CN113693170A - Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and pig feed - Google Patents
Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and pig feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and a pig feed. The functional slurry is added into the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive, so that the pig feed added with the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive has good antibacterial property, helps pigs regulate intestinal health, promotes absorption of nutrient substances, helps pig organism health, and promotes fattening and weight increment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed additives, in particular to a Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and a pig feed.
Background
China is a country with large pig production and consumption, the scale of the pig raising industry is increasingly enlarged, and the spread of pig diseases is relatively common. The damage of various pestilences to live pigs still exists from high fever, blue ear disease, streptococcosis, gastrointestinal plague to African swine fever, and the economic loss caused each year is very large. The Chinese herbal medicines are increasingly applied to the field of feed due to pure nature, no residue, wide medicine sources, small toxic and side effects, high safety and the like, and the medicine effect of the Chinese herbal medicines is mainly reflected by the synergistic effect of compatible Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, so that the Chinese herbal medicine feed with different formulas, dosage or using methods can bring different breeding effects.
The feed additive has the functions of improving the nutrition of the feed, improving the utilization rate of the feed, promoting the growth of animals, preventing diseases, reducing the loss of nutrient substances during the storage of the feed and the like. The feed additive is an indispensable part in the feed. The pig feed additive has various types, and is an additive for supplementing nutrients, such as amino acid, inorganic salt trace elements, vitamins and the like; there are non-nutritive additives such as growth promoter, antioxidant and mildew preventive for improving animal health, promoting animal growth or meeting special requirements of feed processing. In addition, a medicinal feed product for preventing and treating diseases is added into the feed, and is called a feed medicinal additive.
The Chinese invention patent CN 111597960A discloses a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive and a pig feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive is prepared by mixing Chinese herbal medicine raw materials and trace elements. The Chinese herbal medicine pig feed is obtained by adding the additives according to the amount of 0.5 percent of the conventional piglet feed, 1 percent of the piglet feed, 1.5 to 2 percent of the middle and big pig feed and 0.5 percent of the lactating sow feed. The Chinese herbal medicine additive can prevent all climates and people from harming various pestilences of Chinese domestic pigs, simultaneously widely increases the use of organic ecological fertilizer, and reduces the use amount of chemical fertilizer or does not use chemical fertilizer. The invention has wide medicine source, high quality, low price, long-acting effect, no antibiotic hormone, no side effect of damaging the growth of live pigs and various livestock and poultry, no residual virus bacteria in the bodies of the live pigs on the market, and the live pig meat is beneficial to the health of people and can prolong the life, thus becoming a health-care meat food. However, the antibacterial performance and the performance of promoting the growth and weight gain of pigs of the Chinese herbal medicine additive are still to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, 15-25 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 1-3 parts of functional slurry, 0.4-0.6 part of compound vitamin and 8-12 parts of water are uniformly mixed to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 4-6 parts by weight of mangnolia officinalis, 4-6 parts by weight of purslane, 3-5 parts by weight of dandelion, 2-4 parts by weight of plantain herb, 2-4 parts by weight of folium artemisiae argyi and 1-3 parts by weight of rhizoma atractylodis, crushing, sieving with a 60-100-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
The pig feed additive is added with compound Chinese herbal medicine components, and the mangnolia officinalis has the effects of promoting the circulation of qi and relieving asthma, and resolving food and eliminating phlegm; herba Portulacae has effects of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, removing toxic substance, relieving swelling, and relieving inflammation; herba Taraxaci is effective in promoting urination and relieving diarrhea; herba plantaginis has diuretic, heat clearing away, eyesight improving, and expectorant effects; the folium artemisiae argyi warms the channel to stop bleeding, dispels cold to stop pain; the rhizoma atractylodis has the effects of drying dampness and strengthening spleen, dispelling wind and cold, and various traditional Chinese medicines are added in a compound way, so that the physique of the pig can be enhanced, and the disease can be prevented and treated.
The preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing pine needles, crushing the pine needles by using a feed crusher, sieving the crushed pine needles by using a 70-90-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 40-60 parts by weight of pine needle powder, 8-12 parts by weight of egg white and 25-35 parts by weight of water, steaming the mixture for 15-25 minutes in an induction cooker with power of 700-900W, and naturally cooling the mixture to 25-35 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 4-6 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 8-12 parts by weight of oleoresin into 15-25 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at a rotating speed of 100-200 r/min for 25-35 minutes, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with power of 80-120W and frequency of 20-30 kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) according to the weight parts, 0.8-1.2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, 70-90 parts of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 15-25 parts of the mixed liquid B obtained in the step (2) are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is fermented for 20-28 hours at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ to obtain the functional slurry.
