CN112913562A - Planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges - Google Patents
Planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112913562A CN112913562A CN202110197342.7A CN202110197342A CN112913562A CN 112913562 A CN112913562 A CN 112913562A CN 202110197342 A CN202110197342 A CN 202110197342A CN 112913562 A CN112913562 A CN 112913562A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- planting
- seedlings
- citrus
- elephantopus scaber
- orchard
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 244000110343 Elephantopus scaber Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000004429 Bacillary Dysentery Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010010741 Conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017553 Furuncle Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005577 Gastroenteritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017915 Gastroenteritis shigella Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010006451 bronchitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005113 shigellosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010044008 tonsillitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges, which comprises the following steps: selecting garden, selecting areas with fertile soil and loose soil layers, wherein the pH value is 5.5-6.5, and the gentle slope zone is rich in organic matters, faces the sun and is leeward; building a drainage ditch and an orchard ditch on an orchard, wherein the drainage ditch is connected with the orchard ditch, then building planting pits on the surface of a furrow, applying green manure and power-assisted fertilizer at the bottom of the planting pits, then covering surface soil, applying organic fertilizer, piling up a soil pile higher than the ground, and then planting citrus seedlings, wherein the row spacing of the citrus seedlings is 4-6m, and the planting density is 40-60 plants/mu; planting elephantopus scaber on citrus land; according to the growth conditions of the citrus and the elephantopus scaber, the staged orchard management of topdressing, watering, weeding and pest control is performed, the defects of the prior art are overcome, the yield of the elephantopus scaber and the citrus is improved, and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly belongs to a planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber and citrus.
Background
Herba Ajugae is also called herba Elephantopi scaberis head, and is also called herba Elephantopi scaberis head, herba Sonchi arvensis, JIKUAICHAN, radix Stellariae, radix Diospermi Bipinnatae, and radix Hemsleyae Macrospermae. Perennial upright herbs belong to wild plants and mostly grow in valleys, villages and roadside. Is distributed in southern provinces of China, such as Guizhou province in Guangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, province, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Fujian, Zhejiang. Especially in Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian provinces. Eating: the root system of elephantopus scaber has unique fragrance and efficacy, and is widely used as food material in southern China, especially as soup cooking raw material in two regions. The demand is large, the selling price is high, 10-15 yuan per kg, and the acre output value reaches 5000-. The medicine is as follows: herba elephantopi mainly uses root (or whole herb) as medicine, has bitter taste and cold property, has the functions of clearing heat, cooling blood, detoxifying and promoting diuresis, has the functions of resisting inflammation, resisting bacteria, protecting liver, resisting tumor, relieving cough and relieving asthma, and can be used for treating cold, bacillary dysentery, gastroenteritis, tonsillitis, pharyngolaryngitis, conjunctivitis, hepatitis, bronchitis, furuncle, jaundice, nephritic edema, eczema and other diseases.
The citrus is planted as the first big fruit in China at present, 3971 thousand acres in 2018 and 836 thousand acres in Guangxi, and the elephantopus scaber is interplanted in the citrus orchard, so that the problems of few people and limited land resources in China can be effectively solved, the multiple cropping index is improved, and the output value is increased. By interplanting the elephantopus scaber, manual weeding or chemical weeding in the orchard can be avoided, the humidity of the orchard can be increased, the ecological environment of the orchard can be improved, and the production cost can be saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in citrus, which overcomes the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting garden lands, selecting areas with fertile soil and loose soil layers, wherein the pH value is 5.5-6.5, and the gentle slope areas are rich in organic matters, face the sun and are leeward;
s2, constructing a drainage ditch and an orchard ditch on the orchard, wherein the drainage ditch is connected with the orchard ditch, then forming planting pits on the surface of the ridge, applying green manure and power-assisted fertilizer at the bottom of the planting pits, then covering surface soil, applying organic fertilizer, piling up soil piles higher than the ground, and then planting citrus seedlings, wherein the row spacing of the citrus seedlings is 4-6m, and the planting density is 40-60 plants/mu;
s3, planting elephantopus scaber on the citrus ground;
and S4, performing staged orchard management of topdressing, watering, weeding and pest control according to the growth conditions of the citrus and the elephantopus scaber.
