CN113348990B - Mountain dragon fruit labor-saving planting structure and method capable of efficiently utilizing land - Google Patents
Mountain dragon fruit labor-saving planting structure and method capable of efficiently utilizing land Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001116759 Koeberlinia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010837 Echinocereus enneacanthus subsp brevispinus Nutrition 0.000 claims 4
- 235000006850 Echinocereus enneacanthus var dubius Nutrition 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention provides a labor-saving planting structure and a labor-saving planting method for mountain dragon fruits, which are capable of efficiently utilizing land. The invention improves the land utilization rate of karst mountain for planting dragon fruits by more than 38 percent; the operation is convenient and labor-saving, the production efficiency is improved, and the labor force is saved; the width of the operable surface of the ladder surface is 1-1.5 meters, so that the mechanized operation of agriculture is facilitated; leading the dragon fruits to have a batch of results in advance and generating economic benefits in advance; all branches are consistent in orientation, and the dragon fruits are better and uniform in quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dragon fruit planting, in particular to a mountain dragon fruit labor-saving planting structure and method capable of efficiently utilizing land.
Background
The karst mountain dragon fruits are planted by single pile planting and bent planting.
Single pile planting, generally, the width of a ladder surface is 2-2.5 m, the plant spacing is 3m, the pile height is 1.5-1.8 m, 80-111 piles can be planted in a mountain area of one mu in combination with actual topography, the planting density is 320-444 plants, and the land utilization rate is low. After the full bearing period, the dragon fruit branches are mixed among the upright posts, when branches grow to the inner wall and the ladder edge, the difficulty of cultivation management and fruit picking around is high, the labor cost is high, and no mechanical operation is possible.
The planting is carried out in an encrypted row frame mode, the average ladder surface is not lower than 3m, the distance between two central rows is 40-50cm, each row is 50-60cm, the planting is cross-planted, the height of the row frame is 1.5-1.8 m, the planting density of the mountain land is about 700-800 plants, and the land utilization rate is general. After the full fruit period, the inner and outer operable surfaces are generally not more than 0.5m, and the two sides are relatively easy to manage and harvest, and can only be operated manually or by small mountain machinery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a labor-saving planting structure and a labor-saving planting method for mountain dragon fruits, which efficiently utilize land.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a labor-saving planting structure for mountain dragon fruits, which efficiently utilizes the land, and comprises a ladder face, an obtuse angle frame and an acute angle frame, wherein a plurality of obtuse angle frames and acute angle frames are distributed along the edge of the ladder face, one end of each obtuse angle frame is connected with the top of each acute angle frame, the other end of each obtuse angle frame is fixed in the edge of the ladder face, the edge of the ladder face is a sloping face, the short side of each acute angle frame is fixed on the sloping face, the long side of each acute angle frame is fixed on the sloping face or the ladder face of the next layer, a traction rod is transversely arranged at the top of each obtuse angle frame, the height of the traction rod is 55-65cm from the ladder face, a supporting rod is transversely arranged at the top of each acute angle frame, the horizontal distance between each supporting rod and the ladder face is 30-50 cm, the height of each supporting rod is 80-85 cm from the ladder face, 1-2 rows of strips are distributed on the long side of each acute angle frame, and grass-preventing cloth is paved on the sloping face.
And a dragon fruit planting ditch is formed in the position, which is 5-10 cm away from the obtuse angle frame, of the ladder face along the direction of the ladder face, fertilizer is applied in the ditch, dragon fruit plants are planted in the ditch, and the upper parts of dragon fruit branches are fixed on the traction rod through binding ropes.
The traction rod is a rope or a bamboo pole.
The end part of the supporting rod is provided with a connecting piece.
The pitch of the dragon fruit plants is 30-40 cm.
The low herbaceous plants are planted on the ladder surface, are 5-10 cm away from the planting furrows of the dragon fruits, inhibit the growth of weeds in the dragon orchard, and are not mutually exclusive with the dragon fruits.
And the planting groove of the dragon fruit is lower than the ladder surface after the dragon fruit is planted in the planting groove.
