CN107647175B - Duck compound feed for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks as well as preparation method and application of duck compound feed - Google Patents
Duck compound feed for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks as well as preparation method and application of duck compound feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound feed for ducks for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks, which not only meets the nutritional requirements of the meat ducks, but also can effectively prevent the leg diseases of the meat ducks in the growing period caused by bacterial infection and viral diseases, has no antibiotic residue and is convenient to use. The compound feed for ducks is prepared from the following compound feed raw materials in parts by weight: corn, soybean meal, flour, rice bran, corn wheat middling, stone powder, meat and bone meal, calcium hydrophosphate, a special premix for meat ducks and a traditional Chinese medicine premix. The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks. The compound feed disclosed by the invention is scientific in formula, reasonable in proportion and capable of achieving synergistic effect of multiple components. The preparation method of the invention has simple process and simple and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry feeding, and particularly relates to a compound feed for ducks for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Leg diseases of meat ducks are a common disease in duck farms. Its causes are complex and various, and there are secondary infection of disease, unbalanced nutrition, improper feeding management, etc. The sick ducks are difficult to drink and eat, so that the constitution is gradually thinned, the egg yield is reduced, and the death rate is increased. Bringing certain economic loss to farmers.
In the prior art, antibiotics are selected for treating duck leg diseases caused by bacteria infection. When the method is used for treatment, antibiotics in meat ducks are remained, and the quality of finished ducks is affected. In the prior art, a method for supplementing corresponding nutrient elements is adopted for duck leg diseases caused by unbalanced nutrition, the dosage of vitamin D, vitamin B2, choline, nicotinic acid and biotin is increased, the dosage of mineral elements such as calcium, phosphorus, selenium and manganese is increased, but no fixed proportion exists among vitamins, between mineral elements, between vitamins and mineral elements or the dosage ranges of the elements are different, so that the difference of use effects is large, a satisfactory degree is difficult to achieve, the waste and the cost increase in the feed production and utilization process are caused by excessive addition, the expected effect can be achieved by little feed use due to the synergy and antagonism among the elements, and a certain test is brought to the preparation and use effects of the premix. In the prior art, 1-2 ml of colloidal calcium is injected into muscles of ducks suffering from leg diseases continuously for 2-3 days, but in the treatment process, the ducks are often frightened, stepped and injured, missed, consume manpower and material resources, and further increase the breeding cost and reduce the breeding benefits.
Therefore, the compound feed for the ducks is provided, can meet the nutritional requirements of the meat ducks, can increase the body immunity of the meat ducks, effectively prevents the leg diseases of the meat ducks caused by bacterial infection and unbalanced nutrition, is convenient to use and low in breeding cost, and becomes a problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks, which not only meets the nutritional requirements of the meat ducks, but also can effectively prevent the leg diseases of the meat ducks in the growing period caused by bacterial infection and viral diseases, has no antibiotic residue and is convenient to use.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound feed for the ducks, which can prevent leg diseases of the meat ducks.
The invention also provides application of the compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46-66 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 6-15 parts of flour, 8-12 parts of rice washing bran, 6-12 parts of corn wheat middling, 1.0-2.0 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of meat and bone meal, 0.6-1.0 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.5 parts of a special premix for meat ducks and 0.05 part of a traditional Chinese medicine premix.
Further, the feed is prepared from the following mixed feed raw materials in parts by weight: 55.3 parts of corn, 18.4 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of flour, 80 parts of rice washing bran, 80 parts of corn shorts, 14 parts of stone powder, 6 parts of meat and bone meal, 7.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15 parts of special premix for meat ducks and 0.5 part of traditional Chinese medicine premix.
Further, the special premix for meat ducks is prepared from the following premix raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of baking soda, 234 parts of common salt, 332 parts of lysine, 123.8 parts of methionine, 57.3 parts of L-threonine, 100 parts of a vitamin premix and 92.9 parts of a trace element premix.
Further, the trace element premix comprises the following trace element premix raw materials in parts by weight: 6.6 parts of calcium iodate, 7 parts of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 11 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 8 parts of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.013 part of sodium selenite and 56.3 parts of bentonite.
