CN105960033B - Heating device - Google Patents
Heating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105960033B CN105960033B CN201610547908.3A CN201610547908A CN105960033B CN 105960033 B CN105960033 B CN 105960033B CN 201610547908 A CN201610547908 A CN 201610547908A CN 105960033 B CN105960033 B CN 105960033B
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- cold end
- heating element
- heater
- cold
- limiting sleeve
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/18—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being embedded in an insulating material
Abstract
The invention relates to a heater, which relates to the technical field of electric heating facilities and comprises an extraction electrode, a heating element, a cold end element and a limiting sleeve; the leading-out electrodes respectively extend out of a fixed end, one end of the cold end element is connected with the fixed end of the leading-out electrode, the other end of the cold end element is connected with the heating element, the other end of the heating element is connected with the limiting sleeve, and the heating element is made of carbon fibers, graphite or carbon materials. One leading-out electrode, the cold end and the heating element are sequentially connected with one or two heating elements, the cold end and the leading-out electrode through a limiting sleeve, so that a complete two-phase or three-phase electric loop can be formed, and the resistance heating process is realized; by using carbon fiber, graphite or carbon materials to manufacture the heating element, the technical problems of low heater efficiency and high use cost caused by low electric and thermal conversion rate due to the limitation of the heating element materials in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating facilities, in particular to a heater.
Background
The heater has small volume, high heating power and wide application range, and people can not leave the heater more and more. The core of the heater principle is energy conversion, most widely, the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy. Such as an electric heater, and a common heating method of the electric heater is resistance heating, which is to convert electric energy into heat energy by using joule effect of electric current to heat an object. And is generally classified into direct resistance heating and indirect resistance heating. The former power supply voltage is directly applied to the heated object, and when current flows, the heated object itself (such as an electric heating ironing machine) generates heat. Indirect resistance heating requires a heating element made of a special alloy material or a non-metallic material, and the heating element generates heat energy which is transferred to an object to be heated by radiation, convection, conduction and the like. Since the object to be heated and the heating element are divided into two parts, the kind of the object to be heated is not limited in general, and the operation is easy.
The materials used for the heating element of indirect resistance heating generally require large resistivity, small temperature coefficient of resistance, small deformation at high temperature and difficult embrittlement. Commonly used are metal materials such as iron-aluminum alloy, nickel-chromium alloy and the like and non-metal materials such as silicon carbide, molybdenum disilicide and the like. The maximum working temperature of the metal heating element can reach 1000-1500 ℃ according to the type of materials; the maximum working temperature of the nonmetal heating element can reach 1500-1700 ℃. The heating furnace is convenient to install and can be replaced by a heating furnace, but the heating furnace needs a pressure regulating device when in work, has shorter service life than an alloy heating element, and is generally used for high-temperature furnaces, places with temperature higher than the allowable maximum working temperature of a metal material heating element and some special occasions. The highest working temperature of the heating element is low, and the electricity and heat conversion rate is low, so that the working occasions of the heater are limited, and the waste of electric energy and heat energy is also caused, and a novel efficient energy-saving heater is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heater, which aims to solve the technical problems of low heater efficiency and high use cost caused by low electric and thermal conversion rate due to the limitation of heating element materials in the prior art.
The invention relates to a heater, which comprises an extraction electrode, a heating element, a cold end element and a limiting sleeve;
a fixed end extends from each of the leading-out electrodes;
one end of the cold end element is connected with the fixed end of the leading-out electrode, and the other end of the cold end element is connected with the heating element;
the other end of the heating element is connected with a limiting sleeve;
the heating element is made of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon material.
Furthermore, two leading-out electrodes extend out of the two leading-out electrodes respectively to form a fixed end;
the cold end element consists of a first cold end and a second cold end, the fixed end of one extraction electrode is connected with the first cold end, the fixed end of the other extraction electrode is connected with the second cold end, and the first cold end and the second cold end are not contacted with each other;
two heating elements are provided, one end of one heating element is connected with the first cold end, and one end of the other heating element is connected with the second cold end;
and the other end of the heating element is connected with a limiting sleeve.
