CN113424786A - Australia freshwater lobster paddy field breeding method - Google Patents
Australia freshwater lobster paddy field breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113424786A CN113424786A CN202110783917.3A CN202110783917A CN113424786A CN 113424786 A CN113424786 A CN 113424786A CN 202110783917 A CN202110783917 A CN 202110783917A CN 113424786 A CN113424786 A CN 113424786A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a paddy field aquaculture method for Australia crayfishes, relating to the technical field of aquaculture and comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of rice field layout, breeding and keeper setting, enemy clearance, fry putting, bait feeding, rice field management and harvesting. The invention utilizes the ecological breeding of Australia freshwater lobsters in the rice field to cultivate large-size high-quality lobsters. The standard range is 150-400 g when harvesting for 10-11 months, the average standard reaches 275g, and the yield per mu calculated according to the total area of the rice field can reach 132-176 kg.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a paddy field aquaculture method for Australia crayfishes.
Background
Australia freshwater lobster (Cherax quadricarinatus) is named as four-ridge bare-shell Nanoca crayfish, red crayfish or blue crayfish, belongs to the Palaemodaceae of the ten-legged order, is native Australia, is exactly like sea crayfish in appearance, and is one of the most famous and precious freshwater economic shrimp species in the world.
Australia freshwater lobster is introduced to trial culture in Guangdong province, artificial breeding seedlings and adult lobster culture success is obtained successively, and the culture is continuously promoted all over the country at present. The weight of each individual is generally 100-200 g, the weight can be used when the individual grows to about 75g, the weight of the individual with the maximum Australia can reach 500 g, and the macadamia feed is rich in nutrition and tender in meat quality. The Australia crayfish has strong vitality resistance and is convenient for long-distance transportation, and the fresh and alive crayfish is favored in domestic and foreign markets. Aiming at the defects of high pond culture cost and low culture efficiency, the invention aims to provide a rice field Australia freshwater lobster culture method.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a paddy field cultivation method for Australia crayfishes.
The invention provides a paddy field culture method for Australia freshwater lobsters, which comprises the following steps:
(1) rice field layout: 1 breeding and keeping place is dug downwards in the middle of the rice field, and a communicating ditch is dug in the south, east, west and north directions of the breeding and keeping place to the ridge side;
(2) the breeding keeper is arranged: the water-sinking plants and emerging plants are planted in the breeding keeper; the water inlet and outlet of the breeding keeper is provided with a mesh enclosure; a plurality of layers of artificial nests are erected upwards from the bottom in the breeding keeper to provide a hidden inhabitation space for the Australia freshwater lobsters, the artificial nests are formed by bundling honeycomb-shaped PVC pipes, waste tiles and waste tires together through alternanthera philoxeroides, and the bundled alternanthera philoxeroides continue to grow;
(3) and (3) removing harmful insects: the water inlet of the breeding tank is provided with a bolting silk for filtering water; in high-temperature seasons, quicklime is scattered to clear the field after the water inlet of the breeding keeper is exposed to the sun, and the enemies of the Australian freshwater lobster seedlings at the water inlet are eliminated;
(4) seed putting: 5-6 months, after the effective tillering of the rice and field roasting are finished, and when the water temperature is stabilized to be above 25 ℃, putting Australia crayfish fries;
(5) feeding baits;
(6) rice field management and disease control;
(7) and (6) harvesting.
Preferably, in the step (1), the paddy field is 10-20 mu; the breeding keeper is rectangular, has the depth of 0.8-1.0 m and the area of 7.5-8.0% of the total area of the rice field; the depth of each communicating ditch is 0.6-0.7 m, the area of each communicating ditch accounts for 0.4-0.6% of the total area of the rice field, and the sum of the areas of the breeding and breeding pools and the 4 communicating ditches is not more than 10% of the total area of the rice field.
Preferably, in the step (2), the area of the benthophyte occupying the bottom of the breeding pool is more than or equal to 20%, and the area of the standing water plant covering the pool surface occupies 25-35% of the area of the water surface of the breeding pool.