The width of the ladder face is 1.8-2.2 m, and the height is 1-2.5 m.
The obtuse angle frame is fixed at one end of the ladder surface, and the distance between the obtuse angle frame and the edge of the ladder surface is 5-10 cm.
The distance between the row bars and the next layer of ladder surface is 60-80 cm.
The distance between the obtuse angle frame and the acute angle frame along the edge of the ladder surface is 3-4 m.
The row bars are ropes or bamboo poles.
The slope surface has an angle of 60-90 degrees.
The invention also provides a labor-saving planting method of the mountain dragon fruits, which efficiently utilizes the land, and comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting an obtuse angle frame and an acute angle frame along the outer side of the ladder surface by 3-4 m, wherein one end of the obtuse angle frame is connected with the top of the acute angle frame, the other end of the obtuse angle frame is fixed at the position of 5-10 cm inside the edge of the ladder surface, the short side of the acute angle frame is fixed on a slope, the long side of the acute angle frame is fixed on the slope or the ladder surface of the next layer, a traction rod is erected on the top of the obtuse angle frame, the height of the traction rod from the ladder surface is 55-65cm, a supporting rod is erected on the top of the acute angle frame, the horizontal distance between the supporting rod and the ladder surface is 30-50 cm, the height of the supporting rod from the ladder surface is 80-85 cm, and 1-2 row bars are distributed on the long side of the acute angle frame.
Step two, paving grass protection cloth in the area outside the slope surface and the fixed obtuse angle frame part of the ladder surface;
step three, ditching and applying base fertilizer at the position, which is 5-10 cm away from the obtuse angle frame, on the inner side of the part of the obtuse angle frame fixed on the tread, and uniformly stirring and is lower than the tread;
step four, 1-2 years old is intercepted, the length of a dragon fruit branch is 80-85 cm, all thorns of 70-75 cm below the branch are castrated, and the thorns of 10cm above the branch are reserved as cutting seedlings;
step five, cutting dragon fruit branches at the fertilizing position, cutting one branch every 30-40 cm, and binding and fixing the upper parts of the branches on a traction rod by using binding ropes;
step six, after the branches root and sprout new shoots, each branch is reserved with a new shoot, urea is spread on the planting furrows in rainy days, and the branches are cut off and cultivated into first fruiting branches after growing and drooping to a position 50-60cm away from the next layer of ladder surface;
step seven, after the field planted branches germinate for the second batch of new shoots, selecting and reserving new shoots on the left side and the right side respectively, and after the new shoots grow to 20-25 cm, chopping, fixing the new shoots on a supporting rod, and culturing to obtain fruiting parent branches;
step eight, after the fruiting parent branches are aged and the young shoots are germinated, one young shoot is reserved on each side, after the branches grow and drop to a position 50-60cm away from the next layer of ladder surface, the branches are cut off and cultivated into second and third fruiting branches, 6-8 fruiting branches are cultivated in sequence, the two sides of the planting main branches are evenly distributed, the young shoots grow period, and urea is spread on planting furrows in rainy days each month.
In the sixth step and the eighth step, the density of the urea sprayed in the planting furrows in rainy days is 1-1.5 kg/667 square meters.
The method also comprises the following steps: after the planting of the dragon fruits is completed, sowing low-level herbaceous plants on the ladder surface, wherein the herbaceous plants are 5-10 cm away from the planting furrows of the dragon fruits, inhibit the growth of weeds in the dragon orchard, and are not mutually exclusive with the dragon fruits.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, according to the result habit of the sagging of the dragon fruit branches, the wall surface result is utilized, so that the land utilization rate of karst mountain land for planting the dragon fruits is improved, 1111-1334 plants of the dragon fruits can be planted per mu in practice, the land utilization rate is improved by more than 38%, and the yield is greatly improved; the planting, fertilizing and trimming of the upper layer of ladder surface are utilized, the slope surface result is utilized, the fruit picking and transportation of the lower ladder surface are utilized, the actions such as bending down are reduced, the labor is saved more conveniently than the planting on the same plane, the personnel are not easy to be scratched by the dragon fruit thorns, the production efficiency is improved, and the labor is saved; after the dragon fruit trees enter the growing period, the width of the operable surface of the ladder surface is 1-1.5 m, the mechanized operation space of agriculture is large, and the field planting dragon fruit is positioned at the outer side of the support frame, is not affected by the support frame when in mechanical operations such as fertilization, soil turning and covering, and is an innovative mountain suitable mechanized cultivation mode; grass-proof cloth is arranged at the front stage of the slope, dense dragon fruit branches are covered at the rear stage, and mowing cost and water and soil loss are reduced; sowing low-level herbaceous plants on the ladder surface, controlling grass by grass, cutting , covering the grass on the planting furrows of the dragon fruits, and preserving water and fattening.