Preferably, the citrus seedlings planted in step S2 are virus-free container seedlings, the height of the seedlings is more than 60cm, the trunk thickness of 2cm above the grafting opening is more than 0.8cm, the height of the grafting opening is more than 15cm, more than 3 branches are provided, no bent neck exists, the main root is straight, and the root system is evenly and completely distributed.
Preferably, the booster fertilizer in the step S2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of lime, 6-8 parts of beef peptone, 15-20 parts of wine residue and 3-5 parts of phosphogypsum.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer preparation method in step S2 includes the following steps, in parts by weight, of each raw material:
a) uniformly mixing 25 parts of straw powder and 30-40 parts of livestock manure, and stacking and fermenting at normal temperature to obtain a fermented product A;
b) adding zymocyte into the mixture A according to the weight ratio of 1:80-100, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 24 hours at normal temperature, then adding sodium tartrate with the weight 4-8 times of that of the zymocyte to perform stacking fermentation, keeping for 3-4 hours after the fermentation temperature reaches 50-60 ℃, turning over piles and fermenting again, keeping for 3-4 hours after the fermentation temperature reaches 50-60 ℃, repeating for 5-6 times, and fermenting to obtain the organic fertilizer;
preferably, the zymocyte is a solid microbial compound strain.
Preferably, the method for planting elephantopus scaber in step S3 is:
plowing an orchard after citrus is planted, applying 200-225kg of organic fertilizer to each mu of the orchard, breaking soil blocks, forming flat-bottom shallow holes with the width of 3-4cm according to the row spacing of 20cm and 15cm, wetting the planting holes with 5-10% of human excrement or 10-15% of biogas slurry according to the water content of soil, planting 8 seeds/hole in the shallow holes, generally planting 1.5-2kg of the seeds per mu, covering fine manure, plant ash, fine mud and salicylic acid in a ratio of 5: 2: 3: 0.4 with fertile soil of 0.5-0.6cm in the holes after planting, keeping the soil in a moist state after planting, carrying out 1 thinning when seedlings grow to about 3 leaves, carrying out final singling when the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves, carrying out dense planting, rare planting, removing weak and strong seedlings, simultaneously selecting strong seedlings for supplementing, carrying out uniform seedling and plant growth, observing the growth condition of the seedlings and weak seedling application according to the principle of thin and strong seedlings, 5 to 10 percent of human excrement or 10 to 15 percent of biogas slurry water is applied for 1 time, and particularly, thin root fixing water is applied to the seedlings for supplementing the seedlings so as to survive.
Preferably, the method for planting elephantopus scaber in step S3 is: transplanting the elephantopus scaber seedlings, fertilizing and turning the orchard 2-3 days before transplanting, applying 175 plus one of organic fertilizer and 225kg as base fertilizer to each mu, after fertilizing and turning, planting in shallow holes or shallow transverse ditches with the width of about 8cm according to the row spacing of 20cm plus 15cm, planting 2-3 seedlings in each hole, and then applying root fixing water of 3% human excrement or 5% biogas liquid water in a hole-pointing manner after planting so that the root systems of the seedlings are in close contact with the soil, thereby being beneficial to shortening the seedling-reviving period and improving the survival rate;
7-10 days after the seedlings are transplanted, 1 time of whole garden inspection is carried out when the seedlings are directly sown and fixed, reserved strong seedlings are selected in time for filling, after filling, 3% thin human excrement or 5% biogas slurry water is used for watering root water, if meeting sunny and hot weather, the sun is preferably shaded for 2-3 days, so that the survival of the seedlings is facilitated, the seedling revival period is shortened, the seedlings are promoted to catch up with the growth progress of other plants, and the growth of the full seedlings and the plants is ensured to be uniform.
Preferably, the step S4 further comprises removing buds when the elephantopus scaber bud, concentrating nutrient supply for rhizome growth, and promoting rhizome yield.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following implementation effects:
1. according to the method, the citrus and the elephantopus scaber are interplanted, the yield of the elephantopus scaber per mu can reach 434 kilograms, the yield per mu can reach 8000-plus 8500 yuan RMB, manual weeding or chemical weeding in an orchard is avoided after interplanting, or black film laying is adopted for weed prevention, the production cost per mu is saved by more than 150 yuan per year, and meanwhile, the yield of the citrus is increased by 5% -8%.
