CN115070602A - Semi-automatic grinding device - Google Patents
Semi-automatic grinding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115070602A CN115070602A CN202210883854.3A CN202210883854A CN115070602A CN 115070602 A CN115070602 A CN 115070602A CN 202210883854 A CN202210883854 A CN 202210883854A CN 115070602 A CN115070602 A CN 115070602A
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/02—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working surfaces of revolution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
- B24B37/345—Feeding, loading or unloading work specially adapted to lapping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
- B24B5/355—Feeding means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B5/48—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding walls of very fine holes, e.g. in drawing-dies
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding equipment, and discloses a semi-automatic grinding device, which comprises a support frame, a grinding mechanism and a workpiece transmission mechanism: the supporting frame is used for mounting the transmission mechanism and the grinding mechanism; the workpiece transmission mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the support frame and is used for conveying the workpiece to be ground to a grinding station, and the workpiece transmission mechanism comprises a second motor which is used for driving the workpiece to be ground to rotate; the grinding mechanism comprises a first motor supporting plate which is arranged on the supporting frame and can slide up and down, a slider-crank mechanism is further arranged on the first motor supporting plate, a grinding rod is connected onto the slider-crank mechanism, and the slider-crank mechanism is used for driving the grinding rod to move up and down in a grinding hole of a workpiece through self rotary motion, so that the grinding rod can do up-and-down and rotary combined motion relative to the grinding hole. The invention can solve the problems of inconsistent aperture and low grinding efficiency easily caused by manually grinding the hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding equipment, and particularly relates to a semi-automatic grinding device.
Background
Parts such as case, valve barrel, valve body are widely applied to the hydraulic pressure field, and the case moves in the downthehole of valve barrel, valve body, and the sealed of case and valve barrel, valve body belongs to the movive seal, and the hole of valve barrel, valve body usually can guarantee machining precision and surface quality through the finish machining to be favorable to controlling working medium's leakage, reducing the flow resistance, improving the flow state and improving the life of part.
At present, the processing method of I-grade valve sleeve and valve body holes with high requirements on size precision and shape precision is to process a base hole in the previous process and then grind the holes in the last process to meet the requirements. The grinding holes in the last process are usually finished by manual grinding, and the manual grinding mode has the defects of low efficiency and high labor intensity and is easy to cause the problem that the sizes of the holes are difficult to ensure consistency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a semi-automatic grinding device which is used for solving the problems of inconsistent aperture and low grinding efficiency caused by manual grinding of holes.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a semi-automatic grinding device, which comprises a support frame, a workpiece conveying mechanism and a grinding mechanism, wherein:
the supporting frame is used for mounting the transmission mechanism and the grinding mechanism;
the workpiece transmission mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the support frame and is used for conveying the workpiece to be ground to a grinding station, and the workpiece transmission mechanism comprises a second motor which is used for driving the workpiece to be ground to rotate;
the grinding mechanism comprises a first motor supporting plate and a slider-crank mechanism, and the first motor supporting plate is arranged on the supporting frame, is positioned above the transmission mechanism and can slide up and down; the crank sliding block mechanism comprises a first motor, a middle guide rail, a driving part and a grinding rod, wherein the first motor is arranged on the upper surface of the first motor supporting plate; the middle guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed on the front side surface of the first motor support plate; the prime mover is connected with an output shaft of the first motor; the grinding rod is arranged on the middle guide rail and is connected with the driving link through a connecting rod;
during operation, the first motor supporting plate is used for driving the grinding rod to move up and down to be matched with a hole to be ground on the workpiece to be ground, the first motor is used for driving the driving part to do rotary motion so as to drive the grinding rod to move up and down in the grinding hole along the middle guide rail, and the second motor drives the workpiece to be ground to rotate so as to enable the hole to be ground on the workpiece to be ground to rotate around the grinding rod, so that grinding is realized.
Further, the driving element is preferably a rotary disc, and the circle center of the rotary disc is connected with the output shaft of the first motor.
Further, an offset distance exists between the revolution center of the turntable and the track line of the up-and-down motion of the grinding rod.
Furthermore, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the turntable, and one end of the connecting rod is fixed in any one of the mounting holes; preferably, the plurality of mounting holes are uniformly arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc.
