CN103404268B - Seedling culturing and planting method of holly root - Google Patents
Seedling culturing and planting method of holly root Download PDFInfo
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- CN103404268B CN103404268B CN201310396896.5A CN201310396896A CN103404268B CN 103404268 B CN103404268 B CN 103404268B CN 201310396896 A CN201310396896 A CN 201310396896A CN 103404268 B CN103404268 B CN 103404268B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel seedling culturing method of seeds of holly root. The seeds of the holy root can be successfully cultured through six steps of seed collecting, seed processing, seed storing, soil preparing, seeding and field management so as to obtain healthy seedlings, and the emergence rate reaches above 80 percent. A large quantity of seedlings of the holly root can be cultured once by virtue of the seedling culturing and planting method; the seedlings grow vigorously and are strong in stress resistance; the problem of crop smothering in a seedling culturing period is successfully solved. The novel seedling culturing and planting method is simple to operate, low in cost and easy to largely popularize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant planting field, be specifically related to a kind of method for treating seeds and seedling growing process thereof of Flos Ilicis Asprellae plantation.
Background technology
Flos Ilicis Asprellae generally refers to and derives from Aquifoliaceae Ilex shrub plant Flos Ilicis Asprellae
ilex asprellathe dry root of (Hook.et Arn.) Champ.ex Benth., because of the floral leaf of plant similar to Japanese apricot, and be born in hummock more, therefore named Flos Ilicis Asprellae, mountain plum, generally be distributed in China Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Hunan, zhejiang and other places, also there is distribution in Philippine, is born in the shrub of hilly ground the spacious ground in limit, sparse woods Xia Ji village, low mountain, roadside more.Require that warmer climate, sunshine are sufficient, the abundant environment of rainfall.Flos Ilicis Asprellae is generally used as medicine with its root, bitter, sweet; Cool in nature; Return lung, spleen, stomach warp; Function heat-clearing, detoxify, promote the production of body fluid, invigorate blood circulation.
Flos Ilicis Asprellae be medicine " Ganmaoling Granules " and health products as one of primary raw material of products such as " guangdong herbal teas ", market demand is increasing; And existing Flos Ilicis Asprellae medicinal material basic source is in wild resource, for many years unordered excavated and cut down, and caused the day by day deficient of wild resource.The aggravation of contradictions of the relation between supply and demand day by day appearing along with Flos Ilicis Asprellae, and not yet have the large area standardized planting technology of Flos Ilicis Asprellae at present, raises up the market price of Flos Ilicis Asprellae again and again, and commonly has a mixed adulterant.Therefore be necessary its planting technology to carry out system research, thereby carry out large area standardized planting.
Existing common Flos Ilicis Asprellae propagation technique is that the Flos Ilicis Asprellae branch to bringing out carries out carrying out cottage propagation after specially treated, this technology can successfully be bred out required Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling, but in view of cuttage seeding late growing stage slow, and nursery stage crop smothering is serious, during spread, need to gather a large amount of suitable Flos Ilicis Asprellae branches, difficulty is larger, is difficult for carrying out large-scale breeding.The research with the plantation of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed thereupon growing up is increasing, wherein once celebrated money etc. in " the germination characteristic research of leaf of plum Chinese ilex seed " literary composition, by every research that may affect the index of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed is increased to 86.7% by the germination rate of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed, tentatively solved the feasibility problem of Flos Ilicis Asprellae implant mass.But find in actual plantation research, can not only with the germination rate of seed, represent the situation of growing seedlings of Flos Ilicis Asprellae, only to the research of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed, can not all solve the extensive effectively problem of plantation of Flos Ilicis Asprellae, also must rely on appropriate, adaptive seedling growing process, the implant mass that could really contribute to Flos Ilicis Asprellae, to meet the needs in market.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of seedling grow method that is applicable to Flos Ilicis Asprellae plantation.
