CN110012788B - Cultivation method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp - Google Patents
Cultivation method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp Download PDFInfo
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
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- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation methods of flower-leaf type industrial hemp, which at least comprises the following steps: 1) deep hole application of base fertilizer, and 2) planting of small-population large-population individuals. And (3) deeply applying the base fertilizer in holes, specifically, after the ridge moisture process is finished, digging ponds according to the distance between every two ponds and 0.8-1 m, wherein the depth of each pond is 15-20cm, and applying the base fertilizer at the bottoms of the ponds: and uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the soil, filling the mixture into the pond, and covering the pond with the soil. Planting large individuals of small groups, specifically, setting a row spacing of 1.2-1.8 m on the basis of a pond spacing of 0.8-1 m, wherein each 667m2Planting 400-800 industrial hemp. The method provided by the invention is applied to industrial hemp planting, and has the advantages of strong operability, good effect, wide adaptability and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a flower-leaf type industrial hemp cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of special crop production methods.
Background
The application of industrial hemp relates to the fields of medicine, cosmetology, health care, food, textile, bioengineering material, paper making, military need and other light industries, and the flower-leaf type industrial hemp especially aiming at extracting Cannabidiol (CBD) is developed very rapidly in recent years. Cannabidiol has multiple functions of resisting inflammation, easing pain, resisting anxiety, resisting spasm, resisting tumor and the like, and has wide application prospects in multiple fields of medicine, beauty treatment, health care and the like. The flower-leaf industrial hemp is a raw material crop extracted from cannabidiol, has strong adaptability to the environment, is an optimal crop for development and utilization in barren slopes, and particularly has unique advantages in the aspects of industrial structure optimization, accurate industry poverty alleviation and the like in some regions of China. In order to meet the requirement of rapid development of CBD development, in China in recent years, particularly in some provinces represented by Yunnan, the production scale of the mosaic industrial hemp (CBD raw material) is rapidly enlarged, but as the development time is short and the technology accumulation is insufficient, most of the hemp cultivation methods are adopted, the mosaic yield, the quality are not high and unstable, the production cost is high, the benefit and the enthusiasm of growers are seriously influenced, and the shortage of raw material supply also indirectly influences the benefit of a cannabidiol processing enterprise and is not favorable for industrial development. Therefore, the establishment of the high-yield high-quality high-efficiency feasible flower-leaf industrial hemp cultivation method suitable for the national conditions of China has very important value for breaking through the bottleneck of industrial raw material production and promoting industrial development.
Based on years of repeated tests and demonstration application results, the flower-leaf industrial hemp cultivation method provided by the invention introduces a brand new concept to change the traditional planting technical mode, can effectively solve the technical problem of the current flower-leaf industrial hemp planting, and has no public report the same as that of the invention after literature retrieval.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of planting the mosaic industrial hemp and provides the mosaic industrial hemp cultivation method which is strong in operability, good in effect, wide in adaptability and low in cost.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a cultivation method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp, which at least comprises the following steps: 1) deep hole application of base fertilizer, and 2) planting of small-population large-population individuals. The contents of the two parts should be met simultaneously so as to ensure the technical purpose of high-yield and high-efficiency planting of industrial hemp in the later period.
Further, the step 1) of deep hole application of the base fertilizer is specifically that after the ridge moisture process is finished, ponds are dug according to the distance between the ponds and 0.8-1 m, the ponds are 10-15 cm deep, the base fertilizer is applied to the ponds, the base fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed, and then the soil with the thickness of 3cm is covered. Further, the step 2) of planting the large small-population large-population plants is to set a row spacing of 1.2-1.8 m on the basis of a pond spacing of 0.8-1 m, wherein each 667m is2Planting 400-800 industrial hemp.
Further, the cultivation method also comprises a step of mulching, specifically, a black mulching film with the width of 1.2m is selected for laying, and the edge is compacted.
Further, the cultivation method further comprises a seedling raising and transplanting step, specifically, seedling raising is carried out 20-25 days before a transplanting period by using a 200-hole seedling raising tray or a mini nutrition bag with an upper opening diameter of 5-7 cm and added with a tobacco seedling raising substrate or a vegetable seedling raising substrate; when the hemp seedlings grow to 15cm in height, and soil of a field is selected to be wet, the seedlings are taken with soil/matrix, the nutrition bags are torn off, the seedlings are transplanted into a pond, and rooting water is thoroughly poured.