Furthermore, the crank sliding block mechanism also comprises a middle sliding block and a conversion sliding block, wherein one end of the connecting rod is fixed on the conversion sliding block, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed on the driving link; the middle sliding block is sleeved on the middle guide rail, the front end face of the middle sliding block is connected with the conversion sliding block, and the grinding rod is arranged at the lower end of the conversion sliding block; preferably, the coaxiality of the central axis of the grinding rod and the central axis of the grinding hole is within 0.1 mm.
Still further preferably, the lapping rod is rotatable relative to the conversion block.
Furthermore, the conversion slide block is preferably connected with the grinding rod through a universal joint or a spherical pair.
Further, the up-and-down movement stroke of the grinding rod is preferably 1 to 2 times of the depth of the grinding hole.
Further, work piece transfer mechanism still includes second motor supporting disk and chuck, the setting of second motor supporting disk is in the support frame lower part, and translation around can, the second motor sets up on the second motor supporting disk, and translation about can, be connected with the chuck on the output shaft of second motor, the chuck is used for blocking and treats grinding workpiece.
Furthermore, the support frame comprises a base and a support, and the support comprises two longitudinal beams vertically arranged on the base and a cross beam horizontally fixed between the upper ends of the two longitudinal beams; the first motor supporting plate is matched with the guide rail to realize up-and-down sliding, and a guide rod vertically penetrates through the first motor supporting plate; the lower end of the guide rod is fixed on the base, and the upper end of the guide rod is arranged on the cross beam; preferably, the rod body of the guide rod, which is positioned below the first motor support plate, is further provided with threads and a fixing part matched with the threads, and the fixing part is used for fixing the first motor support plate to a preset height; preferably, the length of the guide rails on the two longitudinal beams is 2 times of that of the middle guide rail.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention mainly has the following advantages:
1. in the semi-automatic grinding device provided by the invention, the workpiece transmission mechanism arranged on the base can enable the workpiece to be ground to move back and forth or left and right until the workpiece is positioned on a station to be ground. The grinding mechanism is arranged on a portal frame-shaped support frame which is vertically arranged, the crank-slider mechanism provides power through a motor, so that a grinding rod connected with the crank-slider mechanism is in linear motion in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, a driving piece contained by the crank-slider mechanism is connected with the grinding rod through a connecting rod, so that the grinding rod can move up and down in a grinding hole of a workpiece and simultaneously perform composite motion rotating around the central axis of the grinding hole to realize automatic grinding. The whole grinding device is in a vertical layout, and can eliminate eccentric grinding caused by the gravity of the grinding device, so that workpieces automatically ground are more uniform, the abrasion among parts is ensured to be more uniform, and the service life of the grinding device is further prolonged.
2. The semi-automatic grinding device provided by the invention has the advantages that in order to expand the grinding range and enable the grinding device to grind holes with different lengths, the stroke of the grinding rod is designed to be adjustable. The crank-slider mechanism is designed to be an offset crank-slider mechanism, a plurality of mounting holes are designed on the driving part, the straight-line distance from each mounting hole to the rotation center of the driving part is different, and preferably, the distance from the circle center of each mounting hole to the circle center of the rotary table is designed to be increased in an arithmetic progression along the rotation center of the driving part to the direction of the rotation edge of the driving part. During grinding, one end of the connecting rod is fixed in different mounting holes, so that the up-and-down stroke distances of different grinding rods can be obtained, and the grinding rod can be suitable for workpieces to be ground with different deep grinding holes. In order to make the up-down stroke of the grinding rod more accurate, the driving part is designed into a circular turntable, a plurality of rows of mounting holes which are linearly arranged are arranged on the turntable along the radius direction, so that the circle center of each mounting hole and the circle center of the turntable have different polar coordinate radiuses, and the up-down stroke of the grinding rod can be adjusted at will.
3. According to the semi-automatic grinding device provided by the invention, the middle slide block is sleeved on the middle guide rail, the conversion slide block is arranged on the middle slide block, and the grinding rod is connected with the conversion slide block, so that the grinding rod moves up and down under the driving of the middle slide block, and the function of grinding by rotating and moving in a grinding hole is realized through the conversion slide block. And in order to realize flexible grinding, a universal joint or a spherical pair and other structures are arranged between the conversion sliding block and the grinding rod to realize connection, so that the flexible grinding is realized.
