CN114208571B - Method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by using environmental reversibility - Google Patents
Method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by using environmental reversibility Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000034659 glycolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000248539 Asparagus cochinchinensis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009292 Asparagus cochinchinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 102000008857 Ferritin Human genes 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/04—Fertilisers containing potassium from minerals or volcanic rocks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by utilizing environmental reversibility. The method comprises the following steps: (1) management of a cultivation garden, (2) cultivation of blood oranges, (3) interplanting of radix asparagi and (4) management. According to the invention, the characteristic of high midday air temperature is utilized to carry out air entrainment on the soil surface layer, so that the volatilization of water on the soil surface layer is accelerated, the soil surface water deficiency stress plant forms ferritin to cope with the adverse environment, meanwhile, as the dripper is horizontally arranged, the air flow does not go deep into the soil, and deep nutrition accumulation in the soil is not influenced, the synthesis and enrichment of nutrients such as Vc, saponin and the like are driven when the plant ferritin is synthesized, the whole cultivation system can efficiently operate in the simulated adverse environment, and the interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by utilizing environmental reversibility.
Background
Blood orange (academic: citrus sinensis 'blood orange') is a cultivar plant of Citrus sinensis of the family Rutaceae. The branches of the arbor are less or nearly free from thorns. Leaves are typically smaller than pomelo She Lve, wings She Xiachang, leaf oval or oval, little needle-like, white, little light purple on the back, few flowers in the overall inflorescence, round, oval or elliptical, orange red, difficult or slightly peelable peel, red or dark purple in the color of mesocarp, but not in the immature fruit, solid or semi-full core, orange red or purple when pulp is ripe, sweet or slightly sour. The blood oranges are cultivated in a large quantity in the south of China.
Radix asparagi, (latin brand name: asparagus cochinchinensis (lour.) Merr), alias: three hundred bars, wu Zhu, radix Ophiopogonis, radix Tiger tail, radix asparagi, and radix asparagi. The root of radix asparagi is spindle-shaped, the leaf branches are clustered every 3, the light green axillary flowers and the berries are red when cooked, and the branches are perennial herbaceous plants of the genus radix asparagi of the family Liliaceae. Distributed in the provinces of China, hebei, henan, shaanxi, shanxi, gansu, sichuan, taiwan, guizhou, etc. It can grow in the shrubs of the hilly area or the hilly grass at the edge of mountain forest.
When plants are exposed to adverse environments, large amounts of ferritin are synthesized in plants. Blood oranges and radix asparagi are relatively dependent on water, the research on how to preserve water and fertilizer is mainly carried out in the existing cultivation technology, and the research on how to utilize plants to synthesize plant ferritin in environmental reversibility such as short water shortage to improve the production quality is relatively lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by utilizing environmental reversibility, and the method promotes synthesis of ferritin of plants through intermittent simulation to strengthen accumulation of nutrient substances by the blood oranges and the radix asparagi. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
A method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by utilizing environmental reversibility comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) cultivation garden management:
selecting a mountain land with a gradient of 3-12 degrees and a soil cultivation layer thickness of 30-40cm as a cultivation garden, removing stones and glass in the garden, excavating a retting pool in the cultivation garden according to a density of 2-3 of 5 mu land, and burying a drip irrigation pipe in the soil; the water storage capacity of 1/5-1/4 of the volume is kept in the stack retting pool, and weeds mowed in the garden are crushed and filled into the stack retting pool;
(2) Cultivation of blood oranges
Digging planting holes according to the spacing of 4-5m and the plant spacing of 2-3m, using an adsorption matrix in the planting holes, putting blood orange saplings with the height of 1.2-1.6m, covering soil, and pouring and diluting biogas slurry according to 200-300ml of each plant;
(3) Interplanting of Asparagus cochinchinensis
Digging two rows of planting holes between blood orange rows according to the plant spacing of 25-35cm and the row spacing of 40-50cm, applying compound fertilizer according to 500-700 kg/mu in the planting holes, and broadcasting rape seeds according to 3-5 kg/mu between rows;
(4) Management of
After the planting of the radix asparagi is completed, drip irrigation liquid fertilizer is carried out through drip irrigation equipment every month, and the dosage is 80-120 kg/mu; drip irrigation is carried out for 5 to 8 hours after drip irrigation is carried out on the liquid fertilizer, and then clear water is drip-irrigated, wherein the consumption of the clear water is 35 to 67 percent of the mass of the liquid fertilizer; applying the adsorption matrix in the step (2) every 3-4 months, wherein the dosage is 300-500 kg/mu, and the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is applied once in the orange bloom stage and the fruit stage; at the early stage of the flowering period of the blood oranges, air is added into the soil through drip irrigation equipment, the air adding amount is 8-10L/square meter per day, and after fruiting of the blood oranges, the air is added into the soil through drip irrigation equipment, and the air adding amount is 10-15L/square meter per day; crushing mature rape into a stack retting pond after the rape grows, diluting the retted fertilizer in the stack retting pond by 100-200 times in the flowering period and the fruiting period, and applying the fertilizer back to the soil; mature rape is crushed into a stack retting pond after rape grows, and the retted fertilizer in the stack retting pond is diluted 100-200 times in the flowering period and the fruiting period and is applied back to the soil.
