CN1720392A - 冷却设备 - Google Patents

冷却设备 Download PDF

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CN1720392A
CN1720392A CNA200380104892XA CN200380104892A CN1720392A CN 1720392 A CN1720392 A CN 1720392A CN A200380104892X A CNA200380104892X A CN A200380104892XA CN 200380104892 A CN200380104892 A CN 200380104892A CN 1720392 A CN1720392 A CN 1720392A
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heat exchanger
waste gas
pressurized air
charge air
exhaust flow
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约亨·艾特尔
丹尼尔·亨德里克斯
沃尔夫冈·克雷默
赖纳·卢茨
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/24—Layout, e.g. schematics with two or more coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0425—Air cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0437—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0475—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly the intake air cooler being combined with another device, e.g. heater, valve, compressor, filter or EGR cooler, or being assembled on a special engine location
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0493—Controlling the air charge temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/28—Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/42—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders
    • F02M26/43—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders in which exhaust from only one cylinder or only a group of cylinders is directed to the intake of the engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种介质或液体的冷却设备，特别是冷却车辆的入口空气和废气的设备。

Description

冷却设备
技术领域
本发明提供一种针对介质、液体的冷却设备，尤其用于冷却汽车和大型内燃机废气回流***中的回流废气和增压空气。
背景技术
根据现有技术，为了提高内燃机功率，使用涡轮增压器或其它机械增压装置，如压缩机或类似装置，来压缩供燃烧的空气或增压空气。在压缩过程中变热的液体、气体、或介质尤其如空气，通常接着由一个增压空气冷却器冷却。这样可继续提高空气密度，并限定燃烧的温度峰值。该增压空气流过通有大气或冷却介质的热交换器并得到冷却。由此可冷却该增压空气达到一个与周围气温十分接近或比周围气温高20-90K的温度。
在具有回流废气的设备中，废气在单个热交换器中被冷却，接着与冷却过的增压空气混合或一起输送，具有典型性的是，与该增压空气冷却器出口处的增压空气温度相比，废气-增压空气混合物的温度提高了。
鉴于未来对于降低排放尤其是氮氧化物排放和降低油耗方面的要求越来越高，因此该装置具有明显的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供一种使废气-增压空气的混合物的温度比在已知的设备中得到降低的设备。
本发明的任务通过一个用于冷却汽车和大型内燃机中废气和增压空气的冷却设备来解决，该汽车和大型内燃机上安装有内燃机，具有导回的废气流和增压气流，该废气流经过第一和第二热交换器冷却，而该增压气流通过第三热交换器冷却，然后经冷却的废气流和增压气流汇集并混合。
根据本发明的一个方案，本发明任务通过一个用于冷却汽车中废气和增压空气的冷却设备来解决，该汽车上安装有内燃机，具有导回的废气流和增压气流，该废气流经第一热交换器冷却，增压气流和该经过冷却的废气流汇集，而该废气-/增压气流的混合物接着通过第二热交换器冷却。
根据本发明的另一个方案，本发明任务通过一个用于冷却汽车中废气和增压空气的冷却设备来解决，该汽车上安装有内燃机，具有导回的废气流和增压气流，该废气流和增压气流首先汇集而后该废气-增压气流混合物接着经过一个热交换器冷却。
优选的是，该导回的废气流由一个阀体控制，该阀体最好是一个碟形阀，在本发明的另一实施例中，也可安装其它类型阀体。
另外，第一热交换器和第二热交换器可以构成分体的热交换器。另一适合的发明实施例中，第一和第二热交换器构成分体式的热交换器组件。在另一适合的发明实施例中，第一和/或第二和/或第三热交换器构成一个组件。
按照本发明的实施例，至少一个热交换器通过第一冷却剂，如空气冷却，冷却剂也可以是带有或不带有添加物的冷却水，也可以是尤其是用于空调冷却剂循环的冷却剂。
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详解。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的设备的第一实施例；
图2为根据本发明的设备的第二实施例；
图3为根据本发明的设备的第三实施例。
具体实施方式
图1表示一种用于冷却液体尤其是冷却废气和增压空气的冷却设备，内燃机2的废气流过管道3并通过涡轮4导流，部分废气回流经过阀门5，通过第一热交换器6冷却，以第一温度T1到达出口。该被冷却至温度T1的废气接着经由第二热交换器冷却至温度T2。
经由元件4压缩的增压空气经管道8输入第三热交换器9，在此被冷却至温度T3。该被冷却的增压空气从该第三热交换器出口流出并与前述被两次冷却的废气混合，并继续通过管道10输送到内燃机2。
优选的方案是在第一热交换器中，废气由作为冷却剂的内燃机冷却水冷却。在第二热交换器中，使用冷却空气、一种低温冷却剂或制冷剂来冷却废气。该低温冷却剂的温度低于用在第一热交换器中的内燃机冷却水温度。
两个热交换器6和7可以构成分体的热交换器，或者构成一个组件。热交换器6或7之一或热交换器6和7与第三热交换器9构成一个组件，也可以按独立的热交换器构成。
连接而成的热交换器组件具有隔开的流道以便分别输送废气和增压空气。
最好是热交换器7固定分布在内燃机上或分布在一个冷却模块或与该冷却模块一体成形，其中包括不同的冷却器或热交换器。
最好是增压空气和废气在混合室11内混合，并被冷却，因此该混合室可以是一个组件的一部分或一个热交换器的一部分。
图2表示一种用于冷却液体尤其是冷却废气和增压空气的设备101，其中内燃机102的废气流过管道103并通过涡轮104或类似装置导流，部分废气经阀门105回流至内燃机102。该回流废气经第一热交换器106冷却。以第一温度T1到达出口。接着该达到T1温度的废气与来自管道108的被压缩的增压空气混合。
与废气混合的增压空气经管道108a输入第二热交换器107，该废气/增压空气混合物被冷却至温度T2。从该第二热交换器出口流出的该被冷却过的废气/增压空气混合物继续通过管109输送到内燃机102。
优选的方案是在第一热交换器106中，废气由作为冷却剂的内燃机冷却水冷却。在第二热交换器107中，使用冷却剂如内燃机冷却水、空气、一种低温冷却剂或制冷剂来继续冷却废气/增压空气混合物。该低温冷却剂的温度低于用在第一热交换器中的内燃机冷却水温度。
该两个热交换器106和107可以构成分体的热交换器，或者构成一个组件。在构成一个组件的情况下，该冷却器和热交换器可以形成隔开的流道用以分别输送各介质，尤其是废气和增压空气。
增压空气和废气最好是在一个混合室110内混合并被冷却。因此该混合室是上述冷却组件的一部分或一个热交换器的一部分。
热交换器106和/或107最好是固定分布在内燃机上或分布在一个冷却组件内或与该冷却组件一体成形，其中包括不同的冷却器或热交换器。
图3表示一种用于冷却液体尤其是冷却废气和增压空气的设备201，内燃机202的废气流过管道203并通过涡轮204导流。部分废气流经阀门205输送回内燃机202。该回流的废气在热交换器206之前与来自管道207的压缩增压空气混合。
增压空气经由元件204压缩。该受到压缩的增压空气经管道207输入混合室210，在此增压空气与回流的废气混合。具有优点的是该混合室210具有能够用于冷却的结构。
此外该混合室可以是一组件或一个热交换器的一部分。
该废气/增压空气的混合物由热交换器206冷却至温度T。
该被冷却的废气/增压空气混合物从该热交换器206出口流出并继续通过管道211输送到内燃机202。
具有优点的是，在第一热交换器中，使用内燃机冷却水、空气、一种低温冷却剂或制冷剂来冷却该废气/增压空气混合物。该低温冷却剂是这样一种冷却剂，其温度低于用在第一热交换器中的内燃机冷却水温度。为了使该废气/增压空气混合物的温度T尽可能降低，在该热交换器中使用若干种上述冷却剂。因此在该热交换器中设置隔开的冷却剂回路。
最好是热交换器206固定分布在内燃机上或布置在一个冷却组件中或与该冷却组件一体成形，其中包括不同的冷却器或热交换器。
在上述发明实施例中，废气在涡轮前面发生回流，即废气在涡轮前发生分流并部分回流，在其它的发明实施例中，废气可以从涡轮的低压侧分流并回流。
在具体实施例中，废气和增压空气最好分别流至热交换器进行混合。
流向热交换器的废气和增压空气可在热交换器的入口前或在热交换器的入口室混合，也可在热交换器的末端室或在热交换器的以外进行混合。
本发明并不只局限于上述实施形式。该实施形式的各个特征也可相互组合。

