CN111743048A - Laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles and a preparation method thereof. Taking pine needle powder, vitis amurensis pomace, bran and brown sugar as fermentation substrates, inoculating a composite strain consisting of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and microzyme to obtain fermented pine needles, then crushing raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil, performing ultrasonic extraction with ethanol, concentrating, freeze-drying to obtain a mixture, and uniformly mixing the mixture with the fermented pine needle powder and bone meal to obtain the feed additive. The feed additive improves the immunity of chickens by adding pine needle powder, replaces antibiotics, is used for low-density scientific ecological organic free-ranging, and ensures the nutrition balance and the field feeding capability of the chickens. The feed additive is added into the feed according to the proportion of 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the feed, and is used for feeding laying hens, and laid pine needle eggs are safe, green, nutritional, healthy, good in egg color and sufficient in fragrance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the improvement of life quality, people have higher and higher requirements on eggs, and the eggs are required to have enough nutrition, safety, health and green. Generally, the chicken laying eggs are easily attacked by escherichia coli, so that the chicken needs to be fed with antibiotic cords regularly every month to prevent and control germs. Because the antibiotic can not be effectively degraded in the animal body, the antibiotic enters the egg, and antibiotic residue is formed.
The antibiotic-free pine needle egg breeding method is characterized in that pine needle powder is added to improve immunity of chickens in the feeding process, antibiotics are replaced, pine needles are added to feed laying hens, and the produced pine needle eggs are safe, green, nutritional and delicious. The pine needle eggs are rare full-value nutritional health food, rich in nutrition and excellent in taste. It is rich in protein, calcium, vitamin D and lecithin, and has low fat, low cholesterol, no antibiotic, hormone and pesticide residue. Therefore, the research on the feed additive containing the pine needles has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles and a preparation method thereof,
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of fermented pine needle, 5-7 parts of bone meal, 2-4 parts of raspberry, 1.5-2 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 1.5-2.5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 1-2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 1.5-2.5 parts of scutellaria baicalensis and 2-3 parts of basil.
The fermented pine needles are prepared by taking pine needle powder, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar as fermentation substrates and inoculating a composite strain for fermentation, wherein the composite strain consists of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes.
The preparation method of the laying hen feed additive based on the fermented pine needles comprises the following steps:
1) inoculating a composite strain to pine needles for fermentation to obtain fermented pine needles, wherein the fermentation takes pine needle powder, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar as fermentation substrates, and the composite strain consists of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes;
2) cleaning Rubi fructus, herba Gynostemmatis, cortex Magnolia officinalis, herba Houttuyniae, Scutellariae radix, and herba Ocimi, oven drying, pulverizing to obtain mixed powder, ultrasonic extracting with ethanol twice, mixing filtrates, concentrating, and freeze drying to obtain mixture;
3) uniformly mixing the fermented pine needles, the mixture obtained in the step 2) and the bone meal to obtain the laying hen feed additive.
Further, the step 1) is specifically as follows:
1-1) washing pine needles, steaming and boiling the pine needles in boiling water for 3-5min, then soaking the pine needles in a sodium hydroxide solution, and finally fishing out the pine needles, rinsing, drying and crushing the pine needles to obtain pine needle powder;
1-2) uniformly mixing pine needle meal, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar according to the mass ratio of 3: 2-2.5: 2-3: 1-1.1 to obtain a fermentation substrate, and then adding water into the fermentation substrate to obtain a fermentation substrate;
1-3) inoculating 2-3% of composite strains into the fermentation substrate, wherein the viable count of the trichoderma reesei, the bacillus subtilis and the microzyme in the composite strains is not less than 8 hundred million/g, 10 hundred million/g and more than 10 hundred million/g respectively;
1-4) putting the inoculated fermentation substrate into a special fermentation bag, fermenting for 48h at 28-32 ℃, and drying to obtain the fermented pine needles with the water content not higher than 12%.