Further, the cultivation method also comprises the step of cutting down the male ramie, specifically, the male ramie is a male plant of industrial hemp; beginning in 8 middle of the month, the male ramie appears buds in succession, and the male ramie is immediately cut off and should be completely cut off when the male ramie can be identified. The male hemp leaves can be collected, dried in the sun and stored; the cutting of the male ramie must be timely (before the male ramie blooms), thorough and clean, so that the male ramie needs to be inspected in the field for many times, found in time and cut in time;
further, the cultivation method also comprises a top dressing step, wherein the top dressing frequency is set to be 3 times, and the 1 st time is when the height of the industrial hemp seedlings is 50-60 cm; when the height of the industrial hemp seedlings is 100-150 cm in the second time; the 3 rd time is carried out after the cutting of the male ramie; the top dressing mode is that urea is used as the main material, 10g is applied to each pond for the 1 st time, 15g is applied to each pond for the 2 nd time and the 3 rd time, the hemp seedlings are annularly fertilized, and the fertilizer is evenly mixed with soil and covered with the soil.
Further, the cultivation method of the invention also comprises a harvesting period of female hemp, which is a female plant of industrial hemp; specifically, the female hemp is harvested before the hemp seeds are filled, namely before the hemp seeds of the female hemp become hard; and if the male ramie is cut and harvested completely, the female ramie continues to grow for 6-8 weeks and then is harvested.
The detailed steps of the cultivation method of the invention comprise the following steps: (1) land preparation: deep ploughing for 30cm to loose, break and level soil without weeds, stones and the like;
(2) ridge moisture preservation: the ridge distance is 1.2-1.8 m, the ridge height is 10-15 cm, the ridge surface width is 60cm, and the ridge surface is flat;
(3) deep hole application of base fertilizer: using high nitrogen low phosphorus medium low potassium such as N: P2O5:K2O＝Taking a long-acting compound fertilizer with the ratio of 20:6:10 as a base fertilizer, digging ponds with the pond depth of 10-15 cm according to the pond distance of 0.8-1 m, applying the base fertilizer to the bottom of each pond with the pond depth of 30-40 g, uniformly mixing the base fertilizer with soil, and covering the soil with the thickness of 3 cm;
mulching with a mulching film and transplanting seedlings:
(4) covering a film: selecting a black mulching film with the width of 1.2m, paving and compacting to prevent strong wind from blowing off the mulching film;
(5) seedling culture: 20-25 days before the transplanting period, a 200-hole seedling tray or a mini nutrition bag with an upper opening diameter of 5-7 cm is used for adding tobacco seedling substrate or vegetable seedling substrate for seedling, 2 seeds are sowed in each hole, the substrate is kept moist, and the influence of disaster weather can be eliminated when the seedlings are grown in a protected area; if the color of the hemp seedling leaves is yellow, spraying urea on the leaf surfaces, wherein the concentration is 0.4 percent by weight;
(6) transplanting: in the last ten days of 4 months to 5 months, when the hemp seedlings grow to the height of 15cm, and soil of a field is selected to be wet, the seedlings with the soil (matrix) are taken, the nutrition bags are torn off, then the seedlings are transplanted, if the weather can be seen accurately, the transplanting effect is better before rain, mulching films are broken as little as possible during transplanting, and sufficient root fixing water is poured after transplanting;
(7) planting large individuals in small groups: transplanting density: the row spacing (soil moisture spacing) is 1.2-1.8 m, the pond spacing is 0.8-1 m, and each 667m2Planting 400-800 plants;
(8) seedling searching and gap filling: after 10 days of transplanting, checking the survival rate of transplanted seedlings, finding dead seedlings and diseased seedlings, using the standby seedlings to transplant again in time, and watering enough root fixing water;
(9) topdressing: topdressing for 3 times in the growth period, mainly using urea, applying 10g of fertilizer to each pond for the 1 st time, applying 15g of fertilizer to each pond for the 2 nd time and the 3 rd time, circularly applying fertilizer to the hemp seedlings, uniformly mixing the fertilizer with soil, and covering the soil; the 1 st time is carried out when the height of the seedlings is 50-60 cm, the 2 nd time is carried out when the height of the seedlings is 100-150 cm, and the 3 rd time is carried out after cutting down the male ramie;
(10) disease and pest control: underground pests should be noticed at the early stage of nursery and transplantation: the cutworm (cutworm) and the like harm the seedlings and can be manually captured or poisoned by medicaments in the early morning; during the growing period, the hazards of flea beetles, borers and the like are noticed; in rainy season, attention is paid to inspecting the field, and the ditch is cleaned and drained in time, so that waterlogging is prevented, and the occurrence of diseases can be reduced;
