CN112868497A - EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium matrix for strawberry planting - Google Patents
EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium matrix for strawberry planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN112868497A CN112868497A CN202110043165.7A CN202110043165A CN112868497A CN 112868497 A CN112868497 A CN 112868497A CN 202110043165 A CN202110043165 A CN 202110043165A CN 112868497 A CN112868497 A CN 112868497A
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- matrix
- vermiculite
- perlite
- bacterial
- straw powder
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial substrate for strawberry planting, which comprises straw powder, coconut chaff, grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid; wherein the straw powder and the coconut coir form a matrix, and the volume ratio of the straw powder to the coconut coir is 1: 1; 5-10kg of plant ash, 20-30kg of biogas residues, 20-30kg of decomposed fertilizer, 15-20kg of vermiculite and perlite, 5-10kg of EM bacterial liquid and coarse crushing treatment of vermiculite and perlite are added into each cubic matrix respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of strawberry planting matrixes, and particularly relates to an EM (effective microorganism) matrix for strawberry planting.
Background
The strawberry is a perennial herb, has a florescence of 4-5 months and a fruit period of 6-7 months, has high nutritive value, contains various nutrient substances, and has a health care effect. Strawberry prefers warm and cool climate, the growth temperature of root system of strawberry is 5-30 deg.C, the temperature is suitable for 15-22 deg.C, the growth temperature of stem leaf is 20-30 deg.C, the bud is frozen at-15-10 deg.C, the temperature of flower bud differentiation stage is 5-15 deg.C, and the flowering fruiting stage is 4-40 deg.C. When strawberries are in summer, the temperature is higher than 30 ℃ and the sunshine is strong, shading measures need to be taken. Strawberries are photophobic plants, but have strong shade tolerance. When the light intensity is strong, the plant is short, the fruit is small, the color is deep and the quality is good. Medium illumination, large fruit, light color, low sugar content and long harvesting period; too weak light illumination adversely affects strawberry growth. The strawberry has shallow root distribution, large transpiration amount and strict requirement on water, but in different growth periods. Strawberries have slightly different moisture requirements. Early spring and flowering sarcandra, grass is less than 70% of the maximum water holding capacity of soil every required clothes, the fruit growth and mature period demand is maximum and is more than 80%, after harvesting, stolon and new adventitious root are extracted, soil water content is not less than 70%, autumn is a plant accumulated nutrition and flower bud forming period, soil water is not less than 60%, strawberries are not waterlogging resistant, soil is required to have good permeability, drainage in rainy season is noticed, the strawberries are suitable for growing in fertile, loose neutral or slightly acidic loam, excessively sticky heavy soil is not suitable for cultivation, sandy soil is applied with stable manure, and the strawberries are watered frequently.
When planting the strawberry, can spread the strawberry in advance usually and plant and use matrix, but current strawberry is planted matrix permeability and water storage nature relatively poor, and the fermentation of organic matter can produce harmful bacterium in the matrix, and untimely processing can make the strawberry plant diseases and insect pests frequently send out, influences the planting benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an EM bacterial substrate for strawberry cultivation, aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve the problems proposed in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial substrate for strawberry planting comprises straw powder, coconut chaff, grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid;
wherein the straw powder and the coconut coir form a matrix, and the volume ratio of the straw powder to the coconut coir is 1: 1;
5-10kg of plant ash, 20-30kg of biogas residue, 20-30kg of decomposed fertilizer, 15-20kg of vermiculite and perlite and 5-10kg of EM bacterial liquid are added into each cubic matrix.
Preferably, the straw powder is plant straw which is subjected to crushing treatment, the crushed plant straw is sieved by a 5 x 5mm sieve, and undersize products are extracted by the selected coconut coir which is also sieved by the 5 x 5mm sieve.
Preferably, the vermiculite and the perlite are respectively subjected to coarse crushing treatment, and after crushing, the vermiculite and the perlite are respectively sieved by a 50-mesh sieve, and oversize materials are taken.
Preferably, the EM bacterial liquid is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment, and specifically, the EM bacterial liquid is fermented in an anaerobic liquid stirring fermentation tank, the formula of a 200L fermentation tank comprises 5% of EM bacterial liquid, 4% of brown sugar, 0.2% of urea, 3% of corn flour and 2% of bean cake powder, the fermentation time is 7d, the fermentation temperature is 30-32 ℃, and the pH value of the fermentation liquid is controlled to be 3.4-3.6.
Preferably, the decomposed fertilizer is a mixture of decomposed chicken manure and cattle and sheep manure.
A preparation method of an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial matrix for strawberry planting comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the volume of a matrix according to the planting area of the strawberries and the thickness of the matrix, then weighing a proper amount of straw powder and coconut chaff, and weighing grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid according to the proportion by taking the volume of the matrix as a basis;
s2, firstly, putting the straw powder and the coconut chaff into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, adding the thoroughly decomposed fertilizer and the biogas residues after uniform mixing, and continuing stirring and mixing;
s3, uniformly mixing the decomposed fertilizer, the biogas residues, the straw powder and a matrix consisting of coconut coir, adding plant ash and EM (effective microorganism) bacterial liquid, and stirring at normal temperature for at least 30 min;
s4, finally adding the vermiculite and the perlite into a stirrer to continue stirring, and stopping stirring after the vermiculite and the perlite are uniformly mixed with the mixed material in the S3;
and S5, pouring out the mixed material prepared in the S4, and paving the mixed material on the face, to be planted, of the strawberry to complete the preparation of the strawberry planting matrix.