The problems referred to above are achieved by the following technical solution:
The seedling grow method of Flos Ilicis Asprellae of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) seed treatment: get the Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit of adopting back and be fully immersed in water, remove gently pericarp and impurity, dry in the shade standby; And get seed after drying in the shade and be soaked in the 10-20 minute that sterilizes in the potassium permanganate that mass concentration is 0.2-0.8% completely, abandon subsequently liquid and 30-60 minute is preserved in sealing;
(2) seed storage: get after ratio that seed after encapsulation process and damp sand are 1:2-5 according to ratio of weight and number mixes, in the storage of room temperature lamination, and watering in time keeps damp sand moistening; The water content of described damp sand is 5-10%, and the lamination height of described lamination storage is no more than 30cm;
(3) whole ground: soil deeptillage, play row spacing 1-1.5 rice, high 25-30cm, wide 35-50cm between ridge covers the soil that one deck 3-5cm is thick on the face of ridge, after leveling rake is thin, the thick Nutrition Soil of bedding 1-3cm immediately;
(4) sowing: start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, by be soaked in 18-30 hour in the Gibberellins solution of 150-250mg/L completely according to the seed of storage in step (2), subsequently seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 8-12kg, broadcast after kind, the described Nutrition Soil of getting after No. 1 sieve covers, and laying depth is 0.5-0.8cm, take and lose seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly spray water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification;
(5) field management: water depending on weather condition, keep ground moistening; After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large; In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
Described Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed is got mid-June during Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit maturation, selects well-grown, tree crown dense, and not being subject to the plant of damage by disease and insect is elite stand, chooses fruit full greatly, aterrimus, and the fresh fruit without damage by disease and insect is plucked in time.
Preferably, the seedling grow method of described Flos Ilicis Asprellae, comprises the steps:
(1) seed treatment: get the Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit of adopting back and be fully immersed in water, remove gently pericarp and impurity, dry in the shade standby; And getting seed after drying in the shade, to be soaked in mass concentration be completely to sterilize 15 minutes in 0.5% potassium permanganate, abandon subsequently liquid and sealing is preserved 45 minutes;
(2) seed storage: get after ratio that seed after encapsulation process and damp sand are 1:3 according to ratio of weight and number mixes, in the storage of room temperature lamination, and watering in time keeps damp sand moistening; The water content of described damp sand is 8%, the lamination height 27cm of described lamination storage;
(3) whole ground: soil deeptillage, play 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 30cm, wide 50cm between ridge covers the soil that one deck 4cm is thick on the face of ridge, after leveling rake is thin, the thick Nutrition Soil of bedding 2cm immediately; Described Nutrition Soil is mixed by yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer;
(4) sowing: start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, by be soaked in the Gibberellins solution of 200mg/L 24 hours completely according to the seed of storage in step (2), subsequently seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 10kg, broadcast after kind, the described Nutrition Soil of getting after No. 1 sieve covers, and laying depth is 0.7cm, take and lose seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly spray water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification;
(5) field management: water depending on weather condition, keep ground moistening; After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large; In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
Further, in described step (4), described Nutrition Soil is mixed according to ratio of weight and number 65-75:19-29:2-4:2-4 by yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer.
In described Nutrition Soil, the ratio of weight and number of described yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer is 70:24:3:3.Described fertilizer is that N, P, K content are all at the potassium sulfate type fertilizer of 10-20%.
Described fertilizer is the potassium sulfate type fertilizer that N, P, K content are 15:15:15.
In described step (3), the described soil covering on the face of ridge is yellow soil.
Described yellow soil is the soil of taking from below surface soil layer 40cm.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
Scheme of the present invention is through the Comprehensive Experiment research to Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed treatment and seedling growing process, for Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed characteristics, analyzed seed treatment, seed storage, whole ground, the impact that the steps such as fertilising are grown seedlings on it, in Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed seedling-raising technology of the present invention, after collecting seed, seed soaks and carries out disinfection for 10-20 minute with 0.5% potassium permanganate, go the liquid rear seal-cover method of 30-60 minute, adopt water content during husky Tibetan is that the damp sand of 5-10% carries out the seed storage method that lamination height is no more than 30cm simultaneously, Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed storage phase and mildew phenomena have after planting not only been avoided, guaranteed the vitality of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed dormancy phase simultaneously, and improved the regularity of emerging, in whole ground process, by cover the yellow soil of the about 3-5cm of thick layer on the face of ridge, and adopt the thick step of the self-control about 2cm of Nutrition Soil bedding, not only effectively suppressed the crop smothering in seedling raising process, and do not have influence on the growth in Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later stage, guarantee the required nutrition of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling late growing stage, can obtain eugonic seedling, preferred described Nutrition Soil is formulated with the weight ratio of 70:24:3:3 with yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate, fertilizer, wherein fertilizer is potassium sulfate type, N, P, K content is all at 10-20%, and for Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling early growth provides the nutrition of best proportioning, seedling growth is vigorous.Seedling grow method of the present invention can disposablely be cultivated a large amount of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedlings, and seedling growth is vigorous, and strong stress resistance, and successfully solved the crop smothering problem of nursery stage is simple to operate, cost is low, easy spread.
test example
test example 1 Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed seedling-raising seed storage research
1.1 test material
In Pingyuan County, Guangdong, gather ripe Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed in June, 2012.
