CN113742945A - Optimization method for optimal water level of cattail growth in soda saline-alkali wetland - Google Patents
Optimization method for optimal water level of cattail growth in soda saline-alkali wetland Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 240000001398 Typha domingensis Species 0.000 title description 2
- 241000233948 Typha Species 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001518821 Typha orientalis Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000916437 Rohrbachia minima Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004224 Typha angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233945 Typhaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimal water level optimization method for cattail growth in a soda saline-alkali wetland, belongs to the technical field of ecological engineering, and particularly relates to the optimal water level optimization method for cattail growth in the soda saline-alkali wetland. The method aims to solve the technical problems of water resource waste and poor growth vigor of the cattail in the process of planting the cattail in the soda saline-alkali wetland. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting and processing cattail seedlings; secondly, setting a moisture condition; thirdly, measuring growth indexes; and fourthly, fitting the model and determining the optimal water level. The invention has strong operability and low cost, and avoids water resource waste caused by blind water supplement. Through accurate water supplement to the cattail growth period, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area and the biomass of the cattail are effectively improved, the viability of the cattail is improved, and the cattail wetland hydrological regulation and management and the rapid field planting and the construction of cattail communities in the soda saline-alkali wetland are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological engineering, and particularly relates to a method for optimizing the optimum water level for cattail growth in a soda saline-alkali wetland.
Background
Typha orientalis Presl, a perennial emergent aquatic plant of Typha genus of Typhaceae family, is widely distributed in North China, northeast China, northwest China, southwest China and middle and downstream watersheds of Yangtze river. The cattail has strong adaptability, fast growth and large biomass, can tolerate a certain salt alkalinity, is suitable for growing in humid environments such as lakes and marshes, and has good sewage purification capacity and health indication effect on aquatic ecosystems. The large-area cattail community can keep water resources, prevent water and soil loss and purify air, and also creates a superior natural environment for the reproduction and the information of a plurality of wild geese and ducks, aigrens, similar swimming birds and involved birds.
The northeast region is one of three sodium bicarbonate saline-alkali soil distribution areas in the world, and the wetland type mainly comprises fresh water swamps and lakes. In recent years, due to the influence of extreme rainfall and extreme drought events and excessive predation of wetland resources by human beings, the habitat quality of natural wetland typha minima and the distribution area of typha minima are seriously damaged, and the environment suitable for wetland waterfowl inhabitation is less and less. At present, due to the lack of systematic cognition of the relationship between the growth of the cattail and the moisture condition, the problems of water resource waste, poor cattail growth vigor and the like often occur in the cattail planting process in the soda saline-alkali wetland. Therefore, the method for optimizing the optimal water level for cattail growth in the soda saline-alkali wetland is provided, the optimal water level for cattail growth is determined, and the method is beneficial to cattail wetland hydrological regulation and management and rapid planting and construction of cattail communities in the soda saline-alkali wetland.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of water resource waste and poor growth vigor of typha in the process of planting typha in a soda saline-alkali wetland, and provides an optimal water level optimization method for typha growth in the soda saline-alkali wetland.
The optimization method for the optimum growth water level of typha orientalis in the soda saline-alkali wetland is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, collecting and processing cattail seedlings:
collecting cattail seedlings with roots and stems which are good in growth vigor and close in height under the natural environment of the wetland in the last ten days of 5 months, placing the cattail seedlings in a greenhouse hydroponic device for pre-culturing for 10 days, supplying sufficient water every day to ensure that the water level is 15cm higher than the roots of the cattail, and starting an experiment after the cattail seedlings survive;
setting a moisture condition:
selecting cattail seedlings with the plant height of 49-51 cm, planting the cattail seedlings in polyethylene culture pots with the soil depth of 20cm and the soil matrix of soda saline-alkali wetland soil, planting 10 cattail seedlings in each polyethylene culture pot, setting the root and stem penetration depth of the cattail to be 5cm, setting 7 groups of different water conditions, namely the flooding depth to be 0cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm and 60cm, setting 3 times of repetition for each flooding depth treatment, carrying out the experiment in a greenhouse, starting from the beginning of 6 months to the end of 8 months, and regularly replenishing water every day to ensure the set water conditions;
thirdly, measuring growth indexes:
after the experiment is finished, the overground and underground parts of the cattail are cleaned by clear water, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length and the leaf area of the cattail are measured by using a tape measure and a leaf area meter, and then the cattail is dried in a 65 ℃ oven to constant weight and weighed to obtain the overground biomass and the underground biomass;
fourthly, model fitting and determination of the optimal water level:
carrying out Gaussian function fitting on the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area, the aboveground biomass, the underground biomass and the water depth of the cattail, wherein the Gaussian function formula is
In the formula: y is the physiological and ecological index of the plant, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area, the aboveground biomass and the underground biomass; x is an environmental factor and the water depth; u is the optimum growth point of the plant to a certain environmental factor; t is the tolerance degree of the plant to certain environmental factors and is an index for describing the ecological range of the plant, and the suitable ecological range is expressed as [ u-t, u + t]Obtaining the water depth optimum ecological breadth and optimum growth point based on the above indexes for cattail growth, and performing intersection and mean treatment on the water depth ecological breadth and optimum growth point respectively to finally obtain water for cattail growthDeep optimum ecological breadth and optimum growing point.