4. According to the semi-automatic grinding device provided by the invention, the up-and-down movement stroke of the grinding rod is designed to be 1-2 times of the depth of the grinding hole, so that the automatic grinding process is more sufficient. Simultaneously with 2 times of side guide rail length design for the middle part guide rail, can guarantee that the conversion slider drives the grinding rod up-and-down motion in-process and can not break away from the middle part guide rail, conversion slider promptly suddenly returns the department and all is in the length range of middle part guide rail. The coaxiality of the central axis of the grinding rod at the grinding station and the central axis of the workpiece grinding hole is set within 0.1mm, so that uniform grinding can be guaranteed, the phenomenon of large eccentric wear is avoided, and the eccentric wear amount is reduced.
5. According to the semi-automatic grinding device provided by the invention, one motor provides workpiece rotating power, the other motor provides grinding power, the grinding mechanism is lifted to form enough space for clamping the workpiece, and then the workpiece to be ground is clamped by the chuck; the coaxiality of the hole of the workpiece to be ground and the grinding rod is within 0.1mm by adjusting the front and back positions of the second motor supporting plate and the left and right positions of the speed reducing motor positioned on the second motor supporting plate; then the connecting rod is arranged in a proper mounting hole on the turntable, finally the grinding mechanism is controlled to descend, and the grinding rod is slowly introduced into the grinding hole of the workpiece until the grinding hole is filled; and starting the two speed reducing motors to enable the hole to be ground of the workpiece and the working surface of the grinding rod to form relative compound motion of up-and-down sliding and horizontal plane rotation, so as to realize grinding. After grinding is finished, the motor is stopped, the grinding mechanism is lifted, a sufficient space for clamping the workpiece is formed, and the next workpiece to be ground is replaced, so that batch grinding is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting frame disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of two side rails and a lead screw disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a slider-crank mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece transport mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a support frame disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 100-support frame, 101-upper bearing seat mounting plate, 102-lower bearing seat mounting plate, 103-left cross beam, 104-right cross beam, 105-left longitudinal beam, 106-right longitudinal beam, 200-grinding mechanism, 201-first motor support plate, 202-left bent plate, 203-right bent plate, 204-handle support frame, 205-middle longitudinal beam, 206-transverse support beam, 300-lifting mechanism, 301-left guide rail, 302-right guide rail, 303-left sliding block, 304-right sliding block, 305-upper bearing seat, 306-lower bearing seat, 307-handle, 308-lead screw nut, 309-lead screw, 310-screw, 400-crank sliding block mechanism, 401-middle guide rail, 402-middle sliding block, 403-turntable, 404-pin rod, 405-connecting rod, 406-conversion sliding block, 407-universal joint, 500-workpiece transmission mechanism, 501-second motor supporting plate, 502-chuck, 601-first motor and 602-second motor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the semi-automatic polishing apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a supporting frame 100, a polishing mechanism 200, and a workpiece conveying mechanism 500:
the support 100 includes a base and a bracket, as shown in fig. 2, the bracket includes two longitudinal beams vertically disposed on the base, namely a left longitudinal beam 105, a right longitudinal beam 106, and a cross beam horizontally fixed between the upper ends of the two longitudinal beams.
Preferably, two longitudinal beams of the bracket are respectively provided with a side guide rail, the first motor support plate 201 is arranged in the side guide rail, a guide rod is vertically penetrated on the first motor support plate 201, the guide rod is preferably a lead screw 309, the lower end of the lead screw 309 is fixed on the base, the upper end of the lead screw 309 is arranged on the cross beam, and a fixing part is further arranged on a rod body below the first motor support plate 201 and used for fixing the first motor support plate 201 when the first motor support plate 201 moves to a preset height; more preferably, the length of the side rails is 2 times that of the middle rail 401, so as to prevent the grinding rod moving stroke from exceeding the length of the middle rail and separating from the middle rail.
The workpiece transmission mechanism 500 is arranged on the base, the workpiece transmission mechanism 500 can enable the workpiece to be ground to move to a grinding station along the left-right direction or the front-back direction, the workpiece transmission mechanism comprises a second motor 602, the output shaft of the second motor 602 faces upwards, and the workpiece to be ground is arranged on the output shaft.