The invention has the outstanding characteristics that in practice, the dragon fruits can enter the production phase results in a batch in advance, and economic benefits are generated in advance; all branches are consistent in orientation, and the dragon fruits are better and uniform in quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a tread; 2-slope; 3-obtuse angle frame; 4-an acute angle frame; 5-supporting rods; a 6-connector; 7-arranging strips; 8-a traction rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the above.
The structure of the invention is schematically shown in fig. 1:
the invention provides a labor-saving planting structure of mountain dragon fruits, which efficiently utilizes the land, and comprises a ladder surface 1, an obtuse angle frame 3 and an acute angle frame 4, wherein the obtuse angle frame 3 and the acute angle frame 4 are distributed along the edge of the ladder surface 1, one end of the obtuse angle frame 3 is connected with the top of the acute angle frame 4, the other end of the obtuse angle frame is fixed in the edge of the ladder surface 1, the edge of the ladder surface 1 is a slope surface 2, the short side of the acute angle frame 4 is fixed on the slope surface 2, the long side of the acute angle frame 4 is fixed on the slope surface 2 or the ladder surface 1 of the next layer, a traction rod 8 is transversely arranged at the top of the obtuse angle frame 3, the traction rod 8 is 55-65cm away from the ladder surface, a supporting rod 5 is transversely arranged at the top of the acute angle frame 4, the supporting rod 5 is 30-50 cm away from the ladder surface, the supporting rod 5 is 80-85 cm away from the ladder surface, 1-2 rows 7 are distributed on the long side of the acute angle frame 4, and grass-preventing cloth is paved on the slope surface 2.
During planting, ditching and fertilizing are conducted on the obtuse angle frame 3 on the ladder face 1 at a position 5-10 cm away from one side of the slope face 2, dragon fruit branches are cut at the fertilizing position, and the upper parts of the branches are fixed on the traction rods 8 through binding ropes. The branches grow and droop along the row bars at the outer edge of the acute angle frame 4, then the short sections are cultivated into fruiting branches, and the fruiting branches are formed along the wall surface formed by the supporting frames. The traction rod 8 can be made of bamboo poles, ropes and other materials.
According to the method, according to the result habit of the sagging of the dragon fruit branches, the wall surface result is utilized, so that the land utilization rate of karst mountain land for planting the dragon fruits is improved, 1111-1334 plants of the dragon fruits can be planted per mu in practice, the land utilization rate is improved by more than 38%, and the yield is greatly improved; planting, fertilizing and trimming by using the upper layer of ladder surface 1, picking fruits and transporting by using the lower ladder surface 1 by using the slope surface 2, reducing bending actions and the like, facilitating and saving labor when agricultural operations are compared with the planting on the same plane, ensuring that personnel are not easily scratched by the dragon fruit thorns, improving the production efficiency and saving labor; after the dragon fruit trees enter the growing period, the width of the operable surface of the ladder surface 1 is 1-1.5 meters, so that the mechanized operation of agriculture is facilitated, and the selection of a mountain mechanized planting mode is provided; grass-proof cloth is arranged on the slope surface 2 in the early stage, dense dragon fruit branches are covered in the later stage, and mowing cost and water and soil loss are reduced. In practice, the dragon fruits can enter the production phase results in a batch in advance, and economic benefits are generated in advance; all branches are consistent in orientation, and the dragon fruits are better and uniform in quality.