1.2 test method
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, with light stranding the with the hands of have gentle hands, remove pericarp, with 0.5% potassium permanganate, soak carry out disinfection for 15 minutes completely, remove liquid rear seal-cover 45 minutes.
Sample (1) adopts the mode of now broadcasting of now adopting; Sample (2) wets the seed after processing, and sand storage is rear to be sowed, and concrete operation step is: husky storage, wherein seed weight wet under room temperature: damp sand weight=1:3, and described damp sand water content 8%, lamination storage is 27cm highly, the husky storage 210 days of wetting.
And the seed after above-mentioned sample (1) and (2) are processed detects the germination rate of seed, it the results are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 1.
1.3 results and analysis
Table 1 is now adopted and is now broadcast and the impact of wet husky storage on Flos Ilicis Asprellae percentage of seedgermination
| Processing method | Germination rate (%) in 30d | Germination rate (%) |
| Now adopt now and broadcast | 31 | 48 |
| Wet husky storage | 78 | 83 |
After result shows the wet husky storage of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed, sowing germination rate can reach 83%, and can complete 94.0% of total germinative number in 30 days, germination vigor is neat, illustrates by wet husky storage and break seed dormancy, effectively guarantee seed quality, solved the irregular problem of Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed sprouting simultaneously.
test example 2 Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed seedling-raising yellow soil thickness experimental studies
Yellow soil is the cubsoil below soil layer, and the red soil for limestone is grown, has certain viscosity, and pH value 4-6, therefore containing weed seed, worm's ovum disease.Usage has two kinds at present: the first, as cultivation matrix, large usage quantity, general thickness is that 10-20cm is above as plant growth medium, but yellow soil nutrition is barren, it is acid that viscosity is more greatly, be unfavorable for the growth of plant later stage root, therefore thereby many and other matrix carry out different proportion mixed improve soil property and need carry out fertilizer supplementary.In actual production, need to use a large amount of yellow soils and need improve in several ways soil property and strengthen production difficulty; The second, as the raw material of base manure proportioning.
2.1 test material
Gather ripe Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed in June, 2011 in Pingyuan County, Guangdong, yellow soil is taken from the following soil of surface soil layer 40cm, and described fertilizer is Ao Teer composite fertilizer potassium sulfate type (its N, P, K content ratio are 15:15:15).
2.2 test method
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, with light stranding the with the hands of have gentle hands, remove pericarp, with 0.5% potassium permanganate, soak and carry out disinfection for 15 minutes, remove liquid rear seal-cover 45 minutes, according to the sand that wet of the scheme described in above-mentioned experiment 1, store.
During whole ground, soil deeptillage, plays 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 30cm, wide 50cm between ridge, leveling covers respectively the yellow soil of the about 0-10cm of one deck on the face of ridge, forms experiment sample field, by ridge to flatten rake thin.
On January 20th, 2013 the Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed of wet husky storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 200mg/L, after 24 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 10kg, broadcast afterwards and cover with the thin homemade Nutrition Soil that mixes system according to the ratio of weight ratio 70:24:3:3 by yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer of sieve, thickness is 0.7cm, take and lose seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly spray water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification.
Later stage waters depending on weather condition, keeps ground moistening.When February 10, Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed germinateed in a large number, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.The clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, extremely by the end of April image data.
Record seedbed unit are number of weeds, Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling early growth data, repeat above-mentioned test 3 times, and calculating mean value, the results are shown in following table 2 and Fig. 2.
