and an emergency smoke exhaust channel which are independent and coexisting is adopted, and a self-sensing gathering type fire smoke exhaust structure is arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel and is driven by a driving structure with a smoke concentration trend function, the emergency smoke exhaust channel is used as a natural ventilation channel to perform auxiliary ventilation under the condition of no danger, and when a fire occurs, the fire smoke exhaust structure is rapidly and intensively sent to a fire occurrence position through gathering type movement of a sliding seat, so that fire smoke is rapidly exhausted, and the safe escape time of a tunnel is effectively prolonged;
2. according to the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system control method, the main ventilation cavity and the emergency smoke exhaust channel can be reasonably distributed, the main ventilation cavity and the emergency smoke exhaust channel adopt independent and autonomous working modes, resources are saved, a fire smoke exhaust structure in the emergency smoke exhaust channel is dispersed at ordinary times, and gathering type working is carried out when a fire occurs, so that smoke exhaust work is concentrated at the position where the fire occurs, and the situation of idle waste is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tunnel structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tunnel cross-sectional structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mobile fume extractor structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the area a in fig. 2.
In the figure: the tunnel comprises a tunnel main body 1, a tunnel inner layer 2, a partition plate 3, a main ventilation cavity 4, an axial flow fan 5, a jet flow fan 6, an emergency smoke exhaust channel 7, a grid 8, a guide rail 9, a toothed plate 10, a guide seat 11, a sliding seat 12, a driving gear 13, a smoke sensor 14, an emergency smoke exhaust pipe 15, a suction fan 16, an outer discharge pipe 17, a positioning seat 18, a positioning groove 19, a front panel 20, a spring 21, a ferromagnetic positioning block 22, an electromagnet 23, a rainwater groove 24, a water pumping pipe 25 and a water outlet groove 26.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises a tunnel main body 1, a tunnel inner layer 2 and a main ventilation cavity 4, wherein the tunnel inner layer 2 is arranged on the inner side of the tunnel main body 1, a smoke exhaust channel is formed by a gap between the tunnel inner layer 2 and the tunnel main body 1, the main ventilation cavity 4 and an emergency ventilation cavity are formed by a partition plate 3 between the tunnel inner layer 2 and the tunnel main body 1, an axial flow fan 5 is fixedly arranged on the tunnel inner layer 2, a jet flow fan 6 is fixedly arranged in the main ventilation cavity 4, an emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 is fixedly arranged between the tunnel main body 1 and the tunnel inner layer 2, a grid 8 is arranged on the tunnel inner layer 2, a guide rail 9 is fixedly arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7, a toothed plate 10 is fixedly arranged on the guide rail 9, a slide seat 12 is arranged on the guide rail 9 through a driving structure with a smoke concentration trend function, an aggregation type fire smoke exhaust structure is fixedly arranged on the slide, and the positioning seat 18 is provided with a positioning slot 19, and the slide carriage 12 is provided with a positioning structure with a magnetic attraction unlocking function.
The axial flow fan 5 is vertically arranged at the top of the tunnel inner layer 2, the axial flow fan 5 is communicated with the tunnel space and the main ventilation cavity 4, the jet flow fan 6 is horizontally arranged in the main ventilation cavity 4, the main ventilation cavity 4 adopts a structure with openings at two sides, the tunnel inner layer 2 and the tunnel main body 1 form a tunnel basic structure, conventional smoke such as automobile exhaust and the like is sent into the main ventilation cavity 4 through the axial flow fan 5, fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan 6 in the main ventilation cavity 4 conducts smoke guide, one-way airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity 4, the fresh air continuously enters, and waste gas is continuously discharged;
the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 is of a civil structure and is communicated with the tunnel space through a grid 8, a rainwater recycling structure is arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 and consists of a rainwater groove 24, a water pumping pipe 25 and a water outlet groove 26, a main pipe of the water pumping pipe 25 is connected with a water pump, a branch pipe of the water pumping pipe 25 is communicated with the water outlet groove 26, the water outlet groove 26 is arranged on the inner layer 2 of the tunnel, the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 is used as a natural ventilation channel when a fire disaster does not happen, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, the auxiliary smoke exhaust effect is achieved, the emergency smoke exhaust function in the emergency smoke exhaust channel is started when the fire disaster happens, the water pumping pipe 25 can pump out the stored rainwater from the rainwater groove 24 at ordinary times and discharge the rainwater from the water outlet groove 26 into the tunnel space, the temperature reduction effect is achieved, the emergency smoke exhaust channel can be;