Preferably, the preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing pine needles, crushing the pine needles by using a feed crusher, sieving the crushed pine needles by using a 70-90-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 40-60 parts by weight of pine needle powder, 8-12 parts by weight of egg white and 25-35 parts by weight of water, steaming the mixture for 15-25 minutes in an induction cooker with power of 700-900W, and naturally cooling the mixture to 25-35 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 4-6 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 8-12 parts by weight of oleoresin into 15-25 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at a rotating speed of 100-200 r/min for 25-35 minutes, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with power of 80-120W and frequency of 20-30 kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) according to the weight parts, 1-3 parts of organic acid, 0.8-1.2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, 70-90 parts of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 15-25 parts of the mixed solution B obtained in the step (2) are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is fermented at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 20-28 hours to obtain the functional slurry.
The preparation method of the oleoresin comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and airing black pepper, and grinding the black pepper by using a grinder and sieving the black pepper by using a 150-250-mesh sieve to obtain black pepper powder;
s2, uniformly mixing 40-60 parts by weight of the black pepper powder obtained in the step S1 with 80-120 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at a rotating speed of 400-600 r/min for 1-3 hours, and filtering to obtain a filtrate to obtain a mixed extracting solution A;
s3, transferring the mixed extracting solution A obtained in the step S2 into a reduced pressure distillation kettle for distillation for 2 hours, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure distillation kettle is 0.05-0.07 MPa, the distillation temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the temperature of condensed water is 15-25 ℃, so that an oil-water mixture B is obtained;
and S4, separating the oil-water mixture B obtained in the step S3 to obtain an upper layer which is oleoresin.
The oleoresin is added into pig feed, can help the growth of villi in intestinal tracts, increase the length of endoplasmic reticulum microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells, and simultaneously induce the synthesis of protein related to the function of a cell scaffold, so that the absorption area of small intestines is increased, and the substances are assisted to effectively permeate epithelial cell barriers. Helping the digestion of the pigs, promoting the absorption of nutrient components and helping the fattening and weight increment of the pigs.
The organic acid is at least one of fumaric acid, oleanolic acid, aspartic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, caffeic acid and benzoic acid. Preferably, the organic acid is a mixture of fumaric acid and oleanolic acid in a mass ratio of 1 (1.5-2.0).
The pine needles are ground and crushed, are steamed with egg white into slurry, serve as a carrier and load modified oleoresin, so that active ingredients can be well stored, and the pine needles serving as feed have rich vitamins and minerals, are ground and added into the feed to feed pigs, so that the pigs not only can quickly gain weight, but also can save the feed, and also have the effects of enhancing the physique of the pigs and preventing diseases.
Piperine has the chemical structural characteristics of a pharmacophore and has a hydrogen bond acceptor; oxygen and nitrogen in peptide bonds are both hydrogen bond donors, the hydrogen bond donors and receptors are combined to form covalent bonds due to the difference of electronegativity of the piperine and the peptide bonds, so that the piperine and the antibacterial peptide are firmly combined together, the piperine is modified by the antibacterial peptide, the polypeptide content of the piperine is firstly increased, the polypeptide nutrient content which is easy to absorb by an organism is increased, meanwhile, the antibacterial performance of the piperine is increased, the pig intestinal tract immune regulation function is helped, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects are realized, and the occurrence of a series of comprehensive diseases caused by bacterial infection is inhibited.
The organic acid dissociates protons and acid radical ions, and the acid radical ions can inhibit the transmission of pathogenic bacteria genetic information, permeabilize the outer membrane of bacteria, and destroy the intracellular osmotic pressure balance, thereby helping the antibacterial peptide modified oleoresin to perform the bactericidal action. The fumaric acid is a good sour agent and an antioxidant auxiliary agent, has pure acidity and taste, and has obvious effects of bacteriostasis and corrosion prevention; oleanolic acid is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, can protect liver and reduce enzyme, treat diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, acute tonsillitis, gingivitis, dysentery and the like, and has remarkable effects of resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation. The fumaric acid and the oleanolic acid are synergistically acted to improve the intestinal environment of animals to enable the intestinal environment to be in a slightly acidic state, create a suitable living environment for beneficial bacteria, inhibit invasion and reproduction of harmful bacteria, and reduce the occurrence probability of diseases such as animal diarrhea.
