CN111720151A - Tunnel structure with rectangular cross section - Google Patents
Tunnel structure with rectangular cross section Download PDFInfo
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- CN111720151A CN111720151A CN202010521601.2A CN202010521601A CN111720151A CN 111720151 A CN111720151 A CN 111720151A CN 202010521601 A CN202010521601 A CN 202010521601A CN 111720151 A CN111720151 A CN 111720151A
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- transverse
- pipe
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 301
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004722 stifle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/04—Air ducts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/04—Distributing means for power supply in mines
- E21F17/06—Distributing electric power; Cable networks; Conduits for cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust, in particular to a tunnel structure with a rectangular cross section. The tunnel structure comprises a vehicle tunnel, a pipe gallery, a tunnel machine room, a smoke exhaust air shaft and a tunnel smoke exhaust system; the pipe gallery comprises a smoke exhaust air duct and a cable channel; a detachable fireproof plate is arranged at the bottom of the cable channel; the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a plurality of transverse smoke exhaust pipes, smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices, a wind shaft end smoke exhaust device and a control device, wherein the smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices correspond to the transverse smoke exhaust pipes one by one; the transverse smoke exhaust pipes are arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle tunnel; the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device is arranged in the smoke exhaust air duct and communicated with the corresponding smoke outlet. This tunnel structure can reduce the construction degree of difficulty and construction cost to can improve smoke exhaust efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust, in particular to a tunnel structure with a rectangular cross section.
Background
The existing ultra-long underwater tunnel has the characteristics of long distance, large section, high fire hazard risk and the like, and brings great difficulty to the arrangement of a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system. The ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the super-long underwater tunnel usually adopts a key smoke exhaust mode. The tunnel cross section generally adopts the structure of a diplopore piping lane, and the diplopore hole is the tunnel of driving, and middle piping lane is divided into the four layers from last to down, is smoke exhaust duct, cable channel, escape way and electromechanical device space and piping arrangement space in proper order. Meanwhile, the arrangement of various professional equipment chambers and pipelines in the cross section of a reserved and pre-buried personnel evacuation channel is considered in the key smoke exhaust system. The rationality of the tunnel cross section structure directly influences the smoke exhaust effect of the key smoke exhaust system.
The existing tunnel forms a concrete smoke exhaust air channel at the top of the vehicle tunnel in a secondary building mode, and the construction difficulty is high and the civil engineering cost is increased due to the fact that the height of a tunnel top plate needs to be raised when the concrete smoke exhaust air channel is poured; simultaneously, the cable channel in the piping lane also adopts concrete structure to form, and the installation of cable channel is overhauld the high requirement and is not less than 1.8m, equally needs to increase the tunnel height, leads to increaseing the problem of tunnel construction cost.
In conclusion, the existing tunnel has the problems of high construction difficulty and high construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a cross section is the tunnel structure of rectangle, and this tunnel structure can reduce the construction degree of difficulty and construction cost to can improve smoke exhaust efficiency.
The embodiment of the application provides a tunnel structure with a rectangular cross section, which comprises a vehicle tunnel, a pipe gallery, a tunnel machine room, a smoke exhaust air shaft and a tunnel smoke exhaust system; the pipe gallery comprises a smoke exhaust air duct at the top and a cable channel adjacent to the bottom of the smoke exhaust air duct; a detachable fireproof plate is arranged at the bottom of the cable channel;
the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a plurality of transverse smoke exhaust pipes, smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices, a wind shaft end smoke exhaust device and a control device, wherein the smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices correspond to the transverse smoke exhaust pipes one by one;
the plurality of transverse smoke exhaust pipes are arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle tunnel; the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is arranged along the width direction of the vehicle tunnel, one end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is closed, the other end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a smoke outlet communicated with the smoke exhaust air channel, and the bottom of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets;
the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device is arranged in the smoke exhaust air duct and is communicated with the corresponding smoke outlet;
the air shaft end smoke exhaust device is fixedly arranged in the tunnel machine room communicated with the smoke exhaust air shaft and the smoke exhaust air channel;
the control device controls the opening and closing of the smoke discharging efficiency improving device and the air shaft end smoke discharging device.