And step two, the polyethylene culture pot is 35cm long, 30cm wide and 25cm high.
The invention has strong operability and low cost, and avoids water resource waste caused by blind water supplement. Through accurate water supplement to the cattail growth period, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area and the biomass of the cattail are effectively improved, the viability of the cattail is improved, and the cattail wetland hydrological regulation and management and the rapid field planting and the construction of cattail communities in the soda saline-alkali wetland are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a quadratic non-linear regression curve of cattail plant height and water depth based on a Gaussian model in experiment I;
FIG. 2 is a second non-linear regression curve based on Gaussian model of Typha leaf width and water depth in experiment I;
FIG. 3 is a second non-linear regression curve of Typha angustifolia leaf length and water depth based on a Gaussian model in experiment one;
FIG. 4 is a second non-linear regression curve based on Gaussian model of Typha leaf area and water depth in experiment I;
FIG. 5 is a second non-linear regression curve based on Gaussian model of above-ground biomass and water depth of Typha in experiment one;
FIG. 6 is a second non-linear regression curve of underground biomass and water depth of Typha plants in experiment I based on a Gaussian model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the optimization method of the water level optimum for cattail growth in the soda saline-alkali wetland.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the optimization method for the optimum growth water level of typha orientalis in the soda saline-alkali wetland comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting and processing cattail seedlings:
collecting cattail seedlings with roots and stems which are good in growth vigor and close in height under the natural environment of the wetland in the last ten days of 5 months, placing the cattail seedlings in a greenhouse hydroponic device for pre-culturing for 10 days, supplying sufficient water every day to ensure that the water level is 15cm higher than the roots of the cattail, and starting an experiment after the cattail seedlings survive;
setting a moisture condition:
selecting cattail seedlings with the plant height of 49-51 cm, planting the cattail seedlings in polyethylene culture pots with the soil depth of 20cm and the soil matrix of soda saline-alkali wetland soil, planting 10 cattail seedlings in each polyethylene culture pot, setting the root and stem penetration depth of the cattail to be 5cm, setting 7 groups of different water conditions, namely the flooding depth to be 0cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm and 60cm, setting 3 times of repetition for each flooding depth treatment, carrying out the experiment in a greenhouse, starting from the beginning of 6 months to the end of 8 months, and regularly replenishing water every day to ensure the set water conditions;
thirdly, measuring growth indexes:
after the experiment is finished, the overground and underground parts of the cattail are cleaned by clear water, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length and the leaf area of the cattail are measured by using a tape measure and a leaf area meter, and then the cattail is dried in a 65 ℃ oven to constant weight and weighed to obtain the overground biomass and the underground biomass;
fourthly, model fitting and determination of the optimal water level:
carrying out Gaussian function fitting on the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area, the aboveground biomass, the underground biomass and the water depth of the cattail, wherein the Gaussian function formula is
In the formula: y is the physiological and ecological index of the plant, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area, the aboveground biomass and the underground biomass; x is an environmental factor and the water depth; u is the optimum growth point of the plant to a certain environmental factor; t is the tolerance degree of the plant to certain environmental factors and is an index for describing the ecological range of the plant, and the suitable ecological range is expressed as [ u-t, u + t]And obtaining the water-depth optimum ecological breadth and optimum growth points for the growth of the cattail based on the indexes, and performing intersection and mean treatment on the water-depth ecological breadth and the optimum growth points respectively to finally obtain the water-depth optimum ecological breadth and the optimum growth points for the growth of the cattail.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the polyethylene culture pot in the second step has a length of 35cm, a width of 30cm and a height of 25 cm. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The following experiments are adopted to verify the effect of the invention:
experiment one:
soda saline-alkali soil and typha seedlings are collected in national natural protection areas of polo lakes of Jilin province of China academy of sciences in northeast China geographical and agricultural ecology research institute in 2020, and experiments are carried out with a greenhouse. The optimization method for the optimum growth water level of typha orientalis in the soda saline-alkali wetland in the experiment is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, collecting and processing cattail seedlings: in the early 5 th month of 2020, Typha populations with large areas are selected in the national natural reserve area of Polo lake of Jilin province, and Typha seedlings with good growth vigor and similar height and roots are collected and bundled together to be brought back to the greenhouse of the institute of geography and agriculture ecology of the Chinese academy of sciences in northeast. The typha seedlings were then pre-cultured in a greenhouse hydroponics device for 10 days, with sufficient tap water supplied daily to ensure a water level 15cm above the typha roots, and after they survived, the experiment was started.