2. The invention uses beef peptone and phosphogypsum, effectively prolongs the fertilizer effect of the green manure, and improves the yield of the citrus.
3. In the preparation process of the organic fertilizer, the sodium tartrate is used as the additive, so that the fermentation time of the organic fertilizer is effectively shortened, and meanwhile, the sodium tartrate promotes the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer, so that the yield of the elephantopus scaber and the citrus is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Selecting a region with fertile soil and loose and thick soil layer, wherein the pH value is 5.5, and the region is a gentle slope region which is rich in organic matters and faces the sun and is leeward; building a drainage ditch and an orchard ditch on an orchard, wherein the drainage ditch is 80cm deep and 80cm wide and is connected with the orchard ditch (20 cm deep and 20cm wide), then building a planting pit on the surface of the furrow, wherein the length, width, depth and 70, 70 and 70cm, applying 5kg of green manure (weeds, branches and leaves and the like) and 3kg of power-assisted fertilizer (the power-assisted fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5 parts of lime, 8 parts of beef peptone, 20 parts of wine residues and 3 parts of phosphogypsum) at the bottom of the planting pit, then covering surface soil, applying the organic fertilizer, piling up into a soil pile higher than the ground, then planting citrus seedlings, and planting the row spacing of the citrus seedlings is 4m, and the planting density is 40 plants/mu.
The citrus seedlings planted are virus-free container seedlings, the height of the seedlings is more than 60cm, the trunk thickness of a 2cm position above a grafting opening is more than 0.8cm, the height of the grafting opening is more than 15cm, more than 3 branches are provided, no bent neck is formed, the main roots are straight, and the root systems are evenly and completely distributed.
Then, planting elephantopus scaber on the citrus land; when direct seeding is adopted, an orchard is ploughed after citrus is planted, 225kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of seedlings, soil blocks are broken, flat-bottom shallow holes with the width of 3cm are formed according to the row spacing of 20cm and 15cm, 10% of human excrement or 10% of biogas slurry water is used for watering and seeding the holes according to the water content condition of soil, about 8 seeds/hole are sowed in the shallow holes, the seed amount of each mu is 1.5kg, fine column manure, plant ash, fine mud and salicylic acid are covered in the holes after seeding, the soil is 0.6cm in the ratio of 5: 2: 3: 0.4, the soil is kept in a moist state after seeding, 1-time seedling cultivation is carried out when the seedlings grow to about 3 leaves, the seedling cultivation is carried out when the seedlings grow to 5 leaves, dense seedling deletion and sparse remaining are carried out, weak seedling removal and strong seedling are carried out, meanwhile, the seedlings are selected for filling up, the growth of the whole seedlings is kept, the plants are grown evenly, the growth condition of the seedlings is observed when the seedlings are planted, the seedling growth condition is that the seedling is carried out according to the principle of thin and strong seedling application, the 10% of the manure or 10% of the water is paid attention to the lack of, in order to survive.
Planting elephantopus scaber on citrus land, applying fertilizer and turning till the orchard is transplanted 3 days before transplanting, applying 175kg of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer to each mu, after applying fertilizer and turning till the orchard is planted in shallow holes or shallow transverse ditches with the width of about 8cm according to the row spacing of 20cm and 15cm, planting 3 seedlings in each hole, and then applying root fixing water of 3% human excrement or 5% biogas liquid water in the holes after planting so that the root systems of the seedlings are in close contact with the soil, thereby being beneficial to shortening the seedling reviving period and improving the survival rate; 10 days after the seedlings are transplanted, 1 time of whole garden inspection is carried out when direct seeding and final singling are carried out, reserved strong seedlings are selected in time for filling, after filling, 3% thin human excrement or 5% biogas slurry water is used for watering root water, if meeting sunny and hot weather, the sun is preferably shaded for 3 days, so that the survival of the seedlings is facilitated, the seedling revival period is shortened, the seedlings are promoted to catch up with the growth progress of other plants, and the growth of the seedlings is guaranteed, and the plants are homogenized.