Further, in the step (1), a cave is deeply dug out of the stack retting pool by garden soil, a plastic water storage barrel is placed in the cave, and a barrel opening is formed by sealing with a cover; the burying distance of the drip irrigation pipes is 1-1.5m, the burying depth is 13-15cm, and the spacing of the drip heads on the drip irrigation pipes is 15-20cm.
Further, in the step (2), the preparation method of the adsorption matrix comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts of pig manure, 50-70 parts of cow manure and 100-135 parts of duckweed, fermenting for 20-30 days, adding 180-190 parts of corn straw powder, 60-70 parts of vinasse, 112-130 parts of golden aster and 10-20 parts of mineral glycolysis substances, and uniformly mixing; the dosage of the adsorption matrix is 800-900 kg/mu; the preparation method of the biogas slurry diluent comprises the following steps: diluting the biogas slurry 2000-2500 times, and adding lactobacillus with mass of 3-5% of the solution.
Further, in the step (3), the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing 88-100 parts of ryegrass into powder with granularity of 1-2cm, adding 20-30 parts of kitchen waste, 200-300 parts of clear water and 5-8 parts of EM bacteria, mixing, fermenting at 25-30 ℃ for 10-13 days, adding 79-120 parts of decomposed pig manure, 5-8 parts of ferric sulfate and 13-15 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, and uniformly mixing; the grain size of the bamboo charcoal powder is 1-2mm.
Further, in the step (4), the fertilization modes of the adsorption matrix and the compound fertilizer are ditch fertilization, the depth of the fertilization ditch is 18-23cm, a layer of plant cover is spread on the surface after fertilization, the plant cover is green radish leaves, and the dosage is 12-15% of the fertilization amount; the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing 10-30 parts of shaddock peel, 23-45 parts of tangerine peel and 10-30 parts of shrimp and crab shells according to parts by mass, processing into powder with granularity of 5-8mm, adjusting the water content to 80-90%, naturally fermenting for 40-50 days at 28-30 ℃, diluting 1000-1500 times, filtering with 5-7 layers of gauze, adding 2-5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-3 parts of urea and 0.5-1 part of EM bacterial liquid into the filtrate, and uniformly mixing; the air filling is carried out in noon in sunny days, and the air filling time is 1-3h.
Further, the volume of the water storage barrel is 50-70dm3.
Furthermore, the jet flow direction of the dripper is parallel to the ground.