Preferably, the workpiece transmission mechanism 500 includes a second motor support plate 501, a second motor 602 and a chuck 502, the second motor support plate 501 is disposed on the base and can move back and forth in a translational manner, a mounting groove is formed in the second motor support plate 501, the second motor 602 is mounted in the groove and can move left and right in a translational manner, an output shaft of the second motor 602 faces upwards, the output shaft is connected with the chuck 502, and the chuck 502 is a clamping member such as a three-jaw chuck or a 5-jaw chuck and is used for clamping a workpiece to be ground.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the grinding mechanism 200 includes a first motor support plate 201 and a slider-crank mechanism 400, wherein the first motor support plate 201 is horizontally disposed between two longitudinal beams and can slide up and down between the two longitudinal beams; the slider-crank mechanism 400 comprises a first motor 601, a driving link 403, a middle guide rail 401 and a grinding rod, wherein the first motor 601 is arranged on the upper surface of a first motor support plate 201, and the output shaft of the motor is perpendicular to the cross beam; the middle guide rail 401 is vertically arranged and fixed on the front side surface of the first motor support plate 201; the driving member 403 is connected with an output shaft of a first motor 601, the grinding rod is arranged on the middle guide rail 401, the driving member 403 and the grinding rod are connected through a connecting rod 405, and the connection part of the grinding rod and the connecting rod 405 can rotate, so that flexible grinding is realized;
the first motor supporting plate 201 is used for moving downwards to drive the grinding rod to be matched with the grinding hole, the first motor 601 is used for driving the driving link 403 to do rotary motion, one end of the connecting rod 405 rotates along with the driving link 403, the other end of the connecting rod drives the grinding rod to do up-and-down motion in the grinding hole along the middle guide rail 401, and the second motor 602 is used for driving a workpiece to be ground to rotate so that the grinding rod relatively rotates around the central axis of the grinding hole, so that grinding is achieved.
Preferably, the motive power member 403 is preferably a rotary disk, and the center of the rotary disk is connected with the output shaft of the first motor 601.
Preferably, an offset distance exists between the rotation center of the driving member 403 and the central line of the guide path of the grinding rod moving up and down.
Preferably, the turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and one end of the connecting rod 405 is fixed in any one of the mounting holes; preferably, the mounting holes are uniformly distributed along the radius direction of the turntable; further preferably, the plurality of mounting holes are arranged in a straight line in a radial direction of the turntable.
Preferably, the crank-slider mechanism 400 in the previous embodiment further comprises a middle slider 402 and a conversion slider 406, wherein: one end of the connecting rod 405 is fixed on the conversion sliding block 406, and the other end thereof is fixed on the driving link 403; the middle sliding block 402 is sleeved on the middle guide rail 401, the front end face of the middle sliding block 402 is connected with the conversion sliding block 406, the grinding rod is arranged at the lower end of the conversion sliding block 406, and when the workpiece to be processed rotates, the grinding rod can rotate relative to the grinding hole to realize grinding; preferably, the coaxiality of the central axis of the grinding rod and the central axis of the grinding hole is within 0.1mm, so that excessive eccentric wear can be avoided, and uniform grinding is ensured.
As a further preference, the conversion slider 406 is connected with the lapping rod by a universal joint 407, or the conversion slider 406 is preferably connected with the lapping rod by a spherical pair, and these flexible connections can realize flexible lapping of the lapping rod.
As a further preference, the lapping rod can be rotated relative to the conversion slide by connecting a motor in a direction opposite to the direction in which the workpiece to be machined is rotated, so that the lapping efficiency is higher.
Preferably, the stroke of the up-and-down movement of the grinding rod is preferably 1 to 2 times, and preferably 1.5 times, of the depth of the grinding hole, so that the grinding effect of the grinding hole can be optimized.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment discloses a semi-automatic grinding device, which can be used for grinding valve sleeve and valve body workpiece holes in hydraulic equipment to change the way of manual grinding.
