CN113698224B - Resistance welding connection device and silicon carbide connection method - Google Patents
Resistance welding connection device and silicon carbide connection method Download PDFInfo
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
- C04B2237/365—Silicon carbide
Abstract
The invention discloses a resistance welding connecting device and a silicon carbide connecting method, wherein the resistance welding connecting device comprises a heating chamber, a heating assembly and two resistance welding electrodes which are arranged in the heating chamber, a power supply connecting unit for externally connecting a power supply, and a transformer which is conductively connected between the resistance welding electrodes and the power supply connecting unit; two resistance welding electrode sets up relatively, is formed with the location space between the two, the location space is used for the relative two ceramic connecting pieces of complex of holding, two ceramic connecting piece's butt joint face be equipped with be used for with resistance welding electrode electrically conductive resistance weld material. According to the resistance welding connecting device, the heating assembly is arranged in the heating chamber and used for preheating the ceramic connecting piece before resistance welding and regulating and controlling the resistivity of the ceramic connecting piece, so that the conduction of a resistance welding route where a resistance welding electrode is located is realized, and the rapid connection between the ceramic connecting pieces (such as silicon carbide connecting pieces) is further realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic material connection, in particular to a resistance welding connection device and a silicon carbide connection method.
Background
As for a cladding material for nuclear, zirconium alloy is commercially used at present, but zirconium alloy has poor high-temperature oxidation performance and low high-temperature strength, and easily causes leakage of nuclear fuel under a dehydration condition. In addition, the zirconium alloy has a large hydrogen production amount under the condition of high-temperature steam, and is easy to cause hydrogen explosion, such as the Fudao nuclear accident in 2011. Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics have high melting point, high strength and corrosion resistance, so that the SiC ceramics can be widely applied to the fields of vehicles, ocean engineering, nuclear energy, aerospace and the like. Moreover, siC has good neutron irradiation resistance and a low neutron absorption cross section, so that the SiC has great potential to be applied to a cladding material of a reactor in the nuclear energy field.
The SiC has the excellent performance, so that the problems possibly occurring in the service process of the zirconium alloy can be solved. However, for the application of SiC cladding, because of its high melting point and low self-diffusion coefficient, the application of SiC cladding requires a solution to the problem of the connection of the two ends. The existing connection technology mainly adopts sintering furnaces for connection, such as a pressureless sintering furnace, a hot-pressing sintering furnace, a discharge plasma sintering furnace, a muffle furnace and the like, although the above sintering equipment can realize SiC connection, the connection efficiency is very low, and the generated heat affected zone is large, which is not beneficial to sealing under the condition that SiC cladding is loaded with nuclear fuel, so that a device for rapidly welding silicon carbide materials is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a resistance welding connecting device for realizing quick connection between ceramic connecting pieces and a silicon carbide connecting method using the resistance welding connecting device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the resistance welding connecting device comprises a heating chamber, a heating assembly, two resistance welding electrodes, a power supply connecting unit and a transformer, wherein the heating assembly and the two resistance welding electrodes are arranged in the heating chamber;
two resistance welding electrode sets up relatively, is formed with the location space between the two, the location space is used for the relative two ceramic connecting pieces of complex of holding, two ceramic connecting piece's butt joint face be equipped with be used for with resistance welding electrode electrically conductive resistance weld material.
Preferably, the heat generating component is provided on an inner wall surface of the heating chamber.
Preferably, the outer wall surface of the heating chamber is provided with a heat insulation layer.
Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is a graphite carbon felt; the heating component comprises a plurality of graphite heating bodies.
Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is mullite heat-insulating cotton; the heating component comprises a plurality of heating bodies, and the heating bodies are silicon-molybdenum rods and ZrB 2 -at least one of SiC.
Preferably, the insulating layer is made of a high melting point metal; the refractory metal comprises at least one of molybdenum and tungsten;
the heating component comprises a plurality of heating bodies, and the heating bodies are made of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten.