The ladder surface 1 is provided with a 5-10 cm distance from the obtuse angle frame 3, a dragon fruit planting ditch is formed along the direction of the ladder surface 1, fertilizer is applied in the ditch, dragon fruit plants are planted in the ditch, and the upper parts of dragon fruit branches are fixed on the traction rods 8 through binding ropes.
The end part of the supporting rod 5 is provided with a connecting piece 6. The bent frame formed by the obtuse angle frame 3, the acute angle frame 4 and the supporting rod 5 on the same ladder surface is convenient to extend, the supporting rod is convenient to connect, and the strength and the integrity are improved.
The pitch of the dragon fruit plants is 30-40 cm. The mu can be used for cutting 1111-1334 plants, the fruiting rate of the dragon fruits is not affected, and the yield is improved.
The stair surface 1 is planted with low herbaceous plants which are 5-10 cm away from the planting furrows of the dragon fruits, inhibit the growth of weeds in the dragon orchard and are not mutually exclusive with the dragon fruits. Is convenient for water and soil conservation and improves the survival rate of the dragon fruits.
In the planting ditch of the dragon fruit, after the dragon fruit is planted in the planting ditch, the planting ditch is lower than the ladder surface 1. Is convenient for utilizing rainwater, saves water source and improves the survival rate of the dragon fruits.
The width of the ladder face 1 is 1.8-2.2 m, and the height is 1-2.5 m.
The obtuse angle frame 3 is fixed at one end of the ladder surface 1, and is 5-10 cm away from the edge of the ladder surface 1.
The distance between the row bars 7 and the next layer of ladder surface 1 is 60-80 cm.
The obtuse angle frame 3 and the acute angle frame 4 are distributed along the edge of the ladder surface 1 at intervals of 3-4 m.
The row bars 7 are ropes or bamboo poles. Saving materials and reducing weight.
The angle of the slope surface 2 is 60-90 degrees.
The invention also provides a labor-saving planting method of the mountain dragon fruits, which efficiently utilizes the land, and comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting an obtuse angle frame 3 and an acute angle frame 4 along the outer side interval 3-4 m of a ladder surface 1, wherein one end of the obtuse angle frame 3 is connected with the top of the acute angle frame 4, the other end of the obtuse angle frame is fixed at a position 5-10 cm inside the edge of the ladder surface 1, the short side of the acute angle frame 4 is fixed on a slope surface 2, the long side of the acute angle frame 4 is fixed on the slope surface 2 or the ladder surface 1 of the next layer, a traction rod 8 is erected on the top of the obtuse angle frame 3, the height of the traction rod 8 from the ladder surface is 55-65cm, a supporting rod 5 is erected on the top of the acute angle frame 4, the horizontal distance of the supporting rod 5 from the ladder surface is 30-50 cm, the height from the ladder surface is 80-85 cm, and 1-2 row bars 7 are distributed on the long side of the acute angle frame 4.
Step two, paving grass protection cloth in the area outside the part of the slope surface 2 where the obtuse angle frame 3 is fixed on the ladder surface 1;
step three, ditching and applying base fertilizer at the position, which is 5-10 cm away from the obtuse angle frame 3, of the inner side of the position, where the obtuse angle frame 3 is fixed, of the tread 1, and stirring uniformly and is lower than the tread 1;
step four, 1-2 years old is intercepted, the length of a dragon fruit branch is 80-85 cm, all thorns of 70-75 cm below the branch are castrated, and the thorns of 10cm above the branch are reserved as cutting seedlings;
step five, cutting dragon fruit branches at the fertilizing position, cutting one branch every 30-40 cm, and binding and fixing the upper parts of the branches on the traction rod 8 by using binding ropes;
step six, after the branches root and sprout new shoots, each branch is reserved with a new shoot, urea is spread on the planting furrows in rainy days, and the branches are cut off and cultivated into first fruiting branches after growing and drooping to a position 50-60cm away from the next layer of ladder surface 1;
step seven, after the field planted branches germinate for the second batch of new shoots, 1 new shoot is selected and reserved on the left side and the right side respectively, after the new shoots grow to 20-25 cm, the new shoots are cut in a short way and fixed on the support rods 5, the new shoots are cultivated into fruiting parent branches;
step eight, after the fruiting parent branches are aged and sprout new shoots, respectively reserving one new shoot at each side, and after the branches grow and drop to a position 50-60cm away from the next layer of ladder surface 1, chopping, cultivating into second and third fruiting branches, thereby cultivating 6-8 fruiting branches in sequence, uniformly distributing the two sides of the planting main branches, spreading urea in the planting furrows in the new shoot growing period in rainy days every month.
