CN115399466B - 谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺 - Google Patents
谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于味精生产技术领域,公开了谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺,其包括如下步骤:步骤1)发酵制备谷氨酸,步骤2)离心、过滤,步骤3)浓缩等电,步骤4)中和、脱色,步骤5)树脂脱色,步骤6)烘干、分筛。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于味精生产技术领域,具体涉及谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺。
背景技术
谷氨酸钠(Monosodium Glutamate),又名味精,具有较高的营养价值,食用后,经胃酸作用后转化为谷氨酸,被消化吸收构成蛋白质,并参与体内其它代谢过程。谷氨酸是自然界存在的20种氨基酸之一,参与各种生理必须的蛋白质的合成,是组成蛋白质的基本结构。由于谷氨酸钠的诸多功效,所以人们对其需求量越来越大。虽然我国谷氨酸钠行业发展较快,其生产企业向规模化、集约型发展,生产水平不断提高,现已基本达到国际先进水平。但也存在着设备利用率低、能耗高等问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种谷氨酸钠的生产工艺,其包括提高谷氨酸的发酵水平以及谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺的优化,旨在提高发酵产量的同时,提升谷氨酸钠品质。
本发明是通过如下技术方案来实现的。
谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺,其包括如下步骤:步骤1)发酵制备谷氨酸,步骤2) 离心、过滤,步骤3)浓缩等电,步骤4)中和、脱色,步骤5)树脂脱色,步骤6)烘干、分筛。
进一步地,
所述步骤1)发酵制备谷氨酸:将谷氨酸棒杆菌种子液按照10%的接种量接入到含有发酵培养基的发酵罐中进行发酵培养,当菌体OD600达到15时,开始流加全营养培养基,流加至发酵培养结束前4h停止。
进一步地,
所述步骤2)离心、过滤:步骤1)制得的谷氨酸发酵液经碟片离心机离心,收集上层液体,经过陶瓷膜过滤,收集滤液。
进一步地,
所述步骤3)浓缩等电:将步骤2)所得滤液浓缩三倍,然后缓慢降温至20℃,调节成pH为3.22的等电溶液,沉降6小时,离心,收集粗晶体,再投入到投入纯化水中,直至完全溶解,浓缩三倍,再调节成pH为3.22的等电溶液;温度控制在15℃,沉降6小时,收集谷氨酸湿晶体。
进一步地,
所述步骤4)中和、脱色:往步骤3)所得谷氨酸湿晶体中添加纯碱,然后添加水,边搅拌边加热至65℃,直至全部溶解;然后转移到脱色罐中,并加粉末活性炭,65℃保温搅拌脱色30min;脱色完成后泵入板框中,过滤拦截活性炭,收集板框滤液。
进一步地,
所述步骤5)树脂脱色:将步骤4)所得板框滤液泵入树脂柱,收集经树脂脱色后的中和液,再泵入到结晶罐中浓缩结晶,结晶罐内温度控制在71℃,真空度 -0.073;浓缩结束的料液用平板离心机分离出晶体。
进一步地,
所述步骤6)烘干、分筛:将步骤6)所得晶体用振动流化床烘干,烘干后的固体粉末状晶体使用分筛机进行分筛,去除粒径<1mm的小规格异物。
优选地,所述发酵培养基为:葡萄糖60g/L,玉米浆30g/L,酵母膏5g/L,大豆蛋白胨10g/L,KH2PO42.5 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O1.2 g/L,KCL1 g/L,MnSO410 mg/L, FeSO410 mg/L,苏氨酸1g/L,甜菜碱1g/L,VH3 mg/L,VB10.5 mg/L。
优选地,所述全营养培养基为:玉米浆干粉30g/L,大豆蛋白胨10g/L,KH2PO42.5 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O1.2 g/L,KCL1 g/L,MnSO410 mg/L,FeSO410 mg/L,甲硫氨酸 0.5g/L,VH3 mg/L,VB10.5 mg/L,2-氨基乙醇1mg/L。
优选地,所述发酵培养条件为:发酵初始温度为32℃,当发酵液中菌体量OD600达到28时,将温度在30min内升至37.5℃,1h后升温至38℃;通过控制转速和通风将溶氧控制在30%;通过氨水控制pH在7.0左右;整个发酵培养过程采用100lux蓝光照射培养的方式,发酵总时间为60h。