The device further comprises a protection tube, wherein the protection tube comprises an outer protection tube and a temperature measuring thermocouple tube;
a first cold end, a second cold end, a heating element and a limiting sleeve are arranged in the outer protective tube, and the temperature measuring thermocouple tube is arranged between the first cold end and the second cold end;
the temperature measuring thermocouple tube and the outer protection tube are made of silicon nitride ceramics.
Furthermore, the inner space of the outer protection tube is filled with filling powder with insulation, heat dissipation and heat transfer properties.
Further, the filling powder is powdered boron nitride ceramic, silicon nitride ceramic or alumina.
Further, the inner environment of the outer protective tube is vacuum.
Further, the limiting sleeve is positioned at the bottom of the outer protection tube;
a groove is formed in the upper surface of the limiting sleeve, and the bottom of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube abuts against the groove.
Furthermore, the limiting sleeve is made of graphite, carbon or carbon fiber materials.
Further, the heat insulation sheet is arranged between the leading-out electrode and the first cold end and between the leading-out electrode and the second cold end.
Furthermore, the device also comprises an upper connecting sheet and a lower connecting sheet;
the upper connecting sheet and the lower connecting sheet are made of boron nitride, silicon nitride or aluminum oxide;
the upper connecting sheet and the lower connecting sheet are used for relatively and fixedly connecting the first cold end and the second cold end;
the first and second cold ends are not in contact with each other.
Has the advantages that: in the heater provided by the embodiment, one leading-out electrode, the cold end and the heating element are sequentially connected with one or two heating elements, the cold end and the leading-out electrode through the limiting sleeve to form a complete two-phase or three-phase electric loop, so that a resistance heating process is realized; the cold end element has a cross section area which is several times of that of the heating element, the resistance of the cold end element is far smaller than that of the heating element, only lower heat is generated in the heating process, the temperature is hardly changed, and the lead-out electrode is prevented from being damaged due to overheating at the joint; the limiting sleeve is fixed with the heating element to limit the movement of the heating element, the heating element is made of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon materials, the electric and heat conversion rate of the carbon fiber, the graphite or the carbon materials can reach 70-97%, an electromagnetic field is not generated, and the heating element has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection, is high temperature resistant, has high resistivity, can realize small specification and high power of the heater, and has high practical value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. leading out an electrode; 2. A heat insulating sheet; 3. An upper connecting sheet;
4. a cold end element; 5. A lower connecting sheet; 6. Filling powder;
7. a heating element; 8. Measuring the temperature of the thermocouple tube; 9. An outer protection tube;
10. a limiting sleeve; 11. A fixed end; 41. A first cold end;
42. a second cold end.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The heater provided by the invention comprises an extraction electrode 1, a heating element 7, a cold end element 4 and a limiting sleeve 10; a fixed end 11 extends from each extraction electrode 1; one end of the cold end element 4 is connected with the fixed end 11 of the leading-out electrode 1, and the other end of the cold end element is connected with the heating element 7; the other end of the heating element 7 is connected with a limiting sleeve 10; the heating element 7 is made of carbon fiber, graphite or a carbon material. That is, one leading-out electrode 1, the cold end and the heating element 7 are connected with one or two heating elements 7, the cold end and the leading-out electrode 1 in sequence through the limiting sleeve 10 to form a complete two-phase or three-phase electric loop, so that the resistance heating process is realized. The heating element 7 is made of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon materials, the electric and thermal conversion rate of the carbon fiber, the graphite or the carbon materials can reach 70-97%, and an electromagnetic field is not generated, so that the heater has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection, and the characteristics of high temperature resistance and high resistivity can realize small specification and high power of the heater, and has higher practical value.
The heater provided by the embodiment is a two-phase heater, as shown in fig. 1, the extraction electrode 1 has two and respectively extends out of a fixed end 11; the cold end element 4 consists of a first cold end and a second cold end, a fixed end 11 of one extraction electrode 1 is connected with the first cold end, a fixed end 11 of the other extraction electrode 1 is connected with the second cold end, and the first cold end and the second cold end are not contacted with each other; two heating elements 7 are provided, one end of one heating element 7 is connected with the first cold end, and one end of the other heating element 7 is connected with the second cold end; the other end of the heating element 7 is connected with a limiting sleeve 10.