Preferably, in the step (2), the artificial nests are less than or equal to 5 layers, and the area of each layer of artificial nests accounts for 18-24% of the area of the breeding pool.
The artificial nest is built by binding honeycomb PVC pipes, waste tiles and waste tires together by using the toughness and elasticity of the water peanuts to replace plastic ropes, and the water peanuts continue to grow after being bound.
In the step (2), the transparency of the paddy field water is more than or equal to 40cm, the bottom of the breeding and reservation pit is better than a sandy or hard soil bottom, and excessive silt is not suitable to be generated; the water inlet and outlet of said breeding pool are equipped with a net cover for preventing frog, mouse and snake from entering and preventing Australia crayfish from escaping.
Preferably, in the step (3), 2 80-mesh bolting silk is arranged in front of the water inlet of the breeding and keeping pit for filtering the inlet water, and the filtering area of the bolting silk is more than or equal to 200m2。
The arrangement in front of the water inlet of said breeding keeper can ensure the smooth flow of water and prevent the entry of the larva and egg. In the prior art, the filtration area is rarely limited, the mesh number of the bolting silk is generally limited, the effect cannot be effectively achieved in the production practice process, and the inventor finds out that when the filtration area reaches the limited value, the smooth water flow can be effectively ensured, and the entry of enemy larvae and egg particles is prevented.
In 5-8 months in high-temperature season, quicklime is scattered to clean the field after the water inlet of the breeding keeper is exposed to the sun, a water source environment without harmful insects is created, the growth management of rice is not influenced, 150kg of quicklime is used for thoroughly cleaning the field per mu, and the harmful insects of Australian freshwater lobster seedlings at the water inlet are eliminated.
Preferably, the step (4) is to put the Australia crayfish fries in the morning or evening of sunny day, before putting, slowly adding the rice field water into the seedling transportation container filled with the Australia crayfish fries, adjusting the water temperature to be close to the water temperature of the rice field, and then putting the Australia crayfish fries into the rice field.
Preferably, in the step (4), the specification of the Australian freshwater lobster fry is 2-4 cm, and the putting quantity of the Australian freshwater lobster fry is 6000-8000 tails/mu according to the area calculation of the breeding pool and the communication ditch.
In the step (4), the feeding mode is adopted, so that the shrimp larvae can be prevented from catching a cold, and the survival rate and the production development are influenced. Generally, the survival rate of the thrown shrimp larvae can reach more than 80%.
Preferably, in the step (5), the bait is fed by 2-3% of the weight of the Australian crayfish every day.
In the step (5), the bait feeding is to fully utilize natural bait resources in the rice field and reduce the bait feeding amount to 2-3%. The Australia freshwater lobster has good palatability, and can eat fresh grass roots, humus, aquatic plankton to small trash fish, snails, soybean, and is also favored to eat prawn compound feed. 3 days after the fry placement, the minced small trash fish and the minced meat are mainly put in, and then the small trash fish, the leftover meat or the artificial mixed feed is put in within 1 month; when the length of the feed reaches 6-7 cm, the crushed spiral shells, the freshwater mussels and a proper amount of plant bait can be fed. The feed is fed for 1 time in the morning and at night every day, the feeding amount accounts for 2-3% of the weight of the rice, compared with the feeding amount of 5-10% of the pond culture, the feed is obviously saved and the cost is reduced in the rice field culture, and the specific feeding amount needs to be increased or decreased according to the ingestion condition of the rice. Most Australian freshwater lobsters eat food in dusk and at night, the feeding amount at night accounts for more than 70-80% of the whole day, the feed is thrown in shallow water of the breeding pool along four sides, the feeding is uniform, the food competition is prevented, residual feed is removed in time, the water quality is prevented from being spoiled, and shrimp diseases are induced. And reducing feeding when the water temperature is reduced to be below 22 ℃, and stopping feeding when the water temperature is below 15 ℃.