And finally, performing staged orchard management of topdressing, watering, weeding and pest control according to the growth conditions of the citrus and the elephantopus scaber. In the orchard management process, when the buds of the elephantopus scaber are formed, the buds are removed, and nutrients are concentrated to supply roots and stems for growth so as to promote the yield of the roots and the stems. The orange is pruned by adopting a simple pruning method, the tree shape is an open heart shape with four or more branches, the tree shape looks like a round head, and the base of the tree shape is still the open heart shape without a central stem. The upper and lower parts of the tree crown can have a large number of results. The ease of trimming can be adjusted by the amount of results. The key point is that no long tip is extracted from the top. And (4) properly opening a skylight and a side window, removing overgrown branches, crossed branches and bent branches which grow vertically, cutting off branch tips below 60cm away from the ground, and erasing summer tips in time. In spring, only light shearing can be carried out, mainly thinning shearing.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing 25 parts of straw powder and 40 parts of livestock manure, and stacking and fermenting at normal temperature to obtain a fermented substance A; adding zymophyte which is a solid microorganism composite strain into a mixture A of zymophyte and a mixture A in a weight ratio of 1:90, uniformly mixing, fermenting at normal temperature for 24 hours, then adding sodium tartrate with the weight 8 times that of the zymophyte, stacking and fermenting, keeping for 3 hours after the fermentation temperature reaches 60 ℃, turning over and fermenting again, keeping for 3 hours after the fermentation temperature reaches 60 ℃, repeating the steps for 6 times, and fermenting to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 2
Selecting a region with fertile soil and loose soil layer, wherein the pH value is 6, and the gentle slope region is rich in organic matters, faces the sun and is leeward; building a drainage ditch and an orchard ditch on an orchard, wherein the drainage ditch is 80cm deep and 80cm wide and is connected with the orchard ditch (30 cm deep and 30cm wide), then building a planting pit on the surface of the furrow, wherein the length, width, depth and 70cm are 70, applying 5kg of green manure (weeds, branches and leaves and the like) and 3kg of power-assisted fertilizer (the power-assisted fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5 parts of lime, 8 parts of beef peptone, 15 parts of wine residues and 5 parts of phosphogypsum) at the bottom of the planting pit, then covering surface soil, applying the organic fertilizer, piling up into a soil pile higher than the ground, then planting citrus seedlings, and planting the row spacing of the citrus seedlings is 6m, and the planting density is 60 plants/mu.
The citrus seedlings planted are virus-free container seedlings, the height of the seedlings is more than 60cm, the trunk thickness of a 2cm position above a grafting opening is more than 0.8cm, the height of the grafting opening is more than 15cm, more than 3 branches are provided, no bent neck is formed, the main roots are straight, and the root systems are evenly and completely distributed.
Then, planting elephantopus scaber on the citrus land; when direct seeding is adopted, an orchard is ploughed after citrus is planted, 225kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of seedlings, soil blocks are broken, flat-bottom shallow holes with the width of 4cm are formed according to the row spacing of 20cm and 15cm, 5% of human excrement or 15% of biogas slurry water is used for watering and seeding the holes according to the water content condition of soil, about 8 seeds/hole are sowed in the shallow holes, the seed amount of each mu is 1.5kg, fine column manure, plant ash, fine mud and salicylic acid are covered in the holes after seeding, the fertile soil is 0.6cm in the ratio of 5: 2: 3: 0.4, the soil is kept in a moist state after seeding, 1-time seedling cultivation is carried out when the seedlings grow to about 3 leaves, the seedling cultivation is carried out when the seedlings grow to 5 leaves, dense seedling deletion and thin seedling removal are carried out, weak seedling remaining strong seedling removal is carried out, meanwhile, the seedlings are selected for filling up, the growth of the whole seedlings is kept, the plants are grown evenly, the seedling growth condition is observed when the seedlings are planted, the seedling growth condition is followed, the principle of applying the thin manure with the thin and strong seedling application is that the water is applied according to the lack of the thin seedling, particularly, the water is, in order to survive.