2.3 results and analysis
table 2 different-thickness yellow soil is on the impact of growing seedlings
| Yellow soil thickness (cm) | Number of weeds (strain/m 2） | Height of seedling (cm) | Divide number (individual) | Root long (cm) |
| 0 | 148 | 29 | 2 | 5 |
| 1 | 129 | 31 | 2 | 6 |
| 2 | 64 | 39 | 3 | 7 |
| 3 | 9 | 43 | 4 | 8 |
| 4 | 7 | 45 | 4 | 9 |
| 5 | 5 | 44 | 4 | 8 |
| 6 | 3 | 40 | 3 | 7 |
| 7 | 3 | 38 | 3 | 7 |
| 8 | 1 | 36 | 4 | 6 |
| 9 | 0 | 37 | 3 | 5 |
| 10 | 1 | 35 | 3 | 5 |
Result demonstration, when yellow soil thickness is greater than 3cm, number of weeds measures obvious control, and thickness seedling early growth when 3-5cm is vigorous, therefore finally choose yellow soil thickness, is that 3-5cm is optimal conditions.
For the problems referred to above, inventor gropes by a large amount of practical study, makes full use of the viscosity of yellow soil, intercepts band using it as weeds.Only need be on seedbed in practical operation bedding 3-5cm yellow soil, water and make its surface have a small amount of ponding to increase its viscosity, make weed seed and grass roots in script nursery be intercepted and cannot grow by one deck yellow soil, because thickness only has 3-5cm can not affect plant later stage root growth again, also solve yellow soil as the difficult problem of the large operation of substrates quantity, saved labour cost.On upper strata, add lid layer simultaneously and using yellow soil as the self-control base manure of matrix, for seed growth provides optimum condition.
test example 3 Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed seedling-raising base fertilizer experiment researchs
For guaranteeing Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling early growth desired nutritional, inventor is finally determined yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer is mixed and make Nutrition Soil according to certain ratio by inspection information and great many of experiments, is covered on yellow soil.
3.1 test material
Gather ripe Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed in June, 2011 in Pingyuan County, Guangdong, yellow soil is taken from the following soil of surface soil layer 40cm, and described fertilizer is Ao Teer composite fertilizer potassium sulfate type (N, P, K content ratio are 15:15:15);
3.2 test method
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, with have gentle hands, gently frustrate pericarp, with 0.5% potassium permanganate, soak and to carry out disinfection for 15 minutes, remove liquid rear seal-cover 45 minutes, according to husky storage of wet of the scheme described in above-mentioned experiment 1.
During whole ground, soil deeptillage, plays 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 30cm, wide 50cm between ridge, leveling covers respectively the yellow soil of the about 4cm of one deck on the face of ridge, the self-control Nutrition Soil base manure 1-7 that bedding 2cm is thick immediately forms experiment sample field, by ridge to flatten rake thin.On January 20th, 2013 the Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed of wet husky storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 200mg/L, after 24 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 10kg, broadcasts afterwards and with the thin Nutrition Soil of following sieve, covers respectively, thickness is 0.7cm, take and lose seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly spray water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification, take and do not apply fertilizer as blank sample.
Later stage waters depending on weather condition, keeps ground moistening.When February 10, Flos Ilicis Asprellae seed germinateed in a large number, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.The clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, extremely by the end of April image data.
Record Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling early growth data, repeat above-mentioned test 3 times, calculating mean value, it the results are shown in following table 3 and Fig. 3.
The compositing formula of the numbering of Nutrition Soil described in following each sample 1-9 is respectively:
Blank 0: do not cover Nutrition Soil.
Nutrition Soil 1: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 65:29:3:3;
Nutrition Soil 2: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 70:24:3:3;
Nutrition Soil 3: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 75:19:3:3;
Nutrition Soil 4: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 70:26:2:2;
Nutrition Soil 5: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 70:22:4:4;
Nutrition Soil 6: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 70:28:1:1;
Nutrition Soil 7: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 70:20:5:5;
Nutrition Soil 8: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 60:30:3:3;
Nutrition Soil 9: yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer are according to weight ratio 80:14:3:3.