Preferably, the cable channel is separated from the smoke evacuation duct by a concrete slab;
a light steel keel hanger is hung at the bottom of the concrete slab through a hanger rod, and two sides of the light steel keel hanger are fixedly installed on a partition wall between the vehicle tunnel and the pipe gallery;
the fireproof plate is clamped on the light steel keel hanging frame.
Preferably, the transverse smoke exhaust pipes are hoisted to the top of the vehicle tunnel at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent transverse smoke exhaust pipes is 10-150 m;
the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe is a metal circular air pipe, and smoke exhaust ports which correspond to each lane in the vehicle tunnel one by one are arranged at the bottom of the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe.
Preferably, through holes corresponding to the transverse smoke exhaust pipes one to one are formed in a partition wall between the smoke exhaust duct and the vehicle tunnel, a normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve is installed in each through hole, and the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the transverse smoke exhaust pipe and the smoke exhaust duct;
the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve is connected with the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device in series, and the control device performs interlocking control on the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device;
and one end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe facing the smoke exhaust air duct is hermetically arranged on the partition wall.
Preferably, the smoke evacuation efficiency improving device is fixedly installed on a reinforced concrete base in the smoke evacuation air duct through a vibration reduction bracket and a fastener, and comprises a casing, an impeller and a motor;
the impeller is rotatably arranged in the shell;
the motor is in transmission connection with the impeller and is used for driving the impeller to rotate;
one end of the shell is fixedly arranged on the partition wall and is opposite to the through hole.
Preferably, the air shaft end smoke exhaust device comprises a tunnel smoke exhaust fan used for conveying smoke in the smoke exhaust air duct to the smoke exhaust air shaft.
Preferably, the fire detection device also comprises a plurality of fire detection devices fixedly arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel;
the fire detection device is in signal connection with the control device and is used for sending the detected fire signal and the position information of fire occurrence to the control device;
and the control device controls the smoke discharging efficiency improving device at the corresponding position to be opened according to the received fire signal and the position information, and controls the smoke discharging device at the air shaft end to be opened at the same time.
Preferably, the bottom of the pipe gallery is a ditch, and a concrete cover plate is covered at the top of the ditch;
a safety channel is enclosed between the fireproof plate and the concrete cover plate;
a concave electromechanical equipment chamber is arranged on the partition wall in the safety channel;
the control device is installed in the electromechanical device chamber.
Preferably, fire hydrant pipes extending along the length direction of the tunnel are laid in the ditches;
a plurality of fire hydrant boxes are arranged on one side of the partition wall facing the vehicle tunnel; along the length direction of the vehicle-running tunnel, the distance between the adjacent fire hydrant boxes is 40-50 m;
the fire hydrant box is communicated with the fire hydrant pipe.
Preferably, a water spray pipe and a fire fighting foam pipe which extend along the length direction of the tunnel are laid in the ditch;
a foam water spray nozzle and a foam water spray box are fixedly arranged on one side of the partition wall facing the running tunnel;
the foam water spray tank is communicated with the foam water spray nozzle, the water spray pipe and the fire-fighting foam pipe.
Preferably, along the length direction of the running tunnel, the distance between the adjacent foamed water spray nozzles is 10-14 m, and the distance between the adjacent foamed water spray boxes is 40-50 m.
Preferably, the system further comprises an anemorumbometer (anemorumbometer), a CO/VI detector, a camera, a lane indicator and a variable information board which are arranged in the vehicle tunnel, wherein the anemorumbometer (anemorumbometer), the CO/VI detector, the camera, the lane indicator and the variable information board are in signal connection with a control device.
Preferably, the height of the cable channel is 900mm to 1000 mm.
Preferably, the width of the fire prevention plate is 1.8m to 6m, and the length is 1m to 3 m.