Further, each kg of the vitamin premix comprises the following vitamin premix raw materials: 5000IU/kg of vitamin A, 20IU of vitamin E, 31000 IU of vitamin D, 31 mg of vitamin K31, 0.6mg of folic acid, 0.2mg of biotin, 26 mg of vitamin B, 14 mg of vitamin B, 60mg of calcium pantothenate, 60mg of nicotinic acid, 66.7g of choline, 6.6g of phytase and 26.5g of fine rice bran.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine premix is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 100-170 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 60-120 parts of achyranthes, 40-80 parts of white paeony root, 30-60 parts of liquorice, 20-50 parts of cassia twig, 50-100 parts of isatis root and 60-120 parts of garlic powder.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine premix is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 135 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 90 parts of achyranthes bidentata, 50 parts of radix paeoniae alba, 40 parts of liquorice, 35 parts of cassia twig, 75g of isatis root and 75 parts of garlic powder.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a duck compound feed for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a traditional Chinese medicine premix, respectively weighing superfine powder of the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
step 2: preparing a vitamin premix, weighing the raw materials of the vitamin premix according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
and step 3: preparing a trace element premix, respectively weighing the trace element premix raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
and 4, step 4: preparing a meat duck premix, respectively weighing the premix raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
and 5: preparing a compound feed, weighing the raw materials of the compound feed according to parts by weight, mixing uniformly, placing in a modulator for modulation, then granulating, cooling, packaging and bagging to obtain the compound feed.
Further, in the step 5, the corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone meal in the mixed feed raw materials are respectively filtered by a screen mesh with the diameter of 1.5-2.0 mm, then weighed and mixed, the mixed and evenly mixed feed raw materials are placed in a modulator for modulation for 3-5 minutes under the condition of water vapor with the temperature of 85-95 ℃, and then the mixed feed raw materials are prepared into particles under the condition of the temperature of 70-90 ℃.
The application of the compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks is suitable for the meat ducks with the age of not less than 7 days.
The rhizoma atractylodis is dried rhizome of atractylodes lancea atractylodes Lancea (Thunb.) DC. or atractylodes north Atractylodes chinensis Koidz. of Compositae.
The achyranthes root is a dry root of achyranthes bidentata B1. belonging to Amaranthaceae.
The white peony root is the dried root of Paeonialactallopall.
The licorice is the dried root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza inflixa fisch, Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat or Glycyrrhiza glabra L.
The cassia twig of the invention is a dry twig of cinnamomum cassia cassiaPresl of Lauraceae.
The radix isatidis is a dry root of a cruciferae plant Jiang lan Isatis indigotica fort.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the compound feed disclosed by the invention is scientific in formula, reasonable in proportion and convenient to use, and can effectively reduce the breeding cost, and the compound feed not only meets the nutritional requirements of meat ducks, but also can effectively prevent leg diseases of meat ducks in the breeding period caused by bacterial infection and viral diseases, and has no antibiotic residue. The preparation method of the invention has simple process and simple and convenient operation.
The compound feed disclosed by the invention influences the calcium and phosphorus metabolism of the meat ducks by strengthening the main nutrients of the meat ducks. The feed additive is properly optimized and reasonably matched with the addition proportion of trace elements and vitamins on the basis of nutritional requirements of meat ducks, has a synergistic effect of multiple components, is more scientific than the single use of one or more trace elements and vitamins, and can promote the growth of the meat ducks and prevent leg diseases in the growing period.
The traditional Chinese medicine premix is prepared from rhizoma atractylodis, achyranthes root, white paeony root, liquorice, cassia twig, isatis root and garlic powder. Rhizoma Atractylodis has effects of eliminating dampness, invigorating spleen, and dispelling pathogenic wind and dampness, and can be used for treating rheumatalgia and limb joint pain; achyranthes root has the functions of resisting inflammation, easing pain and promoting protein synthesis, is mainly used for treating soreness and pain of waist and knees and flaccidity of lower limbs, and has synergy with combination of rhizoma atractylodis; the white peony root has obvious effects of easing pain, relieving spasm, resisting inflammation and resisting ulcer; ramulus Cinnamomi has effects of dispelling cold, relieving exterior syndrome, and warming and dredging channels and collaterals, can be used for treating arthralgia and limb pain caused by wind, cold and dampness, and is often used for treating rheumarthritis; the liquorice has mild property and is used for harmonizing the drug property and eliminating the toxicity of the hundred grass; the radix Isatidis and Bulbus Allii powder have antibacterial, antiviral, toxic materials clearing away, and immunity enhancing effects. The compatibility of the traditional Chinese medicines can play roles of easing pain, resisting inflammation, strengthening bones and muscles and improving the immunity of the organism together, and effectively prevent the leg diseases of the meat ducks caused by staphylococcus, salmonella and viral diseases. Is prepared by adopting traditional Chinese medicine superfine powder, retains the active ingredients of the medicinal materials to the maximum extent, and is convenient for the absorption and utilization of the medicine.