Further, the preparation method of the mineral glycolysis product comprises the following steps: mixing 10-20 parts of potassium feldspar, 30-50 parts of siderite and 8-13 parts of volcanic rock, pulverizing into powder of 200-300 meshes, adding 13-15 parts of apple pomace and 100-120 parts of clear water, mixing, and naturally fermenting for 30-50 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
According to the invention, the stack retting pool is arranged in the plantation, and the drip irrigation pipe is paved, so that the stack retting pool is utilized to efficiently ferment rape and weeds, and the diluted stack retting pool is matched with the drip irrigation belt to be used in soil, so that the efficient utilization of fertilizer efficiency is ensured, and a sufficient nutrient basis is provided for the soil. The characteristics of high midday air temperature are utilized to carry out air entrainment on the soil surface layer, the volatilization of water on the soil surface layer is accelerated, the soil surface water deficiency stress plants form ferritin to cope with the reverse environment, meanwhile, as the drippers are horizontally arranged, the air flow cannot penetrate deep into the soil, deep nutrition accumulation in the soil is not influenced, the deep root system can also effectively absorb the nutrition when the plants are subjected to drought stress, and the simulation drought is avoided from directly influencing the nutrition accumulation of plant fruits. The soil is supplemented through various fertilizer effects, the successive adsorption of blood oranges, asparagus and rape is utilized, the mineral absorption efficiency in the soil is effectively ensured, and the rape is fermented and reapplied, so that the mineral is inorganized to be organic, the absorbability of nutrients is ensured, the synthesis and enrichment of Vc, saponin and other nutrients are driven during the synthesis of plant ferritin, the whole cultivation system is enabled to operate in a simulated reverse environment with high efficiency, and the interplanting quality of blood oranges and asparagus is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1: schematic diagram of jet flow direction of drip irrigation pipe in soil. 1 is the soil level, 2 is the sprinkler pipe dripper, and 3 is the dripper jet direction.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is further defined below in conjunction with the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the description.
Example 1
A method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by utilizing environmental reversibility comprises the following steps:
(1) Cultivation garden management
Selecting a mountain land with a gradient of 3 degrees and a soil cultivation layer thickness of 30cm as a cultivation garden, removing stone and glass in the garden, excavating a retting pond in the cultivation garden according to the density of 2 soil areas of 5 mu, and burying a drip irrigation pipe in the soil; the water storage capacity of 1/5 volume is kept in the composting pond, and weeds mowed in the garden are crushed and filled into the composting pond; the stack retting pool is formed by digging a cave deeply by garden soil, placing a plastic water storage bucket in the cave, and sealing a bucket opening by a cover; the volume of the water storage barrel is 50dm 3; the burying distance of the drip irrigation pipes is 1m, the burying depth is 13cm, the spacing of the drip heads on the drip irrigation pipes is 15cm, and the jet direction of the drip heads is parallel to the ground;
(2) Cultivation of blood oranges
Digging planting holes according to the spacing of 4m and the plant spacing of 2m, using an adsorption matrix in the planting holes, putting blood orange saplings with the height of 1.2m, covering soil, and pouring and diluting biogas slurry according to 200ml of each plant; the preparation method of the adsorption matrix comprises the following steps: mixing 30 parts of pig manure, 50 parts of cow manure and 100 parts of duckweed, fermenting for 20 days, adding 180 parts of corn straw powder, 60 parts of vinasse, 112 parts of golden aster and 10 parts of mineral glycolysis substances, and uniformly mixing; the preparation method of the mineral glycolysis product comprises the following steps: mixing 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 30 parts of siderite and 8 parts of volcanic rock, crushing into 200-mesh powder, adding 13 parts of apple pomace and 100 parts of clear water, mixing and naturally fermenting for 30 days; the dosage of the adsorption matrix is 800 kg/mu; the preparation method of the biogas slurry diluent comprises the following steps: diluting the biogas slurry 2000 times, and adding lactobacillus with the mass of 3% of the solution;
(3) Interplanting of Asparagus cochinchinensis