Adopt the cross section that provides in this application embodiment to be rectangular tunnel structure, have following beneficial effect:
the cross section of the tunnel structure is rectangular, the transverse smoke exhaust pipes are mounted at the top of the tunnel in a vehicle running mode, the smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices which are in one-to-one correspondence are arranged at one ends of the transverse smoke exhaust pipes, a concrete smoke exhaust air channel which is formed at the top of the tunnel in the vehicle running mode in the prior art is omitted, the transverse smoke exhaust pipes have the characteristics of easiness in mounting and low construction cost, and the flow speed of smoke in the transverse smoke exhaust pipes can be improved through the smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices, so that the smoke exhaust efficiency is improved; simultaneously, adopt the detachable PLASTIC LAMINATED to replace the concrete structure among the prior art in cable channel's bottom, the PLASTIC LAMINATED can carry out the dismouting according to actual need, can demolish the PLASTIC LAMINATED that corresponds the position when overhauing the equipment in the cable channel to enlarge and overhaul the space, the PLASTIC LAMINATED can also be carried out the fire prevention and is separated, has solved the not enough and difficult problem of fire prevention cutting apart of overhaul space that current cable channel exists. Therefore, by adopting the tunnel structure, the construction difficulty can be reduced, the construction cost can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the smoke exhaust efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a tunnel structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a tunnel structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a cable channel of the tunnel structure provided in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged structural schematic view of a tube lane portion of the tunnel structure provided in fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
1-driving a tunnel; 2-pipe gallery; 3-partition wall; 4-transverse smoke exhaust pipe; 5-smoke discharging efficiency improving device; 6-normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve; 7-fire hydrant pipe; 8-fire hydrant box; 9-water spray pipes; 10-fire fighting foam pipe; 11-foam water spray head; 12-foam water spray tank; 13-lane indicators; 14-variable information board; 15-a camera; 16-a control box; 21-a smoke exhaust duct; 22-cable channel; 23-a fire protection plate; 24-a concrete slab; 25-a light steel keel hanger; 26-ditch; 27-concrete cover plate; 28-secure channel; 41-smoke inlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following further detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The embodiment of the application provides a tunnel structure with a rectangular cross section, which is shown in the structures of fig. 1 and 2 and is different in cross section, and the tunnel structure comprises a vehicle tunnel 1, a pipe gallery 2, a partition wall 3, a tunnel machine room (not shown), a smoke exhaust air shaft (not shown) and a tunnel smoke exhaust system; as shown in the structure of fig. 1 and 2, the tunnel structure includes two side-by-side traffic tunnels 1, a pipe gallery 2 is sandwiched between the two traffic tunnels 1, the traffic tunnels 1 and the pipe gallery 2 are separated by a partition wall 3, and each traffic tunnel 1 may be provided with two lanes, three lanes or multiple lanes side by side; as shown in the structures of fig. 3 and 4, the pipe gallery 2 includes a smoke evacuation duct 21 at the top and a cable channel 22 adjacent to the bottom of the smoke evacuation duct 21, and the pipe gallery 2 may further include a safety channel 28 and a gutter 26 disposed at the lower side of the cable channel 22, and the gutter 26 is located at the bottommost part of the pipe gallery 2; the height of the cable channel 22 may be 900mm to 1000mm, such as: 900mm, 930mm, 950mm, 960mm, 980mm, 1000 mm; a detachable fireproof plate 23 is arranged at the bottom of the cable channel 22; the width of the fire-proof plate 23 may be 1.8m to 6m, such as: 1.8m, 2m, 2.5m, 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, and may be 1m to 3m in length, such as: 1m, 1.5m, 2m, 2.5m, 3 m; the cable channel 22 and the smoke exhaust duct 21 are separated by a concrete slab 24; the cable channel 22 is separated from the safety channel 28 by the fireproof plate 23; the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a plurality of transverse smoke exhaust pipes 4, smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices 5 corresponding to the transverse smoke exhaust pipes 4 one by one, a wind shaft end smoke exhaust device and a control device (not shown in the figure); the plurality of transverse smoke exhaust pipes 4 are arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel 1 at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle tunnel 1; the arrangement position and the arrangement number of the transverse smoke exhaust pipes 4 can be determined according to actual needs, so as to meet the requirements of design indexes; the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 is arranged along the width direction of the vehicle tunnel 1, one end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is closed, the other end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a smoke outlet communicated with the smoke exhaust air duct 21, and the bottom of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets 41; the length of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 can be equal to the