The invention has simple process and convenient use, can not cause frightened ducks and treading injuries, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as being merely for the purpose of illustration and in no way limiting to the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a compound feed for ducks for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing the traditional Chinese medicine premix. Respectively micronizing rhizoma Atractylodis, Achyranthis radix, radix Paeoniae alba, Glycyrrhrizae radix, ramulus Cinnamomi, radix Isatidis and Bulbus Allii powder, and weighing each ultramicro component, wherein: 135g of rhizoma atractylodis, 90g of achyranthes bidentata, 50g of radix paeoniae alba, 40g of liquorice, 35g of cassia twig, 75g of radix isatidis and 75g of garlic powder are uniformly mixed in a micro-mixer for later use.
Step 2: and (3) preparing the vitamin premix. Weighing the raw materials of the vitamin premix according to the following mixture ratio per kg of the vitamin premix: 5000IU of vitamin A, 20IU of vitamin E, 31000 IU of vitamin D, 31 mg of vitamin K, 0.6mg of folic acid, 0.2mg of biotin, 26 mg of vitamin B, 14 mg of vitamin B, 60mg of calcium pantothenate, 60mg of nicotinic acid, 66.7g of choline, 6.6g of phytase and 26.5g of fine rice bran; and then mixing the components in a mixer for 150-200 seconds, and uniformly mixing for later use.
And step 3: preparing the trace element premix. Weighing the trace element premix raw materials per kg of the trace element premix according to the following mixture ratio: 6.6g of calcium iodate, 7g of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 11g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 4g of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 8g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 13mg of sodium selenite and 56.3g of bentonite; and then mixing the components in a mixer for 150-200 seconds, and uniformly mixing for later use.
And 4, step 4: preparing the meat duck premix. Weighing the premix raw materials according to the following mixture ratio per kg of meat duck premix: 60g of baking soda, 234g of salt, 332g of lysine, 123.8g of methionine, 57.3g of L-threonine, 100g of vitamin premix and 92.9g of trace element premix; and then mixing the components in a mixer for 150-200 seconds, and uniformly mixing for later use.
And 5: preparing the meat duck compound feed. Weighing the following raw materials of the compound feed by weight: 553kg of corn, 184kg of soybean meal, 60kg of flour, 80kg of rice washing bran, 80kg of corn shorts, 14kg of stone powder, 6kg of meat and bone meal, 7.5kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 15kg of special premix for meat ducks and 0.5kg of traditional Chinese medicine premix. The corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are firstly crushed, the corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are made to pass through a 2.0mm screen, and then the crushed raw materials and other raw materials are mixed in a mixer for 180 seconds to be uniform.
Concocting the uniformly mixed materials in a concocting device under 85 deg.C water vapor for 5 min, granulating the concocted materials at 70 deg.C, cooling the granulated feed, and packaging into bags.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a compound feed for ducks for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing the traditional Chinese medicine premix. Respectively micronizing rhizoma Atractylodis, Achyranthis radix, radix Paeoniae alba, Glycyrrhrizae radix, ramulus Cinnamomi, radix Isatidis and Bulbus Allii powder, and weighing each ultramicro component, wherein: 170g of rhizoma atractylodis, 60g of achyranthes bidentata, 40g of radix paeoniae alba, 30g of liquorice, 20g of cassia twig, 100g of radix isatidis and 60g of garlic powder are uniformly mixed in a micro-mixer for later use.
Step 2 to step 4: the same as in example 1.