与现有技术相比,本发明取得的有益效果主要包括但是并不限于以下几个方面:
适量的2-氨基乙醇的添加可以促进谷氨酸棒杆菌细胞壁的合成效率,进而维持谷氨酸棒杆菌的增殖活力,使得谷氨酸棒杆菌处于稳定平衡的菌体密度。一定强度的蓝光光照能够提高谷氨酸棒杆菌的菌体密度,可能原因是蓝光光照提高了谷氨酸棒杆菌中相关抗氧化酶的酶活力,进而提升活性氧的水平,促进谷氨酸棒杆菌的***增殖,并且使得菌体活力维持在较高的水平,从而提高了谷氨酸的发酵效率。但是过大强度的光照会使得菌体产生过量活性氧,进而会给菌体带来氧化压力,导致氧化损伤,甚至影响其活性。本研究发现,蓝光不但能够提高密度,还能够提高单位菌体的产酸量。
本发明分离纯化工艺采用浓缩等电技术,硫酸的消耗最低,降低了成本,提高了工业附加值;采用活性炭和树脂配合的方式来脱色谷氨酸钠,降低了树脂的用量,而且结合分筛机分筛去除小颗粒杂质,提高了产品的纯度。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案,下面将结合本申请具体实施例,对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明是在“CN112695061A一种L-谷氨酸全营养流加高密度发酵的方法”的基础上继续研究的技术成果。
提高谷氨酸发酵菌体量和产酸效率的方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)菌体活化:将保藏在-80℃冰箱中的谷氨酸棒杆菌(保藏编号 CGMCCNo.5481)接种到斜面上传代活化,传代两次。
所述斜面培养基为蛋白胨5g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母粉4g/L,玉米浆干粉25g/L,KH2PO41 g/L,MgSO40.2 g/L,NaCl1 g/L,琼脂粉25g/L,甲硫氨酸 0.2g/L,pH=6.8;
(2)种子培养:将活化好的菌株用无菌水洗脱,洗脱后全部接种到配置好的种子发酵液中进行种子培养。
所述的种子培养基为:葡萄糖40g/L,玉米浆干粉10g/L,KH2PO4 2g/L,MgSO4·7H2O0.8g/L,MnSO4 5mg/L,FeSO4 5mg/L,苏氨酸1g/L,VH10 mg/L。
所述种子培养条件为:温度维持在32℃左右,溶氧控制在20%,pH通过氨水控制在7.0左右。
(3)发酵培养:当种子培养基中的菌体量(OD600)达到40时,按10%的接种量接种到含有280L发酵培养基的1000L发酵罐中,当菌体OD600达到15时,开始流加420L全营养培养基,流加至发酵结束前4h停止。
所述的发酵培养基为葡萄糖60g/L,玉米浆30g/L,酵母膏5g/L,大豆蛋白胨10g/L,KH2PO42.5 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O1.2 g/L,KCL1 g/L,MnSO410 mg/L, FeSO410 mg/L,苏氨酸1g/L,甜菜碱1g/L,VH3 mg/L,VB10.5 mg/L。
所述的全营养培养基为:玉米浆干粉30g/L,大豆蛋白胨10g/L,KH2PO42.5 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O1.2 g/L,KCL1 g/L,MnSO410 mg/L,FeSO410 mg/L,甲硫氨酸 0.5g/L,VH3 mg/L,VB10.5 mg/L,2-氨基乙醇1mg/L。
所述的发酵条件为:发酵初始温度为32℃,当发酵液中菌体量(OD600)达到 28时,将温度在30min内升至37.5℃,1h后升温至38℃;通过控制转速和通风将溶氧控制在30%;通过氨水控制pH在7.0左右;整个发酵过程采用100lux 蓝光照射培养的方式,发酵总时间为60h。
实施例2
同实施例1,不同之处仅在于全营养培养基中不添加2-氨基乙醇,采用暗培养的方式。
实施例3
同实施例1,不同之处仅在于采用暗培养的方式。
实施例4
在实施例2的基础上,验证2-氨基乙醇对菌体量和产酸效率的影响。具体见表1:
表1
如上表1所示,2-氨基乙醇对菌体量有一定的正向调控作用,从而能够在一定幅度上提高谷氨酸的产量,但是产酸效率并未明显改变,可能原因是,2-氨基乙醇能够促进谷氨酸棒杆菌细胞壁的合成效率,进而维持谷氨酸棒杆菌的增殖活力,使得谷氨酸棒杆菌处于稳定平衡的菌体密度,2-氨基乙醇是通过提升菌体密度来提高谷氨酸产量。
实施例5
验证不同光照条件对菌体密度和产酸效率的影响。
发酵工艺均采用实施例1,同批次发酵,具备可比较性,不同之处在于光照条件不同。
