Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, the manufacture method of ferment bacteria organic fertilizer is provided.
The manufacture method of ferment bacteria organic fertilizer, its weight consists of following ratio: 45~55 parts of plant stalk powders, 9~11 parts in wheat bran, 13.5~16.5 parts in rice bran, 9~11 parts of dregs of beans, 9~11 parts of chicken manures, 0.8~1.3 part of enzymatic microorganism, 3~4 parts of wilkinites, 0.4~1 part of starch
One, ferment bacteria organic fertilizer production principle:
Ferment bacteria organic fertilizer is to utilize microorganism to decompose the principle of straw fast and a kind of novel organic fertilizer made.
The main raw material(s) of ferment bacteria organic fertilizer has: bacterial classification, straw, substratum, additive etc.
1, straw
The fundamental component of stalk is Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen, and the decomposition of stalk is under microbial process, thick organism is decomposed into the process of small molecules, organism or inorganics.
What participate in microbiological degradation at first is to be first water of decomposition soluble substance, starch etc. under the microbial process of leading in happiness candy mould (white mould bacterium) and non-spore bacteria, thereafter carry out the transition to spore bacteria and fiber bacterium and preponderate, main decomposing protein, pectic substance and Mierocrystalline cellulose etc., later stage is mainly decomposed xylogen, tannin, wax etc. based on actinomycetes and some fungi.
2, enzymatic microorganism (B, Y, M)
Enzymatic microorganism be by can generation vigor very strong add the mould bacterium of water decomposition, yeast, the microbial bacteria colony that thread fungus is formed.
It has powerful amylomyces, proteolysis is mould, steatolysis is mould, mould, the multitudinous sugar decomposition of fiber decomposition is mould, the alcohol decomposition is mould, the lactose decomposition is mould, redox is mould, the maltose decomposition is mould, urea decomposition is mould etc., under various mould comprehensive actions, enzymatic microorganism can be brought into play decomposition in short duration, the effect of catalysis organic matter, and can decompose and eliminate various objectionable impuritiess.
Enzymatic microorganism, because its brute force adds the water decomposition effect, can be with the organic materials of organic fertilizer, carrying out saccharification decomposition and amino acid decomposes, and the glucose that is generated by this Decomposition, alcohol, amino acid etc. are as the best substratum of beneficial microorganism in the soil, and promoting the actinomycetes in compost and the organic fertilizer sharply to increase, kill pathogenic bacteria is beneficial to plant absorbing.
Decomposition course is as follows:
(1) decomposition course of starch, sugar: (condition: the aerobic fermentation)
Starch, sugar → amylolysis is mould → maltose → maltose decomposes mould → glucose → alcohol → alcohol mould → carbonic acid gas, water
(2) proteinic decomposition course: (condition, aerobic fermentation)
Protein → protein decomposes mould → amino acid → microbial cells, ammonia, carbonic acid gas, water → nitrous acid → nitric acid acid etc.
(3) Zhi Fang decomposition course: (condition: the aerobic fermentation)
Fat → steatolysis is mould → lipid acid, glycerol (glycerine) → carbonic acid gas, water
(4) cellulosic decomposition course, (condition: the aerobic fermentation)
Cellulosic → fiber decomposes mould → polyose, organic acid → carbonic acid gas, water
3, substratum
Contain wheat bran, rice bran, starch, it mainly acts on is that activity provides good material conditions to microbial reproduction, also is the good food source of microorganism simultaneously.Rice bran is as one of important material of the substratum of microbial fermentation.It contains crude protein 17.5%, crude fat 17.8%, nitrogen-free extract 37.7%, coarse ash 8.4%, contain certain natural trace element simultaneously, it can provide the ideal material conditions to microbial activities, it also is the good food source of microorganism, practice shows that rice bran is the nutrient contg height not only, and is nutritious, and inexpensive, be ideal microbiological culture media material.
4, additive
Containing chicken manure, wilkinite, dregs of beans is the indispensable additional source material of enzymatic microorganism organic bio-fertilizer as additive.
(1), chicken manure, can provide required nutrient to farm crop, itself organic composition also is to regulate carbon-nitrogen ratio in the bio-organic fertilizer fermenting process also than higher in addition--one of best raw material of N/C;
(2), wilkinite: play adhesive effect, be used for the tackiness agent of granulation, also contain various trace elements simultaneously for plant absorbing;
(3), dregs of beans: the crude protein content of dregs of beans is 37%, crude fat content is 45%, nitrogen-free extract content is 39.3%, coarse ash content is 5%, dregs of beans not only helps the microbiological degradation activity as one of additive, its composition behind microbiological degradation is beneficial to plant absorbing, the plant sugariness is increased greatly, meanwhile, also improved the quality of farm crop, the quality of farm crop is improved greatly.