In the sixth step and the eighth step, the density of the urea sprayed in the planting furrows in rainy days is 1-1.5 kg/667 square meters.
The method also comprises the following steps: after the planting of the dragon fruits is completed, sowing low-level herbaceous plants on the ladder surface 1, wherein the herbaceous plants are 5-10 cm away from the planting furrows of the dragon fruits, inhibit the growth of weeds in the dragon orchard, and are not mutually exclusive with the dragon fruits. Preferably, the grass seeds with large growth amount can be used for treating grass.
By utilizing the planting method for the ladder side 1 bent frame of the dragon fruits, 1111-1334 plants of the dragon fruits can be planted per mu, the land utilization rate is improved by more than 38%, and the yield is greatly improved; the operation of the farming is more convenient and labor-saving, personnel are not easy to be scratched by the dragon fruit thorns, the production efficiency is improved, the labor force is saved, and the mechanized operation of the farming is convenient; in practice, the dragon fruits can enter the production phase results in batches in advance, and the yield is improved.
Single pile planting and encrypted bent planting are statistically compared with the yield and the product quality (soluble solid matter) of the invention:
as can be seen from the table, the invention increases at least one batch of result batch in the current year in terms of yield, and in addition, the yield of the dragon fruits in the current year is increased by at least one time by combining factors such as the improvement of the land utilization rate and the like; and the yields in the next year and the full-bearing period are obviously improved, namely about one time of the next year, and the yield in the full-bearing period is improved by more than 55 percent. From the quality aspect, the dragon fruit has uniform quality and good quality, and the soluble solid is increased by more than 0.2% compared with the other two planting forms.
Claims (3)
1. A mountain land dragon fruit labor-saving planting method capable of efficiently utilizing land is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mountain dragon fruit labor-saving planting structure is adopted for planting, the mountain dragon fruit labor-saving planting structure comprises a ladder face (1), an obtuse angle frame (3) and an acute angle frame (4), wherein the obtuse angle frame (3) and the acute angle frame (4) are distributed along the edge of the ladder face (1), one end of the obtuse angle frame (3) is connected with the top of the acute angle frame (4), the other end of the obtuse angle frame is fixed in the edge of the ladder face (1), the edge of the ladder face (1) is a slope face (2), the short side of the acute angle frame (4) is fixed on the slope face (2), the long side of the acute angle frame (4) is fixed on the slope face (2) or the ladder face (1) of the next layer, a traction rod (8) is transversely arranged at the top of the obtuse angle frame (3), a supporting rod (5) is transversely arranged at the top of the obtuse angle frame (4), the supporting rod (5) is 30-50 cm away from the horizontal distance of the ladder face, the supporting rod (5) is 80-85 cm away from the height of the ladder face, 1-2 slope faces are distributed on the long sides of the acute angle frame (4), and grass-preventing strips (2) are paved;
a dragon fruit planting ditch is formed in the position, which is 5-10 cm away from the obtuse angle frame (3), of the ladder surface (1) along the direction of the ladder surface (1), fertilizer is applied in the ditch, dragon fruit plants are planted in the ditch, and the upper parts of dragon fruit branches are fixed on the traction rods (8) through binding ropes;
the planting groove of the dragon fruit is lower than the ladder surface (1) after the planting of the dragon fruit;
the planting method comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting an obtuse angle frame (3) and an acute angle frame (4) along the outer space 3-4 m of a tread (1), wherein one end of the obtuse angle frame (3) is connected with the top of the acute angle frame (4), the other end of the obtuse angle frame is fixed at a position within 5-10 cm of the edge of the tread (1), the short side of the acute angle frame (4) is fixed on a slope (2), the long side of the acute angle frame (4) is fixed on the slope (2) or the tread (1) of the next layer, a traction rod (8) is transversely arranged at the top of the obtuse angle frame (3), the height of the traction rod (8) from the tread is 55-65cm, a supporting rod (5) is erected at the top of the acute angle frame (4), the horizontal distance of the supporting rod (5) from the tread is 30-50 cm, the height from the tread is 80-85 cm, and 1-2 row bars (7) are distributed on the long side of the acute angle frame (4);