width of the vehicle tunnel 1 or slightly shorter than the width of the vehicle tunnel 1, smoke is sucked from the vehicle tunnel 1 through a smoke inlet 41 arranged at the bottom, and is exhausted into a smoke exhaust air channel 21 at the top of the pipe gallery 2 through the other end; the smoke discharging efficiency improving device 5 is arranged in the smoke discharging air flue 21, is communicated with the corresponding smoke outlet and is used for sucking smoke in the vehicle tunnel 1 into the smoke discharging air flue 21 through the transverse smoke discharging pipe 4; the smoke discharging efficiency improving device 5 provides power for the smoke to enter the transverse smoke discharging pipe 4 and the smoke discharging air flue 21, and the flow of the smoke is accelerated; the air shaft end smoke exhaust device is fixedly arranged in a tunnel machine room communicated with the smoke exhaust air shaft and the smoke exhaust air duct 21; the air shaft end smoke exhaust device is communicated with the smoke exhaust duct 21 and is used for exhausting smoke in the smoke exhaust duct 21 to the atmosphere; the air shaft end smoke exhaust devices can be arranged at two end parts and/or the middle part of the tunnel, the arrangement positions and the arrangement quantity of the air shaft end smoke exhaust devices can be set according to actual needs, and smoke entering the smoke exhaust duct 21 through the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 is exhausted out of the vehicle tunnel 1 through the air shaft end smoke exhaust devices so as to reduce the smoke concentration in the vehicle tunnel 1 and improve the life safety of people in the vehicle tunnel 1; the control device controls the on-off of the smoke discharging efficiency improving device 5 and the air shaft end smoke discharging device; the control device can comprise control cabinets respectively corresponding to the smoke discharging efficiency improving device 5 and the air shaft end smoke discharging device, the control cabinets can be directly arranged outside the tunnel, and can also be arranged in an electromechanical equipment chamber (not shown in the figure) on the inner partition wall 3 of the safety channel 28, so that the opening and closing of the tunnel smoke discharging system are controlled, and the automatic opening and closing of the tunnel smoke discharging system can also be realized through intelligent equipment.
The tunnel structure is characterized in that the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 is arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel 1, the smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices 5 which are in one-to-one correspondence are arranged at one end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4, a concrete smoke exhaust air channel 21 which is formed at the top of the vehicle tunnel 1 in a secondary building mode in the prior art is eliminated, and the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 has the characteristics of easiness in installation and low construction cost; the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 is transversely arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel 1, so that the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 can cover each lane, smoke generated on each lane is sucked through the plurality of smoke inlets 41 arranged at the bottom of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4, power can be provided for the smoke entering the smoke exhaust air duct 21 through the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 under the action of the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5, the smoke in the vehicle tunnel 1 can enter the smoke exhaust air duct 21 in an accelerated manner, the smoke exhaust amount is increased, the smoke exhaust speed is improved, and the smoke exhaust efficiency is improved; simultaneously, adopt detachable PLASTIC LAMINATED 23 to replace the concrete structure among the prior art in cable channel 22's bottom, PLASTIC LAMINATED 23 can carry out the dismouting according to actual need, can demolish the PLASTIC LAMINATED 23 that corresponds the position when overhauing the equipment in cable channel 22, thereby enlarge and overhaul the space, can reduce cable channel 22's height, the PLASTIC LAMINATED 23 can also carry out the fire prevention and separate, the difficult problem that the maintenance space that has solved current cable channel 22 exists is not enough and the fire prevention is cut apart. Therefore, by adopting the tunnel structure, the construction difficulty can be reduced, the construction cost can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the smoke exhaust efficiency can be improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in the structure of fig. 3 and 4, the cable channel 22 is separated from the smoke evacuation duct 21 by a concrete slab 24; the concrete plate 24 may be integrated with the partition wall 3, i.e., the concrete plate 24 is cast together with the partition wall 3; a light steel keel hanger 25 is hung at the bottom of the concrete slab 24 through a hanging rod, and two sides of the light steel keel hanger 25 are fixedly arranged on a partition wall 3 between the vehicle tunnel 1 and the pipe gallery 2; opposite edge-closing corners can be fixedly arranged on the partition wall 3, and two sides of the light steel keel hanger 25 can be fixedly arranged on the edge-closing corners, so that the light steel keel hanger 25 is fixedly arranged on the partition wall 3; the fireproof plate 23 is clamped on the light steel keel hanger 25. The fire shield 23 may overlap a bracket formed by a light steel keel hanger 25.