In the step 1-1), the temperature of the sodium hydroxide solution is 40-48 ℃, the soaking time is 30-40min, and the rinsing is performed by sequentially rinsing with ethanol and clear water.
In the step 1-2), the water content of the fermentation substrate is 50-60%.
In the step 1-4), the water content of the fermented pine needles obtained by drying is not higher than 12%.
Further, the step 2) is specifically as follows: cleaning and drying raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil, then crushing, sieving with a 80-100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, soaking the mixed powder and ethanol in the ethanol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 10-15 for 30-60min, then performing ultrasonic extraction at 50-60 ℃ for 30-40min, filtering, collecting primary filtrate and filter residue, adding 10 times of ethanol by weight into the filter residue, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50-60 ℃ for 30-40min, filtering, collecting secondary filtrate, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, concentrating, and performing freeze drying to obtain a mixture.
The laying hen feed additive is added into a feed according to the proportion of 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the feed, and is used for feeding laying hens, and laid pine needle eggs are healthy and safe.
According to the technical scheme, pine needle powder, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar are used as fermentation substrates, a composite strain consisting of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes is inoculated to obtain fermented pine needles, then raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil are crushed, ethanol is used for ultrasonic extraction, concentration and freeze drying are carried out to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is uniformly mixed with the fermented pine needles and bone meal to obtain the feed additive. The feed additive improves the immunity of chickens by adding pine needle powder, replaces antibiotics, is used for low-density scientific ecological organic free-ranging, and ensures the nutrition balance and the field feeding capability of the chickens. The feed additive is added into the feed according to the proportion of 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the feed, and is used for feeding laying hens, and laid pine needle eggs are safe, green, nutritional, healthy, good in egg color and sufficient in fragrance.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of fermented pine needle, 5 parts of bone meal, 4 parts of raspberry, 1.5 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 2.5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 1 part of houttuynia cordata, 2.5 parts of scutellaria baicalensis and 2 parts of basil.
The preparation method of the laying hen feed additive based on the fermented pine needles comprises the following steps:
1) inoculating a strain to the pine needles for fermentation to obtain fermented pine needles, wherein the steps are as follows:
cleaning folium Pini, steaming in boiling water for 3min, soaking in 40 deg.C sodium hydroxide solution for 40min, taking out folium Pini, sequentially rinsing with ethanol and clear water, oven drying, and pulverizing to obtain folium Pini powder;
uniformly mixing pine needle meal, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar according to the mass ratio of 3: 2: 1 to obtain a fermentation substrate, and then adding water into the fermentation substrate to obtain a fermentation substrate with the water content of 50%;
inoculating 2% of composite strains into a fermentation substrate, wherein the composite strains consist of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes, and the viable count of the trichoderma reesei, the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomycetes in the composite strains is not less than 8 hundred million/g, 10 hundred million/g and more than 10 hundred million/g respectively;
placing the inoculated fermentation substrate in a special fermentation bag, fermenting for 48h at 28 ℃, and drying to obtain fermented pine needles with the water content of 12%;
2) pre-treating raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil:
cleaning and drying raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, soaking the mixed powder and ethanol in the ethanol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 10 for 30min, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50 ℃ for 40min, filtering, collecting primary filtrate and filter residue, adding 10 times of ethanol into the filter residue, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50 ℃ for 40min, filtering, collecting secondary filtrate, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, concentrating, and freeze-drying to obtain a mixture;
3) uniformly mixing the fermented pine needles, the mixture obtained in the step 2) and the bone meal to obtain the laying hen feed additive.
The laying hen feed additive is added into feed according to the proportion of 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the feed and is used for feeding laying hens.
Example 2
A laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of fermented pine needle, 7 parts of bone meal, 2 parts of raspberry, 2 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 1.5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 1.5 parts of scutellaria baicalensis and 3 parts of basil.