Preferably, the plant ash is soaked in water before being added into the stirring machine, and the soaking water is based on soaking the plant ash in the plant ash.
Preferably, during the stirring process of the straw powder and the coconut chaff, water mist is sprayed into the stirrer, and the amount of the sprayed water mist is based on no dust during stirring.
Preferably, the vermiculite and the perlite are mixed into a mixture of the vermiculite and the perlite before the mixed materials are added, and then the mixture of the vermiculite and the perlite is poured into a stirring machine at a constant speed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the strawberry planting substrate is prepared by taking the straw powder and the coconut coir as main substrates, the permeability of the substrate can be improved by the straw powder and the coconut coir, the growth of strawberry roots is facilitated, vermiculite and perlite are added, the water retention performance of the substrate is improved, the supplement of water of the strawberry roots at different growth stages is met, the EM bacterial liquid subjected to fermentation treatment is added into the substrate, the EM bacterial liquid can improve the number of beneficial bacterial groups in the substrate, can inhibit the number of harmful bacterial groups, achieves the purpose of bacteriostasis by bacteria, can improve the activity and the permeability of soil, promotes the decomposition and absorption of various elements of the soil by the strawberry roots, and improves the economic benefit of strawberry planting.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial substrate for strawberry planting comprises straw powder, coconut chaff, grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid;
wherein the straw powder and the coconut coir form a matrix, and the volume ratio of the straw powder to the coconut coir is 1: 1;
7kg of plant ash, 25kg of biogas residues, 25kg of decomposed fertilizer, 17kg of vermiculite and 8kg of EM bacterial liquid are added into each cubic matrix.
And the straw powder is plant straw which is subjected to crushing treatment, the crushed plant straw is sieved by a 5 x 5mm screen, undersize products are taken, and the selected coconut husk is also sieved by a 5 x 5mm screen, and the undersize products are taken.
The vermiculite and the perlite are respectively subjected to coarse crushing treatment, and after crushing, the crushed vermiculite and the crushed perlite are respectively sieved by a 50-mesh sieve, and oversize materials are taken.
The EM bacterial liquid is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment, and is specifically fermented in an anaerobic liquid stirring fermentation tank, wherein the formula of a 200L fermentation tank comprises 5% of EM bacterial liquid, 4% of brown sugar, 0.2% of urea, 3% of corn flour and 2% of bean cake powder, the fermentation time is 7d, the fermentation temperature is 30-32 ℃, and the pH value of the fermentation liquid is controlled to be 3.4-3.6.
The decomposed fertilizer is a mixture of decomposed chicken manure and cattle and sheep manure.
Embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial substrate for strawberry planting comprises straw powder, coconut chaff, grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid;
wherein the straw powder and the coconut coir form a matrix, and the volume ratio of the straw powder to the coconut coir is 1: 1;
5kg of plant ash, 20kg of biogas residues, 20kg of decomposed fertilizer, 15kg of vermiculite and 10kg of EM bacterial liquid are added into each cubic matrix.
Embodiment 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial substrate for strawberry planting comprises straw powder, coconut chaff, grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid;
wherein the straw powder and the coconut coir form a matrix, and the volume ratio of the straw powder to the coconut coir is 1: 1;
10kg of plant ash, 30kg of biogas residues, 30kg of decomposed fertilizer, 20kg of vermiculite and 20kg of perlite are added into each cubic matrix, and 10kg of EM bacterial liquid is added into each cubic matrix.
Embodiment 4, a method for preparing an EM bacterial substrate for strawberry cultivation, comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating the volume of a matrix according to the planting area of strawberries and the thickness of the matrix, weighing a proper amount of straw powder and coconut chaff, and then weighing grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid according to the proportion in the embodiment 1;
s2, firstly, placing the straw powder and the coconut coir into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, spraying water mist into the stirrer in the stirring process of the straw powder and the coconut coir, wherein the amount of the sprayed water mist is based on no dust during stirring, so that the straw powder and the coconut coir can be stirred and mixed uniformly, the moisture in a matrix can be increased, the stirring is convenient and fast, the thoroughly decomposed fertilizer and the biogas residues are added after the uniform mixing, and the stirring and mixing are continued;
s3, after thoroughly decomposed fertilizer and biogas residues are uniformly mixed with a substrate consisting of straw powder and coconut chaff, adding plant ash and EM bacterial liquid, stirring at normal temperature for at least 30min, soaking the plant ash in water before adding the plant ash into the stirrer, and soaking the water on the basis that the plant ash is soaked in the soaked water;
s4, finally adding vermiculite and perlite into a stirrer to be continuously stirred, mixing the vermiculite and the perlite into a mixture of the vermiculite and the perlite before adding the mixed material, then pouring the mixture of the vermiculite and the perlite into the stirrer at a constant speed, and stopping stirring after the vermiculite and the perlite are uniformly mixed with the mixed material in the S3;
and S5, pouring out the mixed material prepared in the S4, and paving the mixed material on the face, to be planted, of the strawberry to complete the preparation of the strawberry planting matrix.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. An EM fungus matrix for strawberry planting is characterized in that: comprises straw powder, coconut chaff, grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid;
wherein the straw powder and the coconut coir form a matrix, and the volume ratio of the straw powder to the coconut coir is 1: 1;
5-10kg of plant ash, 20-30kg of biogas residue, 20-30kg of decomposed fertilizer, 15-20kg of vermiculite and perlite and 5-10kg of EM bacterial liquid are added into each cubic matrix.