Preferably, the resistance welding electrode is made of refractory metal; the refractory metal comprises at least one of tungsten, copper and molybdenum.
Preferably, the resistance welding connection device further includes a battery conductively connected to the heat generating component.
Preferably, the resistance welding connection device further comprises a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature in the heating chamber or the temperature of the ceramic connecting piece.
The present invention also provides a silicon carbide connection method using the resistance welding connection device described in any one of the above, the silicon carbide connection method including the steps of:
s1, arranging a resistance welding material between two silicon carbide connecting pieces to be connected to form a connecting structure with the two silicon carbide connecting pieces;
s2, placing the connecting structure into a heating chamber and placing the connecting structure into a positioning space between two resistance welding electrodes;
s3, electrifying the heating component in the heating chamber to heat, so that the temperature of the silicon carbide connecting piece in the heating chamber is increased to 500-1200 ℃, and the resistivity of the silicon carbide connecting piece is reduced;
and S4, electrifying the two resistance welding electrodes and applying load to the two silicon carbide connecting pieces to ensure that the resistance welding materials are melted to connect the two silicon carbide connecting pieces into a whole.
Preferably, the silicon carbide connecting piece is made of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide, solid phase sintered silicon carbide, chemical vapor deposition silicon carbide, reaction sintered silicon carbide or silicon carbide composite material.
Preferably, the resistance weld material comprises at least one of glass, metal, ceramic, precursor, MAX phase.
Preferably, the glass comprises SiO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 、SiO 2 -MgO-Y 2 O 3 、CaO-Al 2 O 3 At least one of (a) and (b);
the metal comprises at least one of Ti, mo, cr, zr, ta, nb and W;
the ceramic comprises at least one of silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, titanium carbonitride and aluminum oxide;
the precursor is at least one of polysilazane, polysilazane and polysiloxane;
the MAX phase comprises Ti 3 SiC 2 、Mo 5 SiC 3 At least one of TaAlC and TaAlC.
Preferably, an atmosphere in the heating chamber is a vacuum atmosphere, an air atmosphere, a nitrogen atmosphere, or an argon atmosphere.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the resistance welding connecting device, the heating assembly is arranged in the heating chamber and used for preheating the ceramic connecting piece before resistance welding and regulating and controlling the resistivity of the ceramic connecting piece, so that the conduction of a resistance welding route where a resistance welding electrode is located is realized, and the rapid connection between the ceramic connecting pieces (such as silicon carbide connecting pieces) is further realized.
The resistance welding connection device has no requirement on the conductivity of the ceramic connecting piece at room temperature, and can realize the resistance welding connection of conductive and non-conductive materials.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a resistance welding connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The resistance welding connecting device is used for quickly connecting two ceramic connecting pieces into a whole in a resistance welding mode.
As shown in fig. 1, the resistance welding connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heating chamber 10, a heat generating component 20 and two resistance welding electrodes 30 disposed in the heating chamber 10, a power connection unit 40 for externally connecting a power source, and a transformer 50 conductively connected between the resistance welding electrodes 30 and the power connection unit 40.
The heating chamber 10, which serves as a working chamber for resistance welding, may be formed within a heating enclosure made of a high temperature resistant material. The heating unit 20 generates heat after being energized to raise the temperature in the heating chamber 10, and also heats the ceramic connecting member 100 placed in the heating chamber 10 to lower the resistivity of the ceramic connecting member 100 to the operating temperature required for resistance welding. The heating component 20 may include a plurality of heating elements, the plurality of heating elements are disposed on at least one inner wall surface of the heating chamber 10 (i.e., an inner wall surface of the heating housing), and an insulating layer (not shown) is disposed on an outer wall surface of the heating chamber 10 (i.e., an outer wall surface of the heating housing) to insulate a working temperature in the heating chamber 10.