Setting a moisture condition: selecting typha seedlings with the plant height of about 50cm, planting the typha seedlings in polyethylene culture pots (with the length of 35cm, the width of 30cm and the height of 25cm) with the soil depth of 20cm and the soil matrix of the polo lake soda saline-alkali wetland soil, planting 10 typha seedlings in each culture pot, and enabling the penetration depth of typha roots and stems to be 5 cm. Setting 7 groups of water conditions, wherein the flooding depths are 0cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm and 60cm respectively, and setting 3 times of repetition for each treatment. The experiment is carried out in a greenhouse, starting from No. 1 month 6 of the current year and ending at 30 days of 8 months, lasts for nearly 3 months, and the set moisture condition is ensured by regularly replenishing water quantity every day.
Thirdly, measuring growth indexes: after the experiment is finished, the overground and underground parts of all cattail plants are cleaned by clear water, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length and the leaf area of the cattail are measured, and then the cattail plants are dried in a 65 ℃ oven to constant weight and weighed to obtain the overground biomass and the underground biomass.
Fourthly, model fitting and determination of the optimal water level:
performing Gaussian function fitting on the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area, the aboveground biomass, the underground biomass and the water depth of the cattail (figures 1-6), and respectively obtaining the water depth optimum ecological amplitude of cattail growth based on the indexes as [ -12.6cm, 50.6cm ], [ -50.7cm, 90.7cm ], [ -10.6cm, 52.6cm ], [ -8.0cm, 49.7cm ], [ -4.4cm, 40.4cm ], [ -1.1cm and 38.1cm ]; the optimum growth point is 19.0cm, 20.0cm, 21.0cm, 20.8cm, 18.0cm, 18.5 cm. And performing intersection and mean treatment on the water depth ecological amplitude and the optimal growth point respectively, and combining the actual situation that the cattail grows in a water-saturated environment to finally obtain the water depth optimal ecological amplitude of the cattail growth of [0.0cm and 38.1cm ], wherein the optimal growth point is 19.6 cm.
After the scheme is implemented, the optimum ecological range of the water depth for typha growth is determined to be 0.0cm and 38.1cm, and the optimum growth point is determined to be 19.6 cm. The method has strong operability and avoids water resource waste caused by blind water supplement. Through reasonable ecological moisturizing, the viability of the cattail is improved, and the cattail is favorable for growth and rapid recovery.
Claims (2)
1. The optimization method for the optimal water level of cattail growth in the soda saline-alkali wetland is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, collecting and processing cattail seedlings:
collecting cattail seedlings with roots and stems which are good in growth vigor and close in height under the natural environment of the wetland in the last ten days of 5 months, placing the cattail seedlings in a greenhouse hydroponic device for pre-culturing for 10 days, supplying sufficient water every day to ensure that the water level is 15cm higher than the roots of the cattail, and starting an experiment after the cattail seedlings survive;
setting a moisture condition:
selecting cattail seedlings with the plant height of 49-51 cm, planting the cattail seedlings in polyethylene culture pots with the soil depth of 20cm and the soil matrix of soda saline-alkali wetland soil, planting 10 cattail seedlings in each polyethylene culture pot, setting the root and stem penetration depth of the cattail to be 5cm, setting 7 groups of different water conditions, namely the flooding depth to be 0cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm and 60cm, setting 3 times of repetition for each flooding depth treatment, carrying out the experiment in a greenhouse, starting from the beginning of 6 months to the end of 8 months, and regularly replenishing water every day to ensure the set water conditions;
thirdly, measuring growth indexes:
after the experiment is finished, the overground and underground parts of the cattail are cleaned by clear water, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length and the leaf area of the cattail are measured by using a tape measure and a leaf area meter, and then the cattail is dried in a 65 ℃ oven to constant weight and weighed to obtain the overground biomass and the underground biomass;
fourthly, model fitting and determination of the optimal water level:
carrying out Gaussian function fitting on the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area, the aboveground biomass, the underground biomass and the water depth of the cattail, wherein the Gaussian function formula is
In the formula: y is the physiological and ecological index of the plant, the plant height, the leaf width, the leaf length, the leaf area, the aboveground biomass and the underground biomass; x is an environmental factor and the water depth; u is the optimum growth point of the plant to a certain environmental factor; t is the tolerance degree of the plant to certain environmental factors and is an index for describing the ecological range of the plant, and the suitable ecological range is expressed as [ u-t, u + t]And obtaining the water-depth optimum ecological breadth and optimum growth points for the growth of the cattail based on the indexes, and performing intersection and mean treatment on the water-depth ecological breadth and the optimum growth points respectively to finally obtain the water-depth optimum ecological breadth and the optimum growth points for the growth of the cattail.
2. The method for optimizing cattail growth optimum water level in soda saline-alkali wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyethylene cultivation pot in the second step is 35cm long, 30cm wide and 25cm high.
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