3.3 results and analysis
the different base manure kinds of table 3 are on the impact of growing seedlings
| Base manure kind | Height of seedling (cm) | Divide number (individual) | Root long (cm) |
| Blank 0 | 20 | 2 | 3 |
| Nutrition Soil 1 | 42 | 3 | 7 |
| Nutrition Soil 2 | 46 | 4 | 9 |
| Nutrition Soil 3 | 42 | 4 | 8 |
| Nutrition Soil 4 | 43 | 4 | 7 |
| Nutrition Soil 5 | 41 | 3 | 8 |
| Nutrition Soil 6 | 29 | 3 | 5 |
| Nutrition Soil 7 | 24 | 2 | 5 |
| Nutrition Soil 8 | 27 | 2 | 6 |
| Nutrition Soil 9 | 23 | 3 | 4 |
Above experiment is visible thus, work as yellow soil, fine sand, the growth of favourable Flos Ilicis Asprellae when the part by weight of superphosphate and fertilizer reaches 65-75:19-29:2-4:2-4, because the variation along with yellow soil and fine sand ratio, the gas permeability of soil, viscosity, all there is variation in the performances such as moisture capacity, the content of superphosphate and fertilizer provides base manure effect for Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling early growth, according to above-mentioned experiment, find to work as yellow soil, fine sand, when superphosphate and fertilizer are prepared according to the ratio of weight ratio 70:24:3:3, Flos Ilicis Asprellae growth indices is all better than other control group greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For content of the present invention is more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the impact of different modes seed treatment on germination rate;
Fig. 2 is yellow soil thickness on the grow seedlings impact of situation of Flos Ilicis Asprellae;
Fig. 3 is base manure composition on the grow seedlings impact of situation of Flos Ilicis Asprellae.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
1, seed collection
From mid-June during Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit maturation, select well-grown, tree crown dense, the plant that is not subject to damage by disease and insect is elite stand, choosing fruit is full greatly, aterrimus, the fresh fruit without damage by disease and insect is plucked in time.
2, seed treatment
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, fresh fruit is under water, with light stranding the with the hands of have gentle hands, remove pericarp, remove impurity, dry.Every 10 kilograms of fresh fruits can obtain approximately 1 kilogram of purebred son.The seed drying in the shade soaks and carries out disinfection for 10 minutes with 0.5% potassium permanganate, removes liquid rear seal-cover 30 minutes.After drying in the shade, store.
3, seed storage
After dry in the shade seed and the damp sand of sterilization mixes, room temperature lamination is preserved, seed weight: damp sand weight=1:3.Damp sand water content reaches the standard (water content approximately 7%) of " that holds is agglomerating, and that touches spreads ", and lamination height 15cm notices that watering in time keeps damp sand moistening, stores 210 days.
4, wholely
Soil deeptillage, play 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 30cm, wide 50cm between ridge, flatten, cover the yellow soil of the approximately thick 3cm of one deck on the face of ridge, leveling rake is thin, with yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate, that fertilizer (proportion is 65:29:3:3) is made the about 2cm of Nutrition Soil bedding is thick, described fertilizer is Ao Teer composite fertilizer potassium sulfate type (N, P, K content ratio are 15:15:15).
5, sowing after wet husky storage
Start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, the seed of step (3) storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 200mg/L, after 20 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 8kg, broadcast afterwards and cover with the thin self-control Nutrition Soil of sieve, thickness is 0.5cm, take and loses seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly sprays water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification.
6, field management
Depending on weather condition, water, keep ground moistening.After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
embodiment 2
1, seed collection
From mid-June during Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit maturation, select well-grown, tree crown dense, the plant that is not subject to damage by disease and insect is elite stand, choosing fruit is full greatly, aterrimus, the fresh fruit without damage by disease and insect is plucked in time.
2, seed treatment
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, fresh fruit is under water, with have gentle hands, gently frustrate pericarp, remove impurity, dry.Every 10 kilograms of fresh fruits can obtain approximately 1 kilogram of purebred son.The seed drying in the shade soaks and carries out disinfection for 20 minutes with 0.5% potassium permanganate, removes liquid rear seal-cover 60 minutes.After drying in the shade, store.
3, seed storage
After dry in the shade seed and the damp sand of sterilization mixes, room temperature lamination is preserved, seed weight: damp sand weight=1:2.Damp sand water content reaches the standard (water content approximately 6%) of " that holds is agglomerating, and that touches spreads ", and lamination height 20cm notices that watering in time keeps damp sand moistening, stores 210 days.