The heat-insulating layer can be graphite carbon felt or mullite heat-insulating cotton or made of high-melting-point metal. The specific selection of the heat-insulating layer is correlated with the heating element; the heating body can be in the form of a heating rod or a heating wire. For example, when the heat insulating layer is a graphite carbon felt, the heating element of the heating element 20 is preferably a graphite heating element; when the heat-insulating layer is mullite heat-insulating cotton, the heating elements are silicon-molybdenum rods and ZrB 2 -SiC(ZrB 2 And SiC); when the heat-insulating layer is made of high-melting point metal and the high-melting point metal comprises at least one of molybdenum and tungsten, the heating element is made of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten.
In the heating chamber 10, two resistance welding electrodes 30 are disposed to face each other with a positioning space formed therebetween. The positioning space is used for accommodating two ceramic connecting pieces 100 which are matched oppositely, and the butt joint surfaces of the two ceramic connecting pieces 100 are provided with resistance welding materials 200 which are used for conducting electricity with the resistance welding electrodes 30.
When the resistivity of the ceramic connecting member 100 is reduced to the lowest or a conduction point with a temperature change, the resistance welding electrode 30 is electrically connected to the resistance welding material 200 through the ceramic connecting member 100, so that the two resistance welding electrodes 30 are conducted.
The opposite ends of the two resistance welding electrodes 30 may be respectively provided with a positioning platform or the like to be attached to the ceramic connecting member 100, and to facilitate uniform application of a load to the ceramic connecting member 100.
The resistance welding electrode 30 is made of refractory metal. The refractory metal comprises at least one of tungsten, copper and molybdenum.
The power connection unit 40 may be a power interface or a power connector for an external power source, which regulates and controls current and voltage through the transformer 50 and then supplies the regulated and controlled current and voltage to the resistance welding electrode 30.
Further, the resistance welding connection device of the present invention may further include a battery 60 and a temperature detection unit (not shown). The battery 60 is electrically connected to the heating element 20 to supply power to the heating element 20 to generate heat. Of course, the heat generating component 20 may be externally connected to a power source. The temperature detection unit is used for detecting the temperature in the heating chamber 10, and in combination with the heat generating component 20, the temperature in the heating chamber 10 can be monitored, so as to control the temperature in the heating chamber 10 within a desired temperature range.
The resistance welding connection device of the present invention is suitable for, but not limited to, connection between ceramic materials such as silicon carbide.
Referring to fig. 1, when the ceramic connection member 100 is a silicon carbide connection member, a silicon carbide connection method for achieving a quick connection of the silicon carbide connection member using a resistance welding connection apparatus may include the steps of:
s1, disposing the resistance welding material 200 between two silicon carbide connectors (refer to 100 in fig. 1) to be connected, the resistance welding material 200 and the two silicon carbide connectors forming a connection structure.
The two silicon carbide connecting pieces are respectively subjected to coarse grinding, polishing and cleaning in advance, and the matching and cleaning of the butt joint surfaces are ensured.
The extent of the resistance weld material 200 disposed between the two silicon carbide connectors is determined by the area of the interface of the two silicon carbide connectors, so that the resistance weld material 200 covers the entire interface. The resistance weld material 200 is placed between two silicon carbide connectors in the form of a slurry, tape cast sheet, or powder.
The silicon carbide connecting piece is made of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide, solid phase sintered silicon carbide, chemical vapor deposition silicon carbide, reaction sintered silicon carbide or silicon carbide composite material.
The resistance weld material 200 includes at least one of glass, metal, ceramic, precursor, and MAX phases.
Wherein the glass comprises SiO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 (SiO 2 、Y 2 O 3 And Al 2 O 3 Mixed) of Y and 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 (Y 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 Mixed), siO 2 -MgO-Y 2 O 3 (SiO 2 MgO and Y 2 O 3 Mixed) of CaO and Al 2 O 3 (CaO and Al) 2 O 3 Mixed) at least one of the components; the metal comprises at least one of Ti, mo, cr, zr, ta, nb and W; the ceramic comprises at least one of silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, titanium carbonitride and aluminum oxide; the precursor is at least one of polysilazane, polyazetasilane and polysiloxane; the MAX phase comprises Ti 3 SiC 2 、Mo 5 SiC 3 At least one of TaAlC and TaAlC.