(11) cutting down male hemp: beginning in the middle ten days of 8 months, the male ramie appears buds continuously, the male ramie is cut off in time when the male ramie can be identified, and flowers and leaves can be collected, dried and stored; the cutting of the male ramie must be timely (before the male ramie blooms), thorough and clean, so that the male ramie needs to be inspected in the field for many times, found in time and cut in time;
(12) and (3) harvesting flowers and leaves: cutting and harvesting male ramie after budding before blooming; the female hemp is harvested before the hemp seeds are filled with the grout (the hemp seeds are hardened); if the male ramie is completely harvested (cleaned) and the female ramie is not pollinated (seeds can not develop), the female ramie is allowed to continue to grow for 6-8 weeks and then harvested;
(13) the flower and leaf harvesting method comprises the following steps: cutting down the main inflorescence and the branches, bundling up and airing, and collecting the leaves in time to prevent rain and mildew;
(14) and (3) flower and leaf standard: the product has no impurities, i.e. no foreign matters except flowers and leaves, such as branches and stalks of hemp, hemp seeds, films, soil, leaves, weeds, stones, etc., the water content is below 10%, the smell and color are normal, and no mildew, rot or peculiar smell is generated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that the results of repeated trial in production show that: introducing a brand new concept, breaking through the traditional cultivation method mode of industrial hemp, adapting to the special requirements of the production of the mosaic industrial hemp, and creating a 'four-improvement' cultivation method of the mosaic industrial hemp, namely changing full-layer base fertilizer application and additional fertilizer application into deep hole application fertilizer; changing conventional open field drilling into mulching film mulching hole sowing; changing direct seeding of seeds into seedling culture and transplanting in a mini nutrition bag; 3000-5000 plants (large population and small individuals) are changed into 400-800 plants (small population and large individuals), so that the problem of high-yield and high-efficiency planting of large-area mosaic industrial hemp can be well solved. The method for cultivating the flower-leaf industrial hemp can improve the fertilizer efficiency, reduce the fertilization, avoid or reduce the drought influence in the sowing period, avoid the use of manual or chemical weeding, reduce the production cost and greatly improve the product safety and the environmental safety.
The outstanding technical effects after the 'four changes' cultivation technology is used are as follows:
(1) the fertilizer water loss caused by rain wash is reduced and the fertilizer efficiency is improved due to the combination of deep hole application of the fertilizer and the covering film, and the fertilizer consumption is reduced by at least 20 percent compared with the traditional method;
(2) because the mulching film inhibits the growth of weeds, the intertillage weeding labor is reduced by at least 4 working days per mu of land, and the amount is 400 RMB (100 yuan/working day);
(3) changing direct seeding into mini nutrition bag seedling raising and transplanting, changing high density into low density, reducing the seed consumption per mu from 500g to 50g, and reducing the seed cost to 1/10 (the minimum of 200 yuan/kg for flower and leaf seeds, and the high of 1000 yuan/kg);
(4) the density is reduced, the labor for cutting the male plants is reduced by 1-2 working days per mu, and the cost is 100 plus 200 yuan;
(5) and by applying less fertilizer in the mulching cultivation process, the loss of fertilizer and water is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the ecological benefit is remarkable.
The invention will be explained and illustrated in the following with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a cultivation method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp, which at least comprises the following steps: 1) deep hole application of base fertilizer, and 2) planting of small-population large-population individuals. The contents of the two parts should be met simultaneously so as to ensure the technical purpose of high-yield and high-efficiency planting of industrial hemp in the later period.
Further, the step 1) of deep hole application of the base fertilizer is specifically that after the ridge moisture process is finished, ponds are dug according to the distance between the ponds and 0.8-1 m, the ponds are 10-15 cm deep, the base fertilizer is applied to the ponds, the base fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed, and then the soil with the thickness of 3cm is covered.