4, wholely
Soil deeptillage, play 1 meter of row spacing, high 25cm, wide 35cm between ridge, flatten, cover the yellow soil of the approximately thick 4cm of one deck on the face of ridge, leveling rake is thin, with yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate, that fertilizer (proportion is 70:24:3:3) is made the about 1cm of Nutrition Soil bedding is thick, described fertilizer is Ao Teer composite fertilizer potassium sulfate type (N, P, K content ratio are 15:15:15).
5, sowing after wet husky storage
Start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, the seed of step (3) storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 250mg/L, after 24 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 9kg, broadcast afterwards and cover with the thin self-control Nutrition Soil of sieve, thickness is 0.7cm, take and loses seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly sprays water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification.
6, field management
Depending on weather condition, water, keep ground moistening.After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
embodiment 3
1, seed collection
From mid-June during Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit maturation, select well-grown, tree crown dense, the plant that is not subject to damage by disease and insect is elite stand, choosing fruit is full greatly, aterrimus, the fresh fruit without damage by disease and insect is plucked in time.
2, seed treatment
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, fresh fruit is under water, with have gentle hands, gently frustrate pericarp, remove impurity, dry.Every 10 kilograms of fresh fruits can obtain approximately 1 kilogram of purebred son.The seed drying in the shade soaks and carries out disinfection for 15 minutes with 0.2% potassium permanganate, removes liquid rear seal-cover 45 minutes.After drying in the shade, store.
3, seed storage
After dry in the shade seed and the damp sand of sterilization mixes, room temperature lamination is preserved, seed weight: damp sand weight=1:5.Damp sand water content reaches the standard (water content approximately 7%) of " that holds is agglomerating, and that touches spreads ", and lamination height 25cm notices that watering in time keeps damp sand moistening, stores 210 days.
4, wholely
Soil deeptillage, play 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 27cm, wide 42cm between ridge, flatten, cover the yellow soil of the approximately thick 5cm of one deck on the face of ridge, leveling rake is thin, with yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate, that fertilizer (proportion is 75:19:3:3) is made the about 3cm of Nutrition Soil bedding is thick, described fertilizer is Ao Teer composite fertilizer potassium sulfate type (N, P, K content ratio are 15:15:15).
5, sowing after wet husky storage
Start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, the seed of step (3) storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 150mg/L, after 24 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 10kg, broadcast afterwards and cover with the thin self-control Nutrition Soil of sieve, thickness is 0.8cm, take and loses seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly sprays water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification.
6, field management
Depending on weather condition, water, keep ground moistening.After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
embodiment 4
1, seed collection
From mid-June during Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit maturation, select well-grown, tree crown dense, the plant that is not subject to damage by disease and insect is elite stand, choosing fruit is full greatly, aterrimus, the fresh fruit without damage by disease and insect is plucked in time.
2, seed treatment
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, fresh fruit is under water, with have gentle hands, gently frustrate pericarp, remove impurity, dry.Every 10 kilograms of fresh fruits can obtain approximately 1 kilogram of purebred son.The seed drying in the shade soaks and carries out disinfection for 20 minutes with 0.8% potassium permanganate, removes liquid rear seal-cover 50 minutes.After drying in the shade, store.
3, seed storage
After dry in the shade seed and the damp sand of sterilization mixes, room temperature lamination is preserved, seed weight: damp sand weight=1:4.Damp sand water content is 5%, and lamination height 30cm notices that watering in time keeps damp sand moistening, stores 210 days.
4, wholely
Soil deeptillage, play 1.5 meters of row spacings, high 30cm, wide 40cm between ridge, flatten, cover the yellow soil of the approximately thick 4cm of one deck on the face of ridge, leveling rake is thin, with yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate, that fertilizer (proportion is 70:26:2:2) is made the about 3cm of Nutrition Soil bedding is thick, described fertilizer is Ao Teer composite fertilizer potassium sulfate type (N, P, K content ratio are 15:15:15).
5, sowing after wet husky storage
Start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, the seed of step (3) storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 200mg/L, after 24 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 11kg, broadcast afterwards and cover with the thin self-control Nutrition Soil of sieve, thickness is 0.6cm, take and loses seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly sprays water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification.
6, field management
Depending on weather condition, water, keep ground moistening.After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
embodiment 5
1, seed collection
From mid-June during Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit maturation, select well-grown, tree crown dense, the plant that is not subject to damage by disease and insect is elite stand, choosing fruit is full greatly, aterrimus, the fresh fruit without damage by disease and insect is plucked in time.