In the step (6), a specially-assigned person is required to manage the rice field, the rice field is frequently checked, the pond is frequently patrolled, the quantity of the water plants at the bottom of the pond is timely supplemented, and moss in the pond is removed; frequently checking filter screens of the water inlet and the water outlet, and paying attention to control harmful insects; the escape condition of the adult shrimps needs to be specially noticed in the thunderstorm weather, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, and the shrimps are prevented from escaping due to oxygen deficiency in the water. In addition, the Australia crayfish grows fast, the metabolism is vigorous, the oxygen consumption is large, the water quality of the rice field needs to be kept fresh frequently, water is required to be changed for 15-20 cm depth every week generally, and sufficient dissolved oxygen exists. Meanwhile, attention is paid to observing various activities of shrimps, feeding, shelling and the like, problems are found in time and are treated as early as possible, and detailed records are required to be made fully.
The lobster species has strong disease resistance, generally, diseases can not occur in the breeding period, and mainly prevent and treat the lobsters. The main work of disease control is the disinfection of the body surface of the shrimp, which can adopt saline water with the concentration of about 3 percent to disinfect, prevent pathogens from being brought into the pond, can irregularly disinfect water by quicklime, chlorine preparations and the like according to the water quality and time conditions, and can also adjust the water quality by regularly splashing the whole pond by using photosynthetic bacteria liquid. If the parasitic diseases occur, 3-5 mg/kg potassium permanganate can be used for soaking for 30 minutes; algae attached to the surface of shrimp body can affect molting, and can be killed by quicklime; the intestinal tract disease is caused by the ingestion of deteriorated bait, so the bait is fresh, mildew bait is not needed, and when leguminous plants are selected as the bait, antitrypsin must be removed through heating treatment, which is favorable for the absorption of plant protein.
In the step (7), the Australia crayfish is stocked in the current year and harvested in the current year, and generally can be harvested within 10-11 months in the current year. The method of dry field or purse net can be adopted for one-time catching in the evening, if the shrimps are listed in batches in stages, trawling or net spreading can be adopted for catching, and the shrimps can also be caught by a trap cage, namely baits are placed in the cage to attract the shrimps. When the Australia freshwater lobsters are bred in the breeding pot, the Australia freshwater lobsters grow in the whole rice field, the density is low, the ecological niche space of each shrimp is large, the growth speed is high, the survival rate is high, the specification range is 150-400 g, and the average specification reaches 275 g; calculating the yield per mu of 132-176 kg according to the total area of the rice field (1320-1760 kg according to the actual area of the cultivation and reservation pit and the communication pit); when the water temperature is lower than 12-13 ℃, small Australia freshwater lobsters can be collected and placed in a plastic greenhouse, the temperature is controlled to be 10-12 ℃, and the small Australia freshwater lobsters are kept for re-cultivation in the next year.
Because the Australia crayfish has strong tolerance ability when leaving the water body and can survive after leaving the water for 30 hours, the live crayfish is easy to transport, and the live crayfish can be transported as long as some waterweeds are placed in the box to keep the constant humidity. Such as: dry-transporting with plastic foam box, and placing small amount of aquatic weed on the box, wherein 200 shrimp tails can be placed in each plastic box of 60cm × 40cm × 30 cm. During transportation, the patient needs to be ventilated and not squeezed, the transportation time is too long, and the patient needs to be watered midway, so as to avoid death.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
1. the present invention sets 1 breeding keeper and 4 connecting ditches in rice field to make the water bodies in rice field communicated mutually, and this facilitates water body exchange and makes the physical and chemical indexes, plankton, etc. of water body in rice field consistent.
2. Through planting benthophyte and emergent aquatic plant in breeding the dang for water upper strata, middle level and lower floor all have aquatic plant, form the cubical space, and Australia freshwater lobster can both perch, move about in the water different levels, optimizes the ecological space of shrimp by a wide margin.
3. In the invention, 2 bolting silk layers with 80 meshes are arranged in front of the water inlet of the breeding keeper to filter inlet water, and the filtering area of the bolting silk layers is controlled to be more than or equal to 200m2Thereby ensuring that the water inflow is smooth and can not be blocked, and preventing the enemy larva and egg particles from entering. In the prior art, the mesh number of the bolting silk is mostly limited, the filtering area is not limited too much, the effect can not be effectively achieved in the production practice process, and the inventor finds out that when the filtering area reaches the limit value, the smooth water flow can be effectively ensured, and the entry of enemy larvae and egg particles is prevented.