Three, ferment bacteria organic fertilizer compared with prior art, major advantage:
1, provide plant growth required nutrient
Under action of microorganisms, produce carbonic acid gas organic the decomposition in soil, can be used as the raw material of crop photosynthesis effect.
(1) nutrient is comprehensive, and ferment bacteria organic fertilizer contains the necessary 16 kinds of nutritive elements of plant growth; Rice bran is as one of important material of the substratum of microbial fermentation.It contains crude protein 17.5%, crude fat 17.8%, nitrogen-free extract 37.7%, coarse ash 8.4%, contain certain natural trace element simultaneously, it can provide the ideal material conditions to microbial activities, it also is the good food source of microorganism, practice shows that rice bran is the nutrient contg height not only, and is nutritious, and inexpensive, be ideal microbiological culture media material.The crude protein content of dregs of beans is 37%, crude fat content is 45%, nitrogen-free extract content is 39.3%, coarse ash content is 5%, dregs of beans not only helps the microbiological degradation activity as one of additive, its composition behind microbiological degradation is beneficial to plant absorbing, the plant sugariness is increased greatly, meanwhile, also improved the quality of farm crop, the quality of farm crop is improved greatly.Rice bran and dregs of beans quantitatively use, and can make the quality of ferment bacteria organic fertilizer of the present invention better.
(2) nutrient discharges evenly for a long time;
2, the structure of effectively improving the soil strengthens soil fertility:
(1) owing to the effect of microbiological degradation organic matter, soil with organic matter content is constantly increased, thereby fostered and apply fertilizer soil fertility;
(2) improve the soil physical chemistry state, made soil form small-sized granule shape and soft, helped the logical oxygen of soil, helped microbial activities;
(3) strengthened the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability.
3, improve the biological activity of soil, stimulated plant growth; Organic materials is the main source that microorganism is obtained energy and nutrient, the activity of microorganism impels crop well to grow again, microbic activity strengthens, can not only provide nutrient to plant, can also produce the paddy amic acid, multiple amino acids such as proline(Pro), VITAMIN, phytokinin, plant hormone, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, plant growth hormones, these all can bring enormous function to plant-growth.
4, improve detoxifying effect, kill the pathogenic bacteria in the soil, strengthened the plant disease-resistant ability, purified edatope;
5, improved crops quality; Because ferment bacteria organic fertilizer can be supplied with the comprehensive nutrient of farm crop, improved the content of farm crop sugars, and do not contain the chemical fertilizer element, so crops quality will improve greatly, ferment bacteria organic fertilizer is a desirable fertilizer of producing green non-pollution and organic farm products.
6, improvement environment
(1) improved edatope, reduced chemical fertilizer and used the pollution that soil, groundwater quality are caused in a large number;
(2) improved atmospheric environment, the raw material that ferment bacteria organic fertilizer uses is a straw; Peasant convention custom is with crop straw burning, causes air ambient to pollute, and stalk is made into fertilizer and had also both solved the crop straw burning problem in the field, has brought income to the peasant again, just peasant's crop straw burning no longer, thus improved atmospheric environment.
7, realized that increasing crop yield increases income, a large amount of evidences use ferment bacteria organic fertilizer that grain yield is increased more than 10%, and yield of commercial crops such as vegetables, melon and fruit are increased more than 15%, have realized the purpose of increasing both production and income.
Four, the manufacture method of enzymatic microorganism organic bio-fertilizer: production technique
1, pulverize: at first plant straw, wheat bran, rice bran, dregs of beans, chicken manure are pressed proportioning weighing respectively, add in the pulverizer and pulverize, grinding particle size should be able to pass through 100 order to 200 orders;
2, batch mixing: with above comminuting matter and enzymatic microorganism, starch, thorough mixing adds water after evenly and stirs moisture content 50%~60%;
3, fermentation: will more than add mixture behind the water, sending into fermenter ferments, adopt the logical oxygen of the logical oxygen method of jet, the negative that is drilled with a plurality of micro-holes is installed in the bottom of fermenter, with air pump fresh air is pressed into the base plate bottom, gas up flows during fermentation, and air gas enters fermenter, should note in the fermenting process following some:
(1), leavening temperature: leavening temperature is controlled between 45 ℃~65 ℃;
(2), pH value is controlled at 5.5~6.5;
(3), the logical oxygen of turning: when the fermented product temperature reaches more than 40 ℃, fermentation time reached more than 48 hours must the logical oxygen of turning, after the turning for the first time, every turning in 24 hours once, supplies with to guarantee oxygen.