The invention also discloses a pig feed containing the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof.
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 30-50 parts of corn flour, 30-50 parts of sorghum flour, 15-25 parts of bran, 8-12 parts of fish meal, 4-6 parts of Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and 20-40 parts of water in parts by weight, and granulating by using a granulator to obtain the pig feed, wherein the pig feed is spherical in shape and has the particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof, and the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive has the functions of resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation, regulating intestinal immunity, promoting intestinal villus growth, increasing small intestine absorption area, promoting pig digestion, promoting nutrient absorption and helping pig fattening and weight gain. The oleoresin and the antibacterial peptide are combined with a hydrogen bond donor and an acceptor to form a covalent bond through the difference of electronegativity, so that the antibacterial peptide and the piperine are firmly combined together, the piperine is modified, the antibacterial performance of the piperine is enhanced, the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial peptide is assisted by the compounding of the fumaric acid and the oleanolic acid, a meta-acid environment is provided for intestinal tracts, the health of the intestinal tracts is improved, and the invasion and reproduction of harmful bacteria are inhibited. The pig feed added with the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive has good antibacterial property, helps pigs regulate intestinal health, promotes absorption of nutrient substances, helps pig organism health, and promotes fattening and weight increment.
Detailed Description
The raw materials used in the examples were as follows:
corn flour, purchased from sierra, bioengineering, ltd, cat #: REL 0941.
Sorghum flour, purchased from mingwang food ltd.
Wheat bran, purchased from kyushu chemical limited, shandong, cat # o: 781-23578.
Fish meal, purchased from Ministry of agricultural feeds in Yuzhou district, Yulin.
Magnolia officinalis, Latin scientific name: magnlia of ficina rehd.et wils, belonging to magnoliaceae, has the effects of resolving dampness and removing stagnancy, promoting qi circulation and relieving asthma, resolving food and eliminating phlegm, and dispelling pathogenic wind and easing pain, and is purchased from hundred million hong tang pharmaceutical industries, ltd.
Purslane, latin scientific name: portulaca oleracea L, belonging to annual herb of Caryophyllales, Portulacaceae, the whole herb is used for medicine, has the effects of clearing heat and promoting diuresis, detoxifying and diminishing swelling, diminishing inflammation, quenching thirst and promoting urination, and is purchased from Yihongtang pharmaceutical industry Co., Ltd.
Dandelion, latin scientific name: taraxacum mongolicum hand-Mazz, belonging to Compositae, contains various health nutritional components such as taraxanol, taraxacin, choline, organic acid, inulin, etc. Sweet in nature and taste, slightly bitter and cold. It enters liver and stomach meridians. Has the effects of promoting urination, relieving diarrhea, eliminating jaundice, benefiting gallbladder, etc., and is purchased from Yi Hongtong pharmaceutical industry Co Ltd.
Plantain, Latin school name: plantago depressa willd, whole plant of planche, sweet in taste and cold in nature. Has the effects of promoting urination, clearing heat, improving eyesight and eliminating phlegm, and is purchased from Yi Hongtong pharmaceutical industry Co Ltd in Hao Zhou city.
Folium artemisiae argyi, Latin scientific name: artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant, belonging to Compositae family, for warming channels to stop bleeding, dispelling cold to relieve pain; it is used externally to eliminate dampness and relieve itching, and is purchased from the pharmaceutical company of Yihongtang, Hao Zhou.
Rhizoma atractylodis, Latin school name: atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) dc, belonging to compositae, has the effects of eliminating dampness, strengthening spleen, dispelling wind and cold, improving eyesight, and is purchased from a billion hong tang pharmaceutical industry limited company in hauo zhou city.
Lactobacillus paracasei, name of latin: lactobacillus paracasei, cic 20262, effective bacterial activity: 1000 hundred million CFU/g, provided by China center for culture Collection of Industrial microorganisms.
Pine needles, purchased from south-screen alpine agricultural products limited, variety: and (4) masson pine.
Antimicrobial peptides, purchased from Shandong Bao lai to bioengineered GmbH, brand: baolaili, item number: TYK 01.
Black pepper, Latin school name: pip nigrum l, purchased from billion hong tang pharmaceutical ltd.
Fumaric acid, purchased from Shanxi brocade pharmaceutic adjuvants, Inc., CAS number: 110-17-8, model: CP2020, content: 99 percent.