Digging two rows of planting holes between blood orange rows according to the plant spacing of 25cm and the row spacing of 40cm, applying compound fertilizer according to 500 kg/mu in the planting holes, and broadcasting rape seeds according to 3 kg/mu between the rows; the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: pulverizing 88 parts of ryegrass into powder with granularity of 1cm, adding 20 parts of kitchen waste, 200 parts of clear water and 5 parts of EM bacteria, mixing, fermenting at 25 ℃ for 10 days, adding 79 parts of decomposed pig manure, 5 parts of ferric sulfate and 13 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, and uniformly mixing; the grain diameter of the bamboo charcoal powder is 1mm;
(4) Management of
After the planting of the radix asparagi is completed, drip irrigation liquid fertilizer is carried out through drip irrigation equipment every month, and the dosage is 80 kg/mu; after drip irrigation of the liquid fertilizer for 5 hours, drip irrigation of clear water is carried out, wherein the consumption of the clear water is 35% of the mass of the liquid fertilizer; applying the adsorption matrix in the step (2) every 3 months, wherein the dosage is 300 kg/mu, and applying the compound fertilizer in the step (3) once in the bloody orange flowering period and the fruit period respectively, and the dosage is 300 kg/mu; the fertilization modes of the adsorption matrix and the compound fertilizer are ditch fertilization, the depth of the fertilization ditch is 18cm, a layer of plant cover is spread on the surface after fertilization, the plant cover is green radish leaves, and the dosage is 12% of the fertilization dosage; at the early stage of the flowering period of the blood oranges, air is added into the soil through drip irrigation equipment, the air adding amount is 8L/square meter per day, the period is continuous for 1 week, the air is added into the soil through drip irrigation equipment after fruiting of the blood oranges, and the air adding amount is 10L/square meter per day, and the period is continuous for 8 days; crushing mature rape into a stack retting pool after the rape grows, diluting the retted fertilizer in the stack retting pool by 100 times in the flowering period and the fruiting period, and applying the fertilizer back to soil with the application amount of 200 kg/mu once a month;
the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing 10 parts of shaddock peel, 23 parts of tangerine peel and 10 parts of shrimp and crab shell, processing into powder with granularity of 5mm, adjusting the water content to 80%, naturally fermenting at 28 ℃ for 40 days, diluting 1000 times, filtering with 5 layers of gauze, adding 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1 part of urea and 0.5 part of EM bacterial liquid into the filtrate, and uniformly mixing; the air filling is carried out in the noon of sunny days, and the air filling time is 1h.
Example 2
A method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by utilizing environmental reversibility comprises the following steps:
(1) Cultivation garden management
Selecting a mountain land with a gradient of 12 degrees and a soil cultivation layer thickness of 40cm as a cultivation garden, removing stones and glass in the garden, excavating a retting pond in the cultivation garden according to the density of 3 soil areas of 5 mu, and burying a drip irrigation pipe in the soil; the water storage capacity of 1/4 of the volume is kept in the retting pool, and weeds mowed in the garden are crushed and filled into the retting pool; the stack retting pool is formed by digging a cave deeply by garden soil, placing a plastic water storage bucket in the cave, and sealing a bucket opening by a cover; the volume of the water storage barrel is 70dm 3; the burying distance of the drip irrigation pipes is 1.5m, the burying depth is 15cm, the spacing of the drip heads on the drip irrigation pipes is20 cm, and the jet direction of the drip heads is parallel to the ground;
(2) Cultivation of blood oranges
Digging planting holes according to the spacing of 5m and the plant spacing of 3m, using an adsorption matrix in the planting holes, putting blood orange saplings with the height of 1.6m, covering soil, and pouring and diluting biogas slurry according to 300ml of each plant; the preparation method of the adsorption matrix comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of pig manure, 70 parts of cow manure and 135 parts of duckweed, fermenting for 30 days, adding 190 parts of corn stalk powder, 70 parts of vinasse, 130 parts of golden aster and 20 parts of mineral glycolysis, and uniformly mixing; the preparation method of the mineral glycolysis product comprises the following steps: mixing 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 50 parts of siderite and 13 parts of volcanic rock, crushing into 300-mesh powder, adding 15 parts of apple pomace and 120 parts of clear water, mixing, and naturally fermenting for 50 days; the dosage of the adsorption matrix is 900 kg/mu; the preparation method of the biogas slurry diluent comprises the following steps: diluting the biogas slurry 2500 times, and adding lactobacillus with the mass of 5% of the solution;
(3) Interplanting of Asparagus cochinchinensis