2, seed treatment
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, fresh fruit is under water, with light stranding the with the hands of have gentle hands, remove pericarp, remove impurity, dry.Every 10 kilograms of fresh fruits can obtain approximately 1 kilogram of purebred son.The seed drying in the shade soaks and carries out disinfection for 15 minutes with 0.4% potassium permanganate, removes liquid rear seal-cover 45 minutes.After drying in the shade, store.
3, seed storage
After dry in the shade seed and the damp sand of sterilization mixes, room temperature lamination is preserved, seed weight: damp sand weight=1:3.Damp sand water content reaches the standard (water content 10%) of " that holds is agglomerating, and that touches spreads ", and lamination height is no more than 27cm, notices that watering in time keeps damp sand moistening, stores 210 days.
4, wholely
Soil deeptillage, play 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 25cm, wide 50cm between ridge, flatten, cover the yellow soil of the approximately thick 5cm of one deck on the face of ridge, leveling rake is thin, with yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate, that fertilizer (proportion is 70:22:4:4) is made the about 2cm of Nutrition Soil bedding is thick, described fertilizer is Ao Teer composite fertilizer potassium sulfate type (N, P, K content ratio are 15:15:15).
5, sowing after damp sand storage
Start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, the seed of step (3) storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 180mg/L, after 24 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 12kg, broadcast afterwards and cover with the thin self-control Nutrition Soil of sieve, thickness is 0.6cm, take and loses seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly sprays water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification.
6, field management
Depending on weather condition, water, keep ground moistening.After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
embodiment 6
1, seed collection
From mid-June during Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit maturation, select well-grown, tree crown dense, the plant that is not subject to damage by disease and insect is elite stand, choosing fruit is full greatly, aterrimus, the fresh fruit without damage by disease and insect is plucked in time.
2, seed treatment
After Flos Ilicis Asprellae Fruit returns, fresh fruit is under water, with light stranding the with the hands of have gentle hands, remove pericarp, remove impurity, dry.Every 10 kilograms of fresh fruits can obtain approximately 1 kilogram of purebred son.The seed drying in the shade soaks and carries out disinfection for 15 minutes with 0.6% potassium permanganate, removes liquid rear seal-cover 45 minutes.After drying in the shade, store.
3, seed storage
After dry in the shade seed and the damp sand of sterilization mixes, room temperature lamination is preserved, seed weight: damp sand weight=1:3.Damp sand water content reaches the standard (water content 8%) of " that holds is agglomerating, and that touches spreads ", and lamination height is no more than 30cm, notices that watering in time keeps damp sand moistening, stores 210 days.
4, wholely
Soil deeptillage, plays 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 30cm, and wide 35cm between ridge, leveling covers the yellow soil of the approximately thick 5cm of one deck on the face of ridge, and leveling rake is thin, with yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate, that fertilizer (proportion is 70:24:3:3) is made the about 2cm of Nutrition Soil bedding is thick.
5, sowing after damp sand storage
Start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, the seed of step (3) storage is soaked in to the Gibberellins solution of 200mg/L, after 18 hours, with circulating water, seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 10kg, broadcast afterwards and cover with the thin self-control Nutrition Soil of sieve, thickness is 0.6cm, take and loses seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly sprays water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification.
