CN114190307B - Cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water culture enteritis prevention and treatment method - Google Patents
Cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water culture enteritis prevention and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114190307B CN114190307B CN202111410786.0A CN202111410786A CN114190307B CN 114190307 B CN114190307 B CN 114190307B CN 202111410786 A CN202111410786 A CN 202111410786A CN 114190307 B CN114190307 B CN 114190307B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 241001014350 Cynoglossus semilaevis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 206010003445 Ascites Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)N(C(N)=O)C1=O QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014103 egg white Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000969 egg white Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- AYIRNRDRBQJXIF-NXEZZACHSA-N (-)-Florfenicol Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C([C@@H](O)[C@@H](CF)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)C=C1 AYIRNRDRBQJXIF-NXEZZACHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000007271 Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002249 digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003760 florfenicol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 therefore Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water culture enteritis prevention and treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The technical scheme is as follows: 1) Preparing bait: adding 8-12g of glucose powder, 4-6g of lactobacillus compound feed and 100-200g of clear water into 1kg of compound feed according to the proportion, adding the glucose powder and the lactobacillus compound feed into the clear water before use, uniformly stirring, slowly adding into the feed without stopping stirring until the water is completely absorbed, then air-drying the feed, and feeding when the feed is not sticky; 2) And (5) feeding baits. The invention can prevent and treat the enteritis of the cynoglossus semilaevis, improve the survival rate of the cynoglossus semilaevis, reduce the culture cost and further enlarge the culture industrial scale.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water aquaculture enteritis prevention and treatment method.
Background
The closed factory-like recirculating aquaculture mode is a novel high-efficiency aquaculture mode of a new generation at present, and is an intensive aquaculture system characterized by water purification as a core and continuous recycling of aquaculture water, and has the characteristics of electricity saving, water saving, land saving, emission reduction, high efficiency and the like.
The cynoglossus semilaevis is mainly distributed in the Bohai sea, the yellow sea, the east sea and the northern south sea in China, particularly the Bohai sea and the yellow sea are more, and in addition, the Korean sea, the Japanese sea and the Russian Asian sea areas are also distributed, so that the cynoglossus semilaevis is a traditional famous and precious fish, namely a cynoglossus semilaevis sole, has the characteristics of tender meat, delicious taste, rich nutrition, high growth speed of female fish and high price, and is one of the breeding varieties with the highest economic value at present. However, due to the characteristics of the cynoglossus semilaevis, the popularization and cultivation range is limited to a certain extent, and the cultivation scale tends to be reduced in recent years. The culture characteristics are mainly shown in the following two aspects: 1) In the process of culturing cynoglossus semilaevis, diseases such as enteritis and ascites are serious, and once the disease is found, the disease is difficult to cure, on one hand, the diseased fish does not eat food and is difficult to treat by a method of feeding medicinal baits, on the other hand, the treatment effect is not good by antibiotic medicine bath, the bacterial flora structure of a biological filter tank is easily influenced, and an effective prevention and treatment measure for the common diseases is lacked at present; 2) The cynoglossus semilaevis eats the food at the bottom, needs to press the food to the bottom when ingesting, then in the sunction inlet, consequently ingests the speed slower, because the water body exchange capacity of circulating water is great, extremely easily spins away the fodder from the central tube for the cynoglossus semilaevis is too late to ingest, easily causes fodder waste and water processing system burden. Therefore, establishing methods for preventing and treating enteritis and feeding bait aiming at the characteristics of the cynoglossus semilaevis is urgently needed, and a circulating water culture system is further optimized, so that the culture scale of the cynoglossus semilaevis is enlarged.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water aquaculture enteritis control method overcomes the defects of the prior art, can control enteritis, improve the survival rate, reduce the aquaculture cost and further enlarge the aquaculture industry scale.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water aquaculture enteritis prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing bait: adding 8-12g of glucose powder, 4-6g of lactobacillus compound feed and 100-200g of clear water into 1kg of compound feed according to the proportion, adding the glucose powder and the lactobacillus compound feed into the clear water before use, uniformly stirring, slowly adding into the feed without stopping stirring until the water is completely absorbed, then air-drying the feed, and feeding when the feed is not sticky;
2) And (5) feeding baits.
Preferably, in step 1), the feed is air-dried for 1-2h.