Oleanolic acid, purchased from sienna weizhen biotechnology limited, CAS No.: 208-081-6. The model is as follows: food grade, content: 95 percent.
Vitamin complex, purchased from the Ministry of Qi-movement-protective-menstruation, Huizi-province, Zhengzhou city, brand: vitamin A40000000IU, vitamin B68000 mg, vitamin D38500000IU, vitamin B12100 mg, vitamin K5000 mg, folic acid 4000mg, vitamin E80000 mg, nicotinamide 10000mg, vitamin B18000 mg, calcium pantothenate 50000mg, vitamin B220000 mg and biotin 500 mg.
Example 1
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 20 portions of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 2 portions of functional slurry, 0.5 portion of compound vitamin and 10 portions of water are evenly mixed to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 5 parts of purslane, 4 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of plantain herb, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis in parts by weight, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
The preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning pine needles, airing, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 50 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of egg white and 30 parts of water in parts by weight, steaming the mixture in boiling water for 20 minutes, and naturally cooling the mixture to 30 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 10 parts by weight of oleoresin into 20 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 30 minutes at a rotating speed of 150r/min, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with the power of 100W and the frequency of 25kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing 1 part of lactobacillus paracasei, 80 parts of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 20 parts of the mixed solution B obtained in the step (2) in parts by weight, and fermenting at 30 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the functional slurry.
The preparation method of the oleoresin comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and airing black pepper, and crushing and sieving the black pepper with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain black pepper powder;
s2, mixing 50 parts by weight of the black pepper powder obtained in the step S1 and 100 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol uniformly, stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, and taking filtrate to obtain a mixed extracting solution A;
s3, transferring the mixed extracting solution A obtained in the step S2 into a reduced pressure distillation kettle for distillation for 2 hours, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure distillation kettle is 0.06MPa, the distillation temperature is 60 ℃, the temperature of condensed water is 20 ℃, and the distillation time is 2 hours, so that a mixed solution B is obtained;
and S4, separating the mixed solution B obtained in the step S3 to obtain an upper layer, namely the oleoresin.
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, 40 parts of corn flour, 40 parts of sorghum flour, 20 parts of bran, 10 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and 30 parts of water are uniformly mixed, and are granulated by a granulator to obtain the pig feed, wherein the particle size of the pig feed is 0.6 cm.
Example 2
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 20 portions of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 2 portions of functional slurry, 0.5 portion of compound vitamin and 10 portions of water are evenly mixed to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 5 parts of purslane, 4 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of plantain herb, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis in parts by weight, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
The preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning pine needles, airing, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 50 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of egg white and 30 parts of water in parts by weight, steaming the mixture in boiling water for 20 minutes, and naturally cooling the mixture to 30 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 5 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 10 parts by weight of oleoresin into 20 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 30 minutes at a rotating speed of 150r/min, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with the power of 100W and the frequency of 25kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing 1 part of lactobacillus paracasei, 80 parts of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 20 parts of the mixed solution B obtained in the step (2) in parts by weight, and fermenting at 30 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the functional slurry.
The preparation method of the oleoresin comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and airing black pepper, crushing and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain black pepper powder;
s2, mixing 50 parts by weight of the black pepper powder obtained in the step S1 and 100 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol uniformly, stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, and taking filtrate to obtain a mixed extracting solution A;
s3, transferring the mixed extracting solution A obtained in the step S2 into a reduced pressure distillation kettle for distillation for 2 hours, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure distillation kettle is 0.06MPa, the distillation temperature is 60 ℃, the temperature of condensed water is 20 ℃, and the distillation time is 2 hours, so that a mixed solution B is obtained;
and S4, separating the mixed solution B obtained in the step S3 to obtain an upper layer, namely the oleoresin.
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps:
according to the weight parts, 40 parts of corn flour, 40 parts of sorghum flour, 20 parts of bran, 10 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and 30 parts of water are uniformly mixed, and are granulated by a granulator to obtain the pig feed, wherein the particle size of the pig feed is 0.6 cm.