S2, placing the connecting structure into the heating chamber 10 and placing the connecting structure into a positioning space between the two resistance welding electrodes 30.
In the positioning space, the two silicon carbide connectors are respectively attached to the positioning platforms on the end portions of the two resistance welding electrodes 30, and a certain load is applied to the two silicon carbide connectors by the two resistance welding electrodes 30 approaching to each other, so that the whole connecting structure is clamped between the two resistance welding electrodes 30.
The atmosphere in the heating chamber 10 may be a vacuum atmosphere, an air atmosphere, a nitrogen atmosphere, or an argon atmosphere.
When the heat generating body of the heat generating component 20 is a graphite heat generating body, the atmosphere in the heating chamber 10 is preferably a vacuum, nitrogen or argon atmosphere.
When the heating element of the heating component 20 is a silicon-molybdenum rod or ZrB 2 The atmosphere inside the heating chamber 10 is preferably a vacuum or an air atmosphere when at least one of SiC is used.
When the heating element of the heating element assembly 20 is made of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten, the atmosphere in the heating chamber 10 is preferably vacuum, nitrogen or argon.
And S3, electrifying the heating component 20 in the heating chamber 10 to heat, so that the heating temperature in the heating chamber 10 is increased to 500-1200 ℃, and the resistivity of the silicon carbide connecting piece is reduced.
In the step, the purpose of heating is to regulate and control the resistivity of the silicon carbide material and realize the conduction of a resistance welding route. Namely: after the heating component 20 is electrified to heat, the temperature in the heating chamber 10 is increased, and the silicon carbide connecting piece is also heated, wherein the resistivity of the silicon carbide connecting piece changes along with the temperature change; when the resistivity of the silicon carbide connector is minimized (or at a conduction point), the resistance welding material 200 is conductively connected to the resistance welding electrodes 30, so that the two resistance welding electrodes 30 are conducted through the resistance welding material 200, and the resistance welding line is conducted.
For silicon carbide materials, the resistivity is lowest when the temperature reaches 700-1000 ℃.
And S4, electrifying the two resistance welding electrodes 30 and applying load to the two silicon carbide connecting pieces to melt the resistance welding material 200 so as to connect the two silicon carbide connecting pieces into a whole.
When the power is turned on, the external power supply supplies the resistance welding electrode 30 after regulating and controlling the current and the voltage through the transformer 40. Meanwhile, the two silicon carbide connectors are loaded by the two resistance welding electrodes 30, so that the silicon carbide connectors are ensured to be fully contacted with the resistance welding material 200, and the two silicon carbide connectors are quickly connected under the resistance quick heating condition.
When the invention is applied to the field of nuclear power, the two silicon carbide connecting pieces can be a silicon carbide cladding tube and a silicon carbide end plug respectively, and the two silicon carbide connecting pieces are connected to form a cladding, so that the sealing property is good, and the problem of leakage of fuel in a cladding core is solved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The resistance welding connecting device is characterized by comprising a heating chamber, a heating component, two resistance welding electrodes, a power supply connecting unit and a transformer, wherein the heating component and the two resistance welding electrodes are arranged in the heating chamber;
the two resistance welding electrodes are oppositely arranged, a positioning space is formed between the two electrodes, the positioning space is used for accommodating two ceramic connecting pieces which are oppositely matched, and resistance welding materials used for conducting electricity with the resistance welding electrodes are arranged on the butt joint surfaces of the two ceramic connecting pieces;
one ends of the two resistance welding electrodes opposite to each other are respectively provided with a positioning platform for being attached to the ceramic connecting piece and applying load to the ceramic connecting piece; and the two resistance welding electrodes are in conductive connection with the resistance welding material through the ceramic connecting piece, so that the two resistance welding electrodes are conducted.