3. According to the invention, the rice field is adopted for cultivation, natural bait resources in the rice field are fully utilized, the bait feeding amount is reduced to 2-3%, and the cultivation cost is reduced.
4. Before the shrimp seeds are put in, rice field water is slowly added into a seedling container filled with the Australian freshwater lobster seeds, when the water temperature is adjusted to be close to that of the rice field water, the Australian freshwater lobster seeds are put into a rice field, the method can prevent the shrimp seeds from catching cold to influence the survival rate, the putting density is reasonably controlled, and the survival rate of the put shrimp seeds can reach more than 80%.
The invention utilizes the ecological breeding of Australia freshwater lobsters in the rice field to cultivate large-size high-quality lobsters. The standard range is 150-400 g when harvesting for 10-11 months, the average standard reaches 275g, and the yield per mu calculated according to the total area of the rice field can reach 132-176 kg.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The rice field Australia freshwater lobster test is carried out in cooperative bases such as Maanshan city Anhui agriculture and agriculture science and technology development limited company, Anhui Maanshan stone mortar lake green belly white back hairy crab farms and the like from 2018 to 2020.
(1) Rice field layout: selecting a rice field with the area of 10-20 mu, digging 1 rectangular breeding pot which accounts for 8% of the total area of the rice field downwards in the middle of the rice field and has the depth of 0.8-1.0 m, respectively digging one communicating ditch in the southeast, the northwest and the east directions of the breeding pot until reaching four ridge edges, wherein the communicating ditch has the depth of 0.6-0.7 m, each communicating ditch accounts for 0.5% of the total area of the rice field, and the sum of the breeding pot and 4 communicating ditches accounts for no more than 10% of the total area of the rice field;
(2) the breeding keeper is arranged: the transparency of the paddy field water is better than 40cm, the bottom of the paddy field water is better than sand or hard soil, so that too much sludge is not easy to exist, and the bottom of the pit is provided with submerged plants with the area not less than 1/5; the water inlet and outlet are provided with mesh enclosures for strictly preventing frogs, mice and snakes from entering and Australia crayfish from escaping; the water plants or water hyacinth and other emergent aquatic plants are bred around the breeding pool, the covering area of the pool accounts for about 1/3 of the water surface of the breeding pool, enough artificial nests are arranged at the bottom of the pool as hidden objects, each layer of the artificial nests is constructed by using honeycomb-shaped PVC pipes, waste tiles for old rural houses and waste water peanuts as link tools, no more than 5 layers are superposed upwards from the bottom of the breeding pool, a three-dimensional space is created to provide more hidden inhabitation spaces for Australian freshwater lobsters, and the area accounts for 1/5 of the area of the breeding pool;
(3) completely eliminating the harmful insects of Australia freshwater lobster seedlings in the rice field: sieving with 80 mesh sieve at water inlet for 2 times to obtain a large area filter with a total filter area of 240m or more2The water inlet flow is ensured to be smooth and not to be blocked, and enemy larvae and eggs are prevented from entering; meanwhile, 150kg of quicklime is used per mu thoroughly after the water source at the water inlet is solarized in high temperature seasons such as 5, 6, 7 and 8The method is clear and wild, so that no harmful insects of Australia freshwater lobster seedlings exist at a water inlet;
(4) the shrimp larvae are released at a low density, and the survival rate is improved: the time is preferably 5 months and 28 days, the rice can be effectively tillered, the first rice field baking is finished, and the seedlings can be thrown after the water temperature is kept above 25 ℃ for a plurality of days. The method is carried out in the morning or evening of fine day, a small amount of field water is slowly added into a fry transporting container to adjust the water temperature before fry placing until the water temperature in the container is close to the water temperature of a pool, and then the fry is placed into the field to prevent the fry from catching a cold and influencing the survival rate and the growth and development. The shrimp fry is 3cm in specification, the density is 7000 fries (700 fries according to the total area of the rice field) are stocked per mu according to the area of the breeding keeper and the communicating ditch; the shrimp fries bred in the same rice field have regular and consistent specification requirements. Under normal conditions, the survival rate can reach more than 85 percent;
