CN114517135A - 一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种低泡除油剂，尤其是涉及一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂及其制备方法。包括以下质量份的制备原料：十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚20％～25％，月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐10％～15％，直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚5％～10％，余量为去离子水。能增效除油剂的乳化、分散性能，提高除油剂的除油效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种低泡除油剂，尤其是涉及一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
涤纶纤维在纺丝和织造过程中连续不断的摩擦，易产生大量静电，影响纺织加工。为消除因纤维摩擦而产生的静电，减少断头率，需要加入适当的油剂，这些油剂主要由锭子油、齿轮油、白矿物油、黑机油等组成。而油剂的加入对纤维后续的染整工艺却是不利的，织物除油时需将油剂、油污彻底除净，否则会对后序的染整加工造成极大伤害，使织物产生色花、色疵等问题。
涤纶织物在间歇式除油工艺时，溢流机内部高温高压，且工作液不停循环流动并撞击缸壁，产生大量泡沫，导致以下问题的出现：
(1)工作液中除下的油污、杂质等易漂浮于泡沫之中，与织物接触后造成返沾。
(2)泡沫太多后易使溢流机发生“空吸”，造成织物堵缸。
目前公开专利中为降低助剂泡沫大多采用添加消泡剂的方法，但消泡剂大部分是有机硅类，在间歇式除油工艺高温高压的条件下，消泡剂中的有机硅组分极不稳定，易破乳析出沾污织物，产生硅斑。
公开号为CN109370795B，名称为“涤/氨及锦氨混纺针织面料连续加工用除油剂及其制备方法”的中国发明专利公开了由聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂、螯合剂、氟碳表面活性剂、有机氟整理剂等表面活性剂制备的连续加工用除油剂，具有良好的油去除性、乳化分散性、防反沾性和快速渗透性，但其组份中有机氟对环保不利。
公开号为CN110527601A，名称为“一种用于化纤织物的低温除油剂及其制备方法”的中国发明专利公开了由含烷基糖苷的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、含烷基糖苷的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、含烷基糖苷的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸酯三者为主要组份的低温除油剂，具有良好的去污性、脱脂性和分散性，但该除油剂泡沫较高，在除油工艺时除下的油污等杂质易漂浮于泡沫之中，与织物接触后造成返沾，甚至发生“堵缸现象”。
发明内容
本发明目的是客服现有技术的不足，提供一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂，包括以下质量份的制备原料：
十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚20％～25％，月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐10％～15％，直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚5％～10％，余量为去离子水。
作为优选，十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚的EO数为12,所述月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的EO数为7，所述直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚的EO数为9。
一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂的制备方法，按以下步骤进行：
(1)按照除油剂组分的质量百分数换算成具体质量并称取各原料；
(2)将月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐和直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚加入到去离子水中，搅拌混合均匀；
(3)向步骤(2)的混合液中加入十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚，然后搅拌混合均匀，得成品环保型低泡除油剂。
本发明提供的一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂的制备方法，通过将阴离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂复配增效，利用十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚具有极低的动态表面张力，在涤纶织物的间歇式除油工艺中，无需添加消泡剂即可有效抑制动态条件下泡沫的产生，即防止了油污、杂质漂浮于泡沫中造成返沾；又避免了消泡剂的硅斑问题；而且其含有的不饱和炔基，能增效除油剂的乳化、分散性能，提高除油剂的除油效果。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步的描述。
实施例1：按照除油剂组分的质量百分数换算成具体质量，将10g月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐和10g直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚加入到60g去离子水中，搅拌混合均匀；向混合液中加入20g十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚，然后搅拌混合均匀，得到成品环保型低泡除油剂。
实施例2：按照除油剂组分的质量百分数换算成具体质量，将15g月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐和10g直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚加入到50g去离子水中，搅拌混合均匀；向混合液中加入25g十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚，然后搅拌混合均匀，得到成品环保型低泡除油剂。
实施例3：按照除油剂组分的质量百分数换算成具体质量，将15g月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐和10g直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚加入到55g去离子水中，搅拌混合均匀；向混合液中加入20g十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚，然后搅拌混合均匀，得到成品环保型低泡除油剂。
对比例：
国产M：高效精练去油剂M-105B(杭州美高华颐化工有限公司)；
进口F：高效除油剂FORYL HY-E(科凯精细化工(上海)有限公司)。
实验方法：
(一)应用工艺
1、测试用油配制：先将10#白矿物油、齿轮油与黑机油1:1:1混合均匀为专用油。
2、油布制作：剪5g涤纶针织布(去油后)，分别在布中心位置处滴0.1毫升测试用油，待油润湿开后，用高温定型机175℃定型45秒。
3、除油液配比：
除油剂 1g/L
液碱(32％NaOH) 5g/L
浴比1:20
工艺流程：2.0℃/min速率升温至100℃保温30min，以3℃/min速率降温至40℃，水洗烘干。
(二)测试指标与方法：
1、乳化性：
将除油剂配制成1g/L的水溶液，取30mL水溶液与30mL专用油于100mL高脚烧杯中，均质机1000r/min转速下均质60s后，静置于100mL量筒中，记录下层分层至5mL水相所需时间。时间越长。乳化力越强。
2、泡沫性：将除油剂配制成10g/L的水溶液，倒20mL于100mL具塞量筒中(具塞量筒在筒身上贴有毫米刻度尺的打印纸标尺)，加盖，上下用力摇晃20次，放置于平整桌面，记录泡沫高度，1min后再次记录泡沫高度。
3、除油性：
参照GB/T 251-2008《纺织品色牢试验评定沾色用灰色样卡》，通过人眼观看判断油污的去除程度，用沾色灰色样卡进行比较评级，除油效果分为5级，5级最好，1级最差。
(三)应用效果：
表1应用测试结果
实验结果
由以上数据可知，本发明各实施例在涤纶织物中的除油性、乳化性及泡沫性均优于市场样对比例；最后，应当指出，以上实施例仅是本发明较有代表性的例子。显然，本发明的技术方案不限于上述实施例，还可以有许多变形。凡是从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形，均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂，其特征在于：包括以下质量份的制备原料：
十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚20％～25％，月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐10％～15％，直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚5％～10％，余量为去离子水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂，其特征在于：十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚的EO数为12,所述月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的EO数为7，所述直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚的EO数为9。
3.根据权利要求1和2所述的一种涤纶织物用环保型低泡除油剂的制备方法，其特征在于按以下步骤进行：
(1)按照除油剂组分的质量百分数换算成具体质量并称取各原料；
(2)将月桂酸甲酯聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐和直链十二醇聚氧乙烯醚加入到去离子水中，搅拌混合均匀；
(3)向步骤(2)的混合液中加入十二碳炔二醇聚氧乙烯醚，然后搅拌混合均匀，得成品环保型低泡除油剂。
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