Further, the step 2) of planting the large small-population large-population plants is to set a row spacing of 1.2-1.8 m on the basis of a pond spacing of 0.8-1 m, wherein each 667m is2Planting 400-800 industrial hemp.
Further, the cultivation method also comprises a step of mulching, specifically, a black mulching film with the width of 1.2m is selected for laying, and the edge is compacted.
Further, the cultivation method further comprises a seedling raising and transplanting step, specifically, seedling raising is carried out 20-25 days before a transplanting period by using a 200-hole seedling raising tray or a mini nutrition bag with an upper opening diameter of 5-7 cm and added with a tobacco seedling raising substrate or a vegetable seedling raising substrate; when the hemp seedlings grow to 15cm in height, and soil of a field is selected to be wet, the seedlings are taken with soil/matrix, the nutrition bags are torn off, the seedlings are transplanted into a pond, and rooting water is thoroughly poured.
Further, the cultivation method also comprises the step of cutting down the male ramie, specifically, the male ramie is a male plant of industrial hemp; beginning in 8 middle of the month, the male ramie appears buds in succession, and the male ramie is immediately cut off and should be completely cut off when the male ramie can be identified. The male hemp leaves can be collected, dried in the sun and stored; the cutting of the male ramie must be timely (before the male ramie blooms), thorough and clean, so that the male ramie needs to be inspected in the field for many times, found in time and cut in time;
further, the cultivation method also comprises a top dressing step, wherein the top dressing frequency is set to be 3 times, and the 1 st time is when the height of the industrial hemp seedlings is 50-60 cm; when the height of the industrial hemp seedlings is 100-150 cm in the second time; the 3 rd time is carried out after the cutting of the male ramie; the top dressing mode is that urea is used as the main material, 10g is applied to each pond for the 1 st time, 15g is applied to each pond for the 2 nd time and the 3 rd time, the hemp seedlings are annularly fertilized, and the fertilizer is evenly mixed with soil and covered with the soil.
Further, the cultivation method of the invention also comprises a harvesting period of female hemp, which is a female plant of industrial hemp; specifically, the female hemp is harvested before the hemp seeds are filled, namely before the hemp seeds of the female hemp become hard; and if the male ramie is cut and harvested completely, the female ramie continues to grow for 6-8 weeks and then is harvested.
The detailed steps of the cultivation method of the invention comprise the following steps: (1) land preparation: deep ploughing for 30cm to loose, break and level soil without weeds, stones and the like;
(2) ridge moisture preservation: the ridge distance is 1.2-1.8 m, the ridge height is 10-15 cm, the ridge surface width is 60cm, and the ridge surface is flat;
(3) deep hole application of base fertilizer: using high nitrogen low phosphorus medium low potassium such as N: P2O5:K2Taking long-acting compound fertilizer with O being 20:6:10 as base fertilizer, digging ponds according to the pond distance of 0.8-1 m, wherein the depth of each pond is 10-15 cm, applying the base fertilizer at the bottom of each pond, and mixing the base fertilizer with soil, wherein each pond is 30-40 gAfter mixing uniformly, covering with soil with the thickness of 3 cm;
mulching with a mulching film and transplanting seedlings:
(4) covering a film: selecting a black mulching film with the width of 1.2m, paving and compacting to prevent strong wind from blowing off the mulching film;
(5) seedling culture: 20-25 days before the transplanting period, a 200-hole seedling tray or a mini nutrition bag with an upper opening diameter of 5-7 cm is used for adding tobacco seedling substrate or vegetable seedling substrate for seedling, 2 seeds are sowed in each hole, the substrate is kept moist, and the influence of disaster weather can be eliminated when the seedlings are grown in a protected area; if the color of the hemp seedling leaves is yellow, spraying urea on the leaf surfaces, wherein the concentration is 0.4 percent by weight;
(6) transplanting: in the last ten days of 4 months to 5 months, when the hemp seedlings grow to the height of 15cm, and soil of a field is selected to be wet, the seedlings with the soil (matrix) are taken, the nutrition bags are torn off, then the seedlings are transplanted, if the weather can be seen accurately, the transplanting effect is better before rain, mulching films are broken as little as possible during transplanting, and sufficient root fixing water is poured after transplanting;
(7) planting large individuals in small groups: transplanting density: the row spacing (soil moisture spacing) is 1.2-1.8 m, the pond spacing is 0.8-1 m, and each 667m2Planting 400-800 plants;
(8) seedling searching and gap filling: after 10 days of transplanting, checking the survival rate of transplanted seedlings, finding dead seedlings and diseased seedlings, using the standby seedlings to transplant again in time, and watering enough root fixing water;