The preparation method of the laying hen feed additive based on the fermented pine needles comprises the following steps:
1) inoculating a strain to the pine needles for fermentation to obtain fermented pine needles, wherein the steps are as follows:
cleaning folium Pini, steaming in boiling water for 5min, soaking in 48 deg.C sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, taking out folium Pini, sequentially rinsing with ethanol and clear water, oven drying, and pulverizing to obtain folium Pini powder;
uniformly mixing pine needle meal, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar according to the mass ratio of 3: 2.5: 3: 1.1 to obtain a fermentation substrate, and then adding water into the fermentation substrate to obtain a fermentation substrate with the water content of-60%;
inoculating 3% of composite strains into a fermentation substrate, wherein the composite strains consist of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes, and the viable count of the trichoderma reesei, the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomycetes in the composite strains is not less than 8 hundred million/g, 10 hundred million/g and more than 10 hundred million/g respectively;
placing the inoculated fermentation substrate in a special fermentation bag, fermenting for 48h at 32 ℃, and drying to obtain fermented pine needles with the water content of 11%;
2) pre-treating raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil:
cleaning and drying raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil, then crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, soaking the mixed powder and ethanol in the ethanol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 15 for 60min, then performing ultrasonic extraction at 60 ℃ for 30min, filtering, collecting primary filtrate and filter residue, adding 10 times of ethanol into the filter residue, performing ultrasonic extraction at 60 ℃ for 30min, filtering, collecting secondary filtrate, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, concentrating, and freeze-drying to obtain a mixture;
3) uniformly mixing the fermented pine needles, the mixture obtained in the step 2) and the bone meal to obtain the laying hen feed additive.
The laying hen feed additive is added into feed according to the proportion of 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the feed and is used for feeding laying hens.
Example 3
A laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of fermented pine needle, 6.5 parts of bone meal, 2.8 parts of raspberry, 1.8 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 2.0 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 1.5 parts of houttuynia cordata, 2.0 parts of scutellaria baicalensis and 2.5 parts of basil.
The preparation method of the laying hen feed additive based on the fermented pine needles comprises the following steps:
1) inoculating a strain to the pine needles for fermentation to obtain fermented pine needles, wherein the steps are as follows:
cleaning folium Pini, steaming in boiling water for 5min, soaking in 45 deg.C sodium hydroxide solution for 35min, taking out folium Pini, sequentially rinsing with ethanol and clear water, oven drying, and pulverizing to obtain folium Pini powder;
uniformly mixing pine needle meal, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar according to the mass ratio of 3: 2.5: 1 to obtain a fermentation substrate, and then adding water into the fermentation substrate to obtain a fermentation substrate with the water content of 55%;
inoculating 2.5% of composite strains into a fermentation substrate, wherein the composite strains consist of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes, and the viable count of the trichoderma reesei, the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomycetes in the composite strains is not less than 8 hundred million/g, 10 hundred million/g and more than 10 hundred million/g respectively;
placing the inoculated fermentation substrate in a special fermentation bag, fermenting for 48h at 30 ℃, and drying to obtain fermented pine needles with the water content of 11.5%;
2) pre-treating raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil:
cleaning and drying raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil, crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, soaking the mixed powder and ethanol in ethanol according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: 10 for 345min, performing ultrasonic extraction at 55 ℃ for 35min, filtering, collecting primary filtrate and filter residue, adding 10 times of ethanol into the filter residue, performing ultrasonic extraction at 55 ℃ for 35min, filtering, collecting secondary filtrate, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, concentrating, and freeze-drying to obtain a mixture;
3) uniformly mixing the fermented pine needles, the mixture obtained in the step 2) and the bone meal to obtain the laying hen feed additive.
The laying hen feed additive is added into feed according to the proportion of 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the feed and is used for feeding laying hens.
Claims (9)
1. A laying hen feed additive based on fermented pine needles is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of fermented pine needle, 5-7 parts of bone meal, 2-4 parts of raspberry, 1.5-2 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 1.5-2.5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 1-2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 1.5-2.5 parts of scutellaria baicalensis and 2-3 parts of basil.