Example 3
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 20 portions of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 2 portions of functional slurry, 0.5 portion of compound vitamin and 10 portions of water are evenly mixed to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing 5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 5 parts of purslane, 4 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of plantain herb, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis in parts by weight, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
The preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning pine needles, airing, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 50 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of egg white and 30 parts of water in parts by weight, steaming the mixture in boiling water for 20 minutes, and naturally cooling the mixture to 30 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 5 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 10 parts by weight of oleoresin into 20 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 30 minutes at a rotating speed of 150r/min, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with the power of 100W and the frequency of 25kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) according to the weight portion, 2 portions of organic acid, 1 portion of lactobacillus paracasei, 80 portions of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 20 portions of the mixed solution B obtained in the step (2) are uniformly mixed and fermented for 24 hours at 30 ℃ to obtain the functional slurry.
The preparation method of the oleoresin comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and airing black pepper, crushing and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain black pepper powder;
s2, mixing 50 parts by weight of the black pepper powder obtained in the step S1 with 100 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol uniformly, stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, and filtering to obtain filtrate to obtain a mixed extracting solution A;
s3, transferring the mixed extracting solution A obtained in the step S2 into a reduced pressure distillation kettle for distillation for 2 hours, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure distillation kettle is 0.06MPa, the distillation temperature is 60 ℃, the temperature of condensed water is 20 ℃, and the distillation time is 2 hours, so that a mixed solution B is obtained;
and S4, separating the mixed solution B obtained in the step S3 to obtain an upper layer, namely the oleoresin.
The organic acid is fumaric acid.
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, 40 parts of corn flour, 40 parts of sorghum flour, 20 parts of bran, 10 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and 30 parts of water are uniformly mixed, and are granulated by a granulator to obtain the pig feed, wherein the particle size of the pig feed is 0.6 cm.
Example 4
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 20 portions of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 2 portions of functional slurry, 0.5 portion of compound vitamin and 10 portions of water are evenly mixed to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 5 parts of purslane, 4 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of plantain herb, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis in parts by weight, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
The preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning pine needles, airing, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 50 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of egg white and 30 parts of water in parts by weight, steaming the mixture in boiling water for 20 minutes, and naturally cooling the mixture to 30 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 5 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 10 parts by weight of oleoresin into 20 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 30 minutes at a rotating speed of 150r/min, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with the power of 100W and the frequency of 25kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) according to the weight portion, 2 portions of organic acid, 1 portion of lactobacillus paracasei, 80 portions of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 20 portions of the mixed solution B obtained in the step (2) are uniformly mixed and fermented for 24 hours at 30 ℃ to obtain the functional slurry.
The preparation method of the oleoresin comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and airing black pepper, crushing and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain black pepper powder;
s2, mixing 50 parts by weight of the black pepper powder obtained in the step S1 and 100 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol uniformly, stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, and taking filtrate to obtain a mixed extracting solution A;
s3, transferring the mixed extracting solution A obtained in the step S2 into a reduced pressure distillation kettle for distillation for 2 hours, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure distillation kettle is 0.06MPa, the distillation temperature is 60 ℃, the temperature of condensed water is 20 ℃, and the distillation time is 2 hours, so that a mixed solution B is obtained;
and S4, separating the mixed solution B obtained in the step S3 to obtain an upper layer, namely the oleoresin.
The organic acid is oleanolic acid.
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, 40 parts of corn flour, 40 parts of sorghum flour, 20 parts of bran, 10 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and 30 parts of water are uniformly mixed, and are granulated by a granulator to obtain the pig feed, wherein the particle size of the pig feed is 0.6 cm.
Example 5
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 20 portions of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 2 portions of functional slurry, 0.5 portion of compound vitamin and 10 portions of water are evenly mixed to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 5 parts of purslane, 4 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of plantain herb, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis in parts by weight, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
The preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning pine needles, airing, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 50 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of egg white and 30 parts of water in parts by weight, steaming the mixture in boiling water for 20 minutes, and naturally cooling the mixture to 30 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 5 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 10 parts by weight of oleoresin into 20 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 30 minutes at a rotating speed of 150r/min, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with the power of 100W and the frequency of 25kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) according to the weight portion, 2 portions of organic acid, 1 portion of lactobacillus paracasei, 80 portions of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 20 portions of the mixed solution B obtained in the step (2) are uniformly mixed and fermented for 24 hours at 30 ℃ to obtain the functional slurry.