And 5: preparing the meat duck compound feed. Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 471kg of corn, 166kg of soybean meal, 100kg of flour, 120kg of rice bran, 100kg of corn shorts, 14.7kg of stone powder, 6kg of meat and bone meal, 6.8kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 15kg of special premix for meat ducks and 0.5kg of traditional Chinese medicine premix. The corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are firstly crushed, the corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are made to pass through a 1.5mm screen mesh, and then the crushed materials are mixed with other raw materials in a mixer for 150 seconds to be uniform.
Concocting the uniformly mixed materials in a concocting device under 95 deg.C water vapor for 3 min, granulating the concocted raw materials at 90 deg.C, cooling the granulated feed, and packaging into bags.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a compound feed for ducks for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1 to step 4: the same as in example 1.
And 5: preparing the meat duck compound feed. Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 464kg of corn, 154kg of soybean meal, 130kg of flour, 150kg of rice bran, 60kg of corn shorts, 15kg of stone powder, 5.1kg of meat and bone meal, 6.4kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 15kg of special premix for meat ducks and 0.5kg of traditional Chinese medicine premix. The corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are firstly crushed, the corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are made to pass through a 1.5mm screen mesh, and then the crushed raw materials and other raw materials are mixed in a mixer for 200 seconds to be uniform.
Concocting the uniformly mixed materials in a concocting device under 90 deg.C water vapor for 5 min, granulating the concocted raw materials at 90 deg.C, cooling the granulated feed, and packaging into bags.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a compound feed for ducks for preventing leg diseases of meat ducks, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing the traditional Chinese medicine premix. Respectively micronizing rhizoma Atractylodis, Achyranthis radix, radix Paeoniae alba, Glycyrrhrizae radix, ramulus Cinnamomi, radix Isatidis and Bulbus Allii powder, and weighing each ultramicro component, wherein: 100g of rhizoma atractylodis, 120g of achyranthes bidentata, 80g of radix paeoniae alba, 60g of liquorice, 50g of cassia twig, 50g of radix isatidis and 120g of garlic powder are uniformly mixed in a micro-mixer for later use.
Step 2 to step 4: the same as in example 1.
And 5: preparing the meat duck compound feed. Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 458kg of corn, 145kg of soybean meal, 150kg of flour, 100kg of rice bran, 90kg of corn shorts, 20kg of stone powder, 11.5kg of meat and bone meal, 10kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 15kg of special premix for meat ducks and 0.5kg of traditional Chinese medicine premix. The corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are firstly crushed, the corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone powder are made to pass through a 1.5mm screen, and then the crushed component raw materials and other raw materials are mixed in a mixer for 180 seconds to be uniform.
Concocting the uniformly mixed materials in a concocting device under 85 deg.C water vapor for 3 min, granulating the concocted materials at 80 deg.C, cooling the granulated feed, and packaging into bags.
Example 5
This example is a comparative example.
In this example, compared with example 1, no Chinese herbal premix was added, and the other conditions were the same.
Example 6
The compound feeds for ducks prepared in examples 1 to 5 and the compound feeds available in the company were used for feeding tests. The formula of the existing meat duck compound feed in the market is as follows: 550kg of corn, 130kg of soybean meal, 120kg of rice bran, 110kg of brewer's grains, 60kg of flour and 30kg of special premix for meat ducks (special premix for meat ducks, namely, YRY02) for the company. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 nutritional composition of each test material
Grouping tests: meat ducks with age of 7 days and similar weight are selected. The test time is 28 days. The treatment is divided into 6 treatments according to a completely random principle, each treatment has 10 repetitions, and each repetition has 30.
Feeding management: the test is carried out in a company test base, a single layer and a single cage are adopted for feeding, every two cages form a group, 15 meat ducks are fed in each cage, and 1 water fountain and 1 special feed cylinder for the meat ducks are placed in each cage. The feed is fed twice a day, and the food is taken freely and the water is drunk freely. Strictly according to the immune program and the feeding management rules provided by meat duck breeding companies, and recording the occurrence and death quantity of leg diseases of meat ducks every day. At the end of the test, 2 meat ducks were randomly selected for each repetition, weighed, dissected, and examined for leg lesions.