In the heater provided by the embodiment, the cold end element 4 is composed of the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42, and is respectively connected with the leading-out electrode 1 and the heating element 7, and the resistance values of the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42 are far smaller than the resistance value of the heating element 7, so that compared with the heating element 7, the heat generated by the heater during operation is very small, the temperature is hardly changed, and the leading-out electrode 1 is prevented from being damaged due to overheating at the connection position; the limiting sleeve 10 is fixed with the heating element 7 to limit the movement of the heating element 7, and since the heater provided by the embodiment is a tube-type heater, the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42 are half hollow cylinders cut along the center of a circular surface in the embodiment, and the two half hollow cylinders are not in contact with each other; the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42 are also made of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon material and the resistance is made much smaller than that of the heating element 7 by increasing the cross-sectional area.
For the cold end element 4, the electric and thermal conversion rate of the carbon fiber, graphite and carbon material can reach 70-97%, and no electromagnetic field is generated, in this embodiment, the heater is made of graphite to form the heating element 7, the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42. The melting point of the graphite is 3850 +/-50 ℃, the boiling point of the graphite is 4250 ℃, and even if the graphite is burnt by an ultrahigh-temperature electric arc, the weight loss is very small and the thermal expansion coefficient is also very small; the strength of the graphite is enhanced along with the increase of the temperature, and the strength of the graphite is doubled at 2000 ℃; thus, the use of graphite as the heating element 7 can improve the life of the heater.
More importantly, the resistivity of the graphite at normal temperature is (8-13) multiplied by 10 -6 Ω · m, resistivity compared to each metal: nickel-chromium alloy 1.0X 10 -6 Omega · m and Fe-Al alloy (1.57-1.68). Times.10 -6 Omega m, the resistivity of graphite is larger, the same length and cross section area, the resistance value of graphite is larger, the more heat energy is emitted under the condition of a certain current, and the higher power work can be realized because the graphite has high temperature resistance and can output higher voltage at two ends, so that the graphite used as the heating element 7 can realize the higher power work under the condition of keeping the original specification and even smaller specification, and the working efficiency of the heater is greatly improved.
It should be noted that, according to the heating mode of the heater, there are two-phase heating and three-phase heating, the number of the heating elements 7 is two or three and their multiple, and according to the working environment of the heater and the influence of the resistance and resistivity of the heating elements 7, the heater with different phases is selected, and in general, the two-phase heater is selected, in which case the number of the heating elements 7 is two or two multiple; if the three-phase heater is selected to avoid the problems of unbalanced three-phase load of the power grid and voltage regulation in operation, the number of the heating elements 7 is three or a multiple of three.
As a further improvement of this embodiment, in addition to the purpose of rapid and uniform heat dissipation by increasing the number of the heating elements 7, the purpose can also be achieved by increasing the surface area of the heating elements 7, i.e. the wire can be changed into a tube or a plate.
The protection tube of this embodiment includes outer protection tube 9 and temperature measurement thermocouple tube 8, places first cold junction 41, second cold junction 42, heating element 7 and stop collar 10 in the outer protection tube 9, and temperature measurement thermocouple tube 8 is placed between first cold junction 41 and second cold junction 42. The outer protection tube 9 and the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 enclose the first cold end 41, the second cold end 42 and the heating element 7 in a closed space together, so that the heating element 7 is prevented from being oxidized at high temperature during working, and a thermocouple sensor can be inserted into the hollow of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 so as to detect temperature change at any time.
In the prior art, most of the protection tubes of the heater, namely the shells, are made of stainless steel, when the heating element 7 is made of nichrome, iron-aluminum alloy and the like, the heater is slowly heated due to low electricity and heat conversion rate, the stainless steel can adapt to the temperature difference change of the degree, but after the graphite is used as the heating element 7, the heater is quickly heated due to high-efficiency electricity and heat conversion rate, and the stainless steel as the protection tubes cannot well adapt to the temperature difference change of the degree, so that the protection tubes are damaged and the functions of the heater are influenced. As a further improvement of the embodiment, the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 and the outer protection tube 9 are made of silicon nitride ceramics.