2. The fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive according to claim 1, wherein: the fermented pine needles are prepared by taking pine needle powder, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar as fermentation substrates and inoculating a composite strain for fermentation, wherein the composite strain consists of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes.
3. The preparation method of the fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: which comprises the following steps:
1) inoculating a composite strain to pine needles for fermentation to obtain fermented pine needles, wherein the fermentation takes pine needle powder, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar as fermentation substrates, and the composite strain consists of trichoderma reesei, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes;
2) cleaning Rubi fructus, herba Gynostemmatis, cortex Magnolia officinalis, herba Houttuyniae, Scutellariae radix, and herba Ocimi, oven drying, pulverizing to obtain mixed powder, ultrasonic extracting with ethanol twice, mixing filtrates, concentrating, and freeze drying to obtain mixture;
3) uniformly mixing the fermented pine needles, the mixture obtained in the step 2) and the bone meal to obtain the laying hen feed additive.
4. The method for preparing a fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 1) is as follows:
1-1) washing pine needles, steaming and boiling the pine needles in boiling water for 3-5min, then soaking the pine needles in a sodium hydroxide solution, and finally fishing out the pine needles, rinsing, drying and crushing the pine needles to obtain pine needle powder;
1-2) uniformly mixing pine needle meal, myrciaria cauliflora pomace, bran and brown sugar according to the mass ratio of 3: 2-2.5: 2-3: 1-1.1 to obtain a fermentation substrate, and then adding water into the fermentation substrate to obtain a fermentation substrate;
1-3) inoculating 2-3% of composite strains into the fermentation substrate, wherein the viable count of the trichoderma reesei, the bacillus subtilis and the microzyme in the composite strains is not less than 8 hundred million/g, 10 hundred million/g and more than 10 hundred million/g respectively;
1-4) putting the inoculated fermentation substrate into a special fermentation bag, fermenting for 48h at 28-32 ℃, and drying to obtain the fermented pine needles with the water content not higher than 12%.
5. The preparation method of the fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step 1-1), the temperature of the sodium hydroxide solution is 40-48 ℃, the soaking time is 30-40min, and the rinsing adopts ethanol and clean water to rinse in sequence.
6. The preparation method of the fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step 1-2), the water content of the fermentation substrate is 50-60%.
7. The preparation method of the fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step 1-4), the water content of the fermented pine needles obtained by drying is not higher than 12%.
8. The method for preparing a fermented pine needle-based laying hen feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 2) is as follows: cleaning and drying raspberry, gynostemma pentaphylla, mangnolia officinalis, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis and basil, then crushing, sieving with a 80-100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, soaking the mixed powder and ethanol in the ethanol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 10-15 for 30-60min, then performing ultrasonic extraction at 50-60 ℃ for 30-40min, filtering, collecting primary filtrate and filter residue, adding 10 times of ethanol by weight into the filter residue, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50-60 ℃ for 30-40min, filtering, collecting secondary filtrate, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, concentrating, and performing freeze drying to obtain a mixture.
9. The use of the fermented pine needle-based layer chicken feed additive according to claim 1, wherein: the laying hen feed additive is added into feed according to the proportion of 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the feed, and is used for feeding laying hens.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113693170A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-26 | 合肥盛嘉生物科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and pig feed |
| CN115886148A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-04 | 瑞昌市铜岭农庄有限公司 | Preparation method and application of fermented selenium-rich chicken feed added with pine needle powder |
| CN117918454A (en) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-04-26 | 江西农业大学 | Pine needle powder and bean curd residue mixed fermentation type feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN104719666A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2015-06-24 | 河南科技大学 | Special fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for laying hen and preparation method of special fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed additive |
| CN104855705A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-08-26 | 河南科技大学 | Biological fermentation feed for chicken broilers and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113693170A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-26 | 合肥盛嘉生物科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine pig feed additive and pig feed |
| CN115886148A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-04 | 瑞昌市铜岭农庄有限公司 | Preparation method and application of fermented selenium-rich chicken feed added with pine needle powder |
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