Planting elephantopus scaber on citrus land, applying fertilizer and turning over the orchard 2 days before transplanting, applying 225kg of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu, applying fertilizer and turning over, planting 3 seedlings in each hole according to row spacing of 20cm x 15cm and shallow holes or shallow transverse ditches with the width of about 8cm, and then applying root fixing water of 3% human excrement or 5% biogas liquid water in each hole, so that the root system of the seedlings is in close contact with the soil, the seedling reviving period is shortened, and the survival rate is improved; 10 days after the seedlings are transplanted, 1 time of whole garden inspection is carried out when direct seeding and final singling are carried out, reserved strong seedlings are selected in time for filling, after filling, 3% thin human excrement or 5% biogas slurry water is used for watering root water, if meeting sunny and hot weather, the sun is preferably shaded for 3 days, so that the survival of the seedlings is facilitated, the seedling revival period is shortened, the seedlings are promoted to catch up with the growth progress of other plants, and the growth of the seedlings is guaranteed, and the plants are homogenized.
And finally, performing staged orchard management of topdressing, watering, weeding and pest control according to the growth conditions of the citrus and the elephantopus scaber. In the orchard management process, when the buds of the elephantopus scaber are formed, the buds are removed, nutrients are concentrated to supply roots and stems to grow, and the yield of the roots and the stems is promoted. The orange is pruned, the tree form is an open heart shape with four or more branches, the shape looks like a round head, and the base of the tree form is still the open heart shape without a central stem. And (5) performing internal and external three-dimensional results. The upper and lower parts of the tree crown can have a large number of results. The simplified pruning may be adjusted with the amount of results. The key is that no long tips are extracted from the top. And (4) properly opening a skylight and a side window, removing overgrown branches, crossed branches and bent branches which grow vertically, cutting off branch tips below 60cm away from the ground, and erasing summer tips in time. In spring, only light shearing can be carried out, mainly thinning shearing.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing 25 parts of straw powder and 30 parts of livestock manure, and stacking and fermenting at normal temperature to obtain a fermented substance A; adding zymophyte which is a solid microorganism composite strain into a mixture A of zymophyte and a mixture A in a weight ratio of 1:80, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 24 hours at normal temperature, then adding sodium tartrate with the weight 4 times that of the zymophyte, stacking and fermenting, keeping for 3 hours after the fermentation temperature reaches 55 ℃, turning and fermenting again, keeping for 3 hours after the fermentation temperature reaches 55 ℃, repeating the steps for 6 times, and fermenting to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the adding amount of the beef peptone in the booster fertilizer is 0.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the addition amount of the organic fertilizer sodium tartrate is 0.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that salicylic acid is used in an amount of 0.
Under the same planting management conditions, 3 acres of citrus and elephantopus scaber were planted per planting method according to the methods in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3, and at the 2 nd year of citrus harvest, the germination rate of elephantopus scaber and the yield of elephantopus scaber and citrus were calculated, respectively, and the average yield per acre and the emergence rate per acre of elephantopus scaber were calculated, and the results are shown in the following table:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Citrus fruit yield kg | 4685 | 4721 | 4213 | 3895 | 4486 |
| Yield of elephantopus scaber is kg | 427 | 434 | 416 | 367 | 399 |
| Emergence rate of elephantopus scaber% | 96 | 98 | 97 | 87 | 74 |
The data show that the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer is effectively promoted by using the sodium tartrate, so that the yield of the elephantopus scaber and the citrus is improved, the fertilizer efficiency of the green manure is effectively prolonged by using the beef peptone in combination with the phosphogypsum, the yield of the citrus is improved, and the emergence rate of the elephantopus scaber is improved by using the salicylic acid in combination with the manure, the plant ash and the fine mud.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, selecting garden lands, selecting areas with fertile soil and loose soil layers, wherein the pH value is 5.5-6.5, and the gentle slope areas are rich in organic matters, face the sun and are leeward;
s2, constructing a drainage ditch and an orchard ditch on the orchard, wherein the drainage ditch is connected with the orchard ditch, then constructing planting pits on the surface of the ridge, applying green manure and power-assisted fertilizer at the bottom of the planting pits, then covering surface soil, applying organic fertilizer, piling up soil piles higher than the ground, and then planting citrus seedlings, wherein the row spacing of the citrus seedlings is 4-6m, and the planting density is 40-60 plants/mu;
s3, planting elephantopus scaber on the citrus ground;
and S4, performing staged orchard management of topdressing, watering, weeding and pest control according to the growth conditions of the citrus and the elephantopus scaber.