Silicon nitride (Si 3N 4) ceramic material is used as an excellent high-temperature engineering material, and the application thereof in the high-temperature field can exert the most advantage. Firstly, the silicon nitride is extremely high temperature resistant, and at a not too high temperature, the silicon nitride has higher strength and impact resistance, the strength can be maintained to a high temperature of 1200 ℃ without reduction, the silicon nitride can not be melted into a melt after being heated, and can not be decomposed until 1900 ℃, but the silicon nitride is damaged along with the increase of the service life at a temperature of more than 1200 ℃, so that the strength is reduced, the silicon nitride is more easily subjected to fatigue damage at a temperature of more than 1450 ℃, and the service temperature of the silicon nitride is generally not more than 1300 ℃. The service temperature of the silicon nitride is higher than the highest working temperature of the graphite of the heating element 7, and the requirement of the heater is met.
Moreover, silicon nitride has remarkable chemical resistance, can resist almost all inorganic acids and caustic soda solution with the concentration of less than 30 percent, and can resist corrosion of a plurality of organic acids, so that the silicon nitride can adapt to more working occasions where stainless steel cannot be finished; meanwhile, the silicon nitride has low theoretical density, is lighter than stainless steel and other engineering super heat-resistant alloy steel, and the heater using the silicon nitride to manufacture the protection tube has smaller weight. And moreover, the silicon nitride has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity, so that the heat shock resistance of the silicon nitride is excellent, and on the basis of ensuring strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the heat can be better transferred out, and the working efficiency of the heater is further improved.
Most importantly, the temperature difference change has little influence on the silicon nitride, the silicon nitride sintered by hot pressing can not be cracked when being heated to l000 ℃ and put into cold water, and the silicon nitride is more matched with a heating element 7 made of graphite, so that the service life of the heater is prolonged.
The heating element 7 can quickly generate heat energy, but the temperature of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 and the outer protection tube 9 is required to be quickly raised, the middle part of the heating element is required to quickly transfer heat, and the heating element 7 is not in contact with the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 and the outer protection tube 9, so that the middle part of the heating element is also provided with filling powder 6 with good insulation, heat dissipation and heat transfer properties.
In this embodiment, the filling powder 6 is made of powdered boron nitride, silicon nitride, or alumina, which have excellent thermal conductivity and are carriers with good high temperature, insulation, and heat dissipation properties, and simultaneously isolates the heating element 7 from air, thereby protecting the heating element 7 from being oxidized by air at high temperature.
The heating element 7 is made of graphite, carbon fiber or carbon material, which can be heated up rapidly to 1000 ℃ or above in the operating state, but in the aerobic state, the carbon element is easy to generate oxidation reaction at 600 ℃, so the heating element 7 is sealed by the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 and the outer protection tube 9, on one hand, in order to prevent electric shock accidents, and on the other hand, in order to protect the heating element 7 from being oxidized during operation. However, in order to further prevent the heating element 7 from being oxidized, as a further improvement of this embodiment, the space inside the outer protection tube 9 is vacuumized to remove all the air inside the outer protection tube 9, and finally the connection between the heating element 7 and the outside is sealed with high temperature resistant cement.
It is worth noting that the two halves of hollow cylinders arranged on the upper half part of the heater can only slightly limit the left and right shaking of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8, and can not limit the up and down movement of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8; therefore, the limiting sleeve 10 is fixed with the heating element 7, the heating element 7 is prevented from moving or breaking under the action of external force, the movement of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 can be limited, the limiting sleeve 10 is arranged at the bottom of the outer protection tube 9, a groove is formed in the limiting sleeve 10, and the bottom of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 abuts against the groove. Therefore, the limiting sleeve 10 is fixed at the bottom of the outer protection tube 9, the temperature measuring thermocouple tube 8 cannot horizontally shake due to the limitation of the groove, the relative rest of the inside of the heater is achieved, and the stability of the heater is improved.
In this embodiment, the cold end element 4 reduces the resistance value by increasing the cross-sectional area, and then reduces the heat energy, controls the temperature rise to achieve the purpose of heat protection, but along with the extension of the working time of the heater, the temperature generated by the heating element 7 will still be transmitted to the cold end element 4, so that the temperature rise of the cold end element 4 further affects the extraction electrode 1. Therefore, further, the heater is further provided with a heat insulation sheet 2, the heat insulation sheet 2 is located between the leading-out electrode 1 and the first cold end 41 and between the leading-out electrode 1 and the second cold end 42, in this embodiment, the heat insulation sheet 2 is a cylinder with a certain thickness as a whole, the circular surface is only provided with two holes for the fixed end 11 of the leading-out electrode 1 to pass through, and further tissue heat of the heat insulation sheet 2 is radiated outwards.