(4), fermentation time: 10~12 days winters; 7~10 days summers;
(5), nitrogen carbon this (N/C) is 1: 25;
4, oven dry
The material that ferments sent in the dryer dry, bake out temperature surpasses 75 ℃, otherwise will kill useful active bacterium.
5, rerolling
Material after oven dry adding wilkinite and small amount of moisture are carried out uniform mixing, so that granulation, mixed material moisture is about 20%.
6, granulation
The secondary compound is sent into the tablets press granulation, granularity Φ≤3.5mm.
7, will make good ferment bacteria organic fertilizer, and analyze, check, qualified back metering packing warehouse-in by standard.
The present invention and prior art Chinese patent application numbers 200310107788.8, denomination of invention is that metallothionein(MT) biological organic fertilizer and method are compared, and has following advantage:
1, utilize prescription of the present invention, can shorten fermentation time greatly, fermentation time summer is 7-10 days, and be 10-12 days winter.
2, on manufacture craft, in the fermenting process, the present invention adopts jet to lead to the oxygen technology, and logical oxygen situation is very good, and fermentation is thorough, and fertilizer quality is good, is beneficial to plant absorbing, and the nutrient of fertilizer is comprehensive.
3, make the method that requires in strict accordance with fertilizer and produce commercial fertilizer, meet the requirement of country and industry standard.Help industrialization, large-scale production.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: according to following weight proportion weighing, unit is a kilogram:
The production technique of the manufacture method of plant stalk powder 45, wheat bran 9, rice bran 13.5, dregs of beans 9, chicken manure 9, enzymatic microorganism 0.8, wilkinite 3, starch 0.4 enzymatic microorganism organic bio-fertilizer:
1, pulverize: at first plant straw, wheat bran, rice bran, dregs of beans, chicken manure are pressed proportioning weighing respectively, add in the pulverizer and pulverize, grinding particle size should be able to pass through 100 order to 200 orders;
2, batch mixing: with above comminuting matter and enzymatic microorganism, starch, thorough mixing adds water after evenly and stirs moisture content 50%;
3, fermentation: will more than add mixture behind the water, sending into fermenter ferments, adopt the logical oxygen of the logical oxygen method of jet, the negative that is drilled with a plurality of micro-holes is installed in the bottom of fermenter, fresh air is pressed into the base plate bottom of fermenter with air pump, gas up flows during fermentation, the air admission fermenter, should note in the fermenting process following some:
(1), leavening temperature: leavening temperature is controlled between 45 ℃~65 ℃; (2), pH value is controlled at 5.5~6.5;
(3), the logical oxygen of turning: when the fermented product temperature reaches more than 40 ℃, fermentation time reached more than 48 hours must the logical oxygen of turning, after the turning for the first time, every turning in 24 hours once, supplies with to guarantee oxygen; Adopt the logical oxygen of the logical oxygen technology of jet.
(4), fermentation time: 12 days winters;
(5), nitrogen carbon this (N/C) is 1: 25;
4, the material that ferments is sent in the dryer dried, bake out temperature is 65 ℃.
5, rerolling adds wilkinite with the material after the oven dry and small amount of moisture is carried out uniform mixing, so that granulation, mixed material moisture is about 20%.
6, granulation is sent the secondary compound into the tablets press granulation, granularity Φ≤3.5mm.
7, will make good ferment bacteria organic fertilizer, and analyze, check, qualified back metering packing warehouse-in by standard.
Embodiment 2: according to following weight proportion weighing, unit is a kilogram:
Plant stalk powder 55, wheat bran 11, rice bran 16.5, dregs of beans 11, chicken manure 11, enzymatic microorganism 1.3, wilkinite 4, starch 1, all the other are identical with embodiment 1 for the manufacture method of enzymatic microorganism organic bio-fertilizer.Fermentation time: 10 days summers.
Embodiment 3: according to following weight proportion weighing, unit is a kilogram:
Plant stalk powder 52, wheat bran 10, rice bran 16, dregs of beans 10, chicken manure 11, enzymatic microorganism 1.1, wilkinite 3.7, starch 0.6, all the other are identical with embodiment 1 for the manufacture method of enzymatic microorganism organic bio-fertilizer.Fermentation time: 8 days summers.