Digging two rows of planting holes between blood orange rows according to the plant spacing of 35cm and the row spacing of 50cm, applying compound fertilizer according to 700 kg/mu in the planting holes, and broadcasting rape seeds according to 5 kg/mu between rows; the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: 100 parts of ryegrass are crushed into powder with the granularity of 2cm, 30 parts of kitchen waste, 300 parts of clear water and 8 parts of EM bacteria are added for mixing, fermentation is carried out for 13 days at the temperature of 30 ℃, 120 parts of decomposed pig manure, 8 parts of ferric sulfate and 15 parts of bamboo charcoal powder are added for uniform mixing; the grain diameter of the bamboo charcoal powder is 2mm;
(4) Management of
After the planting of the radix asparagi is completed, drip irrigation liquid fertilizer is carried out through drip irrigation equipment every month, and the dosage is 120 kg/mu; after drip irrigation of the liquid fertilizer for 8 hours, drip irrigation of clear water is carried out, and the consumption of the clear water is 67% of the mass of the liquid fertilizer; applying the adsorption matrix in the step (2) every 4 months, wherein the dosage is 500 kg/mu, and the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is applied once in the orange blossom period and the fruit period; the fertilization modes of the adsorption matrix and the compound fertilizer are ditch fertilization, the depth of the fertilization ditch is 23cm, a layer of plant cover is spread on the surface after fertilization, the plant cover is green radish leaves, and the dosage is 15% of the fertilization dosage; at the early stage of the flowering period of the blood oranges, air is added into the soil through drip irrigation equipment, the air addition amount is 10L/square meter per day, and the period is 2 weeks continuously; aerating the soil through drip irrigation equipment after fruiting of the blood oranges, wherein the aeration amount is 15L/square meter per day, and continuously 10 days; crushing mature rape into a stack retting pond after the rape grows, diluting the retted fertilizer in the stack retting pond by 200 times in the flowering period and the fruiting period, and applying the fertilizer back to the soil;
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing 30 parts of shaddock peel, 45 parts of tangerine peel and 30 parts of shrimp and crab shells, processing into powder with the granularity of 8mm, adjusting the water content to 90%, naturally fermenting for 50 days at 30 ℃, diluting 1500 times, filtering with 7 layers of gauze, adding 5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3 parts of urea and 1 part of EM bacterial liquid into the filtrate, and uniformly mixing; the air filling is carried out in the noon of sunny days, and the air filling time is 3 hours.
Example 3
A method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and radix asparagi by utilizing environmental reversibility comprises the following steps:
(1) Cultivation garden management
Selecting a mountain land with a gradient of 7 degrees and a soil cultivation layer thickness of 35cm as a cultivation garden, removing stone and glass in the garden, excavating a retting pond in the cultivation garden according to the density of 3 soil areas of 5 mu, and burying a drip irrigation pipe in the soil; the water storage capacity of 1/4 of the volume is kept in the retting pool, and weeds mowed in the garden are crushed and filled into the retting pool;
The stack retting pool is formed by digging a cave deeply by garden soil, placing a plastic water storage bucket in the cave, and sealing a bucket opening by a cover; the volume of the water storage barrel is 60dm 3; the burying distance of the drip irrigation pipes is 1.5m, the burying depth is 13cm, the spacing of the drip heads on the drip irrigation pipes is 20cm, and the jet direction of the drip heads is parallel to the ground;
(2) Cultivation of blood oranges
Digging planting holes according to the spacing of 5m and the plant spacing of 2m, using an adsorption matrix in the planting holes, putting blood orange saplings with the height of 1.6m, covering soil, and pouring and diluting biogas slurry according to 200ml of each plant; the preparation method of the adsorption matrix comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of pig manure, 50 parts of cow manure and 135 parts of duckweed, fermenting for 20 days, adding 190 parts of corn stalk powder, 60 parts of vinasse, 130 parts of golden aster and 10 parts of mineral glycolysis, and uniformly mixing; the preparation method of the mineral glycolysis product comprises the following steps: mixing 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 30 parts of siderite and 13 parts of volcanic rock, crushing into 200-mesh powder, adding 15 parts of apple pomace and 100 parts of clear water, mixing and naturally fermenting for 50 days; the dosage of the adsorption matrix is 800 kg/mu; the preparation method of the biogas slurry diluent comprises the following steps: diluting the biogas slurry 2500 times, and adding lactobacillus with the mass of 3% of the solution;