Since the fire-proof plate 23 is mounted on the light steel keel hanger 25, it is also beneficial to prevent fire and damage to the cable channel 22 due to fire under the effect of separating the cable channel 22 from the safety channel 28.
In order to guarantee that whole driving tunnel 1 is inside all everywhere to have the same smoke exhausting effect, transversely discharge fume pipe 4 and hoist in driving tunnel 1's top equally spaced ground to interval between two adjacent transversely discharge fume pipes 4 is 10m ~ 150m, if: 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m, 50m, 60m, 70m, 80m, 90m, 100m, 110m, 120m, 130m, 140m, 150 m; the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 is a metal circular air pipe, and smoke exhaust ports which correspond to each lane in the vehicle tunnel 1 one by one are arranged at the bottom of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4. In the actual production and manufacturing process, the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 can be a metal circular air pipe or a rectangular air pipe and is arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel 1 through a fixed hanging bracket; as shown in the structure of fig. 1 and 2, three lanes are provided in the vehicle tunnel 1, a smoke inlet 41 is provided at the top of each lane, and the smoke in the vehicle tunnel 1 can enter the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 through the smoke inlet 41 and finally is discharged out of the tunnel through the smoke exhaust duct 21 and the smoke exhaust shaft.
As shown in the structures of fig. 1 and 4, through holes (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the transverse smoke exhaust pipes 4 one by one are formed in the partition wall 3 between the smoke exhaust duct 21 and the tunnel 1 for communicating the transverse smoke exhaust pipes 4 with the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5; a normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 is arranged in each through hole, and the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 and the smoke exhaust duct 21; the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 is connected with the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5 in series, and the control device carries out interlocking control on the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5; one end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 facing the smoke exhaust duct 21 is hermetically arranged on the partition wall 3, and refractory mineral wool and fireproof sealant can be arranged between the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 and the partition wall 3. In order to control the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5 conveniently, a normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve control box (not shown in the figure) and a smoke exhaust efficiency improving device control box (not shown in the figure) can be installed on the side wall of the middle pipe gallery 2, namely, the partition wall 3, and the control cable is connected to the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5 through a sleeve pipe reserved in the partition wall 3. The embedded sleeves (not shown) in the partition wall 3 are bound on the steel bars by steel wires and are cast together with the partition wall 3.
The normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 is normally closed at ordinary times, and is opened in case of fire, namely, the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 is cut off between the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe 4 and the smoke exhaust duct 21 at ordinary times; when a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6 near the fire disaster can be controlled to be opened through the control device, and at the moment, the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 is communicated with the smoke exhaust duct 21; can provide power for the flue gas through smoke extraction efficiency hoisting device 5 to make the flue gas in the tunnel 1 that moves about pass through transversely discharge fume 4 pipe, the electronic smoke damper 6 of type of closing and smoke extraction efficiency hoisting device 5 get into in the wind channel 21 of discharging fume, discharge to the tunnel outside through air shaft end smoke extraction again. Through addding the electronic smoke damper 6 of normally closed type, can control the break-make of horizontal exhaust pipe 4 and exhaust flue 21 for the flue gas that gets into exhaust flue 21 can not get into other horizontal exhaust pipe 4 again and flow back in the tunnel, makes near the electronic smoke damper 6 of normally closed type that has the flue gas open simultaneously, improves the exhaust efficiency of air shaft end fume extractor, also can avoid taking place the potential safety hazard because of the other parts that the flue gas got into the tunnel.
Specifically, the smoke evacuation efficiency improving device 5 is fixedly mounted on a reinforced concrete base (not shown in the figure) in the smoke evacuation duct 21 through a vibration damping bracket and a fastener, and includes a casing (not shown in the figure), an impeller (not shown in the figure) and a motor (not shown in the figure); the impeller can be rotatably arranged in the shell; the motor is in transmission connection with the impeller and is used for driving the impeller to rotate; one end of the casing is fixedly arranged on the partition wall 3 and is opposite to the through hole.