Preferably, between step 1) and step 2), still include the water inlet and reform transform: the water inlet pipe is connected with the elbow, the pipeline is connected according to the depth of the culture pond, the tail end of the pipeline is sealed, and a row of small water outlet holes are vertically drilled on the pipeline.
Preferably, the length of the pipeline is 40-80cm, the distance between the tail end of the pipeline and the bottom of the pool is 5-6cm, and a row of small water outlet holes are vertically drilled on the pipeline which is 8-10cm lower than the elbow.
Preferably, the diameter of the water outlet small hole is 4-6mm, and the distance between the two holes is 6-10mm.
Preferably, in step 2), bait feeding: 30-60min before feeding baits, adjusting the water inlet pipe to ensure that the small water outlet holes are opposite to the central pipe of the culture pond to add water, and feeding the baits after the water flow rotating force disappears and the water surface is calm; feeding bait for 30-40min, after the cynoglossus semilaevis is fed, adjusting the water inlet pipe to make the water outlet small hole parallel to the pool wall to increase the rotary force of water, and discharging residual bait and excrement along with water flow.
Preferably, in step 2), the bait feeding amount is as follows: during the culture period, the fish is mixed with bait and fed every day, the fish is mixed immediately when used, the daily feeding amount is 1-3% of the weight of the fish, and the fish is fed for 2 times every day; when the water temperature of the circulating water system changes in winter and summer, the feeding amount can be reduced according to the water temperature condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. because the compound feed is hard, the cynoglossus semilaevis is not easy to digest after being swallowed, which can increase the burden of the digestive system and is an important reason for inducing digestive tract diseases. The feed is wetted by water before feeding, so that the feed is slightly soft but cannot be dissolved in the water, and the fish is easy to digest after being ingested.
2. The invention adopts glucose powder, lactobacillus compound feed and other mixed baits, can effectively condition the intestinal flora structure and achieve the purpose of preventing enteritis, ascites and other diseases.
3. In addition, the water exchange capacity of the circulating water system is large, a vortex is easily formed at the central pipe, the circulating water system cannot cut off water, therefore, water cut-off or feed feeding can be carried out after the water flow is adjusted to be small, in addition, the cynoglossus semilaevis ingests slowly, a lot of feed is screwed away from the central pipe by the water flow, and the problem of feed waste can not be solved by the existing system. The invention develops the water inlet pipe, changes the direction of water flow by adjusting the direction of the water inlet pipe, stabilizes the water surface before feeding feed, increases the rotating force of water after feeding, and discharges residual bait and excrement along with water flow. The method is beneficial to the cynoglossus semilaevis to be fed fully, and solves the problem of feed waste, thereby reducing the breeding cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional water inlet pipe.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the water inlet pipe of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-culture pond, 2-water inlet pipe, 3-elbow, 4-pipeline, 5-valve, 6-water outlet small hole and 7-central pipe.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water culture enteritis prevention and treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing bait: adding 8-12g of glucose powder (produced by Fuzhou Hai Wang Fu medicine pharmacy Co., ltd.), 4-6g of lactobacillus compound feed (produced by Weifang bioengineering Co., ltd.) and 100-200g of clear water into 1kg of compound feed, adding the glucose powder and the lactobacillus compound feed into the clear water before use, stirring uniformly, slowly adding into the feed, stirring continuously until the water is completely absorbed, air-drying the feed for 1-2h, and feeding when the feed is not sticky;
2) Water inlet reformation: the water inlet pipe 2 is connected with an elbow 3, a 40-80cm long pipeline 4 is connected according to the depth of the culture pond 1, the tail end of the pipeline 4 is 5-6cm away from the bottom of the pond and is sealed, a row of small water outlet holes 6 are vertically drilled on the pipeline which is 8-10cm away from the elbow 3, the diameter of each small water outlet hole 6 is 4-6mm, and the distance between the two holes is 6-10mm (as shown in figure 2);
3) Bait feeding: 30-60min before feeding baits, adjusting the water inlet pipe to ensure that the small water outlet holes are opposite to the central pipe 7 of the culture pond to add water, and feeding the baits after the water flow rotating force disappears and the water surface is calm; feeding bait for 30-40min, after the cynoglossus semilaevis is fed with bait, adjusting the water inlet pipe to make the water outlet small hole parallel to the pool wall so as to increase the rotary force of water and discharge residual bait and excrement along with water flow;
4) The bait feeding amount is as follows: during the culture period, the bait is mixed and fed every day, the bait is mixed immediately before use, the daily feeding amount is 1-3% of the weight of the fish, and the bait is fed for 2 times every day; when the water temperature of the circulating water system changes in winter and summer, the feeding amount can be reduced according to the water temperature condition.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: in step 1), bait preparation: adding 3-5g (calculated according to effective components) of antibiotic (such as florfenicol) and 40-60g of adhesive or egg white into 1kg of compound feed, fully mixing the antibiotic and the adhesive or the egg white before use, then slowly adding the mixture into the feed, continuously stirring, drying in the shade for 20-30 minutes, and feeding.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: in steps 2) and 3), the design of the water inlet is as follows: the water inlet pipe 2 is connected in front of the valve 5, and the water flow is adjusted through the valve 5 (as shown in figure 1). Because the circulating water system can not stop water and can not uniformly close water flow, the water inlet can not quickly make the rotating force of water in the pool disappear under the condition of not changing the size of the water flow, and further the bait waste is reduced. In production, when the water inlet of the comparative example 2 is adopted, bait feeding is generally carried out directly without changing the size and the direction of water flow, but the bait is particularly seriously wasted because the cynoglossus semilaevis lives at the water bottom and the food intake is very slow.