(3) Interplanting of Asparagus cochinchinensis
Digging two rows of planting holes between blood orange rows according to the plant spacing of 35cm and the row spacing of 40cm, applying compound fertilizer according to 700 kg/mu in the planting holes, and broadcasting rape seeds according to 3 kg/mu between rows; the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: 100 parts of ryegrass are crushed into powder with the granularity of 1cm, 30 parts of kitchen waste, 200 parts of clear water and 8 parts of EM bacteria are added for mixing, fermentation is carried out for 10 days at the temperature of 30 ℃, 120 parts of decomposed pig manure, 5 parts of ferric sulfate and 15 parts of bamboo charcoal powder are added for uniform mixing; the grain diameter of the bamboo charcoal powder is 2mm;
(4) Management of
After the planting of the radix asparagi is completed, drip irrigation liquid fertilizer is carried out through drip irrigation equipment every month, and the dosage is 120 kg/mu; after drip irrigation of the liquid fertilizer for 8 hours, drip irrigation of clear water is carried out, and the consumption of the clear water is 35% of the mass of the liquid fertilizer; applying the adsorption matrix in the step (2) every 4 months, wherein the dosage is 500 kg/mu, and the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is applied once in the orange blossom period and the fruit period; the fertilization modes of the adsorption matrix and the compound fertilizer are ditch fertilization, the depth of the fertilization ditch is 18cm, a layer of plant cover is spread on the surface after fertilization, the plant cover is green radish leaves, and the dosage is 15% of the fertilization dosage; at the early stage of the flowering period of the blood oranges, air is added into the soil through drip irrigation equipment, the air addition amount is 8L/square meter per day, and the period is continuously 1 week; aerating the soil through drip irrigation equipment after fruiting of the blood oranges, wherein the aeration amount is 15L/square meter per day, and continuously 9 days; crushing mature rape into a stack retting pool after the rape grows, diluting the retted fertilizer in the stack retting pool 160 times in the flowering period and the fruiting period, and applying the fertilizer back to the soil, wherein the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing 30 parts of shaddock peel, 23 parts of tangerine peel and 30 parts of shrimp and crab shell, processing into powder with granularity of 5mm, adjusting the water content to 90%, naturally fermenting at 30 ℃ for 40 days, diluting 1500 times, filtering with 5 layers of gauze, adding 5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3 parts of urea and 0.5 part of EM bacterial liquid into the filtrate, and uniformly mixing; the air filling is carried out in the noon of sunny days, and the air filling time is 3 hours.
Comparative example setting:
Test example 1
Planting according to examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 respectively, after fruiting of blood oranges enters into a full-bearing period and harvesting of the blood oranges, selecting a sunny noon, detecting the soil water content at a depth of 5cm on the soil surface, and detecting the blood orange protein content, the iron extraction rate in protein and the aspartic saponin content.
From the table, the soil with the depth of 5cm on the soil surface of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 2 and 3 has lower water content, and the uninflated treatment of comparative example 1 has high water content, so that obviously, the water content on the soil surface can be truly reduced by utilizing the drip irrigation pipe for air filling, the local water loss of the root system on the plant surface is caused, and the plant is in a limited drought stress. The blood orange protein content of examples 1-3 is high, the iron extraction rate in the protein is also obviously higher than that of comparative examples 1-3, and obviously, the scheme measures in examples 1-3 improve the synthesis of plant ferritin, comparative example 1 has no local environmental stress measure stimulus because no air entrainment treatment is used, the mineral glycolysis substance of comparative example 2 is not subjected to fermentation treatment, the absorption of minerals is influenced, and the plant cover is not used in comparative example 3, so that the soil volatilization rate under the air entrainment treatment is high to drive the loss of fertilizer efficiency, and the iron content in the blood orange protein is reduced. In a comprehensive view, the scheme of the application simulates the stimulation of the reversibility of the environment and simultaneously ensures that the full nutrient supply of plants can achieve the aim of driving the accumulation of other nutrient components through the synthesis of ferritin of the plants.