When the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5 is started, the motor rotates and drives the impeller to rotate, smoke is pushed to enter the smoke exhaust air duct 21 from the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 through the rotation of the impeller, and the flow speed of the smoke in the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 is accelerated. The smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5 is arranged in the smoke exhaust duct 21, is consistent with the position and the number of the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6, and is connected in series to form a one-to-one corresponding interlocking control relationship. The smoke exhaust efficiency lifting device 5 is installed in a floor mode, a foundation is arranged on a civil engineering smoke exhaust air duct 21 plate and is of a reinforced concrete structure, and the lifting device is connected with the foundation through a vibration damping frame, a fastening piece and a necessary connecting plate.
Further, the shaft end fume extractor includes a tunnel fume extractor for conveying the fumes in the fume extraction duct 21 to the fume extraction shaft. The tunnel smoke exhaust fan arranged in the tunnel machine room can be a one-way constant-speed fan which can resist high temperature of 280 ℃ for 1 h; according to the size of the smoke discharge amount, at least two tunnel smoke discharge fans can be arranged in each tunnel machine room, the at least two tunnel smoke discharge fans are connected in parallel or are mutually standby, the tunnel smoke discharge fans are closed at ordinary times, the power frequency is started in case of fire, the opening mode is determined according to the position of the fire point, and smoke is rapidly discharged. Can provide power for the flue gas in the wind channel 21 of discharging fume through the tunnel smoke exhaust fan who sets up in the tunnel computer lab, further accelerate the smoke exhaust efficiency of flue gas in the tunnel under the effect of smoke exhaust efficiency hoisting device 5.
In order to find out the fire in the driving tunnel 1 in time, the tunnel structure also comprises a plurality of fire detection devices fixedly arranged at the top of the driving tunnel 1; the fire detection device (not shown in the figure) can be a fire detector such as a flame detector, a smoke detector and the like, and is used for probing the environment in the tunnel so as to find out a fire; the fire detection device is in signal connection with the control device and is used for sending the detected fire signal and the position information of the fire occurrence to the control device; the control device controls the smoke discharging efficiency improving device 5 at the corresponding position to be opened according to the received fire signal and the position information, and simultaneously controls the smoke discharging device at the air shaft end to be opened.
Can survey the condition of a fire in the tunnel 1 of going through fire detection device to give controlling means with the fire signal transmission who detects, control smoke extraction efficiency hoisting device 5, wind shaft end fume extractor and the valve that corresponds through controlling means and open, thereby discharge the tunnel outside to the flue gas that the conflagration produced, stifle because of inhaling too much flue gas with the personnel that prevent in the tunnel, thereby personnel in the protection tunnel, and flee for the personnel in the tunnel and provide the guarantee.
As shown in the structure of fig. 1 and 4, the bottom of the pipe gallery 2 is a ditch 26, and a concrete cover plate 27 is covered on the top of the ditch 26; a safety channel 28 is enclosed between the fireproof plate 23 and the concrete cover plate 27; a concave electromechanical equipment chamber is arranged on the partition wall 3 in the safe passage 28, the control device is arranged in the electromechanical equipment chamber, the control device can comprise one or more control boxes 16, and the control boxes 16 can directly open and close electronic equipment such as the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5, the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve 6, the tunnel smoke exhaust fan and the like.
In order to extinguish fire in time when fire breaks out in the tunnel, as shown in the structure of fig. 1 and 4, fire hydrant pipes 7 extending along the length direction of the tunnel are paved in the ditches 26; a plurality of fire hydrant boxes 8 are arranged on one side of the partition wall 3 facing the running tunnel 1; along the length direction of the vehicle-running tunnel 1, the distance between the adjacent fire hydrant boxes 8 is 40 m-50 m, such as: 40m, 42m, 43m, 45m, 46m, 48m, 50 m; the hydrant box 8 is communicated with the hydrant pipe 7.
Meanwhile, in order to further improve the fire extinguishing speed, a water spray pipe 9 and a fire-fighting foam pipe 10 which extend along the length direction of the tunnel are laid in the ditch 26; a foam water spray nozzle 11 and a foam water spray tank 12 are fixedly arranged on one side of the partition wall 3 facing the running tunnel 1; the foam water spray tank 12 communicates with the foam water spray head 11, the water spray pipe 9, and the fire fighting foam pipe 10. The distance between the adjacent foam water spray nozzles 11 along the length direction of the running tunnel can be 10 m-14 m, such as: 10m, 11m, 12m, 13m, 14 m; the distance between adjacent foam water spray boxes 12 is 40m to 50m, such as: 40m, 42m, 43m, 45m, 46m, 48m, 50 m.