step two, paving grass protection cloth in the area outside the part of the slope surface (2) and the fixed obtuse angle frame (3) of the ladder surface (1);
step three, ditching and applying base fertilizer at a position, which is 5-10 cm away from the obtuse angle frame (3), on the inner side of the position of the obtuse angle frame (3) fixed on the tread (1), and uniformly stirring and is lower than the tread (1);
step four, 1-2 years old is intercepted, the length of a dragon fruit branch is 80-85 cm, all thorns of 70-75 cm below the branch are castrated, and the thorns of 10cm above the branch are reserved as cutting seedlings;
step five, cutting dragon fruit branches at the fertilizing position, cutting one branch every 30-40 cm, and binding and fixing the upper parts of the branches on a traction rod (8) by using binding ropes;
step six, after rooting and sprouting new shoots, each shoot is reserved with a new shoot, urea is spread on a planting ditch in rainy days, and the shoots are cut off and cultivated into first fruiting shoots after growing and drooping to a position 50-60cm away from the next layer of ladder surface (1);
step seven, after the field planted branches germinate for the second batch of new shoots, 1 new shoot is selected and reserved on the left side and the right side respectively, after the new shoots grow to 20-25 cm, the new shoots are cut off, and after the new shoots are fixed on the support rods (5), the new shoots are cultivated into fruiting parent branches;
step eight, after the fruiting parent branches are aged and sprout new shoots, reserving one new shoot on each side, and after the branches grow and drop to a position 50-60cm away from the next layer of ladder surface (1), chopping, cultivating into second and third fruiting branches, thereby cultivating 6-8 fruiting branches in sequence, uniformly distributing the two sides of the planting main branches, spreading urea in the planting furrows in the new shoot growing period in a rainy day every month;
and the method further comprises the step of broadcasting low-level herbaceous plants on the ladder surface (1) after the pitaya planting is completed, wherein the herbaceous plants are 5-10 cm away from the pitaya planting groove, so that the growth of weeds in a pitaya orchard is inhibited, and the herbaceous plants are not mutually exclusive with the pitaya.
2. The mountain land dragon fruit labor-saving planting method capable of efficiently utilizing land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the end part of the supporting rod (5) is provided with a connecting piece (6).
3. The mountain land dragon fruit labor-saving planting method capable of efficiently utilizing land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step and the eighth step, the density of the urea sprayed in the planting furrows in rainy days is 1-1.5 kg/667 square meters.
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| CN109496720A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-22 | 天津市津玖红农业科技有限公司 | A kind of trapezoidal implantation methods of dragon fruit |
| CN210746398U (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2020-06-16 | 酒泉市林果服务中心 | Stereoscopic double-layer cultivation frame for pitaya in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN211090910U (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-07-28 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Simple and easy dragon fruit cultivation frame |
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| CN206413478U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-08-18 | 杨凌壹分耘农业科技有限公司 | A kind of dragon fruit cultivating stand for being suitable to northern greenhouse intensive cropping |
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Application publication date: 20210907 Assignee: Guizhou Jiatong Ecological Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Guizhou Institute of Fruit Tree Science (Guizhou Citrus Research Institute)|Guizhou Provincial Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Engineering Technology Center|Guizhou Dragon Fruit Research Institute Contract record no.: X2024520000002 Denomination of invention: Efficient utilization of land for labor-saving planting structure and methods of mountain dragon fruit Granted publication date: 20231024 License type: Common License Record date: 20240411 |