(5) the natural bait resources in the rice field are fully utilized, and the bait feeding amount is reduced to 2.5%: the shrimp has good palatability, and can eat fresh grass root, humus, aquatic plankton, small trash fish, snail, semen glycines, and compound feed for prawn. 3 days after the fry placement, the minced small trash fish and the minced meat are mainly put in, and the small trash fish, the leftover meat or the artificial mixed feed is put in the next 1 month; when the length reaches 7cm, the crushed spiral shells, the freshwater mussels and a proper amount of plant baits can be fed. The feed is fed for 1 time in the morning and at night every day, the feeding amount accounts for 2.5 percent of the body weight (compared with the feeding amount of pond culture which is 5 to 10 percent, the feed is obviously saved, the cost is reduced), and the specific feeding amount is increased or decreased according to the ingestion condition. Most of the food is eaten at dusk and night, the feeding amount at night accounts for more than 70 to 80 percent of the whole day, the feed is thrown in the shallow water of the breeding pool along four sides, the feeding is uniform, the food fighting is prevented, the residual bait is removed in time, and the water quality is prevented from being spoiled to induce shrimp diseases. Reducing feeding when the water temperature is reduced to below 22 ℃, and stopping feeding when the water temperature is below 15 ℃;
(6) and (3) rice field management: the rice field needs to be managed by a specially-assigned person, frequently, the rice field needs to be checked frequently, the pond is patrolled frequently, the quantity of the water plants at the bottom of the pond is supplemented timely, and moss in the pond is removed; frequently checking filter screens of the water inlet and the water outlet, and paying attention to control harmful insects; in thunderstorm weather, special attention needs to be paid to the escape condition of adult shrimps, and dissolved oxygen in a water body is increased, so that the shrimps can not escape in water due to oxygen deficiency; the Australia crayfish has the advantages of fast growth, vigorous metabolism and large oxygen consumption, the water quality of the rice field needs to be kept fresh frequently, the water needs to be changed to be 15 cm-20 cm deep generally every week, and enough dissolved oxygen exists. Meanwhile, the conditions of various activities, ingestion, shelling and the like of the shrimps are observed, problems are found in time and are treated as early as possible, and detailed records are fully made;
(7) disease control: the lobster species has strong disease resistance, generally, diseases can not occur in the breeding period, and mainly prevent and treat the lobsters. The main work of disease control is the disinfection of the body surface of the shrimp, which can adopt saline water with the concentration of about 3 percent to disinfect, prevent pathogens from being brought into the pond, can irregularly disinfect water by quicklime, chlorine preparation and the like according to the water quality and time conditions, and can also adjust the water quality by using photosynthetic bacteria liquid to splash the whole pond regularly;
if the parasitic diseases occur, 3-5 mg/kg potassium permanganate can be used for soaking for 30 minutes; algae attached to the surface of shrimp body can affect molting, and can be killed by quicklime; the intestinal tract disease is caused by ingesting deteriorated bait, so the bait is fresh, mildew bait is not needed, when leguminous plants are selected as the bait, antitrypsin is removed by heating treatment, which is beneficial to the absorption of plant protein;
(8) harvesting: the Australia freshwater lobster is stocked in the current year and harvested in the current year, and can be harvested in 10-11 months in the current year generally; the method of dry field or purse net can be adopted for one-time catching in the evening, if the shrimps are listed in batches in stages, trawling or net spreading can be adopted for catching, and the shrimps can also be caught by using a trap cage, namely baits are placed in the cage to attract the shrimps; when the Australia freshwater lobsters are bred in the breeding pot, the Australia freshwater lobsters grow in the whole rice field, the density is low, the ecological niche space of each shrimp is large, the growth speed is high, the survival rate is high, the specification range is 150-400 g, and the average specification reaches 275 g; calculating yield per mu of 154kg according to the total area of the rice field (calculating yield per mu of 1540kg according to the actual areas of the breeding and breeding pools and the communication ditches); when the water temperature is lower than 13 ℃, the small Australia freshwater lobsters can be collected and placed in a plastic greenhouse, the temperature is controlled to be 12 ℃, and the small Australia freshwater lobsters are kept for the next year and are cultured again;