the guide rail 9 is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7, the toothed plate 10 is arranged on the side face of the guide rail 9, the toothed plate 10 is of a long rack type structure, the driving structure comprises a guide seat 11, a driving gear 13 and a smoke sensor 14, and the guide rail 9 and the toothed plate 10 on the guide rail form a horizontal guiding structure;
the guide seat 11 is connected in a sliding groove of the guide rail 9, the driving gear 13 is meshed with and mounted on the toothed plate 10, the driving gear 13 is driven by a positive and negative motor, the smoke sensor 14 is a particle concentration detection sensor, when an emergency fire disaster dangerous situation occurs, the smoke sensor 14 senses the smoke concentration and determines the fire disaster occurrence place, so that the motor in the sliding seat 12 is started to drive the driving gear 13 to rotate, the driving gear 13 rotates along the toothed plate 10, acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat 12 to move on the guide rail 9, automatic movement is achieved, and the sliding seat 12 with a fire disaster smoke exhaust structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster occurrence place as far as possible;
the fire smoke exhausting structure is composed of an emergency smoke exhausting pipe 15, a suction fan 16 and an outer exhaust pipe 17, wherein the suction fan 16 is installed at the end opening of the emergency smoke exhausting pipe 15, the emergency smoke exhausting pipe 15 is a right-angle bent pipe, the outer exhaust pipe 17 penetrates through the tunnel main body 1 and the tunnel inner layer 2 to be arranged, when the fire smoke exhausting structure is gathered to a fire occurrence position, a plurality of fire smoke exhausting structures work together, the fire smoke exhausting structure mainly generates air flow through the suction fan 16 to drive fire smoke to enter the emergency smoke exhausting pipe 15 and to be exhausted to the outside through the outer exhaust pipe 17, and the fire smoke exhausting structure is matched with the main ventilation cavity 4 to quickly exhaust the fire smoke, so that the safe escape time of the tunnel is effectively prolonged;
the positioning structure comprises a front panel 20, a spring 21, a ferromagnetic positioning block 22 and an electromagnet 23, wherein the front panel 20 is installed at the front end of the sliding base 12, the spring 21 and the ferromagnetic positioning block 22 are installed in a sliding groove of the front panel 20, the electromagnet 23 is positioned above the spring 21, under the condition of normal fire hazard, each sliding base 12 is provided with a number, and a matched positioning base 18 is arranged, the sliding base 12 and a fire hazard smoke exhaust structure on the sliding base 12 can be positioned and fixed by inserting the ferromagnetic positioning block 22 into the positioning groove 19, the structure is prevented from being disordered due to accidental movement, when a fire hazard occurs, the electromagnet 23 is electrified, magnetic force is generated to act on the spring 21 and the ferromagnetic positioning block 22, the ferromagnetic positioning block 22 is sucked out from the positioning groove 19, the sliding base 12 has flexible activity, and the gathering of the fire hazard smoke exhaust structure can be.
A control method for a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises the following steps:
s1: (without dangerous case exhaust ventilation) the conventional automobile exhaust and other smoke is sent into the main ventilation cavity 4 through the axial flow fan 5, and fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan 6 in the main ventilation cavity 4 guides the smoke, a one-way airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity 4, the fresh air continuously enters, the waste gas is continuously discharged, the emergency smoke discharge channel 7 is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire occurs, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, and the auxiliary smoke discharge effect is achieved;
s2: when an emergency fire dangerous situation occurs, the smoke sensor 14 senses smoke concentration and determines the fire occurrence place, so that a motor in the sliding seat 12 is started to drive the driving gear 13 to rotate, the driving gear 13 rotates along the toothed plate 10, acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat 12 to move on the guide rail 9, automatic movement is performed, and the sliding seat 12 with a fire smoke exhaust structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire occurrence place as far as possible;
s3: (smoke and cool down) when conflagration smoke exhaust structure is gathered the conflagration emergence position, a plurality of conflagration smoke exhaust structure work together, conflagration smoke exhaust structure mainly produces the air current through suction fan 16, it enters into emergency exhaust pipe 15 to drive conflagration flue gas, and discharge to the external world through outer calandria 17, cooperation main ventilation chamber 4, the quick discharge of conflagration smog has been carried out, the safe time of fleing in tunnel has effectively been increased, and drinking-water pipe 25 can be followed rainwater groove 24 and taken out the rainwater of storing at ordinary times, discharge it into the tunnel space from play basin 26, thereby play the effect of cooling, and can supply people to use, further improve the probability of fleing.