The semi-automatic grinding device of the present embodiment includes a support frame 100, a grinding mechanism 200, and a workpiece transfer mechanism 500. The workpiece transmission mechanism 500 is arranged on the base, and conveys the workpiece to the grinding station, so that the grinding rod can be just inserted into the grinding hole of the workpiece after moving downwards under the driving of the grinding mechanism 200. The grinding mechanism 200 includes a slider-crank mechanism 400, and the slider-crank mechanism 400 drives the grinding rod to move linearly up and down in the grinding hole by the power provided by the first speed-reducing motor 601. The workpiece transmission mechanism 500 includes a second motor 602, an output shaft of the second motor 602 is disposed in the vertical direction, a chuck 502 is disposed on the output shaft of the motor for clamping a workpiece, and when the second motor 602 rotates, the workpiece can be driven to rotate around the axis of the output shaft of the second motor 602, so that a surface to be ground of the workpiece and a working surface of the grinding rod form a relative sliding and rotating combined motion, thereby realizing grinding.
The slider-crank mechanism 400 enables the grinding rod to do linear motion in the vertical direction, and on the basis, the support frame of the whole grinding device is in a vertical layout and comprises a base and a support, wherein the support comprises a left longitudinal beam 105 and a right longitudinal beam 106 which are vertically arranged on the base, and a cross beam which is horizontally fixed between the upper ends of the two longitudinal beams, and the two longitudinal beams are fixed on the left side surface and the right side surface of the base. Compared with a horizontal layout, the vertical layout mode can eliminate the eccentric wear phenomenon caused by the gravity of the grinding device, so that the ground workpiece is more uniform, the abrasion among all parts is ensured to be more uniform, and the service life of the grinding device is further prolonged.
Preferably, the support frame 100 is formed by welding square steel, angle steel, steel plates, etc., and after welding, the left longitudinal beam 105 and the right longitudinal beam 106 are ensured to be parallel. Referring to fig. 4, the two longitudinal beams are provided with side guide rails, a left guide rail 301 and a right guide rail 302, the guide rails are respectively installed on the left longitudinal beam 105 and the right longitudinal beam 106 through screws, and the left guide rail 301 and the right guide rail 302 are equal in height and parallel. Two guide rails on the longitudinal beam, namely a left guide rail 301 and a right guide rail 302 are both SB30 round guide rails; the guide rail is also provided with a left slide block 303 and a right slide block 304 respectively, and the two slide blocks are SBR30UU linear slide blocks.
The base is also vertically fixed with a lifting mechanism 300 which comprises a lead screw 309, the top end of the lead screw 309 is connected with a bracket beam, the top end of the lead screw is provided with an upper bearing seat 305, and a 2-piece angular contact ball bearing 7206AC is pressed into a hole of the upper bearing seat 305 in an interference manner; the bottom end of the lead screw 309 is provided with a lower bearing seat 306, the lower bearing seat 306 is arranged on the lower bearing seat mounting plate 102 of the base, 1 piece of angular contact ball bearing 7206AC and 1 piece of thrust ball bearing 54306U are pressed into the hole of the lower bearing seat 306 in an interference manner, and the angular contact ball bearing 7206AC is arranged on the upper portion of the thrust ball bearing 54306U.
The grinding mechanism 200 further includes a first motor support plate 201, and the slider-crank mechanism 400 is disposed on the first motor support plate 201. The first motor support plate 201 is fixedly connected with the right slider 304 and the left slider 303 through bolts by the right bent plate 202 and the left bent plate 203 on the left and right sides thereof, respectively, so as to slide up and down in the side guide rail. A through hole is formed in the first motor support plate 201, and the screw 309 penetrates through the through hole of the first motor support plate 201, and the through hole is located as close as possible to the center of gravity of the plane of the upper motor support plate 201, so that the screw nut 308 is stressed uniformly. A screw nut 308 is disposed on the lower end of the first motor support plate 201 of the screw 309 for fixing the first motor support plate 201 at a predetermined height.