The preparation method of the oleoresin comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and airing black pepper, and crushing and sieving the black pepper with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain black pepper powder;
s2, mixing 50 parts by weight of the black pepper powder obtained in the step S1 and 100 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol uniformly, stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, and taking filtrate to obtain a mixed extracting solution A;
s3, transferring the mixed extracting solution A obtained in the step S2 into a reduced pressure distillation kettle for distillation for 2 hours, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure distillation kettle is 0.06MPa, the distillation temperature is 60 ℃, and the temperature of condensed water is 20 ℃, so that mixed solution B is obtained;
and S4, separating the mixed solution B obtained in the step S3 to obtain an upper layer, namely the oleoresin.
The organic acid is a mixture of fumaric acid and oleanolic acid in a mass ratio of 1: 1.6.
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, 40 parts of corn flour, 40 parts of sorghum flour, 20 parts of bran, 10 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and 30 parts of water are uniformly mixed, and are granulated by a granulator to obtain the pig feed, wherein the particle size of the pig feed is 0.6 cm.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 20 portions of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 2 portions of functional slurry, 0.5 portion of compound vitamin and 10 portions of water are evenly mixed to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 5 parts of purslane, 4 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of plantain herb, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis in parts by weight, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
The preparation method of the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning pine needles, airing, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 50 parts of pine needle powder, 10 parts of egg white and 30 parts of water in parts by weight, steaming the mixture in boiling water for 20 minutes, and naturally cooling the mixture to 30 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) uniformly mixing 1 part of lactobacillus paracasei, 20 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 80 parts of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) in parts by weight, and fermenting at 30 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain functional slurry.
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, 40 parts of corn flour, 40 parts of sorghum flour, 20 parts of bran, 10 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and 30 parts of water are uniformly mixed, and are granulated by a granulator to obtain the pig feed, wherein the particle size of the pig feed is 0.6 cm.
Test example 1
The pig feed in the examples and the comparative examples is tested for the content of hygienic indexes; the test standard refers to GB/T13093-2006 determination of total number of bacteria in feed for carrying out the total number of colonies test;
the test standard refers to GB/T18869 and 2019 'determination of Escherichia coli in feed' to test the content of Escherichia coli;
the content of the salmonella is tested according to the test standard GB/T13091-2018 'determination of the salmonella in the feed';
the test standard refers to GB/T8381.2-2005 Shigella detection method in feed to carry out Shigella content test, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: hygiene index content test
As can be seen from comparative example 1 and example 1, in the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive, after the functional slurry is added with the oleoresin, the content of harmful microorganisms is obviously reduced, which shows that the oleoresin has a certain effect on antibiosis; in the embodiment 2, the antibacterial peptide is used for modifying the oleoresin, so that the antibacterial performance is greatly improved; examples 3-5 in comparison, fumaric acid has significant efficacy for bacteriostasis and preservation; oleanolic acid is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, can protect liver and reduce enzyme, treat diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, acute tonsillitis, gingivitis, dysentery and the like, and has remarkable effects of resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation; the fumaric acid and the oleanolic acid are compounded, and dissociated acid radical ions can inhibit the transmission of pathogen genetic information, permeabilize the outer membrane of bacteria and destroy the intracellular osmotic pressure balance, thereby helping the antibacterial peptide modified oleoresin to perform the bactericidal action.
Test example 2
3000 healthy pigs with the weight of 50kg are selected, wherein 1500 boars and 1500 sows are divided into 6 groups, 500 boars are arranged in each group, each boar and sow account for half, the pig feeds prepared by the embodiment and the comparative example are respectively used for feeding, the test period is 2 months, the weight of the pigs is weighed by maintaining the uniform time every day, after the 2-month feeding test is finished, the weight of the pigs is weighed, the average value is taken, the survival rate of the pigs is counted, and the specific test result is shown in table 2.