The working principle is as follows: firstly, the tunnel inner layer 2 and the tunnel main body 1 form a tunnel foundation structure, smoke such as conventional automobile exhaust and the like is sent into the main ventilation cavity 4 through the axial flow fan 5, and fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, smoke guiding is carried out by the jet flow fan 6 in the main ventilation cavity 4, one-way airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity 4, the fresh air continuously enters, waste gas is continuously discharged, the emergency smoke discharge channel 7 is used as a natural ventilation channel when fire hazard does not occur, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, the effect of auxiliary smoke discharge is achieved, the emergency smoke discharge function in the emergency smoke discharge channel is started when fire hazard occurs, the water pumping pipe 25 in the emergency smoke discharge channel can pump out normally stored rainwater from the rainwater groove 24 and discharge the rainwater into the tunnel space from the water outlet groove 26, so that the effect of temperature reduction is achieved, the emergency smoke discharge channel can be used by people, the escape probability is improved, and meanwhile, the guide rail 9 in the emergency smoke discharge channel 7 and the toothed plate 10 on, when an emergency fire disaster happens, the smoke sensor 14 senses smoke concentration and determines the fire disaster place, so that the motor in the sliding seat 12 is started to drive the driving gear 13 to rotate, the driving gear 13 rotates along the toothed plate 10, acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat 12 to move on the guide rail 9, and automatic movement is performed, the sliding seat 12 with the fire disaster smoke exhausting structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster place as far as possible, when the fire disaster smoke exhausting structure is gathered to the fire disaster place, a plurality of fire disaster smoke exhausting structures work together, the fire disaster smoke exhausting structure mainly generates air flow through the suction fan 16 to drive fire disaster smoke to enter the emergency smoke exhausting pipe 15 and exhaust the fire disaster smoke to the outside through the outer exhaust pipe 17, and the rapid discharge of the fire disaster smoke is performed by matching with the main ventilation cavity 4, the safe escape time of a tunnel is effectively increased, and under the condition of no fire disaster, every slide 12 all is provided with the serial number to and supporting positioning seat 18 thereof, peg graft into constant head tank 19 through ferromagnetic locating piece 22, can carry out slide 12 and the location of fire smoke exhausting structure on it fixed, prevent that the unexpected activity of structure from producing the confusion, and when the conflagration takes place, then energize electromagnet 23, produce magnetic force and act on spring 21 and ferromagnetic locating piece 22, with ferromagnetic locating piece 22 suction from constant head tank 19, make slide 12 have nimble moving property, can accomplish the gathering of fire smoke exhausting structure.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel ventilation system of discharging fume, includes tunnel main part (1), tunnel inlayer (2) and main ventilation chamber (4), its characterized in that: the tunnel inner layer (2) is arranged on the inner side of the tunnel main body (1), a smoke exhaust channel is formed between the tunnel inner layer (2) and the tunnel main body (1) through a gap formed between the tunnel inner layer and the tunnel main body, a main ventilation cavity (4) and an emergency ventilation cavity are formed between the tunnel inner layer (2) and the tunnel main body (1) through a partition plate (3), an axial flow fan (5) is fixedly installed on the tunnel inner layer (2), a jet flow fan (6) is fixedly installed in the main ventilation cavity (4), an emergency smoke exhaust channel (7) is fixedly installed between the tunnel main body (1) and the tunnel inner layer (2), a grid (8) is arranged on the tunnel inner layer (2), a guide rail (9) is fixedly installed in the emergency smoke exhaust channel (7), a toothed plate (10) is fixedly installed on the guide rail (9), a sliding seat (12) is installed on the guide rail (9) through a driving structure with a smoke concentration trend function, and a, a positioning seat (18) is fixedly arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel (7), a positioning groove (19) is formed in the positioning seat (18), and a positioning structure with a magnetic attraction unlocking function is arranged on the sliding seat (12).
2. The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein: the jet flow fan is characterized in that the axial flow fan (5) is vertically installed at the top of the tunnel inner layer (2), the axial flow fan (5) is communicated with the tunnel space and the main ventilation cavity (4), the jet flow fan (6) is horizontally arranged and installed in the main ventilation cavity (4), and the main ventilation cavity (4) is of a structure with openings on two sides.