TABLE 2 statistical table of test data of each group
| Group of | Item | Incidence of leg disease (%) | Death and culling rate of duck group (%) |
| Control group | Company existing compound feed | 2.38±0.19 | 6.52±0.6 |
| Test group 1 | Example 1 (inventive) | 0.31±0.15 | 1.27±0.1 |
| Test group 2 | Example 2 (inventive) | 0.40±0.23 | 1.35±0.3 |
| Test group 3 | Example 3 (inventive) | 0.35±0.15 | 1.43±0.7 |
| Test group 4 | Example 4 (inventive) | 0.51±0.11 | 1.82±0.5 |
| Test group 5 | Example 5 (comparative example) | 1.21±0.45 | 2.43±0.3 |
As can be seen from the table above, the feed for the ducks of the invention can obviously reduce the occurrence of leg diseases and reduce the death and elimination rate of duck groups.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of this invention, which is intended to be illustrative, not limiting; those skilled in the art will appreciate that many variations, modifications, and even equivalent variations are possible within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46-66 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 6-15 parts of flour, 8-12 parts of rice washing bran, 6-12 parts of corn shorts, 1.0-2.0 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of meat and bone meal, 0.6-1.0 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.5 parts of a special premix for meat ducks and 0.05 part of a traditional Chinese medicine premix;
the traditional Chinese medicine premix is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 135 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 90 parts of achyranthes bidentata, 50 parts of radix paeoniae alba, 40 parts of liquorice, 35 parts of cassia twig, 75 parts of radix isatidis and 75 parts of garlic powder;
the special premix for meat ducks is prepared from the following premix raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of baking soda, 234 parts of table salt, 332 parts of lysine, 123.8 parts of methionine, 57.3 parts of L-threonine, 100 parts of a vitamin premix and 92.9 parts of a trace element premix;
each kg of the vitamin premix comprises the following vitamin premix raw materials: vitamin A5000IU/kg, vitamin E20 IU, vitamin D31000 IU, vitamin K31 mg, folic acid 0.6mg, biotin 0.2mg, vitamin B26 mg, vitamin B14 mg, calcium pantothenate 60mg, nicotinic acid 60mg, choline 66.7g, phytase 6.6g and fine rice bran 26.5 g;
the trace element premix comprises the following trace element premix raw materials in parts by weight: 6.6 parts of calcium iodate, 7 parts of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 11 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 8 parts of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.013 part of sodium selenite and 56.3 parts of bentonite.
2. The compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks according to claim 1 is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55.3 parts of corn, 18.4 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of flour, 8 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of corn starch, 1.4 parts of stone powder, 0.6 part of meat and bone meal, 0.75 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.5 parts of special premix for meat ducks and 0.05 part of traditional Chinese medicine premix.
3. The method for preparing the compound feed for the ducks to prevent the leg diseases of the meat ducks according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a traditional Chinese medicine premix, respectively weighing superfine powder of the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
step 2: preparing a vitamin premix, weighing the raw materials of the vitamin premix according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
and step 3: preparing a trace element premix, respectively weighing the trace element premix raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
and 4, step 4: preparing a special premix for meat ducks, respectively weighing the premix raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing for later use;
and 5: preparing a compound feed, weighing the raw materials of the compound feed according to the parts by weight, mixing uniformly, placing in a modulator for modulation, then granulating, cooling, packaging and bagging to obtain the compound feed.
4. The preparation method of the compound feed for the ducks for preventing the leg diseases of the meat ducks according to claim 3, wherein in the step 5, the corn, the soybean meal and the meat and bone meal in the raw materials of the compound feed are respectively sieved by a sieve with the size of 1.5-2.0 mm, weighed and mixed, the uniformly mixed raw materials of the compound feed are put in a modulator for modulation for 3-5 minutes under the steam with the temperature of 85-95 ℃, and then are granulated under the temperature of 70-90 ℃.
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Effective date of registration: 20230518 Address after: 621100 Luxi Industrial Development Zone, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Tieqi Lishi Food Co.,Ltd. Address before: 621006 161, middle section of Fei Yun Road, Mianyang new and high tech Zone, Sichuan. Patentee before: SICHUAN TQLS INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. |