As shown in the structure of fig. 2, an anemorumbometer (not shown), a CO/VI detector (carbon monoxide and visibility detector), a camera 15, a lane indicator 13 and a variable information board 14 in the driving tunnel 1 are further installed in the tunnel, and the anemorumbometer (anemorumbometer), the CO/VI detector, the camera 15, the lane indicator 13 and the variable information board 14 are all in signal connection with a control device. The wind speed and direction detector can adopt a wind speed and direction indicator to detect the wind speed and direction in the tunnel; the CO/VI detector provides carbon monoxide and visibility detection values in the tunnel for the tunnel central control, and the detection values serve as basic bases for ventilation and operation. The condition in the tunnel can be monitored through the camera 15, and the camera 15 can also comprise a license plate recognition camera. As shown in the structure of fig. 2, a lane indicator 13 and a variable message sign 14 may be further disposed on the top of the tunnel, so that the lane indicator 13 may prompt a driver and a passenger, and the variable message sign 14 may display various information such as road conditions and temperature to prompt the driver and the passenger to pay attention. The lane indicator 13 may be a traffic light or the like. Variable intelligence panel 14 may be an electronic display screen.
The cables of the camera 15, the lane indicator 13, the variable information board 14 and the monitoring system are led out side by side from a cable channel junction box, are connected to an area control cabinet on the inner side of the vehicle tunnel 1 through a sleeve reserved in the partition wall 3, are laid upwards to the top of the tunnel from the control cabinet along an embedded sleeve in the partition wall 3, and are bound on a steel bar of the partition wall 3 through steel wires of the embedded sleeve, and are poured together with the partition wall 3. And arranging a junction box at the tail end point for leading out the branch line from the main cable. When the cable is laid upwards, the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5 need to be avoided. Cables of the wind speed and wind direction detector and the CO/VI detector are led out from a cable channel junction box side by side, and are connected to the partition wall detector through a sleeve reserved in the partition wall 3, and steel wires are bound on steel bars of the partition wall 3 through pre-buried sleeves and are poured together with the partition wall 3. The detector is positioned at the lower part of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5.
In order to provide illumination for the interior of the tunnel, a lamp for illumination can be further arranged in the vehicle tunnel 1, an illumination cable connected with the lamp is led out from a cable channel junction box, is connected to an illumination control cabinet (not shown in the figure) on the inner side of the vehicle tunnel 1 through a sleeve reserved in the partition wall 3, is laid to the top of the vehicle tunnel 1 from the illumination control cabinet along a pre-embedded pipe in the partition wall 3, and is bound on a steel bar of the partition wall 3 by a steel wire and is poured together with the partition wall 3; arranging a junction box at a lamp connection position for leading out a branch line from a main cable; when the cable is laid upwards, the transverse smoke exhaust pipe 4 and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device 5 need to be avoided.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (14)
1. A tunnel structure with a rectangular cross section comprises a vehicle tunnel, a pipe gallery, a tunnel machine room, a smoke exhaust air shaft and a tunnel smoke exhaust system; the pipe gallery comprises a smoke exhaust air duct at the top and a cable channel adjacent to the bottom of the smoke exhaust air duct; the fireproof cable channel is characterized in that a detachable fireproof plate is arranged at the bottom of the cable channel;
the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a plurality of transverse smoke exhaust pipes, smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices, a wind shaft end smoke exhaust device and a control device, wherein the smoke exhaust efficiency improving devices correspond to the transverse smoke exhaust pipes one by one;
the plurality of transverse smoke exhaust pipes are arranged at the top of the vehicle tunnel at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle tunnel; the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is arranged along the width direction of the vehicle tunnel, one end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is closed, the other end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a smoke outlet communicated with the smoke exhaust air channel, and the bottom of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets;
the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device is arranged in the smoke exhaust air duct and is communicated with the corresponding smoke outlet;
the air shaft end smoke exhaust device is fixedly arranged in the tunnel machine room communicated with the smoke exhaust air shaft and the smoke exhaust air channel;
the control device controls the opening and closing of the smoke discharging efficiency improving device and the air shaft end smoke discharging device.
2. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein the cable channel is separated from the smoke evacuation duct by a concrete slab;
a light steel keel hanger is hung at the bottom of the concrete slab through a hanger rod, and two sides of the light steel keel hanger are fixedly installed on a partition wall between the vehicle tunnel and the pipe gallery;
the fireproof plate is clamped on the light steel keel hanging frame.
3. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein the transverse smoke exhaust pipes are hung at equal intervals on the top of the vehicle tunnel, and the distance between two adjacent transverse smoke exhaust pipes is 10-150 m;
the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe is a metal circular air pipe, and smoke exhaust ports which correspond to each lane in the vehicle tunnel one by one are arranged at the bottom of the horizontal smoke exhaust pipe.
4. The tunnel structure according to claim 1, wherein through holes corresponding to the transverse smoke exhaust pipes one to one are formed in a partition wall between the smoke exhaust duct and the vehicle tunnel, and a normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve is installed in each through hole and used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the transverse smoke exhaust pipe and the smoke exhaust duct;
the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve is connected with the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device in series, and the control device performs interlocking control on the normally closed electric smoke exhaust valve and the smoke exhaust efficiency improving device;
and one end of the transverse smoke exhaust pipe facing the smoke exhaust air duct is hermetically arranged on the partition wall.
5. The tunnel structure of claim 4, wherein the smoke evacuation efficiency improving means is fixedly mounted on a reinforced concrete base in the smoke evacuation duct by means of a vibration damping bracket and a fastener, and comprises a casing, an impeller and a motor;
the impeller is rotatably arranged in the shell;
the motor is in transmission connection with the impeller and is used for driving the impeller to rotate;
one end of the shell is fixedly arranged on the partition wall and is opposite to the through hole.
6. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein the air shaft end smoke evacuation device comprises a tunnel smoke evacuation fan for conveying smoke within the smoke evacuation duct to the smoke evacuation air shaft.
7. The tunnel structure of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of fire detection devices fixedly mounted to the roof of the roadway tunnel;
the fire detection device is in signal connection with the control device and is used for sending the detected fire signal and the position information of fire occurrence to the control device;
and the control device controls the smoke discharging efficiency improving device at the corresponding position to be opened according to the received fire signal and the position information, and controls the smoke discharging device at the air shaft end to be opened at the same time.
8. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the pipe gallery is a ditch, and a concrete cover plate is covered on the top of the ditch;
a safety channel is enclosed between the fireproof plate and the concrete cover plate;
a concave electromechanical equipment chamber is arranged on the partition wall in the safety channel;
the control device is installed in the electromechanical device chamber.
9. The tunnel structure of claim 8, wherein fire hydrant pipes extending in a length direction of the tunnel are laid in the gutters;
a plurality of fire hydrant boxes are arranged on one side of the partition wall facing the vehicle tunnel; along the length direction of the vehicle-running tunnel, the distance between the adjacent fire hydrant boxes is 40-50 m;
the fire hydrant box is communicated with the fire hydrant pipe.
10. The tunnel structure of claim 9, wherein water spray pipes and fire fighting foam pipes extending in the length direction of the tunnel are laid in the gutters;
a foam water spray nozzle and a foam water spray box are fixedly arranged on one side of the partition wall facing the running tunnel;
the foam water spray tank is communicated with the foam water spray nozzle, the water spray pipe and the fire-fighting foam pipe.
11. The tunnel structure of claim 10, wherein the distance between adjacent ones of said foamed water spray nozzles is 10m to 14m and the distance between adjacent ones of said foamed water spray boxes is 40m to 50m along the length of said vehicular tunnel.
12. The tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1-11, further comprising an anemorumbometer, a CO/VI detector, a camera, a lane indicator and a variable information board installed in the traffic tunnel, wherein the anemorumbometer, the CO/VI detector, the camera, the lane indicator and the variable information board are in signal connection with a control device.
13. The tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the height of the cable channel is 900 mm-1000 mm.
14. The tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the fire prevention plate has a width of 1.8 to 6m and a length of 1 to 3 m.
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| CN202010521601.2A CN111720151B (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Tunnel structure with rectangular cross section |
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| CN202010521601.2A CN111720151B (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Tunnel structure with rectangular cross section |
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| CN111720151B (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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