2. The planting method for interplanting citrus and elephantopus scaber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the citrus seedlings planted in the step S2 are virus-free container seedlings, the height of the seedlings is more than 60cm, the trunk thickness of a position 2cm above a grafting opening is more than 0.8cm, the height of the grafting opening is more than 15cm, more than 3 branches are arranged, no bent neck exists, the main roots are straight, and the root systems are evenly and completely distributed.
3. The planting method for interplanting citrus and elephantopus scaber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the booster fertilizer in the step S2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of lime, 6-8 parts of beef peptone, 15-20 parts of wine residue and 3-5 parts of phosphogypsum.
4. The planting method for interplanting citrus and elephantopus scaber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of the organic fertilizer in the step S2 comprises the following steps of:
a) uniformly mixing 25 parts of straw powder and 30-40 parts of livestock manure, and stacking and fermenting at normal temperature to obtain a fermented product A;
b) adding zymophyte according to the weight ratio of zymophyte to mixture A of 1:80-100, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 24h at normal temperature, then adding sodium tartrate with the weight of 4-8 times of that of the zymophyte to carry out stacking fermentation, keeping for 3-4 h after the fermentation temperature reaches 50-60 ℃, turning over piles and fermenting again, keeping for 3-4 h after the fermentation temperature reaches 50-60 ℃, repeating for 5-6 times, and fermenting to obtain the organic fertilizer.
5. The planting method for interplanting citrus and elephantopus scaber according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the zymocyte is a solid microorganism compound strain.
6. The planting method for interplanting citrus and elephantopus scaber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method for planting elephantopus scaber in step S3 comprises the following steps:
plowing an orchard after citrus is planted, applying 200-225kg of organic fertilizer to each mu of the orchard, breaking soil blocks, forming flat-bottom shallow holes with the width of 3-4cm according to the row spacing of 20cm and 15cm, wetting the planting holes with 5-10% of human excrement or 10-15% of biogas slurry according to the water content of soil, planting 8 seeds/hole in the shallow holes, generally planting 1.5-2kg of the seeds per mu, covering fine manure, plant ash, fine mud and salicylic acid in a ratio of 5: 2: 3: 0.4 with fertile soil of 0.5-0.6cm in the holes after planting, keeping the soil in a moist state after planting, carrying out 1 thinning when seedlings grow to about 3 leaves, carrying out final singling when the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves, carrying out dense planting, rare planting, removing weak and strong seedlings, simultaneously selecting strong seedlings for supplementing, carrying out uniform seedling and plant growth, observing the growth condition of the seedlings and weak seedling application according to the principle of thin and strong seedlings, 5 to 10 percent of human excrement or 10 to 15 percent of biogas slurry water is applied for 1 time, and particularly, thin root fixing water is applied to the seedlings for supplementing the seedlings so as to survive.
7. The planting method for interplanting citrus and elephantopus scaber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method for planting elephantopus scaber in step S3 comprises the following steps: transplanting the elephantopus scaber seedlings, fertilizing and turning the orchard 2-3 days before transplanting, applying 175 plus one of organic fertilizer and 225kg as base fertilizer to each mu, after fertilizing and turning, planting in shallow holes or shallow transverse ditches with the width of about 8cm according to the row spacing of 20cm plus 15cm, planting 2-3 seedlings in each hole, and then applying root fixing water of 3% human excrement or 5% biogas liquid water in a hole-pointing manner after planting so that the root systems of the seedlings are in close contact with the soil, thereby being beneficial to shortening the seedling-reviving period and improving the survival rate;
7-10 days after the transplantation of the seedlings, when the direct seeding seedlings are settled, 1 time of whole garden inspection is carried out, reserved strong seedlings are selected in time for filling, after filling, 3% thin human excrement and urine or 5% biogas slurry water is used for watering root water, if meeting sunny and hot weather, the sun is preferably shaded for 2-3 days, so that the survival of the seedlings is facilitated, the seedling revival period is shortened, and the growth of the full seedlings and uniform plants is ensured.