Claims (3)
1. A method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and asparagus by utilizing environmental reversibility, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) And (3) cultivation garden management:
selecting a mountain land with a gradient of 3-12 degrees and a soil cultivation layer thickness of 30-40cm as a cultivation garden, removing stones and glass in the garden, excavating a retting pool in the cultivation garden according to a density of 2-3 of 5 mu land, and burying a drip irrigation pipe in the soil; the water storage capacity of 1/5-1/4 of the volume is kept in the stack retting pool, and weeds mowed in the garden are crushed and filled into the stack retting pool;
the stack retting pool is formed by digging a cave deeply by garden soil, placing a plastic water storage bucket in the cave, and sealing a bucket opening by a cover; the burying distance of the drip irrigation pipes is 1-1.5m, the burying depth is 13-15cm, the spacing of the drip heads on the drip irrigation pipes is 15-20cm, and the jet flow direction of the drip heads is parallel to the ground;
(2) Cultivation of blood oranges
Digging planting holes according to the spacing of 4-5m and the plant spacing of 2-3m, using an adsorption matrix in the planting holes, putting blood orange saplings with the height of 1.2-1.6m, covering soil, and pouring and diluting biogas slurry according to 200-300ml of each plant;
the preparation method of the adsorption matrix comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts of pig manure, 50-70 parts of cow manure and 100-135 parts of duckweed, fermenting for 20-30 days, adding 180-190 parts of corn straw powder, 60-70 parts of vinasse, 112-130 parts of golden aster and 10-20 parts of mineral glycolysis substances, and uniformly mixing; the dosage of the adsorption matrix is 800-900 kg/mu; the preparation method of the diluted biogas slurry comprises the following steps: diluting the biogas slurry by 2000-2500 times, and adding lactobacillus with the mass of 3-5% of the solution;
(3) Interplanting of Asparagus cochinchinensis
Digging two rows of planting holes between blood orange rows according to the plant spacing of 25-35cm and the row spacing of 40-50cm, applying compound fertilizer according to 500-700 kg/mu in the planting holes, and broadcasting rape seeds according to 3-5 kg/mu between rows;
The preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing 88-100 parts of ryegrass into powder with granularity of 1-2cm, adding 20-30 parts of kitchen waste, 200-300 parts of clear water and 5-8 parts of EM bacteria, mixing, fermenting at 25-30 ℃ for 10-13 days, adding 79-120 parts of decomposed pig manure, 5-8 parts of ferric sulfate and 13-15 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, and uniformly mixing; the grain diameter of the bamboo charcoal powder is 1-2mm;
(4) Management of
After the planting of the radix asparagi is completed, drip irrigation liquid fertilizer is carried out through drip irrigation equipment every month, and the dosage is 80-120 kg/mu; drip irrigation is carried out for 5 to 8 hours after drip irrigation is carried out on the liquid fertilizer, and then clear water is drip-irrigated, wherein the consumption of the clear water is 35 to 67 percent of the mass of the liquid fertilizer; applying the adsorption matrix in the step (2) every 3-4 months, wherein the dosage is 300-500 kg/mu, and the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is applied once in the orange bloom stage and the fruit stage; at the early stage of the flowering period of the blood oranges, air is added into the soil through drip irrigation equipment, the air addition amount is 8-10L/square meter per day, and the air addition period is continuously 1-2 weeks; aerating the soil through drip irrigation equipment after fruiting of the blood oranges, wherein the aeration amount is 10-15L/square meter per day, and the continuous period is 8-10 days; the air filling is carried out in noon in sunny days, and the air filling time is 1-3h;
Crushing mature rape into a stack retting pond after the rape grows, diluting the retted fertilizer in the stack retting pond by 100-200 times in the flowering period and the fruiting period, and applying the fertilizer back to the soil;
the preparation method of the mineral glycolysis product comprises the following steps: 10-20 parts of potassium feldspar, 30-50 parts of siderite and 8-13 parts of volcanic rock are mixed and crushed into powder of 200-300 meshes, 13-15 parts of apple pomace and 100-120 parts of clear water are added, and the mixture is mixed and naturally fermented for 30-50 days.
2. The method for improving interplanting quality of blood oranges and asparagus by utilizing environmental reversibility according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the fertilization modes of the adsorption matrix and the compound fertilizer are ditch application, the depth of a fertilization ditch is 18-23cm, a layer of plant cover is spread on the surface after fertilization, the plant cover is green radish leaves, and the dosage is 12-15% of the fertilization dosage; the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: 10-30 parts of shaddock peel, 23-45 parts of tangerine peel and 10-30 parts of shrimp and crab shells are mixed and processed into powder with the granularity of 5-8mm, the water content is regulated to 80-90%, natural fermentation is carried out for 40-50 days at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the powder is diluted by 1000-1500 times and filtered by 5-7 layers of gauze, and 2-5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-3 parts of urea and 0.5-1 part of EM bacterial liquid are added into the filtrate and uniformly mixed.
3. The method for improving interplanting quality of blood orange and asparagus of claim 1 wherein said water storage tank has a volume of 50-70dm 3.
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