3. The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein: urgent smoke exhaust passage (7) are the civil engineering structure, through grid (8) and tunnel space intercommunication, and are provided with rainwater recycle structure in urgent smoke exhaust passage (7), constitute by rainwater groove (24), drinking-water pipe (25), basin (26), be connected with the water pump on drinking-water pipe (25) the trunk line, and the branch pipe and the basin (26) intercommunication of drinking-water pipe (25), basin (26) set up on tunnel inlayer (2).
4. The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein: guide rail (9) horizontal installation is on the inner wall of urgent smoke exhaust passage (7), and pinion rack (10) install the side at guide rail (9), pinion rack (10) are long rack formula structure, and drive structure including guide holder (11), drive gear (13) and smoke transducer (14).
5. The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system of claim 4, wherein: guide holder (11) are connected in the spout of guide rail (9), and drive gear (13) meshing is installed on pinion rack (10), and drive gear (13) are through positive and negative motor drive, smoke transducer (14) are particle concentration detection sensor.
6. The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein: conflagration smoke exhaust structure is by promptly discharging fume pipe (15), suction fan (16) and outer tub (17) of discharging fume, suction fan (16) are installed on the port of promptly discharging fume pipe (15), and promptly discharge fume pipe (15) and be the right angle bending pipe, outer tub of (17) run through tunnel main part (1) and tunnel inlayer (2) and set up.
7. The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning structure comprises a front panel (20), a spring (21), a ferromagnetic positioning block (22) and an electromagnet (23), wherein the front panel (20) is installed at the front end of the sliding seat (12), the spring (21) and the ferromagnetic positioning block (22) are installed in a sliding groove of the front panel (20), and the electromagnet (23) is located above the spring (21).
8. A method of controlling a tunnel ventilation and smoke evacuation system according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the method comprises the steps of:
s1: (without dangerous case exhaust ventilation) sending the conventional smoke such as automobile exhaust into the main ventilation cavity (4) through the axial flow fan (5), and sending fresh air into the tunnel space, while the jet fan (6) in the main ventilation cavity (4) guides the smoke, a one-way airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity (4), the fresh air continuously enters, the waste gas continuously discharges, the emergency smoke discharge channel (7) is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire occurs, and automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, so that the auxiliary smoke discharge effect is achieved;
s2: when a fire disaster position is determined and gathered, the smoke sensor (14) senses smoke concentration and determines a fire disaster place when an emergency fire disaster dangerous situation occurs, so that a motor in a sliding seat (12) is started to drive a driving gear (13) to rotate, the driving gear (13) rotates along a toothed plate (10), acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat (12) to move on a guide rail (9), automatic adjustment is performed, and the sliding seat (12) with a fire disaster smoke exhausting structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster place as far as possible;
s3: (smoke and cool down) when conflagration smoke exhaust structure by gathering when the conflagration emergence position, a plurality of conflagration smoke exhaust structure work together, conflagration smoke exhaust structure mainly produces the air current through suction fan (16), it enters into urgent smoke exhaust pipe (15) to drive conflagration flue gas, and discharge to the external world through outer calandria (17), cooperation main ventilation chamber (4), the quick discharge of conflagration smog has been carried out, the safe time of fleing in tunnel has effectively been increased, and drinking-water pipe (25) can be followed rainwater groove (24) and taken out the rainwater of storing at ordinary times, discharge it into in the tunnel space from basin (26), thereby play the effect of cooling, and can supply the people to use, further improve the probability of fleing.
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| CN202110424522.4A CN113107568B (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113719310A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-30 | 江苏利丰空调科技有限公司 | Tunnel jet fan with fire centralized treatment function |
| CN113982668A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Follow-up type system and method for pumping and exhausting harmful gas in tunnel |
| CN114622947A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-14 | 重庆交通大学 | Submarine immersed tube tunnel fire lateral uniform smoke discharge and auxiliary fire fighting device |
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| CN113982668A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Follow-up type system and method for pumping and exhausting harmful gas in tunnel |
| CN114622947A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-14 | 重庆交通大学 | Submarine immersed tube tunnel fire lateral uniform smoke discharge and auxiliary fire fighting device |
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| CN113107568B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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