Table 2: piglet weight gain and survival rate test
Compared with the comparative example 1 and the example 1, the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive has the advantages that the oleoresin is added into the functional slurry, so that the growth of villi in intestinal tracts can be helped, the length of endoplasmic reticulum microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells is increased, and meanwhile, the protein synthesis related to the function of a cell scaffold is induced, so that the absorption area of small intestines is increased, the digestion of pigs is helped, the absorption of nutrient components is promoted, the fattening and weight increment of the pigs are helped, and the feeding condition, the average daily weight increment and the survival rate are promoted to a certain extent; example 2 the antibacterial peptide is used for modifying the oleoresin, and meanwhile, the antibacterial performance of the oleoresin is increased, the pig intestinal immunoregulation function is facilitated, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects are achieved, and the occurrence of a series of comprehensive diseases caused by bacterial infection is inhibited; by comparing examples 3-5, the feeding and survival rate of example 5 is significantly better than that of examples 3-4. The possible reasons for this are: the fumaric acid is a good sour agent and an antioxidant auxiliary agent, has pure acidity and taste, and has obvious effects of bacteriostasis and corrosion prevention; oleanolic acid is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, can protect liver and reduce enzyme, treat diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, acute tonsillitis, gingivitis, dysentery and the like, and has remarkable effects of resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation; the oleanolic acid and the fumaric acid are compounded, so that the intestinal environment of animals can be improved and is in a slightly acidic state, a suitable living environment is created for beneficial bacteria, invasion and reproduction of harmful bacteria are inhibited, the occurrence probability of diseases such as animal diarrhea and the like is reduced, the survival rate of pigs is increased, the eating is promoted, and the weight gain is facilitated.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive is characterized by comprising the following steps: and uniformly mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder, the functional slurry, the compound vitamin and water to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive.
2. The method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing pine needles, crushing the pine needles by using a feed crusher, sieving the crushed pine needles by using a 70-90-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 40-60 parts by weight of pine needle powder, 8-12 parts by weight of egg white and 25-35 parts by weight of water, steaming the mixture for 15-25 minutes in an induction cooker with power of 700-900W, and naturally cooling the mixture to 25-35 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 4-6 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 8-12 parts by weight of oleoresin into 15-25 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at a rotating speed of 100-200 r/min for 25-35 minutes, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with power of 80-120W and frequency of 20-30 kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) according to the weight parts, 0.8-1.2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, 70-90 parts of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 15-25 parts of the mixed liquid B obtained in the step (2) are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is fermented for 20-28 hours at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ to obtain the functional slurry.
3. The method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the functional slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing pine needles, crushing the pine needles by using a feed crusher, sieving the crushed pine needles by using a 70-90-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain pine needle powder; uniformly mixing 40-60 parts by weight of pine needle powder, 8-12 parts by weight of egg white and 25-35 parts by weight of water, steaming the mixture for 15-25 minutes in an induction cooker with power of 700-900W, and naturally cooling the mixture to 25-35 ℃ to obtain slurry A;
(2) adding 4-6 parts by weight of antibacterial peptide and 8-12 parts by weight of oleoresin into 15-25 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at a rotating speed of 100-200 r/min for 25-35 minutes, then transferring to an ultrasonic instrument with power of 80-120W and frequency of 20-30 kHz, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours to obtain a mixed solution B;
(3) according to the weight parts, 1-3 parts of organic acid, 0.8-1.2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, 70-90 parts of the slurry A obtained in the step (1) and 15-25 parts of the mixed solution B obtained in the step (2) are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is fermented at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 20-28 hours to obtain the functional slurry.
4. The method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the method for preparing the oleoresin comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and airing black pepper, and grinding the black pepper by using a grinder and sieving the black pepper by using a 150-250-mesh sieve to obtain black pepper powder;
s2, uniformly mixing 40-60 parts by weight of the black pepper powder obtained in the step S1 with 80-120 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at a rotating speed of 400-600 r/min for 1-3 hours, and filtering to obtain a filtrate to obtain a mixed extracting solution A;
s3, transferring the mixed extracting solution A obtained in the step S2 into a reduced pressure distillation kettle for distillation for 1 hour, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure distillation kettle is 0.05-0.07 MPa, the distillation temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the temperature of condensed water is 15-25 ℃, so that an oil-water mixture B is obtained;
and S4, separating the oil-water mixture B obtained in the step S3 to obtain an upper layer which is oleoresin.
5. The method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive according to claim 3, wherein the organic acid is at least one of fumaric acid, oleanolic acid, aspartic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, caffeic acid, and benzoic acid.
6. The method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 4-6 parts by weight of mangnolia officinalis, 4-6 parts by weight of purslane, 3-5 parts by weight of dandelion, 2-4 parts by weight of plantain herb, 2-4 parts by weight of folium artemisiae argyi and 1-3 parts by weight of rhizoma atractylodis, crushing, sieving with a 60-100-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder.
7. The Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.
8. A method for preparing pig feed, which is characterized in that corn flour, sorghum flour, bran, fish meal, the Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive of claim 7 and water are uniformly mixed, and a granulator is used for granulation to obtain the pig feed.
9. A pig feed prepared by the method of preparing a pig feed according to claim 8.
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