6, field management
Depending on weather condition, water, keep ground moistening.After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large.In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example is clearly described, and the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without also giving all embodiments.And the apparent variation of being amplified out thus or change are still among the protection domain in the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a seedling grow method for Flos Ilicis Asprellae, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) seed treatment: get the Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit of adopting back and be fully immersed in water, remove gently pericarp and impurity, dry in the shade standby; And get seed after drying in the shade and be soaked in the 10-20 minute that sterilizes in the potassium permanganate that mass concentration is 0.2-0.8% completely, abandon subsequently liquid and 30-60 minute is preserved in sealing;
(2) seed storage: get after ratio that seed after encapsulation process and damp sand are 1:2-5 according to ratio of weight and number mixes, in the storage of room temperature lamination, and watering in time keeps damp sand moistening; The water content of described damp sand is 5-10%, and the lamination height of described lamination storage is no more than 30cm;
(3) whole ground: soil deeptillage, play row spacing 1-1.5 rice, high 25-30cm, wide 35-50cm between ridge covers the yellow soil that one deck 3-5cm is thick on the face of ridge, after leveling rake is thin, the thick Nutrition Soil of bedding 1-3cm immediately;
Described Nutrition Soil is mixed by yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer;
(4) sowing: start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, by be soaked in 18-30 hour in the Gibberellins solution of 150-250mg/L completely according to the seed of storage in step (2), subsequently seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 8-12kg, broadcast after kind, the described Nutrition Soil of getting No. 1 sieve covers, and laying depth is 0.5-0.8cm, take and lose seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly spray water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification;
Described Nutrition Soil is mixed according to ratio of weight and number 65-75:19-29:2-4:2-4 by yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer;
(5) field management: water depending on weather condition, keep ground moistening; After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large; In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
2. the seedling grow method of Flos Ilicis Asprellae according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) seed treatment: get the Flos Ilicis Asprellae fruit of adopting back and be fully immersed in water, remove gently pericarp and impurity, dry in the shade standby; And getting seed after drying in the shade, to be soaked in mass concentration be completely to sterilize 15 minutes in 0.5% potassium permanganate, abandon subsequently liquid and sealing is preserved 45 minutes;
(2) seed storage: get after ratio that seed after encapsulation process and damp sand are 1:3 according to ratio of weight and number mixes, in the storage of room temperature lamination, and watering in time keeps damp sand moistening; The water content of described damp sand is 8%, the lamination height 27cm of described lamination storage;
(3) whole ground: soil deeptillage, play 1.2 meters of row spacings, high 30cm, wide 50cm between ridge covers the soil that one deck 4cm is thick on the face of ridge, after leveling rake is thin, the thick Nutrition Soil of bedding 2cm immediately;
(4) sowing: start sowing mid-January in the coming year, before sowing, by be soaked in the Gibberellins solution of 200mg/L 24 hours completely according to the seed of storage in step (2), subsequently seed is cleaned up, be sown in equably on seedbed, sowing quantity is every mu of 10kg, broadcast after kind, the described Nutrition Soil of getting after No. 1 sieve covers, and laying depth is 0.7cm, take and lose seed as degree, with sprayer, to bed surface, evenly spray water, build shade, shelter from heat or light, moisturizing stratification;
(5) field management: water depending on weather condition, keep ground moistening; After a large amount of germinations of the plum seed of awaiting job assignment, remove sunshade net, weeding in time after seedling is slightly large; In the clear and bright Fast Growth stage that enters Flos Ilicis Asprellae seedling later, can carry out transplanting work April next year.
3. the seedling grow method of Flos Ilicis Asprellae according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described Nutrition Soil, the ratio of weight and number of described yellow soil, fine sand, superphosphate and fertilizer is 70:24:3:3.
4. the seedling grow method of Flos Ilicis Asprellae according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is that N, P, K content are all at the potassium sulfate type fertilizer of 10-20%.
5. the seedling grow method of Flos Ilicis Asprellae according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is the potassium sulfate type fertilizer that N, P, K content are 15:15:15.
6. the seedling grow method of Flos Ilicis Asprellae according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described yellow soil is the soil of taking from below surface soil layer 40cm.
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| CN103782785B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2015-10-21 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of plum blossom seeds cultivation method |
| CN106508329A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-22 | 加多宝（中国）饮料有限公司 | Microcos paniculata seedling-growing method |
| CN105075649A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-11-25 | 柳州市园林科学研究所 | Propagation method of bougainvillea spectabilis brasiliensis in Liuzhou region |
| CN106034920A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-26 | 贵州恒霸药业有限责任公司 | Planting method of chimonanthus nitens |
| CN109924088A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-25 | 四川大学 | A kind of southwest rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system |
| CN110476687A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-22 | 广东德康中药发展有限公司 | A kind of method of the hayashishita gradient planting Flos Ilicis Asprellae of green ecological |
| CN111837777A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-30 | 广东兴源农林有限公司 | Method for promoting root growth of holly |
| CN111631065A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-08 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Economic planting method under southern low-efficiency artificial forest |
| CN113767765A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2021-12-10 | 广东兴源农林有限公司 | Method for raising seedlings of roughhaired holly by cutting |
| CN114946558B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-08-22 | 华润三九医药股份有限公司 | Method for sowing and raising roughhaired holly seedlings |
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