To ensure that the lead screw nut 308 does not tilt in the vertical direction, it is necessary to ensure that the axes of the bearing mounting holes of the upper bearing seat 305 and the lower bearing seat 306 are collinear. The assembly sequence is as follows: firstly, firmly welding a lower bearing seat mounting plate 102 and a support frame 100; then the lower bearing seat 306 is arranged on the lower bearing seat mounting plate 102 through screws; respectively pressing a thrust ball bearing 54306U and an angular contact ball bearing 7206AC into the hole of the lower bearing seat 306 in an interference manner; pressing the lower end shaft portion of the lead screw 309 into the bearing hole by interference; the lead screw nut 308 is sleeved into the lead screw 309; the first motor supporting plate 201 is sleeved into the screw 309, and the screw nut 308 supports the first motor supporting plate 201 at a fixed height; after the upper bearing seat 305 is pressed into the angular contact ball bearing 7206AC in an interference manner, the whole body is pressed into the upper end shaft part of the lead screw 309 in an interference manner; the upper bearing block 305 is mounted on the upper bearing block mounting plate 101 through screws; and adjusting the position of the upper bearing seat mounting plate 101, and welding and fixing the upper bearing seat mounting plate 101 and the support frame 100 after ensuring that the axes of the bearing mounting holes of the upper bearing seat 305 and the lower bearing seat 306 are collinear.
After the screw nut 308 is fixedly connected with the first motor support plate 201 through a screw, the rotational degree of freedom of the screw nut 308 is limited, and when the screw 309 rotates, the screw nut 308 is pushed to move along the vertical direction.
The slider-crank mechanism 400 includes a first motor 601, a driving element 403 (the driving element is a circular turntable), a middle guide rail 401, and a grinding rod, wherein the middle guide rail 401 is an SB30 circular guide rail. The first motor 601 is disposed on the upper surface of the first motor support plate 201, and the output shaft of the first motor 601 is disposed in front and rear directions and parallel to the mounting surface.
The middle longitudinal beam 205 is arranged below the first motor support plate 201, the middle guide rail 401 is installed on the middle longitudinal beam 205, the middle sliding block 402 and the conversion sliding block 406 which are connected through screws are assembled on the middle guide rail 401, the grinding rod is connected below the conversion sliding block 406, and the middle sliding block 402 drives the grinding rod to move up and down on the middle guide rail 401. The prime mover 403 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 601, and the prime mover 403 and the middle slider 402 are connected by a connecting rod 405. The slider-crank mechanism 400 drives the conversion slider 406 to reciprocate up and down by the rotation of the driving link 403 through the connecting rod 405.
In order to extend the grinding range and enable the grinding device to grind holes of different lengths, it is desirable that the stroke of the conversion slide 406 be adjustable. Therefore, the slider-crank mechanism 400 in this embodiment is an offset slider-crank mechanism, the length of the connecting rod 405 is fixed, the driving link 403 is equivalent to the other connecting rod of the crank, and the fixing position of the connecting rod 405 on the component is adjustable, so that three rows of mounting holes with the same central angle are drilled on the turntable, and in each row of mounting holes, the distance from the center of each mounting hole to the center of the turntable 403 increases according to an arithmetic progression along the direction from the center of the turntable 403 to the edge of the turntable, i.e. the center of each mounting hole and the center of the turntable 403 have different polar coordinate radiuses, thereby ensuring that the stroke of the conversion slider 406 is adjustable.
In order to realize flexible grinding, the grinding rod is connected with the conversion slide block 406 after being converted by the universal joint 407. In this embodiment, the conversion sliding block 406 is first connected to the universal joint 407 through a screw thread, and then the universal joint 407 is connected to the grinding rod through a screw thread. Here, the connection method of the grinding rod and the conversion slider 406 is not limited to the universal joint connection, and includes a flexible method such as a spherical pair connection.
Preferably, the connecting rod 405 is connected with the rotating disc 403 through a pin rod 404, and a clamp spring bayonet is arranged on the pin rod 404 to prevent the connecting rod 405 from falling off.
Preferably, the length of the middle guide rail 401 is required to be longer than the stroke of the conversion slider 406, so as to ensure that the conversion slider 406 does not disengage from the guide rail 401 during the movement process, i.e., the quick return position of the conversion slider 406 is within the length range of the middle guide rail 401.
Similarly, in order to grind workpieces with different lengths, the lengths of the left guide rail 301 and the right guide rail 302 should not be too short, and the lengths should be at least 2 times of the length of the middle guide rail 401.
Preferably, in order to adjust the position of the first motor 601 conveniently and avoid the phenomenon that the first motor 601 cannot be installed due to assembly errors, the motor installation hole in the first motor support plate 201 is set to be a kidney-shaped hole.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a tripod 204 is further disposed below the first motor support plate 201, and the tripod 204 is used for supporting and fixing the intermediate guide rail 401; the tripod 204 is formed by welding a middle longitudinal beam 205, a transverse supporting beam 206 and two oblique reinforcing ribs.