(9) topdressing: topdressing for 3 times in the growth period, mainly using urea, applying 10g of fertilizer to each pond for the 1 st time, applying 15g of fertilizer to each pond for the 2 nd time and the 3 rd time, circularly applying fertilizer to the hemp seedlings, uniformly mixing the fertilizer with soil, and covering the soil; the 1 st time is carried out when the height of the seedlings is 50-60 cm, the 2 nd time is carried out when the height of the seedlings is 100-150 cm, and the 3 rd time is carried out after cutting down the male ramie;
(10) disease and pest control: underground pests should be noticed at the early stage of nursery and transplantation: the cutworm (cutworm) and the like harm the seedlings and can be manually captured or poisoned by medicaments in the early morning; during the growing period, the hazards of flea beetles, borers and the like are noticed; in rainy season, attention is paid to inspecting the field, and the ditch is cleaned and drained in time, so that waterlogging is prevented, and the occurrence of diseases can be reduced;
(11) cutting down male hemp: beginning in the middle ten days of 8 months, the male ramie appears buds continuously, the male ramie is cut off in time when the male ramie can be identified, and flowers and leaves can be collected, dried and stored; the cutting of the male ramie must be timely (before the male ramie blooms), thorough and clean, so that the male ramie needs to be inspected in the field for many times, found in time and cut in time;
(12) and (3) harvesting flowers and leaves: cutting and harvesting male ramie after budding before blooming; the female hemp is harvested before the hemp seeds are filled with the grout (the hemp seeds are hardened); if the male ramie is completely harvested (cleaned) and the female ramie is not pollinated (seeds can not develop), the female ramie is allowed to continue to grow for 6-8 weeks and then harvested;
(13) the flower and leaf harvesting method comprises the following steps: cutting down the main inflorescence and the branches, bundling up and airing, and collecting the leaves in time to prevent rain and mildew;
(14) and (3) flower and leaf standard: the product has no impurities, i.e. no foreign matters except flowers and leaves, such as branches and stalks of hemp, hemp seeds, films, soil, leaves, weeds, stones, etc., the water content is below 10%, the smell and color are normal, and no mildew, rot or peculiar smell is generated.
The above-mentioned embodiments are used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the step content and/or arrangement of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of the present application. But such modifications are not beyond the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A cultivation method of flower-leaf type industrial hemp is characterized in that the cultivation method is a four-improvement cultivation method and comprises the following steps:
1) changing the whole layer application of base fertilizer and the spreading application of additional fertilizer into deep hole application fertilizer, namely deep hole application of base fertilizer;
2) changing conventional open field drilling into mulching film mulching hole sowing;
3) changing direct seeding of seeds into seedling culture and transplanting in a mini nutrition bag;
4) changing 3000-5000-800-400-800 plants planted in each mu, namely planting large individuals in small groups;
the deep hole application of the base fertilizer is characterized in that after the ridge moisture process is finished, ponds are dug according to the distance between each pond and a ridge, the depth of each pond is 10-15 cm, the base fertilizer is applied to the ponds, the base fertilizer and soil are uniformly mixed, and then the soil with the thickness of 3cm is covered;
the plastic film mulching hole sowing is characterized in that a black plastic film with the width of 1.2m is selected for laying, and the edge is compacted;
the seedling raising and transplanting of the mini nutrition bags are specifically that 20-25 days before a transplanting period, a 200-hole seedling raising tray or a mini nutrition bag with an upper opening of 5-7 cm in diameter is used for raising seedlings by adding tobacco seedling raising substrates or vegetable seedling raising substrates; when the hemp seedlings grow to the height of 15cm and soil of the field is selected to be wet, taking the seedlings with soil/matrix, tearing off the nutrition bag, transplanting the seedlings into a pond, and thoroughly watering root fixing water;
the planting method is characterized in that the planting of the large individuals of the small groups is specifically that the row spacing of 1.2-1.8 m is set on the basis of the pond spacing of 0.8-1 m, and each 667m2Planting 400-800 industrial hemp;
the cultivation method also comprises cutting down male hemp, specifically, the male hemp is a male plant of industrial hemp; beginning in the middle ten days of 8 months, the male ramie buds up in succession, and when the male ramie can be identified, namely before the male ramie blooms, the male ramie is immediately cut off and should be completely cut off;
the cultivation method also comprises a harvesting period of female hemp, wherein the female hemp is a female plant of the industrial hemp; specifically, the female hemp is harvested before the hemp seeds are filled, namely before the hemp seeds of the female hemp become hard; and if the male ramie is cut and harvested completely, the female ramie continues to grow for 6-8 weeks and then is harvested.