As a further improvement of this embodiment, the heater further includes an upper connecting sheet 3 and a lower connecting sheet 5 which are used for relatively fixedly connecting the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42, in this embodiment, the upper connecting sheet 3 and the lower connecting sheet 5 may be circular or rectangular, and are in screw connection with the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42, and the upper connecting sheet 3 and the lower connecting sheet 5 are arranged to relatively fix the two cold ends at a position and are not in contact with each other, so the upper connecting sheet 3 and the lower connecting sheet 5 are made of silicon nitride, aluminum oxide or boron nitride, and both of them have good insulation and strong mechanical strength, and for example, silicon nitride is a high-performance electrical insulating material, and also has other performances such as high temperature resistance, and the temperature difference between the high temperature and sudden change generated during the switching of the working state of the heater will not damage the upper connecting sheet 3 and the lower connecting sheet 5, thereby further improving the service life of the heater.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A heater is characterized by comprising an extraction electrode, a heating element, a cold end element, a limiting sleeve and a protective tube;
a fixed end extends from each of the leading-out electrodes;
one end of the cold end element is connected with the fixed end of the leading-out electrode, and the other end of the cold end element is connected with the heating element;
the other end of the heating element is connected with a limiting sleeve;
the heating element is made of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon material;
the protection tube comprises an outer protection tube and a temperature measuring thermocouple tube;
a first cold end, a second cold end, a heating element and a limiting sleeve are arranged in the outer protection tube, and the temperature measuring thermocouple tube is arranged between the first cold end and the second cold end;
the limiting sleeve is positioned at the bottom of the outer protection tube;
a groove is formed in the upper surface of the limiting sleeve, and the bottom of the temperature measuring thermocouple tube abuts against the groove.
2. The heater of claim 1, wherein said extraction electrodes have two and respectively extend to a fixed end;
the cold end element consists of a first cold end and a second cold end, the fixed end of one extraction electrode is connected with the first cold end, the fixed end of the other extraction electrode is connected with the second cold end, and the first cold end and the second cold end are not contacted with each other;
two heating elements are provided, one end of one heating element is connected with the first cold end, and one end of the other heating element is connected with the second cold end;
the other end of the heating element is connected with the limiting sleeve.
3. The heater of claim 2, wherein the thermometric thermocouple tube and the outer protective tube are made of silicon nitride ceramic.
4. The heater of claim 3, wherein the inner space of the outer protection tube contains a powder filler having insulation, heat dissipation and heat transfer properties.
5. The heater of claim 4, wherein the filler powder is a powdered boron nitride ceramic, silicon nitride ceramic, or alumina.
6. The heater of claim 3, wherein the internal environment of the outer protective tube is a vacuum.
7. The heater of claim 1, wherein the stop collar is made of graphite, carbon or carbon fiber material.
8. The heater of claim 2 further comprising a thermal shield between said extraction electrode and said first cold end and between said extraction electrode and said second cold end.
9. The heater of claim 1, further comprising an upper connection tab and a lower connection tab;
the upper connecting sheet and the lower connecting sheet are made of boron nitride, silicon nitride or aluminum oxide;
the upper connecting sheet and the lower connecting sheet are used for relatively and fixedly connecting the first cold end and the second cold end;
the first and second cold ends are not in contact with each other.
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| CN201610547908.3A CN105960033B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | Heating device |
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| CN201610547908.3A CN105960033B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | Heating device |
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| CN107127953A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-05 | 徐石交 | Rotation heating major axis |
| CN107135556A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-05 | 徐石交 | Rotation heating short axle |
| CN111031615A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-17 | 衡阳凯新特种材料科技有限公司 | Silicon nitride industrial heating rod |
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| CN102256396A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-11-23 | 博睿思科技(大连)有限公司 | Carbon fiber heating tube |
| CN203801092U (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-08-27 | 济南海德热工有限公司 | Immersion heater |
| CN205883609U (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2017-01-11 | 北京中兴实强陶瓷轴承有限公司 | Heater |
-
2016
- 2016-07-12 CN CN201610547908.3A patent/CN105960033B/en active Active
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