2. A resistance welding connection as claimed in claim 1, wherein said heat generating component is provided on an inner wall surface of said heating chamber.
3. An electric resistance welding connection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer wall surface of said heating chamber is provided with an insulating layer.
4. A resistance weld connection according to claim 3, wherein the insulating layer is a graphite carbon felt; the heating component comprises a plurality of graphite heating bodies.
5. A resistance welding connection according to claim 3, wherein said insulation layer is mullite insulation wool; the heating component comprises a plurality of heating bodies, and the heating bodies are silicon-molybdenum rods and ZrB 2 -at least one of SiC.
6. A resistance welding connection as claimed in claim 3, wherein said insulation layer is made of a high melting point metal; the refractory metal comprises at least one of molybdenum and tungsten;
the heating component comprises a plurality of heating bodies, and the heating bodies are made of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten.
7. A resistance welding connection as claimed in claim 1, wherein said resistance welding electrode is made of refractory metal; the refractory metal comprises at least one of tungsten, copper and molybdenum.
8. A resistance weld connection according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a battery in conductive connection with the heat generating component.
9. An electric resistance welding connection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature within said heating chamber or the temperature of the ceramic connection.
10. A silicon carbide joining method using the resistance welding joining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging a resistance welding material between two silicon carbide connecting pieces to be connected to form a connecting structure with the two silicon carbide connecting pieces;
s2, placing the connecting structure into a heating chamber and placing the connecting structure into a positioning space between two resistance welding electrodes;
the two silicon carbide connecting pieces are respectively attached to positioning platforms on the end parts of the two resistance welding electrodes, and the two resistance welding electrodes are close to each other to apply load to the two silicon carbide connecting pieces, so that the connecting structure is clamped between the two resistance welding electrodes;
s3, electrifying the heating component in the heating chamber to heat, so that the temperature of the silicon carbide connecting piece in the heating chamber is increased to 500-1200 ℃, and the resistivity of the silicon carbide connecting piece is reduced;
and S4, electrifying the two resistance welding electrodes and applying load to the two silicon carbide connecting pieces to ensure that the resistance welding materials are melted to connect the two silicon carbide connecting pieces into a whole.
11. The silicon carbide joining method of claim 10, wherein the silicon carbide joining member is made of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide, solid phase sintered silicon carbide, chemical vapor deposited silicon carbide, reaction sintered silicon carbide, or a silicon carbide composite material.
12. The silicon carbide joining method of claim 10, wherein the resistance weld material comprises at least one of a glass, a metal, a ceramic, a precursor, a MAX phase;
the glass comprises SiO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 、SiO 2 -MgO-Y 2 O 3 、CaO-Al 2 O 3 At least one of (a) and (b);
the metal comprises at least one of Ti, mo, cr, zr, ta, nb and W;
the ceramic comprises at least one of silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, titanium carbonitride and aluminum oxide;
the precursor is at least one of polysilazane, polyazetasilane and polysiloxane;
the MAX phase comprises Ti 3 SiC 2 、Mo 5 SiC 3 At least one of TaAlC and TaAlC.
13. The silicon carbide joining method according to claim 10, wherein an atmosphere in the heating chamber is a vacuum atmosphere, an air atmosphere, a nitrogen atmosphere, or an argon atmosphere.
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| CN111892418A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-11-06 | 安徽工程大学 | Connecting material for connecting silicon carbide ceramics and application method thereof |
| CN111960844A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-20 | 广东工业大学 | Ceramic connecting piece and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112570832A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-30 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Silicon carbide cladding and brazing connection method thereof |
| CN112460996A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-09 | 深圳市国创新材料科技有限公司 | Ultrafast heating sintering device and application thereof |
| CN112759410A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-07 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Silicon carbide ceramic connection method and silicon carbide cladding |
| CN112851388A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-28 | 广东工业大学 | Silicon carbide ceramic connecting piece and connecting method and application thereof |
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