2. The cultivation method of mosaic industrial hemp according to claim 1, further comprising a top dressing step, wherein the number of the top dressing steps is set to 3, and the 1 st time is when the height of the industrial hemp seedling is 50-60 cm; when the height of the industrial hemp seedlings is 100-150 cm in the second time; the 3 rd time is carried out after the cutting of the male ramie; the top dressing mode is that urea is used as the main material, 10g is applied to each pond for the 1 st time, 15g is applied to each pond for the 2 nd time and the 3 rd time, the hemp seedlings are annularly fertilized, and the fertilizer is evenly mixed with soil and covered with the soil.
3. Cultivation method of mosaic industrial hemp according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation: deep ploughing for 30cm to loose, break and level soil without weeds and stones;
(2) ridge moisture preservation: the ridge distance is 1.2-1.8 m, the ridge height is 15-20cm, the ridge surface width is 60cm, and the ridge surface is flat;
(3) deep hole application of base fertilizer: using high nitrogen low phosphorus medium low potassium such as N: P2O5: K2Taking a long-acting compound fertilizer with O =20:6:10 as a base fertilizer, mixing 30-40 g of the long-acting compound fertilizer with soil uniformly, and covering the mixture with soil with the thickness of 3 cm;
(4) covering a film;
(5) seedling culture: 2 grains are sowed in each hole, and the substrate is kept wet; if the color of the hemp seedling leaves is yellow, spraying urea on the leaf surfaces, wherein the concentration is 0.4 percent by weight;
(6) transplanting: in the last ten days of 4 months to 5 months, when the hemp seedlings grow to the height of 15cm, and when the soil in the field is selected to be wet, the seedlings with the soil/matrix are taken, and the seedlings are transplanted after the nutrition bags are torn off; transplanting before rain penetration, breaking less mulching film during transplanting, and watering enough root fixing water after transplanting;
(7) planting large individuals in small groups;
(8) seedling searching and gap filling: after 10 days of transplanting, checking the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings, finding dead seedlings and diseased seedlings, using the standby seedlings to transplant again in time, and watering enough root fixing water;
(9) topdressing: topdressing for 3 times in the growth period, mainly using urea, applying 10g of fertilizer to each pond for the 1 st time, applying 15g of fertilizer to each pond for the 2 nd time and the 3 rd time, circularly applying fertilizer to the hemp seedlings, uniformly mixing the fertilizer with soil, and covering the soil; the 1 st time is carried out when the height of the seedlings is 50-60 cm, the 2 nd time is carried out when the height of the seedlings is 100-150 cm, and the 3 rd time is carried out after cutting down the male ramie;
(10) disease and pest control: in the early stages of nursery and transplantation, underground pests are noticed to damage seedlings, and the seedlings are manually captured or poisoned by medicaments in the early morning; paying attention to the hazards of flea beetles and stem borers in the growing period; in rainy season, the field is inspected, and the ditch is cleaned and drained in time to prevent waterlogging;
(11) cutting down male hemp: collecting, drying and storing the flowers and leaves;
(12) and (3) harvesting flowers and leaves: cutting and harvesting male ramie after budding before blooming;
(13) the flower and leaf harvesting method comprises the following steps: cutting down the main inflorescence and the branches, bundling up the main inflorescence and the branches for airing, and collecting the flowers and the leaves in time;
(14) and (3) flower and leaf standard: a. no impurities, namely no foreign matters except flowers and leaves; b. the water content is below 10%; c. the smell and color are normal, and no mildew, rot or peculiar smell is generated.
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| EP3888451A1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-06 | Tellement Facile SA | Methods for producing cannabis plants and method for obtaining a substance from cannabis plants |
| CN114631464A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-17 | 云南汉盟制药有限公司 | Interplanting method for flower-leaf type industrial hemp |
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