具体见表2:
表2
如上表2所示,蓝光能够提高菌体密度和谷氨酸产量,50-100lux的强度蓝光光照效果最好,不但能够提高密度,还能够提高单位菌体的产酸量,产酸效率也有大幅提高。可能原因是蓝光光照提高了谷氨酸棒杆菌中相关抗氧化酶的酶活力,进而提升活性氧的水平,促进谷氨酸棒杆菌的***增殖,并且使得菌体活力维持在较高的水平,从而提高了谷氨酸的发酵效率。但是过大强度的光照会使得菌体产生过量活性氧,进而会给菌体带来氧化压力,导致氧化损伤,甚至影响其活性。本研究还发现,红光也对菌体密度有一定的正向促进作用,但是调节效果较蓝光弱,而对单位菌体的产酸量(产酸/菌体比例)没有任何影响;白光、绿光和黄光对菌体密度和产酸效率均没有明显影响。
实施例6
谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺,其包括如下步骤:
实施例1制备的谷氨酸发酵液经碟片离心机以5000rpm离心4min,收集菌体蛋白和上层液体;
上层液体经过陶瓷膜(截留分子量为5000Da)过滤,收集滤液,浓缩三倍,然后缓慢降温至20℃,调节成pH为3.22的等电溶液,沉降6小时,离心,收集粗晶体,在投入到投入纯化水中,直至完全溶解,再浓缩三倍,再调节成pH为 3.22的等电溶液;温度控制在15℃,沉降6小时,收集谷氨酸湿晶体;
往谷氨酸湿晶体中添加占谷氨酸湿晶体一半重量的纯碱,然后添加水,边搅拌边加热至65℃,直至全部溶解;然后转移到脱色罐中,并加0.5%(w/v)粉末活性炭,65℃保温搅拌脱色30min;脱色完成后泵入板框中,过滤拦截活性炭,收集板框滤液;
将板框滤液泵入树脂柱(大孔弱碱阴离子树脂装量1m3),进料流量2m3/h,收集经树脂脱色后中和液;经树脂脱色后的中和液泵入到结晶罐中浓缩结晶,结晶罐内温度控制在71℃,真空度-0.073;浓缩结束的料液用平板离心机分离;分离的晶体用振动流化床烘干,进风温度75℃,烘干后的固体粉末状晶体使用分筛机进行分筛,去除粒径<1mm的小规格异物;得到的产品颗粒均匀透亮,纯度达到99%以上。
以上列举的仅是本发明的最佳具体实施例。显然,本发明不限于以上实施例,还可以有许多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.谷氨酸钠的浓缩结晶工艺,其包括如下步骤:
步骤1)发酵制备谷氨酸:将谷氨酸棒杆菌种子液按照10%的接种量接入到含有发酵培养基的发酵罐中进行发酵培养,当菌体OD600达到15时,开始流加全营养培养基,流加至发酵培养结束前4h停止;
步骤2)离心、过滤:步骤1)制得的谷氨酸发酵液经碟片离心机离心,收集上层液体,经过陶瓷膜过滤,收集滤液;
步骤3)浓缩等电:将步骤2)所得滤液浓缩三倍,然后缓慢降温至20℃,调节成pH为3.22的等电溶液,沉降6小时,离心,收集粗晶体,再投入到纯化水中,直至完全溶解,浓缩三倍,再调节成pH为3.22的等电溶液;温度控制在15℃,沉降6小时,收集谷氨酸湿晶体;
步骤4)中和、脱色:往步骤3)所得谷氨酸湿晶体中添加纯碱,然后添加水,边搅拌边加热至65℃,直至全部溶解;然后转移到脱色罐中,并加粉末活性炭,65℃保温搅拌脱色30min;脱色完成后泵入板框中,过滤拦截活性炭,收集板框滤液;
步骤5)树脂脱色:将步骤4)所得板框滤液泵入树脂柱,收集经树脂脱色后的中和液,再泵入到结晶罐中浓缩结晶,结晶罐内温度控制在71℃,真空度-0.073;浓缩结束的料液用平板离心机分离出晶体;
步骤6)所得晶体用振动流化床烘干,烘干后的固体粉末状晶体使用分筛机进行分筛,去除粒径<1mm的小规格异物;
所述发酵培养基为:葡萄糖60g/L,玉米浆30g/L,酵母膏5g/L,大豆蛋白胨10g/L,KH2PO42.5g/L,MgSO4·7H2O1.2g/L,KCL1g/L,MnSO410mg/L,FeSO410mg/L,苏氨酸1g/L,甜菜碱1g/L,VH3mg/L,VB10.5mg/L;
所述全营养培养基为:玉米浆干粉30g/L,大豆蛋白胨10g/L,KH2PO42.5g/L,MgSO4·7H2O1.2g/L,KCL1g/L,MnSO410mg/L,FeSO410mg/L,甲硫氨酸0.5g/L,VH3mg/L,VB10.5mg/L,2-氨基乙醇1mg/L;
所述发酵培养条件为:发酵初始温度为32℃,当发酵液中菌体量OD600达到28时,将温度在30min内升至37.5℃,1h后升温至38℃;通过控制转速和通风将溶氧控制在30%;通过氨水控制pH在7.0;整个发酵培养过程采用100lux蓝光照射培养的方式,发酵总时间为60h。
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