For the convenience of operation of personnel, a section of optical axis is processed at the position of the lead screw 309 close to the base to be used as a neck, the handle 307 is additionally arranged at the neck, and a through hole is drilled at the neck of the lead screw 309 to penetrate through the screw 310. The screw 310 is first passed through the handle 307 and then through the through hole at the upper neck of the lead screw 309, and then the nut is tightened to fix.
Preferably, the top end and the bottom end of the lead screw 309 are processed into shafts, so that the top end shaft is pressed into the angular contact ball bearing 7206AC in an interference manner, and the top end shaft can extend out of the upper bearing seat mounting plate 101 for mounting the top end shaft; the bottom shaft is pressed into a thrust ball bearing 54306U and an angular contact ball bearing 7206AC in an interference mode, and the bottom shaft can extend out of the lower bearing seat mounting plate 102.
Referring to fig. 6, in order to fix the workpiece, the workpiece is fixed by a chuck 502 in the present embodiment, and optionally, the chuck 502 may be a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck. The chuck 502 is drivingly connected to the output of the second motor 602.
In order to ensure uniform grinding and avoid large eccentric wear, the eccentric wear amount should be reduced, and the axis of the grinding rod and the axis of the hole of the workpiece are required to be collinear. For this reason, the workpiece position is required to be adjustable.
In order to ensure that the position of the workpiece is adjustable, the mounting hole of the second motor 602 on the second motor support plate 501 is a waist-shaped hole, so that the position of the second motor is adjustable in the left-right direction; the base comprises a left cross beam 103 and a right cross beam 104, wherein mounting holes for mounting the second motor support plate 501 are respectively formed in the left cross beam 103 and the right cross beam, and the mounting holes are waist-shaped holes, so that the position of the second motor support plate 501 in the front-back direction can be adjusted; two sides of a mounting hole of a second motor 602 on the second motor support plate 501 are provided with 2 rows of threaded holes, and the second motor 602 can be jacked up by screwing a screw upwards from the bottom of the threaded hole, so that the height of a grinding hole of a workpiece in the vertical direction can be adjusted, and batch grinding of one type of workpiece can be completed after one-time height adjustment is completed.
The grinding method of the grinding device in the above embodiment comprises:
firstly, rotating a handle structure to enable the grinding mechanism 200 to be lifted, and forming a sufficient space for clamping a workpiece; clamping the workpiece by using the chuck 502; the height and the angle of the grinding hole of the workpiece are indirectly adjusted by adjusting the position of the second motor 602 in the left-right direction, the position of the second motor supporting plate 501 in the up-down direction and the height of the second motor 602 by two rows of adjusting screws, so that the coaxiality of the grinding hole of the workpiece and the grinding rod is within 0.1 mm; adjusting the installation position of the connecting rod 405 on the turntable 403 to ensure that the stroke of the conversion sliding block 406 is about 1.5 times of the length of the workpiece hole; rotating the handle structure to lower the grinding mechanism 200, slowly introducing the grinding rod into the workpiece hole, and continuously lowering the grinding mechanism 200 until the grinding hole of the workpiece is completely filled; sixthly, starting the first motor 601 and the second motor 602 in sequence to enable the surface to be ground of the workpiece and the working surface of the grinding rod to form relative sliding and rotating composite motion, so as to realize grinding; seventhly, after the grinding is finished, the first motor 601 and the second motor 602 are stopped successively; eighthly, after the grinding is finished, rotating the handle structure to enable the grinding mechanism 200 to be lifted, and forming a sufficient space for clamping the workpiece; ninthly, replacing the next workpiece for grinding. Repeating the steps (i) - (ninthly) can realize batch grinding.