Claims (7)

1、一种用于冷却装有内燃机的汽车上的增压空气和废气的冷却设备，具有一个回流的废气流和一个增压空气流，其特征在于：该废气流由第一和第二热交换器冷却，该增压空气流由第三热交换器冷却，之后被冷却过的该废气流和该增压空气流进行汇集。
2、一种用于冷却装有内燃机的汽车上的增压空气和废气的冷却设备，具有一个回流的废气流和一个增压空气流，其特征在于：该废气流由第一热交换器冷却，该经冷却的废气流与该增压空气流汇集而该混合的废气-/增压空气流接着由第二热交换器冷却。
3、一种用于冷却装有内燃机的汽车上的增压空气和废气的冷却设备，具有一个回流的废气流和一个增压空气流，其特征在于：该废气流与该增压空气流汇集而该混合的废气-/增压空气流接着由一个热交换器冷却。
4、根据权利要求1至3之一所述的冷却设备，其特征在于：该回流的废气流通过一个阀控制。
5、根据权利要求1或2所述的冷却设备，其特征在于：该第一热交换器和第二热交换器按分体的热交换器构成。
6、根据权利要求1或2所述的冷却设备，其特征在于：该第一热交换器和第二热交换器构成分体的热交换器组件。
7、根据权利要求1、5或6之一所述的冷却设备，其特征在于：该第一和/或第二和/或第三热交换器构成交换器组件。
CNA200380104892XA 2002-12-03 2003-11-03 冷却设备 Pending CN1720392A (zh)

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DE10351546A1 (de) 2004-06-24
BR0307933A (pt) 2004-12-21
EP1570168B1 (de) 2012-10-31
AU2003291995A1 (en) 2004-06-23
US7059308B2 (en) 2006-06-13
US20050199229A1 (en) 2005-09-15
EP1570168A1 (de) 2005-09-07
WO2004051069A1 (de) 2004-06-17
JP2006509146A (ja) 2006-03-16
EP1570168B2 (de) 2020-01-29

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