8. The planting method for interplanting citrus and elephantopus scaber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step S4 also includes removing bud when herba Ajugae bud appears, concentrating nutrient to supply rhizome growth, and promoting rhizome yield.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110197342.7A CN112913562A (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110197342.7A CN112913562A (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112913562A true CN112913562A (en) | 2021-06-08 |
Family
ID=76170097
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110197342.7A Pending CN112913562A (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112913562A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103548535A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Inter-planting method of elephantopusscaber in rubber plantation |
| CN106565316A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-19 | 李其珍 | Manganese silicon fertilizer dedicated to rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN108040711A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-18 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | Citrus interplants the implantation methods of sweet potato |
| CN108055958A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-05-22 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of method that peppermint is interplanted in citrus orchard |
| CN110199756A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-06 | 广西鸣鸣果业有限公司 | Green manure cultural method is planted between a kind of fertile mandarin orange plantation |
| CN110235672A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆康调农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of citrus |
-
2021
- 2021-02-22 CN CN202110197342.7A patent/CN112913562A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103548535A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Inter-planting method of elephantopusscaber in rubber plantation |
| CN106565316A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-19 | 李其珍 | Manganese silicon fertilizer dedicated to rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN108055958A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-05-22 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of method that peppermint is interplanted in citrus orchard |
| CN108040711A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-18 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | Citrus interplants the implantation methods of sweet potato |
| CN110235672A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆康调农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of citrus |
| CN110199756A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-06 | 广西鸣鸣果业有限公司 | Green manure cultural method is planted between a kind of fertile mandarin orange plantation |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 严涛;陈金龙;唐桂成;谷云松;邓丽君;陈列标;伍绍军;: "耒阳市砂糖橘优质高产栽培技术", 农业科技通讯, no. 07, pages 270 - 272 * |
| 朱庆竖;郭巨先;: "砂糖橘优质高产关键栽培技术", 安徽农业科学, no. 14, pages 3540 - 3541 * |
| 郑世炎;胡伟平;杜一新;: "地胆草人工栽培技术", 上海农业科技, no. 05, pages 80 - 81 * |
| 陈建章;: "雪柑丰产优质栽培技术", 福建农业科技, no. 05, pages 58 - 60 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110012788B (en) | Cultivation method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp | |
| CN104620813B (en) | A kind of normalized planting method of medicinal plant blackberry lily | |
| CN103262730A (en) | Cultivating and planting method of high quality and high yield largehead atractylodes rhizome | |
| AU2020102400A4 (en) | Large-scale field planting method of Ficus tikoua Bureau in autumn | |
| CN102783350A (en) | Seedling culture method capable of improving emergence rate of gentiana crassicaulis | |
| CN102379197A (en) | Aleurites montana large-area seedling raising method | |
| CN107889718A (en) | A kind of cultural method of Jasmine | |
| CN105052654A (en) | Dragon fruit cultivation method | |
| CN106688542A (en) | Fertilizing and simplified planting method based on rape-rice-rice triple cropping system | |
| CN105145133A (en) | Eggplant cultivation method at middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River after later autumn | |
| CN107197672A (en) | A kind of balloonflower root efficient cultivation method | |
| CN103125248A (en) | Cultivation method of organic ginseng | |
| CN1754424A (en) | Five-finger fig root standarded and industrilized seed breeding planting method | |
| CN109769566A (en) | A kind of Chinese toon dwarfing high-density planting methods | |
| CN109673409A (en) | A kind of cultural method of Edible chrysanthemum | |
| CN114246098A (en) | Method for planting traditional Chinese medicine holly under pine trees and interplanting baphicacanthus cusia | |
| CN103843603B (en) | The method of hot red pepper and aquatic vegetable Control By Crop Rotation continuous cropping obstacle | |
| CN112913562A (en) | Planting method for interplanting elephantopus scaber in oranges | |
| CN112425467A (en) | Planting method of flowering cabbage | |
| CN112119827A (en) | Method for planting peppers | |
| CN111418466A (en) | Efficient bletilla striata weeding method | |
| CN106171332A (en) | A kind of Folium Perillae high-yield cultivation technique | |
| CN101180945A (en) | Method for breeding space soybean new species and cultural technique | |
| CN110338025A (en) | A kind of method of fast-growing crape myrtle-Chinese herbaceous peony-mung bean intercropping plant | |
| LU503406B1 (en) | Cutting propagation method of guiding yunwu tea suitable for karst area |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |