CN114342655B - Encircling type field watermelon harvester - Google Patents
Encircling type field watermelon harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN114342655B CN114342655B CN202111655745.8A CN202111655745A CN114342655B CN 114342655 B CN114342655 B CN 114342655B CN 202111655745 A CN202111655745 A CN 202111655745A CN 114342655 B CN114342655 B CN 114342655B
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Abstract
The invention provides an encircling type field watermelon harvester which comprises an encircling header device, a conveying and blanking system, a cab, a bin body, a buffer collecting device, a trash discharging fan, a bin, a main frame, a rattan removing fan and a traveling system, wherein the conveying and blanking system is arranged on the frame; the conveying and blanking system, the cab, the bin body and the melon vine bin are respectively arranged on the main frame, and the traveling system is arranged below the main frame; the encircling cutting table device is connected with one end of the conveying and blanking system, and the other end of the conveying and blanking system is connected with one side of the bin body; the buffer collecting device is positioned in a bin of the bin body, and an inlet of the buffer collecting device is communicated with the other end of the conveying and blanking system; the impurity removing fan is arranged on the other side of the bin body, and the rattan removing fan is arranged on one side of the bin body. The invention reduces the labor intensity, has certain stability, reliability and low failure rate, realizes the efficient harvesting of watermelons and improves the harvesting efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of field watermelon harvesting equipment, in particular to an encircling field watermelon harvester.
Background
Watermelon is a 1-year-old herb plant of Cucurbitaceae, is eaten by mature fruits, has succulent and sweet taste, contains multiple vitamins and minerals, and is a favorite fruit in summer. The production area and the consumption amount of the watermelons in the world are nearly 70 percent of those in the world, and the watermelon planting becomes an indispensable industry in rural economic structure adjustment. However, in the aspect of mechanized harvesting of watermelons, most areas still mainly adopt manual harvesting at present, the labor intensity is high, labor and time are wasted, the production efficiency is low, the mode of manual harvesting and auxiliary mechanized transportation is combined at the beginning of small areas abroad and in China, manual harvesting and carrying are still needed, the steps are complex, and the related technology of mechanized harvesting of watermelons is lacked.
At present, aiming at the harvesting and transportation of watermelons, chinese invention CN201710502824.2 discloses a watermelon harvester, provides a watermelon harvester and a harvesting method thereof, and places watermelons on a secondary conveying device, wherein the secondary conveying device conveys the watermelons to a main conveying device, and the main conveying device conveys the watermelons to a weight screening device for gravity screening, so that the watermelon harvesting flow is simplified; the invention CN202110985652.5 discloses a machine vision-based sortable watermelon harvesting conveyor, and provides a machine vision-based sortable watermelon harvesting conveyor, which can convey watermelons while moving forward through the combination of a chain transmission mechanism and a bearing mechanism, so that the watermelon harvesting and conveying efficiency is improved, and the machine vision technology is adopted, so that the watermelons are accurately sorted, and the sorting quality is high.
The technology aims at the design of a method and equipment for harvesting and carrying watermelons, most of current harvesters adopt the conveying device to combine with a manual picking mode for harvesting watermelons, but due to the specificity of field planting, the semi-mechanized harvesting mode can cause the problems of high labor intensity and high economic time cost, so that the benefits of vast farmers are damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the encircling type field watermelon harvester, which aims at the problem that the field watermelon planting lacks a mechanized harvesting means and has large workload, and is different from the commonly used semi-mechanized principle that the watermelon is transmitted through combining manual harvesting with a mechanical conveying groove. The watermelon harvesting machine has the advantages that the watermelon harvesting machine achieves large-scale harvesting of watermelons, meanwhile, the melon vine residues brought by most harvesting are reduced, the work workload is greatly reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the efficient harvesting of watermelons is achieved, and the harvesting efficiency is improved.
The present invention achieves the above technical object by the following means.
An encircling type field watermelon harvester comprises an encircling header device, a conveying and blanking system, a cab, a bin body, a buffer collecting device, a trash discharging fan, a bin, a main frame, a rattan removing fan and a traveling system; the conveying and blanking system, the cab, the bin body and the melon vine bin are respectively arranged on the main frame, and the traveling system is arranged below the main frame; the encircling cutting table device is connected with one end of the conveying and blanking system, and the other end of the conveying and blanking system is connected with one side of the bin body; the buffer collecting device is positioned in a bin of the bin body, and an inlet of the buffer collecting device is communicated with the other end of the conveying and blanking system; the impurity removing fan is arranged on the other side of the bin body, and the rattan removing fan is arranged on one side of the bin body.
In the scheme, the melon vine storage bin is also included; and the melon vine bin is communicated with the conveying and blanking system.
Further, the encircling cutting table device comprises a blade base, an upper supporting beam, a connecting shaft, a cutting table supporting beam, a cutting table back plate, a supporting beam, a cutting table bottom plate, encircling blades, an inner transmission chain and an inner rotation gear;
the blade base is provided with a plurality of encircling blades, an inner transmission chain is arranged in the blade base, inner transmission gears are arranged at two ends of the inner transmission chain and meshed with the inner transmission gears, the inner transmission gears are connected with a supporting beam through gear shafts, the upper end of the supporting beam is connected with an upper supporting beam, the lower end of the supporting beam is connected with a cutting table bottom plate, the tail end of the cutting table bottom plate is connected with a cutting table back plate, and the cutting table back plate is connected with a connecting shaft through a cutting table supporting beam.
Further, the conveying and blanking system comprises a feeding plate, a side plate driven gear, a side plate transmission chain, a side plate driving wheel, at least one melon vine baffle curtain, a melon vine blanking baffle plate and a conveying groove;
the feeding plate is hinged with the lower end of the conveying groove, the upper end of the conveying groove is connected with the bin body, the side plate transmission chain is positioned in the conveying groove, the side plate driven gear and the side plate driving wheel are respectively arranged at the two ends of the conveying groove, the melon vine blanking baffle is arranged below the side plate transmission chain, a melon vine blanking channel is formed between the melon vine blanking channel and the conveying groove, the melon vine blanking channel is communicated with the melon vine bin, and the melon vine baffle curtain is arranged at the upper end of the conveying groove and is positioned above the inlet of the melon vine blanking channel.
In the scheme, the conveying groove is connected with the main frame through the liftable supporting rod.
In the scheme, 2-3 melon vine blocking curtains are arranged at the tail end of the conveying and blanking system along the conveying direction, and a gap of 10-20 cm is reserved between every two adjacent melon vine blocking curtains.
In the scheme, the buffer collecting device comprises an upper supporting cross rod, a buffer blocking net, a lower supporting cross rod, a lower hydraulic cylinder, a fixed side plate and an upper hydraulic cylinder;
the fixed side plate is arranged on the bin body, one end of the upper support cross rod is hinged with the upper part of the fixed side plate, the lower support cross rod is positioned below the upper support cross rod, one end of the lower support cross rod is hinged with the fixed side plate, the buffer blocking net is arranged on the upper support cross rod and the lower support cross rod to form a collecting channel, and an inlet of the collecting channel is connected with an inlet of the bin body; one end of the lower hydraulic cylinder is connected with the fixed side plate, the other end of the lower hydraulic cylinder is connected with one end of the lower support cross rod, one end of the upper hydraulic cylinder is connected with the fixed side plate, and the other end of the upper hydraulic cylinder is connected with one end of the upper support cross rod.
In the scheme, the impurity removing fan further comprises a fan inner plate, fan blades, a diversion pipeline and a blade rotating shaft;
one end of the guide pipeline is arranged at the tail part of the bin body, the fan blade is arranged on the inner plate of the fan through the blade rotating shaft, and one end of the guide pipeline of the inner plate of the fan is arranged in the tail part of the bin body.
In the scheme, the rattan fan comprises a fan shell, a guide plate and exhaust blades;
the exhaust blades are arranged in the fan shell, and the guide plate is arranged at the outlet of the fan shell.
In the scheme, the melon vine bin comprises a melon vine blanking slideway, a bin box body, a locking buckle handle and a bin door; the bin box body is arranged on the main frame; and one end of the melon vine blanking slideway is communicated with the conveying blanking system, the other end of the melon vine blanking slideway is communicated with the bin box body, the bin box body is provided with a bin door, and the bin door is provided with a locking buckle handle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the encircling type field watermelon harvester disclosed by the invention is different from a commonly used semi-mechanized principle that the mechanical harvesting and conveying trough is combined for conveying, and is used for simulating manual watermelon picking up to pick up the watermelon from the field, conveying the watermelon into the harvester through a conveying blanking system, simultaneously pulling down the melon vine through an inertia principle, and further removing melon vine impurities through the cooperation of a double fan. The melon vine residues brought by most harvesting are reduced while the large-scale harvesting of the watermelons is realized, and the operation workload is greatly reduced.
2. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, the encircling cutting table device is designed for solving the problem that watermelon harvesting is difficult to pick up, the manual watermelon encircling process is simulated, and the encircling blades are utilized to rotate, so that the watermelon is picked into the harvester from the field.
3. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, a conveying and blanking system is designed aiming at the feeding problem of watermelons, the watermelon falls into the conveying and blanking system by means of inertia of the watermelon by means of the front end inclination angle of the shrinkage feeding plate, and meanwhile the shrinkage feeding plate can be driven to shrink inwards by a transmission system to drive the watermelon to feed into the conveying and blanking system.
4. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, 2-3 melon vine blocking curtains are arranged at the tail end of a conveying and blanking system aiming at the separation problem of melon vine and watermelon, a gap of 10-20 cm is reserved between the melon vine blocking curtains, the melon vine blocking curtains are driven backwards when the watermelon harvester is used for conveying the watermelon, and the melon vine on the watermelon is pulled down by virtue of the inertia force when the melon vine blocking curtains return to fall back.
5. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, the melon vine bin is designed for solving the problems of melon vine collection and mass accumulation, melon vine is pulled down by a melon vine blanking channel at the lower end of a conveying and blanking system through a melon vine blocking curtain and falls into a bin box body under the assistance of a melon vine blanking slideway, a bin door is designed on the side face of the bin box body, melon vine cleaning and discharging can be achieved by opening a locking buckle handle, carrying capacity of the harvester is improved, and long-time operation capacity of the harvester is improved.
6. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, aiming at the problem of watermelon collection, the buffering collection device is designed, the impact force of the watermelon after falling is reduced through the buffering blocking net, the hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged through the upper supporting cross rod and the lower supporting cross rod, the inclination angle of the buffering blocking net is controlled, the adjustment of the falling angle and speed of the watermelon is realized, and the collection and shipment capacity of the harvester is improved.
7. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, a double-fan matching impurity removing mode is designed for further cleaning of melon vines, a vine removing fan is designed at the lower part of a buffering blocking net, the melon vines on the buffering blocking net are blown upwards, an impurity removing fan is designed at the upper end of a bin body, and residual melon vines are blown in and smashed, so that impurity rate in a bin is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general view of the encircling field watermelon harvester according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of connection between the encircling header device and the conveying and blanking system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the encircling header device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of main working parts of the encircling header device according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conveying and blanking system according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a melon vine blocking curtain at the rear end of the conveying and blanking system.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the melon vine storage bin.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a buffer collecting device according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a rattan fan according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the impurity removing fan according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-encircling a header device; the device comprises a 101-blade base, a 102-upper supporting beam, a 103-connecting shaft, a 104-header supporting beam, a 105-header backboard, a 106-supporting beam, a 107-header baseboard, a 108-surrounding blade, a 109-inner transmission chain and a 1010-inner rotation gear; 2-conveying and blanking systems; 201-a shrinkage feeding plate, 202-a side plate driven gear, 203-a side plate transmission chain, 204-a side plate driving wheel, 205-a melon vine blocking curtain and 206-a melon vine blanking baffle; 207-conveying trough; 3-cab; 4-a bin body; 5-buffer collection device; 501-upper support cross bars, 502-buffer barrier nets, 503-lower support cross bars, 504-lower hydraulic cylinders, 505-fixed side plates and 506-upper hydraulic cylinders; 6-impurity removing fans; 601-a fan inner plate, 602-fan blades, 603-a diversion pipeline and 604-a blade rotating shaft; 7-a watermelon bin; 8-a main frame; 9-rattan fan; 901-a fan shell, 902-a guide plate and 903-an exhaust blade; 10-melon vine storage bin; 1001-melon vine blanking slide ways, 1002-bin box bodies, 1003-locking buckle handles and 1004-bin box doors; 11-walking system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the encircling type field watermelon harvester according to the invention, which comprises an encircling header device 1, a conveying and blanking system 2, a cab 3, a bin body 4, a buffer collecting device 5, a trash discharging fan 6, a bin 7, a main frame 8, a rattan removing fan 9 and a traveling system 11;
the conveying and blanking system 2, the cab 3, the bin body 4 and the melon vine bin 10 are respectively arranged on the main frame 8, and the traveling system 11 is arranged below the main frame 8; the encircling cutting table device 1 is connected with one end of the conveying and blanking system 2, and the other end of the conveying and blanking system 2 is connected with the upper part of one side of the bin body 4; the buffer collecting device 5 is positioned in a bin 7 of the bin body 4, and an inlet of the buffer collecting device 5 is communicated with the other end of the conveying and blanking system 2; the impurity removing fan 6 is arranged on the other side of the bin body 4, and the rattan removing fan 9 is arranged on the lower part of one side of the bin body 4. The watermelon sequentially passes through the conveying blanking system 2 and the buffer collecting device 5 through the encircling cutting table device 1 and enters the storage bin 7.
According to the embodiment, the melon vine storage bin 10 is preferably further included; the melon vine bin 10 is communicated with the conveying and blanking system 2.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the encircling cutting table device 1 comprises a blade base 101, an upper supporting beam 102, a connecting shaft 103, a cutting table supporting beam 104, a cutting table back plate 105, a supporting beam 106, a cutting table bottom plate 107, encircling blades 108, an inner transmission chain 109 and an inner rotation gear 1010; the blade base 101 is provided with a plurality of encircling blades 108 perpendicular to the advancing direction, the blade base 101 is internally provided with an inner transmission chain 109, an inner transmission chain 109 is meshed with the inner transmission chain 1010 at two ends of the inner transmission chain 109, the inner transmission chain 109 is connected with the support beam 106 through a gear shaft, the upper end of the support beam 106 is connected with the upper support beam 102, the lower end of the support beam 106 is connected with the cutting table bottom plate 107, the tail end of the cutting table bottom plate 107 is connected with the cutting table back plate 105, and the cutting table back plate 105 is connected with the connecting shaft 103 through the cutting table support beam 104. Preferably, the front end of the header soleplate 107 is made of flexible material, so as to lift the watermelon together with the melon vine from the ground. Preferably, the top end of the encircling blade 108 is made of flexible materials, the lower end of the encircling blade can be installed on the blade base 101 in a welding mode, and the inner transmission chain 109 drives the inner rotation gear 1010 to rotate so as to realize encircling melon feeding, conveying and blanking system 2. According to the invention, aiming at the problem that the watermelon is difficult to pick up, the encircling cutting table device 1 is designed, the manual watermelon encircling process is simulated, the encircling blades 108 are utilized to rotate, the watermelon is picked into the harvester from the field, the front end of the cutting table bottom plate 107 and the top ends of the encircling blades 108 are made of flexible materials, the watermelon encircling is ensured to be embraced, the damage to the watermelon is reduced, and the complicated manual watermelon picking process is avoided.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the conveying and blanking system 2 comprises a feeding plate 201, a side plate driven gear 202, a side plate driving chain 203, a side plate driving wheel 204, at least one melon vine blocking curtain 205, a melon vine blanking baffle 206 and a conveying groove 207; the feeding plate 201 is hinged to the lower end of the conveying groove 207, the upper end of the conveying groove 207 is connected with the bin body 4, the side plate driving chain 203 is located in the conveying groove 207, the side plate driven gear 202 and the side plate driving wheel 204 are respectively installed at two ends of the conveying groove 207, the melon vine blanking baffle 206 is installed below the side plate driving chain 203, a melon vine blanking channel is formed between the bottom of the melon vine blanking baffle 206 and the conveying groove 207, the melon vine blanking channel is communicated with the melon vine bin 10, the melon vine blocking curtain 205 is installed at the upper end of the conveying groove 207 and located above the entrance of the melon vine blanking channel. The shrinkage feeding plate 201 is positioned on the header bottom plate 107 and is used for feeding watermelons from the encircling header device 1 into the conveying and blanking system 2; the melon vine blocking curtain 205 is connected to the plate of the bin body 4 at the upper end, and naturally hangs down at the lower end, so as to realize that melon vine is pulled down to fall into a melon vine blanking channel, and finally enters the melon vine bin 10. According to the watermelon feeding device, a conveying and blanking system is designed aiming at the feeding problem of the watermelon, the watermelon falls into the conveying and blanking system 2 by means of the inertia of the watermelon by utilizing the front end inclination angle of the shrinkage feeding plate 201, and meanwhile, the shrinkage feeding plate 201 can be driven to shrink inwards through a transmission system to drive the watermelon to be fed into the conveying and blanking system 2. Preferably, in the encircling type field watermelon harvester, 2-3 melon vine blocking curtains 205 are arranged at the tail end of the conveying and blanking system 2 along the conveying direction, and a gap of 10-20 cm is reserved between adjacent melon vine blocking curtains 205. When the watermelon is conveyed, the melon vine blocking curtain 205 is driven backwards, and the melon vine on the watermelon is pulled down by virtue of the inertia force when the melon vine blocking curtain 205 is reset and falls back.
According to the present embodiment, the conveying trough 207 is preferably connected to the main frame 8 via a liftable support rod. The encircling cutting table device 1 is connected with the conveying and blanking system 2, is arranged on the main frame 8 through a lifting support rod and is used for enabling watermelons to enter the buffer collecting device 5;
as shown in fig. 7, the melon vine bin 10 includes a melon vine blanking slideway 1001, a bin box 1002, a locking buckle handle 1003, and a bin door 1004; the bin box 1002 is fixed on the main frame 8 through bolt connection; the bin box 1002 is mounted on the main frame 8; one end of the melon vine blanking slideway 1001 is communicated with the conveying blanking system 2, and the other end is communicated with the bin box 1002, so that melon vine blocked by the melon vine blocking curtain 205 slides into the melon vine bin 10; the bin box 1002 is provided with a bin door 1004, and a locking buckle handle 1003 is arranged on the bin door 1004 and used for cleaning melon and rattan by pulling the bin door 1004 open. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, the melon and vine bin 10 is designed for solving the problems of melon and vine collection and mass accumulation, melon and vine is pulled down by the melon and vine blocking curtain 205 and then falls into the bin box 1002 with the aid of the melon and vine blanking slide way, the bin box door 1004 is designed on the side face of the bin box 1002, melon and vine cleaning and discharging can be achieved by opening the locking buckle handle 1003, carrying capacity of the harvester is improved, and long-time operation capacity of the harvester is improved.
As shown in fig. 8, the buffer collecting device 5 comprises an upper support cross bar 501, a buffer blocking net 502, a lower support cross bar 503, a lower hydraulic cylinder 504, a fixed side plate 505 and an upper hydraulic cylinder 506; the fixed side plate 505 is installed on the bin body 4, one end of the upper support cross rod 501 is hinged with the upper part of the fixed side plate 505, the lower support cross rod 503 is positioned below the upper support cross rod 501, one end of the lower support cross rod 503 is hinged with the fixed side plate 505, the buffer blocking net 502 is installed on the upper support cross rod 501 and the lower support cross rod 503 to form a collecting channel, and an inlet of the collecting channel is connected with an inlet of the bin body 4; one end of the lower hydraulic cylinder 504 is connected with the fixed side plate 505, the other end is connected with one end of the lower support cross bar 503, one end of the upper hydraulic cylinder 506 is connected with the fixed side plate 505, and the other end of the upper hydraulic cylinder 506 is connected with one end of the upper support cross bar 501. The inclination of the upper support cross rod 501, the buffer blocking net 502 and the lower support cross rod 503 is adjusted through the upper hydraulic cylinder 506 and the lower hydraulic cylinder 504, so that the watermelon falls into the bin 7. Preferably, the buffering barrier 502 is formed by a plurality of flexible ropes into a plurality of uniformly distributed square grids, and the area of the square grids is not more than 0.9 times of the cross-sectional area of the small end of the watermelon. According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, aiming at the problem of watermelon collection, the buffer collection device 5 is designed, the impact force of the watermelon after falling is reduced through the buffer blocking net 502, the hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged through the upper support cross rod 503 and the lower support cross rod 503, the inclination angle of the buffer blocking net 502 is controlled, the adjustment of the falling angle and speed of the watermelon is realized, and the collection and shipment capacity of the harvester is improved.
As shown in fig. 9, the impurity removing fan 6 further includes a fan inner plate 601, fan blades 602, a diversion pipeline 603 and a blade rotating shaft 604; one end of the guide pipeline 603 is arranged at the tail part of the bin body 4, the fan blades 602 are arranged in the fan inner plate 601 through the blade rotating shafts 604, and one end of the guide pipeline 603 of the fan inner plate 601 is internally provided with the guide pipeline. The fan blade 602 is used for crushing the melon vine residue, and the diversion pipeline 603 is used for directly discharging the melon vine residue into the field.
As shown in fig. 10, the rattan fan 9 includes a fan housing 901, a deflector 902 and an exhaust blade 903; the exhaust blades 903 are mounted in the fan housing 901, and the baffle 902 is mounted at the outlet of the fan housing 901. The guide plate 902 is used for adjusting the wind direction to blow the wind to the bottom of the buffer collecting device 5, so as to blow up the melon vine impurity to the impurity removing fan 6. According to the invention, a double-fan matching impurity removing mode is designed aiming at the further cleaning problem of melon vines, a vine removing fan 9 is designed at the lower part of a buffering blocking net 502, melon vines on the buffering blocking net 502 are blown upwards, an impurity removing fan 6 is designed at the upper end of a bin body 4, and residual melon vines are blown into and crushed, so that the impurity rate in a bin 7 is reduced.
Unlike the commonly used semi-mechanized principle of combining manual harvesting with mechanical conveying trough transmission, the encircling type field watermelon harvester provided by the invention utilizes the encircling type header device 1 to simulate manual watermelon holding to pick up watermelon from field, then conveys the watermelon into the harvester through the conveying and blanking system 2, and simultaneously dials off part of melon vine by utilizing the inertia principle of melon vine baffle 205, and the melon vine which is dialed off enters a melon vine blanking channel between the conveying trough 207 and melon vine blanking baffle 206 and falls into the melon vine bin 10.
The direction and speed of the watermelon falling into the bin 7 are regulated by regulating the buffer collecting device 5 through a hydraulic cylinder, and then the melon vine impurity is further removed by matching the impurity removing fan 6 with the vine removing fan 9. The melon vine residues brought by most harvesting are reduced while the large-scale harvesting of the watermelons is realized, and the operation workload is greatly reduced.
According to the encircling type field watermelon harvester, unlike the commonly used semi-mechanized principle that the mechanical conveying groove is combined with manual harvesting to convey is adopted, the encircling type field watermelon harvester is used for simulating manual watermelon picking up to pick up the watermelon from the field, then the watermelon is conveyed to the inside of the harvester through the conveying and blanking system 2, meanwhile, melon vines are pulled down through the inertia principle, the direction and speed of the watermelon falling into the bin 7 are regulated through the hydraulic cylinder regulating and buffering collecting device 5, and then the melon vine impurity is further removed through double fans. The melon vine residues brought by most harvesting are reduced while the large-scale harvesting of the watermelons is realized, and the operation workload is greatly reduced.
The watermelon harvester has the functions of efficient harvesting, picking up, transmitting, conveying, collecting and discharging, can finish the operations of picking up, transmitting, removing impurities, collecting and discharging and the like, reduces the labor intensity, has certain stability, reliability and low failure rate, realizes efficient harvesting of watermelons, and improves the harvesting efficiency.
It should be understood that although the present disclosure has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate technical solution, and this description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should consider the disclosure as a whole, and the technical solutions in the various embodiments may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The encircling type field watermelon harvester is characterized by comprising an encircling cutting table device (1), a conveying and blanking system (2), a cab (3), a bin body (4), a buffer collecting device (5), a trash discharging fan (6), a bin (7), a main frame (8), a rattan removing fan (9), a melon vine bin and a traveling system (11);
the conveying and blanking system (2), the cab (3), the bin body (4) and the melon and vine bin (10) are respectively arranged on the main frame (8), and the traveling system (11) is arranged under the main frame (8); the encircling cutting table device (1) is connected with one end of the conveying and blanking system (2), and the other end of the conveying and blanking system (2) is connected with one side of the bin body (4); the buffer collecting device (5) is positioned in a bin (7) of the bin body (4), and an inlet of the buffer collecting device (5) is communicated with the other end of the conveying and blanking system (2); the impurity removing fan (6) is arranged on the other side of the bin body (4), and the rattan removing fan (9) is arranged on one side of the bin body (4);
the melon vine bin (10) is communicated with the conveying and blanking system (2); the encircling cutting table device (1) comprises a blade base (101), an upper supporting beam (102), a connecting shaft (103), a cutting table supporting beam (104), a cutting table back plate (105), a supporting beam (106), a cutting table bottom plate (107), encircling blades (108), an inner transmission chain (109) and an inner rotation gear (1010);
a plurality of encircling blades (108) are arranged on the blade base (101), an inner transmission chain (109) is arranged in the blade base (101), inner transmission gears (1010) are arranged at two ends of the inner transmission chain (109), the inner transmission chain (109) is meshed with the inner transmission gears (1010), the inner transmission gears (1010) are connected with a supporting beam (106) through gear shafts, the upper end of the supporting beam (106) is connected with an upper supporting beam (102), the lower end of the supporting beam is connected with a cutting table bottom plate (107), the tail end of the cutting table bottom plate (107) is connected with a cutting table back plate (105), and the cutting table back plate (105) is connected with a connecting shaft (103) through a cutting table supporting beam (104);
the conveying and blanking system (2) comprises a feeding plate (201), a side plate driven gear (202), a side plate transmission chain (203), a side plate driving wheel (204), at least one melon vine baffle curtain (205), a melon vine blanking baffle (206) and a conveying groove (207); the feeding plate (201) is hinged to the lower end of the conveying groove (207), the upper end of the conveying groove (207) is connected with the bin body (4), the side plate transmission chain (203) is located in the conveying groove (207), the side plate driven gear (202) and the side plate driving wheel (204) are respectively installed at two ends of the conveying groove (207), the melon vine blanking baffle (206) is installed below the side plate transmission chain (203) and forms a melon vine blanking channel between the melon vine blanking channel and the conveying groove (207), the melon vine blanking channel is communicated with the melon vine bin (10), and the melon vine blocking curtain (205) is installed at the upper end of the conveying groove (207) and located above an inlet of the melon vine blanking channel.
2. The encircling field watermelon harvester according to claim 1, wherein the conveying trough (207) is connected to the main frame (8) by a lifting support bar.
3. The encircling type field watermelon harvester according to claim 1, wherein 2-3 melon vine blocking curtains (205) are arranged at the tail end of the conveying and blanking system (2) along the conveying direction, and a gap of 10-20 cm is reserved between adjacent melon vine blocking curtains (205).
4. The encircling type field watermelon harvester according to claim 1, wherein the buffer collecting device (5) comprises an upper support cross bar (501), a buffer blocking net (502), a lower support cross bar (503), a lower hydraulic cylinder (504), a fixed side plate (505), and an upper hydraulic cylinder (506);
the fixed side plates (505) are arranged on the bin body (4), one end of the upper support cross rod (501) is hinged with the upper part of the fixed side plates (505), the lower support cross rod (503) is positioned below the upper support cross rod (501), one end of the lower support cross rod (503) is hinged with the fixed side plates (505), the buffer blocking net (502) is arranged on the upper support cross rod (501) and the lower support cross rod (503) to form a collecting channel, and an inlet of the collecting channel is connected with an inlet of the bin body (4); one end of a lower hydraulic cylinder (504) is connected with a fixed side plate (505), the other end of the lower hydraulic cylinder is connected with one end of a lower support cross rod (503), one end of an upper hydraulic cylinder (506) is connected with the fixed side plate (505), and the other end of the upper hydraulic cylinder (506) is connected with one end of an upper support cross rod (501).
5. The encircling type field watermelon harvester according to claim 1, wherein the impurity removing fan (6) further comprises a fan inner plate (601), fan blades (602), a diversion pipeline (603) and a blade rotating shaft (604);
one end of the guide pipeline (603) is arranged at the tail part of the bin body (4), and the fan blade (602) is arranged in one end of the guide pipeline (603) of the fan inner plate (601) through the blade rotating shaft (604).
6. The encircling field watermelon harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the rattan fan (9) comprises a fan housing (901), a deflector (902) and an exhaust blade (903);
the exhaust blades (903) are arranged in the fan shell (901), and the guide plate (902) is arranged at the outlet of the fan shell (901).
7. The encircling type field watermelon harvester according to claim 1, wherein the melon vine bin (10) comprises a melon vine blanking slideway (1001), a bin box (1002), a locking buckle handle (1003) and a bin door (1004); the bin box body (1002) is arranged on the main frame (8); melon vine blanking slide (1001) one end intercommunication carries blanking system (2), and the other end intercommunication feed bin box (1002), feed bin box (1002) are equipped with feed bin chamber door (1004), are equipped with locking buckle handle (1003) on feed bin chamber door (1004).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111655745.8A CN114342655B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Encircling type field watermelon harvester |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111655745.8A CN114342655B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Encircling type field watermelon harvester |
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| CN114342655A CN114342655A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114342655B true CN114342655B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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| CN202111655745.8A Active CN114342655B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Encircling type field watermelon harvester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114902870B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-06-13 | 宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) | Outdoor watermelon crawler picking and collecting packaging equipment |
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| US9497902B2 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2016-11-22 | Blueline Mfg. Co. | Forced-air conveyance harvesting system for small produce |
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| CN107258224A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-10-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Watermelon harvester and its harvesting method |
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| CN114342655A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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