2. The EM (effective microorganism) bacteria matrix for strawberry cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw powder is crushed plant straw, the crushed plant straw is sieved through a 5 x 5mm sieve, and undersize products are extracted from the selected coconut coir which is also sieved through a 5 x 5mm sieve.
3. The EM bacterial substrate for strawberry cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the vermiculite and the perlite are subjected to coarse crushing treatment respectively, and after crushing, the vermiculite and the perlite are sieved by a 50-mesh sieve respectively, and oversize materials are taken out.
4. The EM bacterial substrate for strawberry planting according to claim 1, wherein the EM bacterial liquid is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment, and specifically, the EM bacterial liquid is fermented in an anaerobic liquid stirring fermentation tank, the formula of a 200L fermentation tank comprises 5% of EM bacterial liquid, 4% of brown sugar, 0.2% of urea, 3% of corn flour and 2% of bean cake flour, the fermentation time is 7d, the fermentation temperature is 30-32 ℃, and the pH of the fermentation liquid is controlled to be 3.4-3.6.
5. An EM (effective microorganism) bacterial matrix for strawberry cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decomposed fertilizer is a mixture of decomposed chicken manure and cattle and sheep manure.
6. The preparation method of the EM bacterial substrate for strawberry cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating the volume of a matrix according to the planting area of the strawberries and the thickness of the matrix, then weighing a proper amount of straw powder and coconut chaff, and weighing grass ash, decomposed fertilizer, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and EM bacterial liquid according to the proportion by taking the volume of the matrix as a basis;
s2, firstly, putting the straw powder and the coconut chaff into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, adding the thoroughly decomposed fertilizer and the biogas residues after uniform mixing, and continuing stirring and mixing;
s3, uniformly mixing the decomposed fertilizer, the biogas residues, the straw powder and a matrix consisting of coconut coir, adding plant ash and EM (effective microorganism) bacterial liquid, and stirring at normal temperature for at least 30 min;
s4, finally adding the vermiculite and the perlite into a stirrer to continue stirring, and stopping stirring after the vermiculite and the perlite are uniformly mixed with the mixed material in the S3;
and S5, pouring out the mixed material prepared in the S4, and paving the mixed material on the face, to be planted, of the strawberry to complete the preparation of the strawberry planting matrix.
7. The method for preparing an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial matrix for strawberry cultivation as claimed in claim 6, wherein the plant ash is soaked in water before being added into the blender, and the soaking water is based on soaking the plant ash in the plant ash.
8. The method for preparing an EM (effective microorganism) bacterial substrate for strawberry cultivation as claimed in claim 6, wherein water mist is sprayed into the stirrer during stirring of the straw powder and the coconut chaff, and the amount of the sprayed water mist is based on no dust during stirring.
9. An EM (effective microorganism) bacterial matrix for strawberry cultivation as claimed in claim 6, wherein the vermiculite and the perlite are mixed into a mixture of the vermiculite and the perlite before the mixed material is added, and then the mixture of the vermiculite and the perlite is poured into a stirring machine at a constant speed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110043165.7A CN112868497A (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium matrix for strawberry planting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110043165.7A CN112868497A (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium matrix for strawberry planting |
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| CN112868497A true CN112868497A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103688836A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-02 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Manufacturing method of soilless seedling breeding matrix special for strawberries |
| CN106718715A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 北京市土肥工作站 | For the matrix of planting strawberry |
| CN109287399A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-01 | 贵州省黔西县水西科技实业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of strawberry |
| CN110818503A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-21 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for promoting decomposition of zizania aquatica straws |
| CN111587762A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 永清县兴晟农业服务有限公司 | Environment-friendly vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-01-13 CN CN202110043165.7A patent/CN112868497A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103688836A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-02 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Manufacturing method of soilless seedling breeding matrix special for strawberries |
| CN106718715A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 北京市土肥工作站 | For the matrix of planting strawberry |
| CN109287399A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-01 | 贵州省黔西县水西科技实业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of strawberry |
| CN110818503A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-21 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for promoting decomposition of zizania aquatica straws |
| CN111587762A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 永清县兴晟农业服务有限公司 | Environment-friendly vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| "现代桃树栽培", 山东科学技术出版社, pages: 193 * |
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