(9) and (3) transportation: because the Australia crayfish has strong tolerance ability when leaving the water body and can survive after leaving the water for 30 hours, the live crayfish is easy to transport, and the live crayfish can be transported as long as some waterweeds are placed in the box to keep the constant humidity. Such as: dry-transporting with plastic foam box, and placing small amount of aquatic weed on the box, wherein 200 shrimp tails can be placed in each plastic box of 60cm × 40cm × 30 cm. During transportation, the patient needs to be ventilated and not squeezed, the transportation time is too long, and the patient needs to be watered midway, so as to avoid death.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The Australia crayfish paddy field breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) rice field layout: 1 breeding and keeping place is dug downwards in the middle of the rice field, and a communicating ditch is dug in the south, east, west and north directions of the breeding and keeping place to the ridge side;
(2) the breeding keeper is arranged: the water-sinking plants and emerging plants are planted in the breeding keeper; the water inlet and outlet of the breeding keeper is provided with a mesh enclosure; a plurality of layers of artificial nests are erected upwards from the bottom in the breeding keeper to provide a hidden inhabitation space for the Australia freshwater lobsters, the artificial nests are formed by bundling honeycomb-shaped PVC pipes, waste tiles and waste tires together through alternanthera philoxeroides, and the bundled alternanthera philoxeroides continue to grow;
(3) and (3) removing harmful insects: the water inlet of the breeding tank is provided with a bolting silk for filtering water; in high-temperature seasons, quicklime is scattered to clear the field after the water inlet of the breeding keeper is exposed to the sun, and the enemies of the Australian freshwater lobster seedlings at the water inlet are eliminated;
(4) seed putting: 5-6 months, after the effective tillering of the rice and field roasting are finished, and when the water temperature is stabilized to be above 25 ℃, putting Australia crayfish fries;
(5) feeding baits;
(6) rice field management and disease control;
(7) and (6) harvesting.
2. The paddy field cultivation method for Australia crayfishes according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the paddy field is 10 to 20 acres; the breeding keeper is rectangular, has the depth of 0.8-1.0 m and the area of 7.5-8.0% of the total area of the rice field; the depth of each communicating ditch is 0.6-0.7 m, the area of each communicating ditch accounts for 0.4-0.6% of the total area of the rice field, and the sum of the areas of the breeding and breeding pools and the 4 communicating ditches is not more than 10% of the total area of the rice field.
3. The method for cultivating the Australian crayfish in the paddy field according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2), the area of the submerged plants on the bottom of the cultivation pool is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the area of the standing water plants on the pool surface accounts for 25-35 percent of the area of the water surface of the cultivation pool.
4. The paddy field aquaculture method for Australia crayfishes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step (2), the artificial nests are less than or equal to 5 layers, and the area of each artificial nest layer accounts for 18-24% of the area of the aquaculture pool.
5. The method for culturing Australian crayfish in paddy field according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step (3), 2 80-mesh bolting silk is arranged in front of the water inlet of the culture keeper for filtering the inlet water, and the filtering area of the bolting silk is more than or equal to 200m2。
6. The method for paddy field cultivation of Australian crayfishes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the seeding of the Australian crayfish in step (4) is carried out in the morning or in the evening of fine day, the paddy water is slowly added into the seedling container containing the Australian crayfish seedlings before the seeding, and the Australian crayfish seedlings are placed in the paddy field after the water temperature is adjusted to be close to the water temperature of the paddy field.
7. The paddy field aquaculture method for Australian freshwater lobsters as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the step (4), the size of the Australian freshwater lobster fries is 2-4 cm, and the amount of the Australian freshwater lobster fries put in the water-saving pool is 6000-8000 tails/mu according to the area of the aquaculture pool and the open ditch.
8. The method for paddy field cultivation of Australian crayfish as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the step (5), the bait is fed in an amount of 2 to 3% of the body weight of Australian crayfish per day.
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