The observation or detection of the cynoglossus semilaevis cultured in the example 1 and the comparative examples 1-2 respectively shows that the cynoglossus semilaevis does not have common diseases such as enteritis and ascites in the culturing process by adopting the example 1, the culturing survival rate reaches 98%, the fish body has good food intake, and the bait waste rate is only 10%. In comparative example 1, the antibiotics have a drug withdrawal period and cannot be fed for a long time for prevention, and are generally fed after the fish body has diseases in production, but the fish body hardly takes food after suffering from diseases, so that the prevention and treatment effect is poor, and the culture survival rate is only 60%. In comparative example 2, since the circulating water system cannot stop water supply and cannot uniformly reduce the water flow so as to avoid affecting the water treatment system, the water inlet of comparative example 2 is adopted, and when bait is fed, the bait is generally fed directly without changing the water inflow and the water inlet direction. Because the flow of the circulating water is large, the rotary force of the water in the pond is large, the bait waste is serious, and the bait waste rate is as high as 40%.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A cynoglossus semilaevis circulating water aquaculture bait feeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing bait: adding 8-12g of glucose powder, 4-6g of lactobacillus compound feed and 100-200g of clear water into 1kg of compound feed according to the proportion, adding the glucose powder and the lactobacillus compound feed into the clear water before use, uniformly stirring, slowly adding into the feed without stopping stirring until the water is completely absorbed, then air-drying the feed, and feeding when the feed is not sticky;
feeding baits;
between step 1) and step 2), still include the water inlet transformation: the water inlet pipe is connected with an elbow, a pipeline is connected according to the depth of the culture pond, the tail end of the pipeline is sealed, and a row of small water outlet holes are vertically drilled on the pipeline;
in step 2), bait feeding: 30-60min before feeding baits, adjusting the water inlet pipe to ensure that the small water outlet holes are opposite to the central pipe of the culture pond to add water, and feeding the baits after the water flow rotating force disappears and the water surface is calm; feeding bait for 30-40min, after the cynoglossus semilaevis is fed, adjusting the water inlet pipe to make the water outlet small hole parallel to the pool wall to increase the rotary force of water, and discharging residual bait and excrement along with water flow.
2. The cynoglossus semilaevis recirculating aquaculture bait feeding method of claim 1, wherein in step 1), the feed is air-dried for 1-2h.
3. The cynoglossus semilaevis recirculating aquaculture bait feeding method of claim 1, wherein the length of the pipeline is 40-80cm, the tail end of the pipeline is 5-6cm away from the bottom of the tank, and a row of small water outlet holes are vertically drilled on the pipeline which is 8-10cm away from the elbow.
4. The cynoglossus semilaevis recirculating aquaculture bait feeding method of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the water outlet small hole is 4-6mm, and the distance between the two holes is 6-10mm.
5. The cynoglossus semilaevis recirculating aquaculture bait feeding method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the bait feeding amount is as follows: during the culture period, the fish is mixed with bait and fed every day, the fish is mixed immediately, the daily feeding amount is 1-3% of the weight of the fish, and the fish is fed for 2 times every day.
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