In other embodiments, the aforesaid handle structure can also be controlled by an electric signal, and a position sensing structure is provided at the installation position of the grinding rod and the chuck 502, so as to automatically adjust the positions of the grinding rod and the chuck through the position information fed back by the structure, so that the grinding rod and the chuck can be automatically assembled and automatically ground.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A semi-automatic grinding device, characterized by, include support frame (100), work piece transport mechanism (500) and grinding mechanism (200), wherein:
the supporting frame (100) is used for mounting the transmission mechanism (500) and the grinding mechanism (200);
the workpiece transmission mechanism (500) is arranged at the lower part of the support frame (100) and is used for conveying a workpiece to be ground to a grinding station, the workpiece transmission mechanism (500) comprises a second motor (602), and the second motor (602) is used for driving the workpiece to be ground to rotate;
the grinding mechanism (200) comprises a first motor supporting plate (201) and a slider-crank mechanism (400), wherein the first motor supporting plate (201) is arranged on the supporting frame (100), is positioned above the transmission mechanism (500), and can slide up and down; the crank slider mechanism (400) comprises a first motor (601), a middle guide rail (401), a driving element (403) and a grinding rod, wherein the first motor (601) is arranged on the upper surface of the first motor support plate (201); the middle guide rail (401) is vertically arranged and fixed on the front side surface of the first motor support plate (201); the prime mover (403) is connected with an output shaft of the first motor (601); the grinding rod is arranged on the middle guide rail (401) and is connected with the motive power piece (403) through a connecting rod (405);
during operation, first motor backup pad (201) are used for driving the grinding rod up-and-down motion, make it with wait to grind the hole cooperation on the work piece, first motor (601) are used for driving member (403) are rotary motion, and then drive the grinding rod is followed middle part guide rail (401) is in do up-and-down motion in grinding the hole, second motor (602) drive wait to grind the work piece rotation, make on it wait to grind the hole around the grinding rod is rotatory to the realization is ground.
2. A semi-automated milling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the prime mover (403) is preferably a rotary disc, the centre of which is connected to the output shaft of the first motor (601).
3. The semi-automated abrading apparatus of claim 2, wherein the center of rotation of the wheel is offset from the path of the upward and downward movement of the abrading rod.
4. The semi-automatic grinding device according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and one end of the connecting rod (405) is fixed in any one of the mounting holes; preferably, the plurality of mounting holes are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the rotating disc.
5. A semi-automated milling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the slider-crank mechanism (400) further comprises a middle slider (402) and a conversion slider (406), wherein the connecting rod (405) is fixed at one end to the conversion slider (406) and at the other end to the prime mover (403); the middle sliding block (402) is sleeved on the middle guide rail (401), the front end face of the middle sliding block is connected with the conversion sliding block (406), and the grinding rod is arranged at the lower end of the conversion sliding block (406); preferably, the grinding rod is rotatable relative to the conversion slide (406).
6. A semi-automated milling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the central axis of the milling rod is preferably within 0.1mm of the central axis of the milling aperture.
7. A semi-automated milling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the conversion slide (406) is connected to the milling rod, preferably by a gimbal (407) or a spherical pair.
8. The semi-automatic grinding device of claim 1, wherein the stroke of the grinding rod is preferably 1-2 times the depth of the grinding hole.
9. The semi-automatic grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece transfer mechanism (500) further comprises a second motor support plate (501) and a chuck (502), the second motor support plate (501) is disposed at the lower part of the support frame (100) and can move back and forth, a second motor (602) is disposed on the second motor support plate (501) and can move left and right, the chuck (502) is connected to an output shaft of the second motor (602), and the chuck (502) is used for clamping the workpiece to be ground.
10. The semi-automatic grinding device of claim 1, wherein the support frame (100) comprises a base and a bracket, the bracket comprises two longitudinal beams vertically arranged on the base and a cross beam horizontally fixed between the upper ends of the two longitudinal beams; the first motor support plate (201) is matched with the guide rail to realize vertical sliding, and a guide rod (309) vertically penetrates through the first motor support plate; the lower end of the guide rod (309) is fixed on the base, and the upper end of the guide rod is arranged on the cross beam; preferably, the guide rod (309) is further provided with a thread and a fixing part matched with the thread on a rod body located below the first motor support plate (201), and the fixing part is used for fixing the first motor support plate (201) to a preset height; preferably, the length of the guide rails on the two longitudinal beams is 2 times that of the middle guide rail (401).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210883854.3A CN115070602A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Semi-automatic grinding device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210883854.3A CN115070602A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Semi-automatic grinding device |
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| CN115070602A true CN115070602A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210883854.3A Pending CN115070602A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Semi-automatic grinding device |
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